Railway wagon air braking system monitoring device and method based on shaft end power generation

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway wagon air brake system monitoring device and method based on shaft end power generation, and the device comprises a shaft end power generation system which is disposed at the shaft end of a railway wagon and provides a power supply voltage for the monitoring device; the power supply isolation conversion module is configured to perform voltage stabilization isolation and voltage conversion on the power supply voltage provided by the shaft end power generation system; the signal acquisition module is configured to acquire pressure data and displacement data at a plurality of target positions in the air braking system through a sensor; the sensor signal conditioning module is configured to convert the pressure data and the displacement data obtained by the signal acquisition module into voltage signals through a multi-path analog conditioning circuit; the analog-to-digital conversion module is configured to sample the voltage signal obtained by the sensor signal conditioning module and convert an analog signal into a digital signal; the system also comprises a CPU control module and an RS485 communication module. According to the invention, intelligent monitoring of the air brake system of the railway wagon can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway freight car air brakes, and in particular to a monitoring device and method for a railway freight car air brake system based on axle end power generation. Background Art

[0002] The air brake system of railway freight cars is an important factor affecting the load tonnage and operating safety of freight trains. Failure of the brake system will cause the truck to be unable to brake or ease in time, posing a threat to the driving safety of the truck.

[0003] The air brake system of railway freight cars transmits braking and release signals through air waves. The braking and release time increases significantly with the increase of train length. During the braking and release process, since domestic railway freight cars have no electrical system and no status monitoring system, the status of the air brake system cannot be obtained. If an air brake system failure occurs in a long freight car formation, braking and release will not be possible, and these failures cannot be fed back to the driver in time, so the driver cannot take corresponding fault response strategies. When the number of faulty cars is too large, it will seriously endanger the driving safety of railway freight cars.

[0004] Invention patent application CN116811823A discloses a rail vehicle braking electrical control system and method based on wireless communication. It adopts a radio air control system (ECP) to generate braking and relief signal instructions by identifying changes in train pipe pressure, and transmits them wirelessly to the subsequent on-board host box in an electrical manner, in order to improve the consistency of its braking and relief. The disadvantage is that the wireless network is unstable in places with weak signals, such as tunnels and mountainous areas, and there is packet loss and even communication interruption. In addition, the data collected by ECP is mainly signal data and train pipe pressure data during the period, etc. The data volume is small, some key data is missing, and there is data packet loss when the network is not connected. There may be inconsistencies in the time axis, which cannot be effectively used to determine the status of the vehicle braking system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a railway freight car air brake system monitoring device and method based on axle end power generation, which can ensure the safe operation and digital management of the railway freight car.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A railway freight car air brake system monitoring device based on shaft end power generation, comprising:

[0008] The shaft end power generation system is installed at the shaft end of the railway freight car to provide power supply voltage for the monitoring device;

[0009] A power isolation conversion module is configured to perform voltage stabilization isolation and voltage conversion on the power voltage provided by the shaft end power generation system;

[0010] A signal acquisition module is configured to acquire pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system through sensors;

[0011] A sensor signal conditioning module is configured to convert the pressure data and displacement data obtained by the signal acquisition module into a voltage signal through a multi-channel analog conditioning circuit;

[0012] an analog-to-digital conversion module, configured to sample the voltage signal obtained by the sensor signal conditioning module and convert the analog signal into a digital signal;

[0013] A CPU control module is configured to determine the working state of the air brake system based on the digital signal obtained by the analog-to-digital conversion module, and to perform coordinated management and control of the entire monitoring device;

[0014] The RS485 communication module is configured to transmit the operating status of the air brake system identified by the CPU control module to the host computer of the respective vehicle.

[0015] Furthermore, in the signal acquisition module, the pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system are collected by sensors, including:

[0016] The air pressure at the first preset position in the air brake system is collected by a pressure sensor, wherein the first preset position includes a train pipe, an upstream of the brake cylinder, a downstream of the brake cylinder, an auxiliary air cylinder, an acceleration and deceleration air cylinder, and a delay air cylinder;

[0017] The displacement parameter at a second preset position in the air brake system is collected by a displacement sensor, and the second preset position includes a brake cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, in the sensor signal conditioning module, the pressure data and displacement data obtained by the signal acquisition module are converted into voltage signals through a multi-channel analog conditioning circuit, including: performing I / V conversion, filtering and amplification on the current signal of the sensor through a multi-channel analog conditioning circuit, and converting the pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system into the voltage signals required by the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0019] A method for monitoring an air brake system of a railway freight car based on shaft end power generation, comprising:

[0020] Working mode judgment: The monitoring device judges the working mode according to the train pipe pressure and whether the shaft end power generation system is generating electricity. If it is necessary to enter the working mode, the shaft end power generation system provides power to the monitoring device to start the working mode; otherwise, it continues the sleep mode and continues to judge whether to enter the working mode;

[0021] Command reception and processing: Receive and feedback command data through the RS485 communication module, and transmit the command data to the CPU control module through the serial port, and perform status control by parsing different control commands;

[0022] Data reception and processing: After receiving the monitoring data, it is stored and analyzed by the CPU control module, and the vehicle braking system status is output according to the logic algorithm.

[0023] Furthermore, the working mode includes system parameter initialization, operation status detection process, storage full status processing process, raw data reading process, debugging command analysis processing process and bus command analysis processing process.

[0024] Furthermore, the system parameter initialization includes: reading control parameters and basic parameters of sensors, self-checking of monitoring devices, self-checking of sensors, and starting operation status detection of the air brake system.

[0025] Furthermore, the operation status detection process includes: judging the working status of the air brake system, and the working status includes relief, relief process, braking and braking process.

[0026] Furthermore, the storage full state processing process includes transferring the memory data to the Flash storage in blocks, and the original data reading process includes reading the Flash storage data in blocks to the memory of the train bus to obtain the original data.

[0027] Furthermore, in the debugging command analysis and processing process, the debugging commands include state switching commands, state query commands, stop monitoring commands, system parameter acquisition commands, fault clearing commands, vehicle ID setting commands, product serial number setting commands, clock setting and acquisition commands and Flash data management commands, and corresponding processing is performed according to different debugging commands.

[0028] Furthermore, in the bus command analysis and processing process, the bus commands include status query commands, raw data acquisition commands and system software upgrade commands, and corresponding processing is performed according to different bus commands.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] (1) At present, there is no electronic monitoring equipment for the air brake system of domestic railway freight cars. The present invention proposes for the first time a monitoring device and method for the air brake system of railway freight cars, which comprehensively monitors the air pressure and displacement parameters of the brake cylinder at positions such as the train pipe, upstream of the brake cylinder, downstream of the brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, acceleration and deceleration air cylinder, and delay air cylinder in the air brake system, judges the working status of the air brake system in real time, and provides an RS485 bus to upload data to the train control system, thereby realizing intelligent monitoring of the air brake system of railway freight cars.

[0031] (2) The present invention utilizes a low-power monitoring device powered by an axle-end power generation system. When the train pipe pressure is greater than 400 KPa (settable) or the axle-end power generation device is generating electricity, the normal power consumption of the device is within 2 W, and the power consumption in sleep mode is 0.01 W, thereby ensuring the long-term use of the battery in the axle-end power generation system.

[0032] (3) The present invention uses a high-precision 16-bit digital conversion A / D chip to collect the values ​​of each sensor in the gas path, which can achieve a pressure control accuracy of 0.1 KPa.

[0033] (4) The present invention has the function of storing original data, which can be stored 100,000 times, achieving a breakthrough of "0" monitoring data of the status of the air brake system of railway freight cars. The data can be used for the study of the air brake mechanism, so that the air brake system of railway freight cars has a "black box" function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a railway freight car air brake system monitoring device based on axle end power generation according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for monitoring a railway freight car air brake system based on axle-end power generation according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a railway freight car air brake system monitoring device based on axle end power generation, including an axle end power generation system, a power isolation conversion module, a signal acquisition module, a sensor signal conditioning module, a sensor signal conditioning module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a CPU control module and an RS485 communication module.

[0039] Among them, the axle-end power generation system is arranged at the axle-end of the railway freight car to provide power supply voltage for the monitoring device; the power isolation conversion module is configured to perform voltage stabilization, isolation and voltage conversion on the power supply voltage provided by the axle-end power generation system; the signal acquisition module is configured to collect pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system through sensors; the sensor signal conditioning module is configured to convert the pressure data and displacement data obtained by the signal acquisition module into voltage signals through multi-channel analog conditioning circuits; the analog-to-digital conversion module is configured to sample the voltage signal obtained by the sensor signal conditioning module and convert the analog signal into a digital signal; the CPU control module is configured to determine the working status of the air brake system based on the digital signal obtained by the analog-to-digital conversion module, and perform coordinated management and control of the entire monitoring device; the RS485 communication module is configured to transmit the working status of the air brake system identified by the CPU control module to the host of each vehicle.

[0040] Preferably, in the signal acquisition module, pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system are collected through sensors, including: collecting the air pressure at a first preset position in the air brake system through a pressure sensor, the first preset position includes the train pipe, upstream of the brake cylinder, downstream of the brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, acceleration and deceleration air cylinder and delay air cylinder; collecting the displacement parameters at a second preset position in the air brake system through a displacement sensor, the second preset position includes the brake cylinder.

[0041] Preferably, in the sensor signal conditioning module, the pressure data and displacement data obtained by the signal acquisition module are converted into voltage signals through a multi-channel analog conditioning circuit, including: performing I / V conversion, filtering and amplification on the current signal of the sensor through a multi-channel analog conditioning circuit, and converting the pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system into the voltage signals required by the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0042] Preferably, the monitoring device of this embodiment also includes a flash data storage module, an E2 parameter storage module, a clock module and a data reading module, wherein the flash data storage module completes the storage function of the original data of the device, has 8GB storage space, and a lifespan of 100,000 write operations; the E2 parameter storage module adopts an AT24C512 chip that can perform independent read and write operations, and is used to store device configuration parameters, such as device ID, sensor zero point and sensitivity, etc., and has a lifespan of 100,000 write operations; the clock module completes the timing processing of the device, especially the timing during data storage; the data reading module uses an external SD card to read data, and transfers the original data in the flash storage module to the SD card.

[0043] It should be noted that, compared with the prior art which controls vehicle braking and relief based on the radio air control system (ECP), the monitoring device of this embodiment is mainly used to monitor the changes in various key pressures of railway vehicles, and evaluate the real-time status of railway vehicles according to the changes, thereby realizing the online real-time monitoring function of railway freight cars, as described below.

[0044] (1) Different principles

[0045] ECP is used to control vehicle braking and relief. It generates braking and relief signal instructions by identifying changes in train pipe pressure, and transmits them wirelessly to the subsequent on-board host box in an electrical manner to improve the consistency of its braking and relief. The disadvantage is that the wireless network is unstable in places with weak signals, such as tunnels and mountainous areas, and there is packet loss or even communication interruption.

[0046] The monitoring device of this embodiment is used to monitor the real-time status of the vehicle, identify the status of each key pressure of the vehicle through various sensors, and transmit it to the host of each vehicle through RS485 wired transmission, in order to grasp the running status of each vehicle in real time. The advantage is that the signal is stable, the delay is low, and it is not affected by the geographical environment through wired transmission.

[0047] (2) Accuracy and measurement points

[0048] The function of ECP is mainly to control the train. It does not require high sensor detection accuracy. It only needs to identify changes in train pipe pressure and issue corresponding train control instructions.

[0049] The function of the monitoring device of this embodiment is mainly used to identify the vehicle status. It requires real-time dynamic collection of key pressures of the vehicle (train pipe, auxiliary air cylinder, acceleration relief air cylinder, upstream of the brake cylinder, downstream of the brake cylinder, delay air cylinder, etc.), and also collects the piston stroke displacement data of the brake cylinder.

[0050] In order to meet the function of intelligent diagnosis, multiple groups of data need to be combined for analysis and calculation, so more collection points are required.

[0051] In order to meet the needs of brake fault monitoring and positioning such as emergency braking and natural relief, the collection accuracy is set to 0.1kPa, which is more accurate.

[0052] (3) Low power consumption

[0053] All railway vehicles are not powered, so electrical energy must be provided by the shaft-end power generation system.

[0054] The shaft end power generation system consists of a shaft end generator and power management. This embodiment processes the power management signal conditioning circuit, which greatly reduces the power consumption of the equipment and controls it within 2W.

[0055] At the same time, this embodiment develops a system sleep mode, with the train pipe pressure greater than 400KPa (settable) or the shaft end generator generating electricity as the system wake-up switch, and the power consumption in sleep mode is reduced to 0.01W.

[0056] Because the ECP system involves vehicle control, it needs to be turned on for a long time when in use, and its power consumption is much greater than that of the monitoring device.

[0057] (4) Communications

[0058] The ECP system is a wireless self-organizing network communication system that realizes data transmission between vehicles based on Lora or other methods. Each vehicle in a train is equipped with a host box, but the first vehicle is the host and the others are slaves. Control instructions need to be transmitted from front to back.

[0059] The monitoring device of this embodiment adopts RS485-based communication. The host boxes of all vehicles are hosts, each responsible for monitoring the brake system of its own vehicle, and wired transmission is adopted, which is completely different from the implementation method of wireless ad hoc network.

[0060] (5) Data storage

[0061] The data collected by ECP are mainly signal data and train pipe pressure data during the period. The data volume is small, some key data is missing, and there is data packet loss when the network is not connected. There may be inconsistencies in the time axis, and it cannot be effectively used to determine the status of the vehicle braking system.

[0062] The monitoring device of this embodiment comprehensively collects various key data of the vehicle and can ensure the synchronization of data collection. Through wired transmission, it avoids the problems of data packet loss and inconsistent time axis. The amount of stored data is large, and the host side performs aggregation, analysis, fault analysis and calculation, and the vehicle operation status is determined on the vehicle side. At the same time, an SD card is used for backup, and the required monitoring data can be obtained on the vehicle side, achieving a zero breakthrough in the absence of effective monitoring data for railway vehicles.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1:

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for monitoring a railway freight car air brake system based on axle end power generation, comprising:

[0066] Working mode judgment: The monitoring device judges the working mode according to the train pipe pressure and whether the shaft end power generation system is generating electricity. If it is necessary to enter the working mode, the shaft end power generation system provides power to the monitoring device to start the working mode; otherwise, it continues the sleep mode and continues to judge whether to enter the working mode;

[0067] Command reception and processing: Receive and feedback command data through the RS485 communication module, and transmit the command data to the CPU control module through the serial port, and perform status control by parsing different control commands;

[0068] Data reception and processing: After receiving the monitoring data, it is stored and analyzed by the CPU control module, and the vehicle braking system status is output according to the logic algorithm.

[0069] Preferably, the working mode includes system parameter initialization, operation status detection process, storage full status processing process, raw data reading process, debugging command analysis processing process and bus command analysis processing process, which are specifically described as follows.

[0070] System parameter initialization includes: reading control parameters and basic sensor parameters, monitoring device self-check, sensor self-check, and starting air brake system operating status detection.

[0071] The operation status detection process includes: judging the working status of the air brake system, and the working status includes relief, relief process, braking and braking process.

[0072] In the process of processing the storage full state, since the flash data is stored in blocks, each block is 4KB, when the 4KB memory is full, the memory data is transferred to the Flash storage in blocks.

[0073] The raw data reading process includes: the train bus needs to read the raw data in real time, and read the flash data in blocks to the memory of the bus to obtain the raw data, so as to facilitate the acquisition of bus commands.

[0074] In the debugging command analysis and processing process, the debugging commands include status switching commands, status query commands, stop monitoring commands, system parameter acquisition commands, fault clearing commands, vehicle ID setting commands, product serial number setting commands, clock setting and acquisition commands and Flash data management commands, and corresponding processing is performed according to different debugging commands.

[0075] In the bus command analysis and processing process, bus commands include status query commands, raw data acquisition commands and system software upgrade commands, and corresponding processing is performed according to different bus commands.

[0076] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

Claims

1. A railway freight car air brake system monitoring device based on axle end power generation, characterized in that: include: The shaft end power generation system is installed at the shaft end of the railway freight car to provide power supply voltage for the monitoring device; A power isolation conversion module is configured to perform voltage stabilization isolation and voltage conversion on the power voltage provided by the shaft end power generation system; A signal acquisition module is configured to acquire pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system through sensors; A sensor signal conditioning module is configured to convert the pressure data and displacement data obtained by the signal acquisition module into a voltage signal through a multi-channel analog conditioning circuit; an analog-to-digital conversion module, configured to sample the voltage signal obtained by the sensor signal conditioning module and convert the analog signal into a digital signal; A CPU control module is configured to determine the working state of the air brake system based on the digital signal obtained by the analog-to-digital conversion module, and to perform coordinated management and control of the entire monitoring device; The RS485 communication module is configured to transmit the operating status of the air brake system identified by the CPU control module to the host computer of the respective vehicle.

2. The railway freight car air brake system monitoring device based on axle end power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the signal acquisition module, pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system are collected through sensors, including: The air pressure at the first preset position in the air brake system is collected by a pressure sensor, wherein the first preset position includes a train pipe, an upstream of the brake cylinder, a downstream of the brake cylinder, an auxiliary air cylinder, an acceleration and deceleration air cylinder, and a delay air cylinder; The displacement parameter at a second preset position in the air brake system is collected by a displacement sensor, and the second preset position includes a brake cylinder.

3. The railway freight car air brake system monitoring device based on axle end power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the sensor signal conditioning module, the pressure data and displacement data obtained by the signal acquisition module are converted into voltage signals through a multi-channel analog conditioning circuit, including: Through multi-channel analog conditioning circuits, the current signal of the sensor is converted into I / V, filtered and amplified, and the pressure data and displacement data at multiple target positions in the air brake system are converted into the voltage signal required by the analog-to-digital conversion module.

4. A method for monitoring the air brake system of a railway freight car based on shaft end power generation, applied to the monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: Working mode judgment: The monitoring device judges the working mode according to the train pipe pressure and whether the shaft end power generation system is generating electricity. If it is necessary to enter the working mode, the shaft end power generation system provides power to the monitoring device to start the working mode; otherwise, it continues the sleep mode and continues to judge whether to enter the working mode; Command reception and processing: Receive and feedback command data through the RS485 communication module, and transmit the command data to the CPU control module through the serial port, and perform status control by parsing different control commands; Data reception and processing: After receiving the monitoring data, it is stored and analyzed by the CPU control module, and the vehicle braking system status is output according to the logic algorithm.

5. The method for monitoring the air brake system of a railway freight car based on axle end power generation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The working mode includes system parameter initialization, operation status detection process, storage full status processing process, original data reading process, debugging command analysis processing process and bus command analysis processing process.

6. The method for monitoring the air brake system of a railway freight car based on axle end power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system parameter initialization includes: reading control parameters and basic parameters of sensors, self-checking of monitoring devices, self-checking of sensors, and starting running status detection of the air brake system.

7. The method for monitoring the air brake system of a railway freight car based on axle end power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The operation status detection process includes: judging the working status of the air brake system, and the working status includes relief, relief process, braking and braking process.

8. The method for monitoring the air brake system of a railway freight car based on axle end power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The storage full state processing process includes transferring the memory data to the Flash storage in blocks, and the original data reading process includes reading the Flash storage data in blocks to the memory of the train bus to obtain the original data.

9. The method for monitoring the air brake system of a railway freight car based on axle end power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the debugging command analysis and processing process, the debugging commands include state switching commands, state query commands, stop monitoring commands, system parameter acquisition commands, fault clearing commands, vehicle ID setting commands, product serial number setting commands, clock setting and acquisition commands and Flash data management commands, and corresponding processing is performed according to different debugging commands.

10. The method for monitoring the air brake system of a railway freight car based on axle end power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the bus command analysis and processing process, the bus commands include status query commands, raw data acquisition commands and system software upgrade commands, and corresponding processing is performed according to different bus commands.

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