Anti-loosening mechanism, point switch air cylinder and point switch

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-loosening mechanism, a point switch air cylinder and a point switch. The anti-loosening mechanism comprises an outer anti-loosening plate, an inner anti-loosening plate, a fastening bolt, a cotter pin and a spring washer. The front end and the rear end of the outer anti-loosening plate are each provided with an inner anti-loosening plate. The top of a vertically distributed fastening bolt is arranged in the center of each inner anti-loosening plate; a cotter pin is horizontally arranged on the top of the fastening bolt and the inner anti-loosening plate in a penetrating mode. A spring washer is sleeved on the outer side of a screw rod of the fastening bolt; the fastening bolt is used for fixedly connecting the fixed part located outside with an external mounting platform on which the fixed part needs to be mounted; and the spring washer is positioned between the fastening bolt and the mounting surface of the fixed part. According to the anti-loosening device, the anti-loosening function can be conveniently and reliably achieved on fastening bolts on various devices such as a point switch, the good anti-loosening effect is achieved, the requirements of users are met, and the anti-loosening device has great practical significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical anti-loosening, in particular to an anti-loosening mechanism, a switch machine cylinder and a switch machine. Background Art

[0002] The state of turnout switching equipment directly affects the safety of trains. With the continuous increase in the density of urban rail traffic, in order to ensure driving safety, the requirements for the operation state of turnout switching equipment are getting higher and higher. Among them, the switch machine, as an important turnout switching equipment, has the characteristics of high switching frequency, frequent application, and great impact on line traffic after equipment failure. It has always been the focus and difficulty of on-site maintenance and repair.

[0003] A switch machine is an important signal infrastructure equipment used to reliably switch the position of switches, change the direction of switch opening, lock the switch point rail, and reflect the position of switches. It can well ensure driving safety, improve transportation efficiency, and improve the labor intensity of drivers.

[0004] The fast-acting switch is suitable for the rapid switching of turnouts in railway marshaling yards, which greatly improves the marshaling efficiency of freight vehicles. It can quickly switch the turnout to the specified position according to the system control requirements to ensure that the vehicle passes through the turnout safely and reliably. In view of the fast action of the fast-acting switch, the action time is less than 0.8s, and the vibration is large during the action, the existing common anti-loosening design method cannot meet the anti-loosening requirements for the fastening bolts on the switch.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-loosening mechanism, a switch machine cylinder, and a switch machine in view of the technical defects in the prior art.

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides an anti-loosening mechanism, characterized in that it includes an outer anti-loosening plate, an inner anti-loosening plate, a fastening bolt, a cotter pin and a spring washer;

[0008] An inner anti-loosening plate is provided at the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate respectively;

[0009] The center position of each inner anti-loosening plate is provided with the top of a vertically distributed fastening bolt;

[0010] A split pin is horizontally provided on the top of the fastening bolt and the inner anti-loosening plate;

[0011] A spring washer is sleeved on the outside of the screw rod of the fastening bolt;

[0012] The fastening bolts are used to fix the fixed part located outside and the external mounting platform on which the fixed part is to be mounted;

[0013] Spring washers are located between the fastening bolts and the mounting surface of the fixed part.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a switch machine cylinder, which includes a cylinder housing;

[0015] A front cylinder seat and a rear cylinder seat are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the cylinder housing;

[0016] The front cylinder seat is provided with the anti-loosening mechanism as mentioned above.

[0017] In addition, the present invention also provides a switch machine, which includes the anti-loosening mechanism as described above.

[0018] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-loosening mechanism, a switch machine cylinder, and a switch machine, which have a scientific structural design and can conveniently and reliably play an anti-loosening function on the fastening bolts on various equipment such as switch machines, achieve good anti-loosening effects, meet user needs, and have great practical significance.

[0019] The present invention is specifically an anti-loosening mechanism for a fast-moving switch. The present invention is designed to have a reasonable structure and easy installation, as the fast-moving turnouts used in hump marshalling yards have short switching time and large impact vibration during operation, and ordinary anti-loosening structures cannot meet the anti-loosening requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structure diagram of an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structure diagram of an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 A front view of a fastening bolt in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A top view of a fastening bolt in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an inner anti-loosening plate in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an outer anti-loosening plate in an anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a switch machine cylinder provided by the present invention, wherein the cylinder has been installed with the anti-loosening mechanism designed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the tooth shape design of the external anti-loosening plate;

[0028] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the nut of the fastening bolt, the inner anti-loosening plate and the cotter pin, in which J is the gap between the hexagonal limiting surface 3040 of the fastening bolt mounting hole of the inner anti-loosening plate and the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface of the nut 4 of the fastening bolt 1;

[0029] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a spring washer;

[0030] In the figure: 1-fastening bolt (specifically a hexagonal head bolt with a hole);

[0031] 101- hexagonal head anti-loosening surface; 102- split pin installation hole;

[0032] 2- Split pin;

[0033] 3-Internal anti-loosening plate;

[0034] 301-vertical limit tooth combination;

[0035] 3011-first limiting tooth, 3012-second limiting tooth, 3013-vertical limiting surface;

[0036] 302-limiting teeth of inner anti-loosening plate; 303-cotter pin mounting groove; 304-fastening bolt mounting hole; 3040-hexagonal limiting surface;

[0037] 3020-limiting tooth surface of inner anti-loosening plate;

[0038] 4-External anti-loosening plate;

[0039] 401-inner hole of outer plate; 403-limiting tooth of outer anti-loosening plate; 4030-limiting tooth surface of outer anti-loosening plate;

[0040] 5-Spring washer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected or set, or it can be detachably connected or set, or connected or set in one piece. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides an anti-loosening mechanism, which is a device designed for the situation that the fastening bolts of the current fast-moving switch machine are easy to loosen, and includes: an outer anti-loosening plate 4, an inner anti-loosening plate 3, a fastening bolt (specifically a hexagonal head bolt with a hole) 1, a cotter pin 2 and a spring washer 5;

[0046] An inner anti-loosening plate 3 is provided at the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate 4;

[0047] The center position of each inner anti-loosening plate 3 is provided with a top of a vertically distributed fastening bolt 1;

[0048] A split pin 2 is horizontally provided through the top of the fastening bolt 1 and the inner anti-loosening plate 3;

[0049] The outer side of the screw rod 103 of the fastening bolt 1 is covered with a spring washer 5;

[0050] The fastening bolt 1 is used to fix the fixed part located outside (such as the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder) and the external mounting platform to which the fixed part is to be mounted (such as the switch machine bottom shell to which the switch machine cylinder needs to be mounted);

[0051] The spring washer 5 is located between the fastening bolt 1 and the mounting surface (eg, top surface) of the fixed component.

[0052] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, two mounting through holes are vertically penetrated at both left and right ends of the fixed part (such as the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder);

[0053] The external mounting platform (e.g., the switch machine bottom shell to which the switch machine cylinder needs to be mounted) is provided with threaded mounting holes at positions corresponding to each mounting through hole;

[0054] The two fastening bolts 1 in each anti-loosening mechanism are threadedly fixedly connected with two threaded mounting holes at corresponding positions after passing through the two mounting through holes.

[0055] In the present invention, the fastening bolt 1 comprises a vertically distributed screw rod 103 and a nut 104 (i.e. a hexagonal nut);

[0056] The nut 104 is disposed on the top of the screw 103;

[0057] Six hexagonal anti-loosening surfaces 101 are arranged around the nut 104;

[0058] Two cotter pin mounting holes 102 are horizontally penetrated on the nut 104;

[0059] In a specific implementation, the two cotter pin mounting holes 102 are rotationally symmetrically distributed.

[0060] In the present invention, see Figure 3 As shown, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 includes a hollow inner anti-loosening plate body 300;

[0061] A fastening bolt installation hole 304 is provided on the inner side of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300 and passes through vertically;

[0062] The side walls around the fastening bolt installation hole 304 are six hexagonal limiting surfaces 3040 distributed around;

[0063] The nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 is arranged in the fastening bolt installation hole 304;

[0064] Two sets of vertical limiting tooth assemblies 301 are arranged at intervals on the outer side walls of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300;

[0065] A plurality of inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the outer side of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300 between the two sets of vertical limiting tooth assemblies 301;

[0066] For specific implementation, see Fig. 9As shown, there is a reserved gap (i.e., a clearance) J between the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 (i.e., the inner hexagonal hole, specifically, the hexagonal limiting surface 3040) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface 101 of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1;

[0067] It should be noted that the shape and size of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 correspond to the shape and size of the nut 104 .

[0068] In specific implementation, the spring washer 5 is arranged on the inner side of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (for example, in the middle of the inner side of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304), and is located on the circumferential outer side of the upper part of the screw rod 103 of the fastening bolt 1; that is, it is located in the gap between the screw rod 103 and the fastening bolt mounting hole 304.

[0069] In a specific implementation, two sets of vertical limit tooth combinations 301 are rotationally symmetrically distributed;

[0070] Each set of vertical limiting teeth assembly 301 includes a first limiting tooth 3011 and a second limiting tooth 3012;

[0071] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first limiting tooth 3011 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second limiting tooth 3012 .

[0072] The bottom surfaces of the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012 are vertical limiting surfaces 3013;

[0073] The vertical limiting surface 3013 at the bottom of the vertical limiting tooth assembly 301 is pressed against the upper surface of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 .

[0074] In specific implementation, two split pin installation grooves 303 (through grooves) are horizontally provided on the upper part of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300;

[0075] It should be noted that when the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 is located in the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 , the two cotter pin mounting grooves 303 and the two open pin mounting holes 102 on the fastening bolt 1 are arranged correspondingly.

[0076] It should be noted that the two cotter pin installation slots 303 are rotationally symmetrically distributed;

[0077] Furthermore, the top of each cotter pin installation slot 303 is open.

[0078] Furthermore, the split pin 2 horizontally passes through a split pin installation slot 303 on the inner anti-loosening plate body 300 and a split pin installation hole 102 on the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 corresponding to the position of the split pin installation slot 303;

[0079] In a specific implementation, the angles between the center lines of any two adjacent inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 are equal.

[0080] In a specific implementation, the length of the cotter pin 2 is greater than the outer diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 .

[0081] In the present invention, see Figure 4 As shown, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 includes an outer anti-loosening plate body 400;

[0082] The front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate body 400 are respectively provided with an outer plate inner hole 401 that penetrates vertically;

[0083] In a specific implementation, the two outer plate inner holes 401 of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the two inner anti-loosening plates 3;

[0084] It should be noted that, for the present invention, the specific shape and size of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is determined according to the external space of the installation position of the anti-loosening mechanism, and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 can be placed in the external space without interfering with other components.

[0085] In specific implementation, the inner side wall of each outer plate inner hole 401 is surrounded by a plurality of outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 arranged at equal intervals;

[0086] In specific implementation, the inner holes 401 of the two outer plates are symmetrically distributed front to back;

[0087] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the spring washer 5 is embedded in the fastening bolt installation hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0088] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the shape and size of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 is smaller than the shape and size of the fastening bolt installation hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0089] It should be noted that, for the present invention, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is sleeved outside the fastening bolt 1, and the hexagonal limiting surface 3040 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is arranged opposite to the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface 101 of the fastening bolt 1. When the hexagonal sharp angle of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 is rotated, the diagonal size is larger than the side size of the mating surface, which can limit the rotation of the fastening bolt. Because the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 is smaller than the hexagonal hole of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (i.e., the fastening bolt installation hole 304), that is, there is a gap J, and the inner anti-loosening plate 3 can still rotate to a certain angle;

[0090] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are located at a neutral (gap) position between two adjacent outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4 .

[0091] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are meshed with the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4 .

[0092] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, for the inner anti-loosening plate 3, both sides of the circumferential direction of each inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 are provided with an inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 3020;

[0093] For the outer anti-loosening plate 4, both sides of the circumferential direction of each outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403 are provided with an outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 4030 respectively;

[0094] The shape and size of the notch between the two inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surfaces 3020 on the opposite side of any two adjacent inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 is equal to the shape and size of each outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403 .

[0095] It should be noted that, for the present invention, the shape of the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 3020 on the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 is the same as the shape of the gap between the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surfaces 4030 on the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403. When there is a tendency to rotate, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 3020 and the outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth surface 4030 can fit each other. In other words, the limiting tooth surface of the outer anti-loosening plate cooperates with the limiting tooth surface of the inner anti-loosening plate, and the tooth surface angles are the same. When there is a tendency to rotate, the two surfaces can fit each other;

[0096] It should be noted that, for the present invention, the nut 104 is provided with a cotter pin installation hole 102 for installing the cotter pin 2 to prevent the inner anti-loosening plate 3 from falling out;

[0097] In the present invention, the spring washer 5 is installed at the lower part of the nut 104;

[0098] In the present invention, the inner hole of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (ie, the fastening bolt installation hole 304) is a hexagonal structure, which cooperates with the hexagonal limiting surface 3040 of the fastening bolt 1, thereby limiting the rotation of the fastening bolt.

[0099] The outer circle of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is a tooth surface of different shapes obtained by processing (including the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 and the first limiting teeth 3011 and the second limiting teeth 3012), which cooperates with the outer anti-loosening plate 4 to limit the vertical escape of the outer anti-loosening plate 4, and is limited by the outer anti-loosening plate 4 to rotate itself;

[0100] The outer anti-loosening plate 4 has two outer plate inner holes 401 and is installed on two fastening bolts 1 at the same time to prevent itself from rotating. The outer plate inner holes 401 are provided with machined tooth surfaces (specifically, the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403) to limit the rotation of the inner anti-loosening plate 3.

[0101] Therefore, in the present invention, the loosening of the fastening bolts (for example, the fastening bolts on the cylinder of the switch machine) can be prevented through the mutual cooperation of the above multiple parts.

[0102] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, each component device is processed or heat-treated from Q235A or above steel material.

[0103] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the size of the fastening bolt is determined during product design, and a hexagonal head bolt with a hole is specifically selected. The hexagonal head position needs to have through holes of appropriate sizes processed on two planes therein for installing a cotter pin to limit the axial rotation of the bolt and prevent the bolt from loosening.

[0104] In the present invention, in specific implementation, the diameter of the cotter pin is selected according to the opening (i.e., the cotter pin mounting hole 102) on the hexagonal head (i.e., the nut) of the fastening bolt, and the corresponding length is selected according to the outer diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate 3;

[0105] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the spring washer 5 is selected with corresponding specifications according to the size of the fastening bolt, so as to limit the axial rotation of the fastening bolt.

[0106] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is made of steel plate and electroplated. The inner and outer diameters and the number of teeth of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are processed according to the size of the fastening bolts it specifies. The major diameter and minor diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are set mainly according to its strength. The angle at which the inner anti-loosening plate can rotate is designed according to the clearance allowed by the hexagonal nut of the fastening bolt and the hexagonal inner hole of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (i.e., the fastening bolt mounting hole 304). According to the angle allowed for rotation, the maximum angle formed by the intersection of the two sides of the isosceles triangle of the limiting tooth shape and the minor diameter is designed. According to the tooth shape of the inner anti-loosening plate 3, the tooth shape of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is designed accordingly, and the two cooperate to limit the rotation of the inner anti-loosening plate.

[0107] In specific implementation, the tooth-shaped matching design of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is as follows:

[0108] See also Figure 8 As shown, according to the size of the fastening bolt 1, the matching hexagonal and tooth diameter related dimensions are designed, and the circumference of 360° of the major diameter of the inner hole 401 of the outer plate of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is divided into two equal parts according to twice the number of teeth to be processed (for example, if forty tooth shapes are processed, the angle between each tooth shape (that is, each outer anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403) is 360 / 40*2=4.5°), and for every other bisected angle, an isosceles triangle is made with the two bisected points and the intersection of the circle radius and the inner hole minor diameter.

[0109] In specific implementation, the major diameter and minor diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (the major diameter and minor diameter of the overall shape of the inner anti-loosening plate body 300, that is, the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter, not the diameter of the fastening bolt mounting hole 304 inside it) correspond to the major diameter and minor diameter of the inner hole 401 of the outer plate of the outer anti-loosening plate 4, respectively. Furthermore, the intersection of the isosceles triangle of the outer anti-loosening plate and the major diameter is made into a circle radius, and the symmetry line of one of the sides is made with it as the midline, which is the tooth shape of the inner anti-loosening plate 3. Except for the vertical limiting tooth combination 301, the tooth shape distribution rules of other parts are the same as the tooth shape of the outer anti-loosening plate 4.

[0110] According to this design, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 contacts one side of the inner anti-loosening plate 3, and the other side of the gap is just enough to insert a tooth shape, see Fig. 9 As shown, the hollow gap J between the inner hexagonal hole of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 (i.e. the fastening bolt mounting hole 304) and the six sides (i.e. the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface 101) of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1 allows the inner anti-loosening plate 3 to rotate a certain angle, so that no matter what angle the fastening bolt 1 is at, after the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is installed, the tooth shape on the circumferential outer side (i.e. the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302) can be staggered with the tooth shape of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 (the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403) and installed in place. Because the tooth shape is smaller in design, the allowable rotation angle of the neutral position (i.e. the hollow gap J) is very small. When the fastening bolt 1 undergoes a small deformation on the spring washer 5, the two tooth shapes (i.e. the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 of the tooth shape of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 and the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3) can come into contact, thereby continuing to prevent loosening. The superposition of the two anti-loosening measures can ensure that the bolts will not loosen.

[0111] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the shapes and sizes of the first limiting teeth 3011 and the second limiting teeth 3012 of the vertical limiting teeth assembly 301 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are both greater than or equal to the shapes and sizes of the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4. That is, the tooth shapes of the first limiting teeth 3011 and the second limiting teeth 3012 can both cover the tooth shapes of the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403.

[0112] It should be noted that see Fig. 9 As shown, in the present invention, the vertical limiting tooth combination 301 has a special-shaped tooth shape (i.e., the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012), which is a tooth shape different in shape and thickness from the limiting tooth shapes on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 (i.e., the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 and the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3), and the size of each tooth shape (the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012) at least covers the two tooth shapes (the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403) on the outer anti-loosening plate 4, and the specific size is determined according to the size of the matching tooth shape;

[0113] After installation, the special-shaped tooth shape of the vertical limiting tooth combination 301 (i.e., the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012) is pressed on the limiting teeth (external anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403) of the external anti-loosening plate 4. Regardless of the relative positions of the inner and outer anti-loosening plates, each special-shaped tooth shape can be pressed on at least one limiting tooth (external anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 403) to prevent the external anti-loosening plate 4 from moving upward in the vertical direction.

[0114] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, there is a gap J between the fastening bolt installation hole 304 of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1.

[0115] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, the diameter of the fastening bolt installation hole 304 (ie, the inner hexagonal hole) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is larger than the diameter of the nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1, for example, 1 mm or 2 mm larger.

[0116] It should be noted that the size of the inner hexagonal hole (i.e., the fastening bolt installation hole 304) of the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is determined according to the size of the fastening bolt to be prevented from loosening, and is slightly larger than the hexagonal nut 104 of the fastening bolt 1, and can be rotated at a certain angle to match the installation of the inner anti-loosening plate;

[0117] In specific implementation, two through grooves (i.e. two cotter pin installation grooves 303) are processed on the inner anti-loosening plate 3, which correspond to the center positions of the inner hexagonal hole (i.e. the fastening bolt installation hole 304) respectively, and are used to install the cotter pin 2 to prevent the fastening bolt 1 from rotating.

[0118] In the present invention, in specific implementation, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 can be processed from a steel plate. The outer dimensions of the outer anti-loosening plate are processed according to the outer dimension distance of the fastening bolt installation position, and the inner hole with a tooth shape is processed at the corresponding position of the steel plate according to the bolt installation position. The major diameter and minor diameter of the inner hole of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 are the same as the matching dimensions of the major diameter and minor diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate. According to the size of the inner anti-loosening plate 3, the size of the inner hole of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 and the major diameter, minor diameter and number of teeth of the tooth shape are determined, and the number of teeth of the inner and outer anti-loosening plates are matched to limit the rotational movement of the inner fixing plate.

[0119] Based on the anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention, the present invention further provides a switch machine cylinder, which includes a cylinder housing 10;

[0120] A front cylinder seat 11 and a rear cylinder seat 12 are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the cylinder housing 10;

[0121] The front cylinder seat 11 is provided with the anti-loosening mechanism as described above. Specifically, an anti-loosening mechanism is provided at the left and right ends of the front cylinder seat 11 respectively;

[0122] The anti-loosening mechanism is used to fix the front cylinder seat 11 and the external mounting platform (such as the switch machine bottom shell to which the switch machine cylinder needs to be installed) on which the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder (as a fixed part) is to be installed.

[0123] In the present invention, in a specific implementation, two mounting through holes are vertically penetrated at both left and right ends of the fixed part (such as the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder);

[0124] The external mounting platform (e.g., the switch machine bottom shell to which the switch machine cylinder needs to be mounted) is provided with threaded mounting holes at positions corresponding to each mounting through hole;

[0125] The two fastening bolts 1 in the anti-loosening mechanism are threadedly fixedly connected with two threaded mounting holes at corresponding positions after passing through the two mounting through holes.

[0126] Based on the anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention, the present invention further provides a switch machine, which includes the anti-loosening mechanism as described above.

[0127] It should be noted that, for the switch machine, the anti-loosening mechanism is used to fix the fixed part of the switch machine (such as the front cylinder seat of the switch machine cylinder) to the external mounting platform where the fixed part is to be installed (such as the switch machine bottom shell where the switch machine cylinder needs to be installed) to achieve an anti-loosening effect.

[0128] It should be noted that the rear cylinder seat 12 of the switch machine cylinder can adopt other mature anti-loosening designs in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0129] In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the working principle of the present invention is described below.

[0130] For the anti-loosening mechanism provided by the present invention, when installing, first, place the spring washer 5 on the fastening bolt 1 (i.e., the bolt with a hole on the hexagonal head), and fasten it to the fixed part (e.g., the front cylinder seat 11 of the switch machine cylinder), without considering the direction of the hexagonal head (i.e., the nut) of the fastening bolt after fastening;

[0131] Then, place the inner hole 401 of the outer plate of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 on the upper outer side of the fastening bolt 1, and then install the inner anti-loosening plate 3. During installation, the inner anti-loosening plate limiting tooth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 is placed in the neutral (gap) position between the two teeth on the outer anti-loosening plate 4 (that is, the two adjacent outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403). At this time, the opening pin mounting hole 102 of the fastening bolt 1 corresponds to the open pin mounting groove 303 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3, install the open pin 2 at this position, and split the open end of the open pin 2.

[0132] Then, after the installation is completed, under the condition of external vibration, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 will have a tendency to move in the vertical direction. Since the cotter pin 2 is passed through the fastening bolt 1, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the outer anti-loosening plate 4 cannot move upward. The cotter pin 2 is pressed on the cotter pin installation groove 303, and the inner anti-loosening plate 3 cannot move upward. At the same time, the vertical limiting surface 3013 at the bottom of the first limiting tooth 3011 and the second limiting tooth 3012 is pressed on the outer anti-loosening plate 4, limiting the vertical movement of the outer anti-loosening plate 4, so that the anti-loosening mechanism of the present invention will not fall off from the fastening bolt 1 during vibration.

[0133] In addition, during vibration, if the fastening bolt 1 tends to loosen, the spring washer 5 will be deformed at the beginning, and due to the combination of the six hexagonal anti-loosening surfaces 101 on the nut 104 and the hexagonal limiting surfaces 3040 on the fastening bolt mounting hole 304, the nut 104 will drive the inner anti-loosening plate 3 to rotate. At the same time, because the inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 302 on the inner anti-loosening plate 3 are engaged with the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth 403 on the outer anti-loosening plate 4, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 drives the outer anti-loosening plate 4 to rotate. Because the outer anti-loosening plate 4 is simultaneously mounted on the two fastening bolts 1, the outer anti-loosening plate 4 cannot rotate, and at the same time, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 and the fastening bolt 1 cannot rotate, thereby realizing the simultaneous anti-loosening function of the two fastening bolts.

[0134] Compared with the prior art, the anti-loosening mechanism, switch machine cylinder and switch machine provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0135] 1. The present invention retains the anti-loosening function of the spring washer commonly used in the machinery industry, and adds a layer of mechanical anti-loosening mechanism on the outside, thereby strengthening the anti-loosening ability and having a stronger anti-loosening effect.

[0136] 2. For the present invention, the inner anti-loosening plate and the outer anti-loosening plate are matched with each other by using the tooth surfaces. According to the angle of the teeth, the reserved space, and the gap between the hexagonal hole in the inner anti-loosening plate (i.e., the fastening bolt mounting hole 304) and the nut 104 at the head of the fastening bolt 1, the inner anti-loosening plate 3 can be installed into the inner hole 404 of the outer anti-loosening plate 4 at any angle.

[0137] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-loosening mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises an outer anti-loosening plate (4), an inner anti-loosening plate (3), a fastening bolt (1), a cotter pin (2) and a spring washer (5); An inner anti-loosening plate (3) is respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate (4); The center position of each inner anti-loosening plate (3) is provided with the top of a vertically distributed fastening bolt (1); A split pin (2) is horizontally provided on the top of the fastening bolt (1) and the inner anti-loosening plate (3); A spring washer (5) is sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod (103) of the fastening bolt (1); A fastening bolt (1) is used to securely connect the externally fixed component and the external mounting platform on which the fixed component is to be mounted; The spring washer (5) is located between the fastening bolt (1) and the mounting surface of the fixed component.

2. The anti-loosening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fastening bolt (1), comprising a vertically distributed screw rod (103) and a nut (104); The nut (104) is disposed on the top of the screw (103); Six hexagonal anti-loosening surfaces (101) are arranged around the nut (104); Two cotter pin mounting holes (102) are horizontally penetrated on the nut (104).

3. The anti-loosening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner anti-loosening plate (3), comprising a hollow inner anti-loosening plate body (300); A fastening bolt installation hole (304) is vertically penetrated inside the inner anti-loosening plate body (300); The side walls surrounding the fastening bolt installation hole (304) are six hexagonal limiting surfaces (3040) distributed around the fastening bolt installation hole (304); A nut (104) for the fastening bolt (1) is arranged in the fastening bolt installation hole (304); Two sets of vertical limiting tooth assemblies (301) are arranged at intervals on the outer side walls around the inner anti-loosening plate body (300); A plurality of inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (302) arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the inner anti-loosening plate body (300) between the two sets of vertical limiting tooth assemblies (301).

4. The anti-loosening mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A reserved gap J is provided between the hexagonal limiting surface (3040) of the fastening bolt mounting hole (304) of the inner anti-loosening plate (3) and the hexagonal head anti-loosening surface (101) of the nut (104) of the fastening bolt (1).

5. The anti-loosening mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spring washer (5) is arranged inside the fastening bolt mounting hole (304) of the inner anti-loosening plate (3) and is located on the circumferential outer side of the upper part of the screw rod (103) of the fastening bolt (1); and / or, A spring washer (5) is located in the gap between the screw rod (103) and the fastening bolt mounting hole (304); and / or, Two sets of vertical limit tooth assemblies (301) are rotationally symmetrically distributed; Each set of vertical limiting teeth assembly (301) comprises a first limiting tooth (3011) and a second limiting tooth (3012); The cross-sectional area of ​​the first limiting tooth (3011) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second limiting tooth (3012); The bottom surfaces of the first limiting tooth (3011) and the second limiting tooth (3012) are vertical limiting surfaces (3013); The vertical limiting surface (3013) at the bottom of the vertical limiting tooth assembly (301) is pressed against the upper surface of the outer anti-loosening plate (4); and / or, Two split pin installation grooves (303) are horizontally provided on the upper part of the inner anti-loosening plate body (300); The two cotter pin mounting grooves (303) are rotationally symmetrically distributed; When the nut (104) of the fastening bolt (1) is located in the fastening bolt mounting hole (304), the two cotter pin mounting grooves (303) are arranged correspondingly to the two open pin mounting holes (102) on the fastening bolt (1); The cotter pin (2) horizontally passes through a cotter pin installation groove (303) on the inner anti-loosening plate body (300), and a cotter pin installation hole (102) on the nut (104) of the fastening bolt (1) corresponding to the position of the cotter pin installation groove (303); and / or, The included angles between the center lines of any two adjacent inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (302) are equal; and / or, The length of the cotter pin (2) is greater than the outer diameter of the inner anti-loosening plate (3).

6. The anti-loosening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external anti-loosening plate (4), comprising an external anti-loosening plate body (400); The front and rear ends of the outer anti-loosening plate body (400) are respectively provided with an outer plate inner hole (401) penetrating vertically; The two outer plate inner holes (401) of the outer anti-loosening plate (4) are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the two inner anti-loosening plates (3); The inner side wall of each outer plate inner hole (401) is surrounded by a plurality of outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (403) arranged at equal intervals.

7. The anti-loosening mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (302) on the inner anti-loosening plate (3) are located in the gap between two adjacent outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (403) on the outer anti-loosening plate (4); The inner anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (302) on the inner anti-loosening plate (3) are meshed with the outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (403) on the outer anti-loosening plate (4).

8. The anti-loosening mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tooth shapes of the first limiting teeth (3011) and the second limiting teeth (3012) of the vertical limiting teeth assembly (301) on the inner anti-loosening plate (3) both cover the tooth shapes of the two outer anti-loosening plate limiting teeth (403).

9. A switch machine cylinder, characterized in that: It includes a cylinder housing (10); A front cylinder seat (11) and a rear cylinder seat (12) are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the cylinder housing (10); The front cylinder seat (11) is provided with an anti-loosening mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A switch machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises an anti-loosening mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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