Semen armeniacae amarae wastewater treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bitter apricot kernel wastewater treatment device and method.The device comprises an equipment shell, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on the equipment shell, and a wastewater treatment assembly communicated with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe is arranged in the equipment shell; the wastewater treatment assembly comprises a plurality of groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks which are connected in series, apricot shells are filled in the apricot shell adsorption tanks and are used as adsorbents, the apricot shells adsorbing hydrocyanic acid are subjected to carbonization treatment, and the hydrocyanic acid is destroyed in the carbonization treatment process and forms a part of pyroligneous liquor; the hydrofluoric acid on-line detector is arranged at the downstream of the apricot shell adsorption tank and is used for detecting the content of hydrofluoric acid in the treated wastewater; the control valve group is connected to the water inlet pipelines and the water outlet pipelines of the apricot shell adsorption tanks and controls the working states of the multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks, the device is efficient in use, easy to operate, low in maintenance cost, safe and reliable, hydrofluoric acid is eliminated in the carbonization process, waste water is recycled, and water resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment in deep processing of agricultural products, and particularly relates to a bitter almond wastewater treatment device and method. Background Art

[0002] Amygdalin is a natural product composed of aromatic cyanogenic glycosides derived from amino acids. Its molecular formula is C 20 H 27 NO 11 It is composed of one HCN, one benzaldehyde and two C6H 12 O6 molecules, and there are D- and L-type amygdalin. Natural amygdalin is D-type amygdalin, which is mostly found in the seeds and kernels of drupes such as peaches and sweet almonds. Modern medical research shows that bitter almonds have high medicinal value. On the one hand, it has the effects of moistening the lungs, relieving coughs, and reducing phlegm; at the same time, it has also been found to have a strong anti-cancer effect, which can effectively kill tumor cells and inhibit their proliferation. The reason why amygdalin has such an effect is mainly because it is very unstable. Under the influence of acid or some enzymes in the human intestine, it is easy to undergo hydrolysis reactions to generate various substances such as benzaldehyde, glucose, and hydrocyanic acid.

[0003] If the human body ingests excessive amounts of hydrocyanic acid, it will lead to poisoning. Mild symptoms include dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. Severe cases may even cause cardiac arrest and ultimately death. The content of amygdalin in bitter almonds of different varieties or origins is different, but the lethal dose of hydrocyanic acid is 0.5-3.5 mg / kg. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of almond products, they must be processed and detoxified. The commonly used detoxification method in industrialization is boiling, which produces a large amount of wastewater. Wastewater treatment has become the middle link in the detoxification of bitter almonds.

[0004] The treatment methods of bitter almond wastewater mainly include physical method, chemical method and biochemical method.

[0005] Physical method: This method involves flotation, filtration, sedimentation, centrifugation and extrusion techniques. For example, flotation can be used to remove suspended matter from wastewater.

[0006] Chemical methods: including neutralization, oxidation-reduction, electrolysis, extraction, adsorption, reverse osmosis, etc. For example, calcium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH of the wastewater to 7-8, and then aeration and stripping treatment is performed to remove hydrocyanic acid.

[0007] Biochemical method: This method covers a variety of methods such as activated sludge method, contact oxidation method, biofilm method and oxidation pond. For example, wastewater is introduced into UASB reactor for anaerobic treatment, followed by biodegradation, including hydrolysis, precipitation, aerobic treatment and other steps.

[0008] These methods either have complicated processes or high production costs and long processing times.

[0009] Therefore, how to provide a device and method for treating wastewater containing hydrocyanic acid produced in the process of debittering bitter almonds that is efficient, easy to operate, low in maintenance cost, safe and reliable is an urgent problem to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention provides a bitter almond wastewater treatment device and method, which are used for treating wastewater containing hydrocyanic acid generated in the debittering of bitter almonds. Apricot shells are used as activated carbon to efficiently remove organic matter and some inorganic substances in the sewage to achieve sewage purification. The present invention is efficient, easy to operate, low in maintenance cost, and safe and reliable.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a bitter almond wastewater treatment device, comprising:

[0012] An equipment housing, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are respectively arranged on the equipment housing, and a wastewater treatment component connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe is arranged inside the equipment housing;

[0013] The wastewater treatment component comprises a plurality of groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks connected in series, wherein the apricot shell adsorption tanks are filled with apricot shells and used as adsorbents, and the apricot shells adsorbed with hydrocyanic acid are carbonized, and during the carbonization process, the hydrocyanic acid is destroyed and forms part of the wood vinegar;

[0014] A hydrofluoric acid online detector, which is installed downstream of the apricot shell adsorption tank and detects the content of hydrofluoric acid in the treated wastewater;

[0015] A control valve group is connected to a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline of the apricot shell adsorption tank and controls the working state of multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks.

[0016] The technical effect of the present invention is: the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe refer to the pipeline before entering the wastewater treatment component and the pipeline for the treated wastewater to be discharged. The core lies in the treatment of wastewater by the wastewater treatment component, the purpose is to reduce the hydrofluoric acid content in the bitter almond wastewater, so that the wastewater discharge meets the standards. The present invention uses multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks to achieve efficient adsorption of organic matter and some inorganic substances in the wastewater. The treated wastewater can be reused to save water resources, and the apricot shells adsorbed with hydrocyanic acid are used to make activated carbon. During the carbonization process, hydrocyanic acid is dehydrogenated and becomes part of wood vinegar, and trace amounts of N elements become ammonia ammonium salts and also enter the wood vinegar. In addition, the generated activated carbon can also be sold as a new commodity, which has a wide range of application prospects.

[0017] Preferably, the water inlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is expanded, the water outlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is contracted, the water outlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with an automatic water quality monitor, the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a grid near the water outlet end to separate the apricot shell from the wastewater, and the hydrofluoric acid online detector is installed on the water outlet pipe of the apricot shell adsorption tank.

[0018] The resulting technical effect is that the water inlet and outlet processes of the apricot shell adsorption tank are affected by the expansion of the inlet end and the contraction of the outlet end, which changes the flow rate, making it possible to effectively realize online detection of the hydrocyanic acid content in the treated water in the early stage of wastewater treatment, thereby predicting the adsorption capacity of this batch of apricot shells. The automatic water quality monitor obtains detection information based on radio frequency technology, and the detection is accurate.

[0019] Preferably, the wastewater inlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is located at the bottom side, and the treated water outlet end is located at the top side to realize the upward flow treatment process of the treated water.

[0020] The resulting technical effect is: when passing through the apricot shell adsorption tank, the upward flow of treated water can effectively inhibit suspended particles in the water, and has a high removal capacity for turbidity and color in sewage. In addition, the upward flow filtration has good denitrification performance and does not require "nitrogen drive" equipment. It can make the filtration speed faster, the head loss lower, the operation and management easier, and there will be no falling-type oxygenation, which can save carbon sources.

[0021] The resulting technical effect is that the apricot shell adsorption tank is a single-layer tank or a multi-layer tank. In the single-layer tank state, the two ends of the apricot shell adsorption tank are respectively detachably connected with an apricot shell inlet cover and an apricot shell outlet cover, and the edge of one end of the bottom and the edge of the other end of the top of the apricot shell adsorption tank are respectively provided with a wastewater inlet and a treated wastewater outlet; in the multi-layer tank state, a partition is provided inside the apricot shell adsorption tank and the tank body is divided into two apricot shell cavities, the bottom wastewater inlet of the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a pipeline conversion valve connecting the two apricot shell cavities, the top of the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with an apricot shell inlet cover, the apricot shell inlet cover is respectively provided with a treated wastewater outlet corresponding to the two apricot shell cavities, and the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with an apricot shell outlet cover corresponding to the two apricot shell cavities.

[0022] The resulting technical effect is: no matter it is a single-layer tank or a multi-layer tank, when in use, it is necessary to ensure the upward flow of treated water. Of course, the advantage of a multi-layer tank is that the shell can be replaced without stopping the machine. In this state, when the shell is replaced, the shell adsorbent is inserted into the shell outlet cover to ensure the continuity of equipment use. Whether to use a multi-layer tank or a single-layer tank can be selected according to usage needs.

[0023] Preferably, the apricot shell adsorption tank includes a first apricot shell adsorption tank, a second apricot shell adsorption tank, a third apricot shell adsorption tank, a fourth apricot shell adsorption tank and a fifth apricot shell adsorption tank, the first apricot shell adsorption tank, the second apricot shell adsorption tank, the third apricot shell adsorption tank, the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank and the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank are connected in series through a pipeline, the second apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a first bypass wastewater inlet, the second apricot shell adsorption tank is connected to the water inlet pipe through the first bypass wastewater inlet, the third apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a second bypass wastewater inlet, the third apricot shell adsorption tank is connected to the water inlet pipe through the second bypass wastewater inlet, the third apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a first treated wastewater pipeline connected to the outlet pipe, the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a second treated wastewater pipeline connected to the outlet pipe, the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a third treated wastewater pipeline connected to the outlet pipe, and the first treated wastewater pipeline, the second treated wastewater pipeline and the third treated wastewater pipeline are respectively connected to a hydrofluoric acid online detector.

[0024] Preferably, a first control valve is installed on the pipeline between the water inlet end of the first apricot shell adsorption tank and the water inlet pipe, a second control valve is connected to the pipeline between the first bypass wastewater inlet and the water inlet pipe, a third control valve is connected to the pipeline between the second bypass wastewater inlet and the water inlet pipe, a fourth control valve is connected to the first treated wastewater pipeline, a fifth control valve is connected to the second treated wastewater pipeline, and a sixth control valve is connected to the third treated wastewater pipeline. The first apricot shell adsorption tank, the second apricot shell adsorption tank, the third apricot shell adsorption tank and the first treated wastewater pipeline constitute a first treated water circuit; the second apricot shell adsorption tank, the third apricot shell adsorption tank, the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank and the second treated wastewater pipeline constitute a second treated water circuit; the third apricot shell adsorption tank, the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank, the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank and the third treated wastewater pipeline constitute a third treated water circuit.

[0025] The technical effect produced by this is: the multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks in the present invention work as a group of three tanks during specific operation. The device is provided with multiple treatment water channels, and the treatment water channels can be selected for use, thereby facilitating the replacement of apricot shells inside other adsorption tanks. In specific implementation, when the first treatment water channel fails, the second treatment water channel is replaced, and when the second treatment water channel fails, the third treatment water channel is replaced. At the same time, the apricot shells of the idle adsorption tanks can be replaced, which is convenient for the entire water treatment process.

[0026] The present invention also discloses a wastewater treatment method using the bitter almond wastewater treatment device, which comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Connect multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks in the wastewater treatment assembly, establish a connecting pipeline relationship with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, install a hydrofluoric acid online detector and a control valve group, and detect the electrical connection relationship of the electronic components;

[0028] Step 2: Crush the broken almond shells into particles of 0.5-1.2 mm and put them into the almond shell adsorption tank;

[0029] Step 3: The wastewater from the debittering of bitter almonds is fed into the water inlet pipe at a speed of 0.10-0.15 m / s. The wastewater in the water inlet pipe passes through the wastewater treatment component and is discharged from the water outlet pipe. The hydrofluoric acid in the wastewater is adsorbed by the almond shell.

[0030] Step 4: The adsorption state of the apricot shell in the apricot shell adsorption tank is determined by a hydrofluoric acid online detection sensor. When the apricot shell is saturated with adsorption, the saturated apricot shell is taken out and sent to a charcoal furnace for carbonization treatment. During the carbonization treatment, hydrocyanic acid is destroyed, thereby avoiding the pollution of hydrocyanic acid to the environment. The process molecular formula is:

[0031]

[0032] The adsorption-saturated apricot shell is carbonized at high temperature, and the hydrocyanic acid is dehydrogenated to become a part of the wood vinegar. The trace amount of N element is converted into ammonium ammonia salt and enters the wood vinegar. The wastewater treated by the wastewater treatment component can be reused.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: apricot shells are used as adsorbents to adsorb and remove organic matter and some inorganic substances in sewage to achieve adsorption and purification of sewage, and the adsorption-saturated apricot shells can remove toxic substances during the carbonization process, and the generated activated carbon can be used for other needs, thereby making full use of resources, recycling wastewater, and saving water resources.

[0034] Preferably, the apricot shells in step 2 are bitter almond shells, and the bitter almond shells are used as activated carbon adsorbents to adsorb the wastewater. The bitter almond shells are put into a net bag and placed in an apricot shell adsorption tank.

[0035] The technical effect produced thereby is that the bitter almond shells can be put into a net bag and then placed in an almond shell adsorption tank, so as to facilitate the replacement and treatment of the bitter almond shells in the later stage.

[0036] Preferably, in the step three, in the apricot shell adsorption tank, the ratio of apricot shell to wastewater is 1:2, and the treatment time of the wastewater in the wastewater treatment component is 5 minutes.

[0037] The resulting technical effect is: through the Prussian blue reaction, the hydrocyanic acid in the wastewater is displayed in the form of color. Different contents of hydrocyanic acid in the wastewater will display different colors. Then the color is measured by a colorimeter. The lightest color has the best effect. The best time for wastewater treatment is determined, and finally the equipment is designed according to the test results. The test results show that when the ratio of bitter almond shell to wastewater is 1:2 and the treatment time is 5 minutes, the treatment effect is the best.

[0038] Preferably, in step 4, the detection critical value of the hydrofluoric acid online detector is 1 ug / L. When it is greater than the detection critical value, the treatment water circuit needs to be replaced and the idle adsorption saturated apricot shells need to be taken out for carbonization.

[0039] The resulting technical effect is: when the hydrofluoric acid in a certain treatment water channel exceeds the critical value, it is necessary to replace another treatment water channel. Specifically, the water channel state is controlled by the control valve group, and then the apricot shells in the idle apricot shell adsorption tank are replaced, and the replaced apricot shells are carbonized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The main body of a bitter almond wastewater treatment device of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the layout of wastewater treatment components of a bitter almond wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the wastewater treatment process of a bitter almond wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection between adjacent adsorption tanks of a bitter almond wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is an almond shell adsorption tank structure 1 of a bitter almond wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is structure 2 of an almond shell adsorption tank of a bitter almond wastewater treatment device of the present invention.

[0046] 1 equipment shell, 2 water inlet pipe, 3 water outlet pipe, 4 wastewater treatment component, 41 first apricot shell adsorption tank, 42 ​​second apricot shell adsorption tank, 43 third apricot shell adsorption tank, 44 fourth apricot shell adsorption tank, 45 fifth apricot shell adsorption tank, 46 first bypass wastewater inlet, 47 second bypass wastewater inlet, 48 first treated wastewater pipeline, 49 second treated wastewater pipeline, 410 third treated wastewater pipeline, 411 apricot shell inlet cover, 412 apricot shell outlet cover, 413 wastewater inlet, 414 treated wastewater outlet, 415 pipeline conversion valve, 5 hydrofluoric acid online detector, 6 control valve group, 61 first control valve, 62 second control valve, 63 third control valve, 64 fourth control valve, 65 fifth control valve, 66 sixth control valve, 7 apricot shell, 8 charcoal furnace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] See the attached Figures 1 to 6 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a bitter almond wastewater treatment device comprises:

[0049] An equipment housing 1, on which a water inlet pipe 2 and a water outlet pipe 3 are respectively arranged, and inside the equipment housing 1 a wastewater treatment component 4 connected with the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 is arranged;

[0050] The wastewater treatment component 4 includes five groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks connected in series, the interior of the apricot shell adsorption tank is filled with apricot shells 7 and used as an adsorbent, and the apricot shells adsorbed with hydrocyanic acid are carbonized, and the hydrocyanic acid is destroyed during the carbonization process and forms part of the wood vinegar;

[0051] The material of the apricot shell adsorption tank should be corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and will not have adverse effects on the sewage treatment process, such as stainless steel or polymer composite materials;

[0052] In this case, the tank body can be made of FRP. The FRP lining is based on unsaturated polyester or vinyl resin and glass fiber, and a new type of resin with good corrosion resistance is coated on its outer surface. It has good overall corrosion resistance, high strength, good impermeability and good toughness.

[0053] A hydrofluoric acid online detector 5, which is installed on the downstream pipeline of the apricot shell adsorption tank and detects the content of hydrofluoric acid in the treated wastewater, so as to judge the use status of the apricot shell adsorption tank;

[0054] The control valve group 6 is connected to the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline of the apricot shell adsorption tank and controls the working state of multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks.

[0055] In other embodiments, the water inlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is expanded to extend the action time of the apricot shell adsorption tank on the wastewater, and the water outlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is contracted to change the flow rate of the treated water, so as to facilitate the cooperation with the hydrofluoric acid online detector to detect the content of hydrofluoric acid in the treated water. The water outlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a grille that separates the apricot shell from the wastewater, and the grille includes a flat grille and a three-dimensional grille. The hydrofluoric acid online detector 5 is installed at the water outlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank.

[0056] It should be noted that the grille is mainly composed of bars, frames, brackets, etc. The flat grille is mainly used to intercept large particles and suspended matter, while the three-dimensional grille is mainly used to intercept fine particles and suspended particles, and at the same time can reduce the coverage of the grille.

[0057] The choice of resin raw materials for sewage treatment gratings should be determined by the specific application. For example, if it is used in highly corrosive places such as chemical industry, sewage treatment and offshore platforms, the vinyl resin with strong corrosion resistance should be selected; adding calcium powder or aluminum powder can play a fireproof role, and the grating made is bright in color, high in transparency and good in toughness; in addition, carbon steel, stainless steel, fiberglass and other materials can also be selected.

[0058] In other embodiments, the wastewater inlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is located at the bottom side, and the treated water outlet end is located at the top side to realize an upward flow treatment process of the treated water.

[0059] The upward flow filtration method can effectively suppress suspended particles in the water and has a high removal capacity for turbidity and color in sewage. In addition, the upward flow filtration method can make the filtration speed faster, the head loss lower, the operation and management easier, and there will be no falling oxygenation. Compared with the conventional downward flow deep bed filter, it can save 20-30% of carbon source.

[0060] In other specific embodiments, the apricot shell adsorption tank is a single-layer tank or a multi-layer tank. In the single-layer tank state, the two ends of the apricot shell adsorption tank are respectively detachably connected with an apricot shell inlet cover 411 and an apricot shell outlet cover 412, and a wastewater inlet 413 and a treated wastewater outlet 414 are respectively arranged at the edge of one end of the bottom and the edge of the other end of the top of the apricot shell adsorption tank; in the multi-layer tank state, a partition is arranged inside the apricot shell adsorption tank and the tank body is divided into two apricot shell cavities, a pipeline conversion valve 415 connecting the two apricot shell cavities is arranged at the bottom wastewater inlet of the apricot shell adsorption tank, an apricot shell inlet cover 411 is arranged on the top of the apricot shell adsorption tank, and the apricot shell inlet cover 411 is respectively provided with a treated wastewater outlet 414 corresponding to the two apricot shell cavities, and the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with an apricot shell outlet cover 412 corresponding to the two apricot shell cavities, and the specific selection is based on actual needs.

[0061] It should be noted that the advantage of the multi-layer tank is that there is no need to stop the machine when replacing the shell, which can ensure the operation status all the way without affecting the water treatment process.

[0062] In some other embodiments, the apricot shell adsorption tank includes a first apricot shell adsorption tank 41, a second apricot shell adsorption tank 42, a third apricot shell adsorption tank 43, a fourth apricot shell adsorption tank 44 and a fifth apricot shell adsorption tank 45, the first apricot shell adsorption tank 41, the second apricot shell adsorption tank 42, the third apricot shell adsorption tank 43, the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank 44 and the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank 45 are connected in series through a pipeline, the second apricot shell adsorption tank 42 is provided with a first bypass wastewater inlet 46, the second apricot shell adsorption tank 42 is connected to the water inlet pipe 2 through the first bypass wastewater inlet 46, and the third apricot shell adsorption tank 43 is connected in series with the water inlet pipe 2. A second bypass wastewater inlet 47 is provided on the tank, and the third apricot shell adsorption tank 43 is connected to the water inlet pipe 2 through the second bypass wastewater inlet 47. The third apricot shell adsorption tank 43 is provided with a first treated wastewater pipeline 48 connected to the outlet pipe 3. The fourth apricot shell adsorption tank 44 is provided with a second treated wastewater pipeline 49 connected to the outlet pipe 3. The fifth apricot shell adsorption tank 45 is provided with a third treated wastewater pipeline 410 connected to the outlet pipe 3. The first treated wastewater pipeline 48, the second treated wastewater pipeline 49 and the third treated wastewater pipeline 410 are respectively connected to a hydrofluoric acid online detector 5.

[0063] For the convenience of control, a first control valve 61 is installed on the pipeline between the water inlet end of the first apricot shell adsorption tank 41 and the water inlet pipe, a second control valve 62 is connected to the pipeline between the first bypass wastewater inlet 46 and the water inlet pipe, a third control valve 63 is connected to the pipeline between the second bypass wastewater inlet 47 and the water inlet pipe 2, a fourth control valve 64 is connected to the first treated wastewater pipeline 48, a fifth control valve 65 is connected to the second treated wastewater pipeline 49, and a fifth control valve 66 is connected to the third treated wastewater pipeline 410. It is connected to the sixth control valve 66, and the first apricot shell adsorption tank 41, the second apricot shell adsorption tank 42, the third apricot shell adsorption tank 43 and the first treated wastewater pipeline 48 constitute the first treated water circuit; the second apricot shell adsorption tank 42, the third apricot shell adsorption tank 43, the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank 44 and the second treated wastewater pipeline 49 constitute the second treated water circuit; the third apricot shell adsorption tank 43, the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank 44, the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank 45 and the third treated wastewater pipeline 410 constitute the third treated water circuit.

[0064] It is understandable that the wastewater treatment route includes a first treatment waterway consisting of a first apricot shell adsorption tank 41, a second apricot shell adsorption tank 42, a third apricot shell adsorption tank 43 and a first treatment wastewater pipeline 48, a second treatment waterway consisting of a second apricot shell adsorption tank 42, a third apricot shell adsorption tank 43, a fourth apricot shell adsorption tank 44 and a second treatment wastewater pipeline 49, and a third treatment waterway consisting of a third apricot shell adsorption tank 43, a fourth apricot shell adsorption tank 44, a fifth apricot shell adsorption tank 45 and a third treatment wastewater pipeline 410. When the first apricot shell adsorption tank 41 fails, it is changed to the second treatment waterway, and the apricot shells in the idle first apricot shell adsorption tank are taken out for carbonization treatment. When the second apricot shell adsorption tank 42 fails, it is changed to the third treatment waterway, and the apricot shells in the second apricot shell adsorption tank are taken out for carbonization treatment. Highly toxic substances are eliminated during the preparation of activated carbon. Wastewater can be reused, saving water resources.

[0065] The specific failure status is obtained by the hydrofluoric acid online detector in the line.

[0066] In order to obtain the water quality information of treated water, an automatic water quality monitor is installed at the water outlet of the apricot shell adsorption tank, and the information of the automatic water quality monitor can be obtained based on RFID technology. During the specific implementation, a water quality monitor based on RFID technology is used in conjunction, which organically integrates radio frequency identification technology and Internet of Things technology to realize an electronic tag that can be used for sampling in a water environment, thereby improving the accuracy of water sample detection and obtaining quality information of treated water.

[0067] The present invention also discloses a method for treating bitter almond wastewater, which uses the bitter almond wastewater treatment device and comprises the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: Connect multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks in the wastewater treatment assembly, establish a connecting pipeline relationship with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, install a hydrofluoric acid online detector and a control valve group, and detect the electrical connection relationship of the electronic components;

[0069] Step 2: Crush the broken almond shells into particles of 0.5-1.2 mm and put them into the almond shell adsorption tank;

[0070] Step 3: The wastewater from the debittering of bitter almonds is fed into the water inlet pipe at a speed of 0.10-0.15 m / s. The wastewater in the water inlet pipe passes through the wastewater treatment component and is discharged from the water outlet pipe. The hydrofluoric acid in the wastewater is adsorbed by the almond shell.

[0071] Step 4: The adsorption state of the apricot shell in the apricot shell adsorption tank is determined by a hydrofluoric acid online detection sensor. When the apricot shell is saturated with adsorption, the saturated apricot shell is taken out and sent to a charcoal furnace for carbonization treatment. During the carbonization treatment, hydrocyanic acid is destroyed, thereby avoiding the pollution of hydrocyanic acid to the environment. The process molecular formula is:

[0072]

[0073] The adsorption-saturated apricot shell is carbonized at high temperature, and the hydrocyanic acid is dehydrogenated to become a part of the wood vinegar. The trace amount of N element is converted into ammonium ammonia salt and enters the wood vinegar. The wastewater treated by the wastewater treatment component can be reused.

[0074] The apricot shells in step 2 are bitter almond shells, and the bitter almond shells are used as activated carbon adsorbents to adsorb wastewater. The bitter almond shells are put into a net bag and placed in an apricot shell adsorption tank.

[0075] In step three, in the apricot shell adsorption tank, the ratio of apricot shell to wastewater is 1:2, and the treatment time of wastewater in the wastewater treatment component is 5 minutes.

[0076] In step 4, the detection critical value of the hydrofluoric acid online detector is 1ug / L. When it is greater than the detection critical value, the treatment water circuit needs to be replaced, and the idle adsorption saturated apricot shells are taken out and carbonized in some specific embodiments.

[0077] Specifically, the first control valve 61 and the fourth control valve 64 are opened, and the other control valves are closed. In this state, the first treatment waterway is in working state, and wastewater enters and is discharged through the first treatment waterway; when the hydrocyanic acid detection at the first treatment wastewater pipeline 48 is greater than 1ug / L, the first control valve 61 and the fourth control valve 64 on the flow path are closed, the second control valve 62 and the fifth control valve 65 are opened, the second treatment waterway is started, and the apricot shells in the first apricot shell adsorption tank are replaced at the same time; when the hydrocyanic acid detection at the second treatment wastewater pipeline 49 is greater than 1ug / L, the second control valve 62 and the fifth control valve 65 are closed, the third control valve 63 and the sixth control valve 66 are opened, the third treatment waterway is started, and the apricot shells in the second apricot shell adsorption tank are replaced at the same time; when the hydrocyanic acid detection at the third treatment wastewater pipeline 410 is greater than 1ug / L, the first treatment waterway is started again, and the apricot shells in the last two groups of adsorption tanks are replaced. The next cycle is the same as the first cycle.

[0078] Of course, the third apricot shell adsorption tank used in a centralized manner is a multi-layer tank, so it does not affect the water treatment process.

[0079] The pipeline or connecting pipe involved in the present invention adopts PE pipe or PVC pipe with high strength, rigidity, corrosion resistance, aging resistance and high pressure resistance. Steel pipe can also be used, and the specific selection is based on the needs.

[0080] As for the device and the method of use disclosed in the embodiment, since they correspond to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method part.

[0081] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A bitter almond wastewater treatment device, characterized in that: include: An equipment housing (1), wherein a water inlet pipe (2) and a water outlet pipe (3) are respectively arranged on the equipment housing (1), and a wastewater treatment component (4) in communication with the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3) is arranged inside the equipment housing (1); The wastewater treatment component (4) comprises a plurality of groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks connected in series, wherein the apricot shell adsorption tanks are filled with apricot shells (7) and used as adsorbents, and the apricot shells adsorbed with hydrocyanic acid are carbonized, and during the carbonization process, the hydrocyanic acid is destroyed and forms part of the wood vinegar; A hydrofluoric acid online detector (5), which is installed downstream of the apricot shell adsorption tank and detects the content of hydrofluoric acid in the treated wastewater; A control valve group (6) is connected to the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline of the apricot shell adsorption tank and controls the working state of the plurality of groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks.

2. A bitter almond wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the apricot shell adsorption tank is expanded, the water outlet of the apricot shell adsorption tank is contracted, the water outlet of the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with an automatic water quality monitor, the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a grid near the water outlet to separate the apricot shell from the wastewater, and the hydrofluoric acid online detector (5) is installed on the water outlet pipeline of the apricot shell adsorption tank.

3. A bitter almond wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wastewater inlet end of the apricot shell adsorption tank is located at the bottom side, and the treated water discharge end is located at the top side to realize the upward flow treatment process of the treated water.

4. A bitter almond wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The apricot shell adsorption tank is a single-layer tank or a multi-layer tank. In the single-layer tank state, the two ends of the apricot shell adsorption tank are respectively detachably connected with an apricot shell inlet cover (411) and an apricot shell outlet cover (412). The edge of one end of the bottom and the edge of the other end of the top of the apricot shell adsorption tank are respectively provided with a wastewater inlet (413) and a treated wastewater outlet (414). In the multi-layer tank state, a partition is provided inside the apricot shell adsorption tank to divide the tank body into two apricot shell cavities. The bottom wastewater inlet of the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with a pipeline conversion valve (415) connecting the two apricot shell cavities. The top of the apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with an apricot shell inlet cover (411). The apricot shell inlet cover (412) is respectively provided with treated wastewater outlets (414) corresponding to the two apricot shell cavities. The apricot shell adsorption tank is provided with an apricot shell outlet cover (412) corresponding to the two apricot shell cavities.

5. A bitter almond wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apricot shell adsorption tank comprises a first apricot shell adsorption tank (41), a second apricot shell adsorption tank (42), a third apricot shell adsorption tank (43), a fourth apricot shell adsorption tank (44) and a fifth apricot shell adsorption tank (45); the first apricot shell adsorption tank (41), the second apricot shell adsorption tank (42), the third apricot shell adsorption tank (43), the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank (44) and the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank (45) are connected in series through a pipeline; the second apricot shell adsorption tank (42) is provided with a first bypass wastewater inlet (46); the second apricot shell adsorption tank (42) is connected to the water inlet pipe (2) through the first bypass wastewater inlet (46); the third apricot shell adsorption tank (43) is provided with a second bypass wastewater inlet (46); The third apricot shell adsorption tank (43) is connected to the water inlet (47) of the bypass wastewater, the third apricot shell adsorption tank (43) is connected to the water inlet (2) through the second bypass wastewater inlet (47), the third apricot shell adsorption tank (43) is provided with a first treated wastewater pipeline (48) connected to the water outlet pipe (3), the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank (44) is provided with a second treated wastewater pipeline (49) connected to the water outlet pipe (3), the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank (45) is provided with a third treated wastewater pipeline (410) connected to the water outlet pipe (3), and the first treated wastewater pipeline (48), the second treated wastewater pipeline (49) and the third treated wastewater pipeline (410) are respectively connected to a hydrofluoric acid online detector (5).

6. A bitter almond wastewater treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first control valve (61) is installed on the pipeline between the water inlet end of the first apricot shell adsorption tank (41) and the water inlet pipe, a second control valve (62) is connected to the pipeline between the first bypass wastewater inlet (46) and the water inlet pipe, a third control valve (63) is connected to the pipeline between the second bypass wastewater inlet (47) and the water inlet pipe (2), a fourth control valve (64) is connected to the first treated wastewater pipeline (48), a fifth control valve (65) is connected to the second treated wastewater pipeline (49), and a fifth control valve (66) is connected to the third treated wastewater pipeline (410). There is a sixth control valve (66); the first apricot shell adsorption tank (41), the second apricot shell adsorption tank (42), the third apricot shell adsorption tank (43) and the first treated wastewater pipeline (48) constitute a first treated water path; the second apricot shell adsorption tank (42), the third apricot shell adsorption tank (43), the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank (44) and the second treated wastewater pipeline (49) constitute a second treated water path; the third apricot shell adsorption tank (43), the fourth apricot shell adsorption tank (44), the fifth apricot shell adsorption tank (45) and the third treated wastewater pipeline (410) constitute a third treated water path.

7. A method for treating bitter almond wastewater, using the bitter almond wastewater treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Connect multiple groups of apricot shell adsorption tanks in the wastewater treatment assembly, establish a connecting pipeline relationship with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, install a hydrofluoric acid online detector and a control valve group, and detect the electrical connection relationship of the electronic components; Step 2: Crush the broken almond shells into particles of 0.5-1.2 mm and put them into the almond shell adsorption tank; Step 3: The wastewater from the debittering of bitter almonds is fed into the water inlet pipe at a speed of 0.10-0.15 m / s. The wastewater in the water inlet pipe passes through the wastewater treatment component and is discharged from the water outlet pipe. The hydrofluoric acid in the wastewater is adsorbed by the almond shell. Step 4: The adsorption state of the apricot shell in the apricot shell adsorption tank is determined by a hydrofluoric acid online detection sensor. When the apricot shell is saturated with adsorption, the saturated apricot shell is taken out and sent to a charcoal furnace for carbonization treatment. During the carbonization treatment, hydrocyanic acid is destroyed, thereby avoiding the pollution of hydrocyanic acid to the environment. The process molecular formula is: The adsorption-saturated apricot shell is carbonized at high temperature, and the hydrocyanic acid is dehydrogenated to become a part of the wood vinegar. The trace amount of N element is converted into ammonium ammonia salt and enters the wood vinegar. The wastewater treated by the wastewater treatment component can be reused.

8. A method for treating bitter almond wastewater according to claim 7, characterized in that: The apricot shells in step 2 are bitter almond shells, and the bitter almond shells are used as activated carbon adsorbents to adsorb wastewater. The bitter almond shells are put into a net bag and placed in an apricot shell adsorption tank.

9. The method for treating bitter almond wastewater according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step three, in the apricot shell adsorption tank, the ratio of apricot shell to wastewater is 1:2, and the treatment time of the wastewater in the wastewater treatment component is 5 minutes.

10. The method for treating bitter almond wastewater according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 4, the critical value of the hydrofluoric acid online detector is 1ug / L. When it is greater than the critical value, the treatment water circuit needs to be replaced and the idle adsorption saturated apricot shells need to be taken out for carbonization.

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