A high-efficiency moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors and its preparation method.

Abstract

This invention discloses a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors and its preparation method. The modified collagen fiber web has both superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic structures. The superhydrophilic structure surface is closely attached to the modified lyocell fiber web, enabling the nonwoven fabric to possess both moisture-wicking and breathable capabilities as well as self-cleaning ability. Both materials utilize low shrinkage and porous materials, allowing the pore size of the nonwoven fabric to be maintained even at elevated temperatures, thus exhibiting resistance to temperature changes. This ensures the nonwoven fabric maintains excellent moisture-wicking, breathability, and self-cleaning properties even at elevated temperatures. Freeze-drying is used to treat the fibers, allowing moisture to directly sublimate from a solid to a gaseous state at low temperatures, eliminating moisture from the fibers and forming an aerogel structure. This reduces thermal stress caused by moisture evaporation and improves the performance of the porous structure, preventing thermal shrinkage upon heating, thereby maintaining the pore structure and moisture-wicking breathability of the nonwoven fabric at elevated temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of layered material technology, and more particularly to a method for preparing an animal-derived layered nonwoven fabric, and even more particularly to a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning automotive interior nonwoven fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of the automotive industry and the sustained growth in automobile production and sales, the demand for interior materials is also increasing. While pursuing vehicle performance, automakers are increasingly focusing on the comfort, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness of interior materials. Non-woven fabrics, as a lightweight, environmentally friendly, aesthetically pleasing, and cost-effective material, are gradually becoming an important choice for automotive interiors.

[0003] The sound-absorbing and water-absorbing properties of collagen fibers make them a potentially high-quality material for automotive interiors. Car interiors require sound-absorbing materials to reduce noise and improve driving and passenger comfort, and collagen fibers' sound-absorbing properties can meet this need. Simultaneously, their water absorption helps regulate humidity inside the car, creating a more comfortable environment. Collagen fibers are widely distributed in nature, making them readily available. They are widely distributed in various organs, and are most abundant in tissues such as skin, sclera, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, and blood vessels, making them suitable for producing biomass conversion materials.

[0004] Under direct sunlight, the interior temperature of a car can rise to 50°C to 80°C or even higher in a short period. The relative humidity in the air decreases under these high temperatures, potentially reducing the moisture absorption capacity of interior materials and hindering their ability to effectively absorb moisture or sweat. Excessive heat causes collagen fibers to immediately begin to shrink, and this shrinkage increases with further temperature increases, damaging the fiber structure and causing the collagen fibers to lose their water-absorbing properties. High temperatures may also affect the reactivity of photocatalytic materials. While temperature can promote certain chemical reactions, excessively high temperatures can lead to catalyst deactivation or unstable reactions, thus weakening the self-cleaning effect. Under high temperatures, dirt and impurities inside the car may adhere more easily to surfaces. If the superhydrophobic effect is insufficient or the coating is aged, dirt will accumulate and affect the appearance and hygiene of the interior.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing automotive interior nonwoven fabrics to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors and its preparation method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a method for preparing a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Collagen polyester composite fiber is made into collagen fiber web. After hydrophobic surface treatment on one side of the collagen fiber web, nano silica particles and nano titanium dioxide particles are sprayed on it. After hydrophilic surface treatment on the other side, nano zinc oxide particles are sprayed on it to obtain modified collagen fiber web. Collagen polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fiber and polyester fiber.

[0009] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, immerse the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1-2 hours, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web;

[0010] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web stacked on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web, and the side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web to obtain a multilayer fiber web.

[0011] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning non-woven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the collagen-polyester composite fiber in S1 is as follows: dissolving collagen fiber and polyester fiber to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution, performing wet spinning on the collagen-polyester composite solution to obtain collagen-polyester composite fiber, wherein the solvent of the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture obtained by mixing acetic acid and DMF at a concentration of 2%-5% in a ratio of 1:1-2:1.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio between the collagen fiber and the polyester fiber is 3:7-5:5, the collagen fiber is selected as type I collagen fiber, and the collagen fiber is hydrolyzed with pepsin before dissolution, wherein the mass ratio between the pepsin and the collagen fiber is 1:50-200.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun, the spun yarn is freeze-dried at a temperature of -85 to -60°C for 36-48 hours.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the nano-silica particles in S1 is 400-500 nm, the diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100-200 nm, and the diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 200-300 nm.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fineness of the collagen polyester composite fiber in S1 is 10-15D, and the mass ratio of the nano silica particles, the nano titanium dioxide particles, the nano zinc oxide particles and the collagen fiber network is 1:1-1.5:0.8-1.2:100-150.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alkaline solution in S2 is a sodium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is 10-15%.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the total mass of the modified collagen fiber web to the mass of the modified lyocell fiber web in step S3 is 1:2-2.6.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydroentangling process in S4 is selected from one of flat-net hydroentangling and rotary drum hydroentangling, and the water pressure of the hydroentangling process is 60-250 bar.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0021] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) This invention provides a method for preparing a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The modified collagen fiber web has a superhydrophobic structure and a superhydrophilic structure. The surface of the superhydrophilic structure is closely attached to the modified lyocell fiber web, so that the nonwoven fabric has both moisture-wicking and breathable capabilities and self-cleaning capabilities. Both use low-shrinkage and porous materials. Compared with the nonwoven fabric preparation methods in the prior art, this method can maintain the pore size of the nonwoven fabric when the temperature rises, thus maintaining the moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning properties of the nonwoven fabric. It also has the ability to resist temperature changes, so that the nonwoven fabric can have good moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning properties when the temperature rises. This solves the defect of the decline in moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning properties of automotive interior nonwoven fabrics caused by the rise in temperature in the prior art.

[0023] (2) In this invention, freeze drying is used to treat the fiber. The water directly sublimates from solid to gas at low temperature, eliminating the water in the fiber and forming an aerogel structure. Compared with the prior art, this reduces the thermal stress caused by water evaporation and improves the performance of the porous structure. It can avoid thermal shrinkage when heated, thus maintaining the pore structure and moisture absorption and breathability of the nonwoven fabric when the temperature rises.

[0024] (3) In this invention, the particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400-500nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100-200nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 200-300nm. The nanoparticles of various diameters form a multi-scale rough structure on the fiber surface. Compared with the prior art, this structure can enhance the superhydrophobic properties of the material, which is conducive to the formation of an air cushion layer, reducing the contact area between the liquid and the material surface, thereby ensuring self-cleaning performance. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method steps of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors includes the following steps:

[0030] S1: Collagen-polyester composite fibers are made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web undergoes a hydrophobic surface treatment, followed by spraying with nano-silica and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side undergoes a hydrophilic surface treatment, followed by spraying with nano-zinc oxide particles, resulting in a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by blending and spinning collagen and polyester fibers. Nano-silica and nano-titanium dioxide particles provide hydrophobicity, while nano-zinc oxide particles provide hydrophilicity. These nanoparticles maintain their surface properties at high temperatures, helping to maintain the moisture absorption, breathability, and self-cleaning properties of the nonwoven fabric. Collagen fibers are derived from biomass materials.

[0031] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1-2 hours, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the Lyocell fiber web is modified by soaking in an alkaline solution, which can increase the hydrophilicity of the fiber and improve its moisture absorption capacity at high temperature.

[0032] S3: The modified collagen fiber web from S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web from S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano-zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layered fiber web. The stacking of the modified collagen fiber web and the modified lyocell fiber web gives the nonwoven fabric a multi-layered structure, which helps improve its stability and performance at high temperatures. This arrangement allows the nonwoven fabric to absorb moisture from its surface into the modified lyocell fiber web, even under the significant difference in humidity coefficients between superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic properties.

[0033] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is processed through stretching, hydroentangling, and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The stretching process improves fiber orientation and alignment, the hydroentangling process fixes the fiber position, forming a stable nonwoven fabric structure, and the drying process helps to fix the final shape of the nonwoven fabric, helping to maintain the structure and properties of the nonwoven fabric at high temperatures.

[0034] The modified collagen fiber web possesses both superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic structures. The superhydrophilic surface adheres closely to the modified lyocell fiber web, enabling the nonwoven fabric to possess both moisture absorption and breathability as well as self-cleaning capabilities. Furthermore, the use of low-shrinkage and porous materials ensures that the pore size of the nonwoven fabric remains constant even at elevated temperatures, maintaining its moisture absorption, breathability, and self-cleaning properties. It also exhibits resistance to temperature changes, allowing the nonwoven fabric to maintain excellent moisture absorption, breathability, and self-cleaning properties even at elevated temperatures. This addresses the shortcomings of existing automotive interior nonwoven fabrics where moisture absorption, breathability, and self-cleaning properties decrease at elevated temperatures.

[0035] The preparation method of collagen polyester composite fiber in S1 is as follows: collagen fiber and polyester fiber are dissolved to obtain collagen polyester composite solution, and the collagen polyester composite solution is wet spun to obtain collagen polyester composite fiber. The solvent of collagen polyester composite solution is a mixture obtained by mixing acetic acid and DMF with a concentration of 2%-5% in a ratio of 1:1-2:1.

[0036] Using a solvent of 2%-5% acetic acid and DMF in a 1:1-2:1 ratio facilitates the mixing and dissolution of collagen and polyester fibers, forming a homogeneous collagen-polyester composite solution. This mixed solvent promotes uniform fiber spinning, resulting in a uniform fiber network in the nonwoven fabric, which helps maintain its moisture absorption and breathability.

[0037] The blend of collagen and polyester fibers provides excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. Collagen fibers offer biocompatibility and hydrophilicity, while polyester fibers provide strength and heat resistance. This composite material retains its structure and function at high temperatures, helping the nonwoven fabric maintain moisture absorption, breathability, and self-cleaning properties when heated.

[0038] Wet spinning is a method of fiber formation in a coagulation bath. This method allows the fibers to form specific structures during coagulation, which helps improve the strength and stability of the fibers. Wet-spun fibers have a certain moisture content. Post-spinning freeze-drying helps fix the fiber structure, removing moisture and forming an aerogel structure. The aerogel structure has a continuous nanoscale porous network with extremely low heat exchange efficiency when air flows through it, thus exhibiting excellent thermal insulation properties. The high porosity of the aerogel facilitates air circulation, improving the breathability of the nonwoven fabric and maintaining good air exchange even in high-temperature environments.

[0039] By using freeze-drying to treat fibers, moisture directly sublimates from solid to gas at low temperatures, avoiding the formation of liquid water, reducing thermal stress caused by moisture evaporation, and preventing thermal shrinkage when heated. This allows the nonwoven fabric to maintain its pore structure and moisture absorption and breathability even when the temperature rises.

[0040] The mass ratio of collagen fiber to polyester fiber is 3:7-5:5. Type I collagen fiber is selected. Before dissolving the collagen fiber, it is hydrolyzed with pepsin. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fiber is 1:50-200.

[0041] Using pepsin to hydrolyze collagen fibers can effectively break down large collagen molecules into smaller peptide chains or amino acids, exposing more carboxyl groups, amino groups, peptide bonds, etc., which can promote the binding ability between collagen and nanoparticles.

[0042] Type I collagen fibers are the most common type of collagen in the human body, possessing excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Using type I collagen fibers can improve the strength and durability of nonwoven fabrics. Polyester fibers have a high melting point and glass transition temperature; when mixed with collagen fibers, they can enhance the overall thermal stability of nonwoven fabrics, making them less prone to deformation when heated.

[0043] After wet spinning of the collagen-polyester composite solution, the spun yarn is freeze-dried at a temperature of -85 to -60°C for 36-48 hours. The low temperature conditions during freeze-drying help maintain the original structure and shape of the fibers, avoiding fiber shrinkage or deformation caused by high temperatures, thereby maintaining the integrity and performance of the nonwoven fabric.

[0044] The nano-silica particles in S1 have a diameter of 400-500 nm, the nano-titanium dioxide particles have a diameter of 100-200 nm, and the nano-zinc oxide particles have a diameter of 200-300 nm. These nanoparticles of different diameters form a multi-scale rough structure on the fiber surface. This structure enhances the material's superhydrophobic properties, facilitates the formation of an air cushion layer, reduces the contact area between the liquid and the material surface, and thus improves self-cleaning performance.

[0045] The collagen-polyester composite fibers in S1 have a fineness of 10-15D, and the mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles, and collagen fiber web is 1:1-1.5:0.8-1.2:100-150. By precisely controlling the mass ratio of fibers and particles, the nonwoven fabric can maintain good moisture absorption, breathability, and self-cleaning properties even when the temperature rises, solving the problem of performance degradation caused by temperature increases in existing automotive interior nonwoven fabrics.

[0046] The alkaline solution in S2 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 10-15%. After alkali treatment, the fiber web can form more microporous structures during hydroentangling and drying processes. These micropores help improve the air permeability of the nonwoven fabric.

[0047] In S3, the mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2-2.6. An appropriate mass ratio helps to form a more stable nonwoven structure during drawing and hydroentangling, thereby improving the overall performance of the nonwoven fabric. By adjusting the mass ratio, a balance can be achieved between the properties of the collagen and lyocell fiber webs. Collagen fibers provide biocompatibility and hydrophilicity, while lyocell fibers provide mechanical strength and softness. This ratio helps the nonwoven fabric maintain its overall properties when heated.

[0048] In S4, the hydroentangling process uses either flatbed hydroentangling or rotary drum hydroentangling, with a water pressure of 60-250 bar. The hydroentangling process uses high-pressure water to cause the fibers in the fiber web to shift, interweave, and entangle, forming flexible entanglement points that reinforce the web. This entanglement helps improve the mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabric, maintaining its structural stability when heated.

[0049] To achieve the above objectives, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0052] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 2:8. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, they are hydrolyzed with pepsin. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0053] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0054] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0055] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The total mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.

[0056] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0059] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 3:7. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, pepsin is used for hydrolysis. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0060] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0061] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0062] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The total mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.

[0063] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0066] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 4:6. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, pepsin is used for hydrolysis. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0067] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0068] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0069] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The total mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.

[0070] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0073] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 5:5. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, they are hydrolyzed with pepsin. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0074] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0075] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0076] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The total mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.

[0077] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0080] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 6:4. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, pepsin is used for hydrolysis. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0081] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0082] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0083] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The total mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.

[0084] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0087] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 4:6. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, pepsin is used for hydrolysis. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0088] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0089] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0090] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The mass ratio of the total mass of the modified collagen fiber web to the mass of the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:1.7.

[0091] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0092] Example 7

[0093] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0094] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 4:6. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, pepsin is used for hydrolysis. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0095] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0096] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0097] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The ratio of the total mass of the modified collagen fiber web to the mass of the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.3.

[0098] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0099] Example 8

[0100] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0101] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 4:6. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, pepsin is used for hydrolysis. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0102] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0103] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0104] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The ratio of the total mass of the modified collagen fiber web to the mass of the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.6.

[0105] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0106] Example 9

[0107] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0108] S1: Collagen fibers and polyester fibers are dissolved to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution. The solvent for the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture of 4% acetic acid and DMF in a 2:1 ratio. The mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers is 4:6. Type I collagen fibers are selected. Before dissolving the collagen fibers, pepsin is used for hydrolysis. The mass ratio of pepsin to collagen fibers is 1:50-200. The collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun and then freeze-dried at -70℃ for 40 hours to obtain collagen-polyester composite fibers.

[0109] Collagen-polyester composite fibers were made into collagen fiber webs. One side of the collagen fiber web was treated with a hydrophobic surface and then sprayed with nano-silica particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles. The other side was treated with a hydrophilic surface and then sprayed with nano-zinc oxide particles to obtain a modified collagen fiber web. The collagen-polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fibers and polyester fibers. The particle diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, the particle diameter of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 100 nm, and the particle diameter of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 250 nm. The fineness of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is 15D. The mass ratio of nano-silica particles, nano-titanium dioxide particles, nano-zinc oxide particles and collagen fiber web is 1:1.5:1.2:150.

[0110] S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, soak the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; the alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution.

[0111] S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web. The side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web, resulting in a multi-layer fiber web. The ratio of the total mass of the modified collagen fiber web to the mass of the modified lyocell fiber web is 1:2.9.

[0112] S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors.

[0113] Comparative Example 1

[0114] This embodiment describes the preparation of a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors. The preparation process is shown below:

[0115] S1: Lyocell fibers are made into Lyocell fiber webs. The Lyocell fiber webs are immersed in an alkaline solution for 1 hour, removed and dried to obtain modified Lyocell fiber webs. The alkaline solution is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution. After hydrophobic surface treatment, nano-silica is sprayed onto the Lyocell fiber webs. The diameter of the nano-silica particles is 400 nm, and the mass ratio between the nano-silica particles and the Lyocell fiber webs is 1:150.

[0116] S3: The modified Lyocell fiber web in S1 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric.

[0117] Equal weights of samples from Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 were taken and subjected to moisture absorption tests according to standard GB / T21655.1-2008, air permeability tests according to GB / T5453-1997, and contact angle tests of the nonwoven fabric surface using a contact angle tester, except that the temperature was 40°C. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0118] Table 1 shows the experimental data on hygroscopicity, air permeability, and surface contact angle of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1.

[0119] Sample source Moisture absorption rate (%) <![CDATA[Air permeability (L*m -2 *S -1 )]]> Contact angle (°) Example 1 478 1672 129.4 Example 2 494 1689 143.7 Example 3 507 1751 147.8 Example 4 500 1735 144.5 Example 5 494 1714 138.6 Example 6 489 1707 141.6 Example 7 522 1782 158.7 Example 8 513 1724 150.9 Example 9 491 1687 143.5 Comparative Example 1 207 1280 98.6

[0120] As shown in Table 1, the hygroscopicity, air permeability and contact angle of Examples 1 to 9 are all greater than those of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the preparation method in this application has advantages.

[0121] In Examples 1 to 5, as the mass ratio of collagen fibers to polyester fibers gradually increases, the hygroscopicity, breathability, and contact angle of the nonwoven fabric first increase and then decrease. This is because collagen fibers can absorb more moisture. Simultaneously, the increase in collagen fibers also helps improve the breathability of the nonwoven fabric, as collagen fibers typically have high porosity. An appropriate amount of collagen fibers can form a good network structure with polyester fibers, improving the self-cleaning properties of the nonwoven fabric. However, excessive collagen fibers make the nonwoven fabric more susceptible to temperature changes, reducing hygroscopicity, breathability, and contact angle. Example 3 is the preferred embodiment.

[0122] In Examples 3 and 6 to 9, as the mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web gradually decreases, the hygroscopicity, breathability, and contact angle of the nonwoven fabric first increase and then decrease. This is because as the mass ratio of the modified collagen fiber web to the modified lyocell fiber web gradually decreases, the proportion of lyocell increases, which forms a more uniform network structure and improves hygroscopicity, breathability, and contact angle. However, if the ratio is too high, the hydrophilic properties of the lyocell fiber may begin to dominate, causing structural damage and reducing hygroscopicity, breathability, and contact angle. The preferred embodiment is Example 7.

[0123] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collagen polyester composite fiber is made into collagen fiber web. After hydrophobic surface treatment on one side of the collagen fiber web, nano silica particles and nano titanium dioxide particles are sprayed on it. After hydrophilic surface treatment on the other side, nano zinc oxide particles are sprayed on it to obtain modified collagen fiber web. Collagen polyester composite fiber is a composite fiber obtained by mixing and spinning collagen fiber and polyester fiber. The preparation method of the collagen-polyester composite fiber is as follows: dissolving collagen fiber and polyester fiber to obtain a collagen-polyester composite solution, performing wet spinning on the collagen-polyester composite solution to obtain collagen-polyester composite fiber, wherein the solvent of the collagen-polyester composite solution is a mixture obtained by mixing acetic acid and DMF at a concentration of 2%-5% in a ratio of 1:1-2:

1. The mass ratio between the collagen fiber and the polyester fiber is 3:7-5:5, the collagen fiber is type I collagen fiber, and the collagen fiber is hydrolyzed with pepsin before being dissolved. The mass ratio between pepsin and collagen fiber is 1:50-200. After the collagen-polyester composite solution is wet-spun, the spun yarn is freeze-dried at a temperature of -85 to -60°C for 36-48 hours. S2: Make Lyocell fiber into Lyocell fiber web, immerse the Lyocell fiber web in an alkaline solution for 1-2 hours, take it out and dry it to obtain modified Lyocell fiber web; S3: The modified collagen fiber web in S1 and the modified lyocell fiber web in S2 are stacked together, with one modified collagen fiber web stacked on each side of the modified lyocell fiber web, and the side of the modified collagen fiber web containing nano zinc oxide particles is in close contact with the modified lyocell fiber web to obtain a multilayer fiber web. S4: The multi-layer fiber web in S3 is subjected to stretching, hydroentangling and drying steps to obtain a highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable and self-cleaning non-woven fabric for automotive interiors.

2. The method for preparing a high-efficiency moisture-absorbing, breathable, and self-cleaning automotive interior nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-silica particles in S1 have a particle diameter of 400-500 nm, the nano-titanium dioxide particles have a particle diameter of 100-200 nm, and the nano-zinc oxide particles have a particle diameter of 200-300 nm.

3. The method for preparing a high-efficiency moisture-absorbing, breathable, and self-cleaning automotive interior nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fineness of the collagen polyester composite fiber in S1 is 10-15D, and the mass ratio between the nano silica particles, the nano titanium dioxide particles, the nano zinc oxide particles and the collagen fiber network is 1:1-1.5:0.8-1.2:100-150.

4. The method for preparing a high-efficiency moisture-absorbing, breathable, and self-cleaning automotive interior nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkaline solution in S2 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 10-15%.

5. The method for preparing a high-efficiency moisture-absorbing, breathable, and self-cleaning automotive interior nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the total mass of the modified collagen fiber web to the mass of the modified lyocell fiber web in S3 is 1:2-2.

6.

6. The method for preparing a high-efficiency moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning automotive interior nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydroentanglement in S4 is selected from either flat-net hydroentanglement or rotary drum hydroentanglement, and the hydroentanglement water pressure is 60-250 bar.

7. A highly efficient moisture-wicking, breathable, and self-cleaning nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors, characterized in that, The nonwoven fabric for automotive interiors with high efficiency moisture absorption, breathability and self-cleaning properties, as described in any one of claims 1-6, is prepared by a method that provides such fabric.

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