Recyclable pressure equalizing and discharging system suitable for direct reduction shaft furnace and working process
By designing a circulating equal pressure exhaust system in the ironmaking process of direct reduction vertical furnace, the problem of nitrogen waste is solved, and the recovery and reuse of nitrogen is achieved, achieving the effect of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411469743.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-07
Smart Images
Figure CN119573372A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and in particular to a circulatory pressure equalization system and a working process suitable for a direct reduction shaft furnace. Background Art
[0002] In the mainstream ironmaking process, in addition to the blast furnace ironmaking process, there are also the molten reduction ironmaking process and the direct reduction ironmaking process. Among the three ironmaking processes, only the direct reduction ironmaking process produces solid sponge iron, while the products of the other two processes are molten iron. Compared with the molten reduction ironmaking process, the direct reduction ironmaking process occupies a major position in the non-blast furnace ironmaking process. The direct reduction process is divided into a coal-based direct reduction process and a gas-based direct reduction process. Since the coal-based direct reduction process requires coal powder as a reducing agent for ironmaking, the coal-based ironmaking process cannot get rid of its dependence on carbon in a short period of time. This is difficult to sustain in the context of the global promotion of hydrogen metallurgy and the realization of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Therefore, the gas-based direct reduction process will be the mainstream non-blast furnace ironmaking process to be promoted in the future.
[0003] In the conventional direct reduction vertical furnace production process, the operating pressure in the furnace is generally high, and the gas pressure entering the furnace is between 0.1 and 0.8 MPa. Since the furnace is in a high-pressure state, in order to smoothly load the ironmaking raw materials into the furnace and discharge the products that have completely reacted in the furnace smoothly out of the vertical furnace, a set of pressure equalization and discharge systems are usually set at the top loading and bottom unloading of the furnace. When the vertical furnace needs to be loaded, first use nitrogen to perform a pressurization operation on the top loading and equalization bin. When the pressure in the loading and equalization bin is consistent with or slightly higher than the top pressure of the vertical furnace, open the lower valve of the loading and equalization bin, and the iron-containing raw materials fall into the furnace under the action of gravity. Therefore, in the production operation, the top loading and equalization bin needs to undergo a cyclical action of loading, pressurization, unloading, pressure relief, and re-loading. Generally, the operation cycle of the loading and equalization bin is 6 to 7 cycles per hour. When the bottom of the vertical furnace needs to be unloaded, the bottom unloading and pressure equalizing bin performs the same action, that is, a cyclic action of pressurizing, loading, depressurizing, unloading, and re-pressurizing.
[0004] In the conventional vertical furnace process, the medium used to pressurize the equalizing bin for charging the furnace top or the equalizing bin for unloading the furnace bottom is high-pressure nitrogen. This part of nitrogen is discharged into the atmosphere as the pressure relief process of the equalizing bin is operated periodically. During the periodic ironmaking process, a large amount of nitrogen will be discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in a large amount of resources being wasted. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to reduce the waste of nitrogen, the present application provides a circulatory pressure equalization system and work flow suitable for a direct reduction vertical furnace.
[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a cyclic pressure equalization system suitable for a direct reduction shaft furnace, which adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A circulatory pressure-equalizing system suitable for a direct reduction vertical furnace comprises a vertical furnace, a charging pressure-equalizing bin arranged at the upper end of the vertical furnace, and a discharging pressure-equalizing bin arranged at the lower end of the vertical furnace, wherein the upper and lower ends of the vertical furnace are connected to the charging pressure-equalizing bin and the discharging pressure-equalizing bin through pipelines, and the charging pressure-equalizing bin and the discharging pressure-equalizing bin are both connected to the pressure-equalizing system, and the pressure-equalizing system comprises a first buffer tank filled with nitrogen, and a low-pressure charging pipeline and a pressure-relieving pipeline are connected to the first buffer tank, and the ends of the low-pressure charging pipeline and the pressure-relieving pipeline away from the first buffer tank can be connected to the charging pressure-equalizing bin and the discharging pressure-equalizing bin.
[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the vertical furnace is in use and raw materials are added into the vertical furnace and finished products are unloaded from the vertical furnace, the first buffer tank can fill nitrogen into the charging pressure equalizing bin and the unloading pressure equalizing bin, so that the nitrogen pressure inside the charging pressure equalizing bin and the unloading pressure equalizing bin reaches the same state as the internal pressure of the vertical furnace, so that the raw materials in the charging pressure equalizing bin can be discharged into the vertical furnace, and the finished products in the vertical furnace can be discharged into the unloading pressure equalizing bin. The overall process is in a closed state close to the pressure inside the vertical furnace, and the loading is safer. After the loading is completed, the nitrogen in the charging pressure equalizing bin can flow into the first buffer tank through the pressure relief pipeline, so that the used nitrogen can be recycled and reused, thereby avoiding nitrogen waste.
[0009] Preferably, the pressure equalization system also includes a second buffer tank filled with high-pressure nitrogen, and the second buffer tank is connected to a high-pressure charging pipeline, and the end of the high-pressure charging pipeline away from the second buffer tank can be connected to a loading pressure equalization bin and a unloading pressure equalization bin.
[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the second buffer tank is filled with high-pressure nitrogen. When the nitrogen pressure inside the charging and unloading pressure equalizing bins reaches the same state as the pressure inside the first buffer tank during use, the first buffer tank cannot continue to fill nitrogen into the two, which makes it easy for the raw materials in the charging and unloading pressure equalizing bins to be unable to smoothly enter the vertical furnace, and the finished materials in the vertical furnace to be unable to be normally discharged into the unloading pressure equalizing bin. By setting up the transit charging and unloading pressure equalizing bins and the unloading pressure equalizing bins, and continuously filling the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank into the charging and unloading pressure equalizing bins, the pressure inside the two is made greater than the pressure inside the vertical furnace, so that the raw materials in the charging and unloading pressure equalizing bins can be transported to the vertical furnace, and the finished materials in the vertical furnace can be normally discharged into the unloading pressure equalizing bin.
[0011] Preferably, a compressor is connected between the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank, and the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank compresses and pressurizes part of the nitrogen in the first buffer tank through the compressor.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the nitrogen in the first buffer tank can be transported to the compressor, and the nitrogen in the first buffer tank is pressurized to a high-pressure state by the compressor, and the pressurized nitrogen is stored in the second buffer tank, which is convenient for the subsequent pressurization of the loading and unloading pressure equalization bins, avoiding the need for an external high-pressure nitrogen source to be filled into the second buffer tank, thereby achieving self-sufficiency.
[0013] Preferably, a charging ejector is connected to the pressure relief pipeline between the first buffer tank and the charging pressure equalizing bin, and a charging ejector pipeline is connected between the charging ejector and the second buffer tank.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pressure inside the charging and equalizing bin is relieved, the nitrogen pressure inside it can be discharged to the same state as the nitrogen pressure inside the first buffer tank, and then the remaining nitrogen inside the charging and equalizing bin cannot be recovered. By filling the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank into the charging ejector, and then injecting the remaining nitrogen inside the charging and equalizing bin into the first buffer tank, all the used nitrogen can be recovered to avoid the nitrogen from diffusing outward and causing waste.
[0015] Preferably, a discharge ejector is connected to the pressure relief pipeline between the first buffer tank and the discharge pressure equalizing bin, and a discharge ejector pipeline is connected between the discharge ejector and the second buffer tank.
[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the pressure inside the unloading pressure equalizing bin is relieved, under the action of the pressure difference, the nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin can be transported to the first buffer tank until the pressure in the first buffer tank is the same as the nitrogen pressure in the unloading pressure equalizing bin, and then the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank is transported to the unloading ejector, and all the remaining nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin is ejected into the first buffer tank, so that all the used nitrogen can be recovered to avoid the nitrogen from diffusing outward and causing waste.
[0017] Preferably, a dust collector is connected to the pressure relief pipeline, and the dust collector is located between the loading ejector and the first buffer tank and between the unloading ejector and the first buffer tank.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the recovered nitrogen contains a large amount of dust. The dust in the nitrogen is collected by the dust collector, and then the clean nitrogen after treatment is passed into the first buffer tank for subsequent reuse.
[0019] Preferably, a high-pressure pipeline is connected to the second buffer tank, and the end of the high-pressure pipeline away from the second buffer tank is connected to the ends of the loading ejection pipeline and the unloading ejection pipeline, and the end of the high-pressure pipeline away from the second buffer tank is also connected to the end of the high-pressure charging pipeline.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank is transported to the loading and unloading pressure equalizing bins, the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank can be transported to the high-pressure pipeline first, thereby preventing the high-pressure nitrogen from being directly charged into the high-pressure charging pipeline and causing damage to the pipeline.
[0021] Preferably, the pressure equalization and exhaust system on the loading pressure equalization bin and the pressure equalization and exhaust system on the unloading pressure equalization bin share the same set of first buffer tank, second buffer tank, compressor and dust collector.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution and using shared equipment, it is possible to reduce capital investment, allow the pressure equalization and pressure relief of the loading and unloading pressure equalization bins to be carried out simultaneously, and better control the pressure in the loading and unloading pressure equalization bins.
[0023] Preferably, the nitrogen pressure in the first buffer tank is lower than the pressure in the vertical furnace, the nitrogen pressure in the second buffer tank is higher than the pressure in the vertical furnace, and the total nitrogen flow in the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank and the total circulation flow inside the system pipeline are higher than the nitrogen required for pressure equalization operation inside the loading pressure equalization bin and the unloading pressure equalization bin.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, nitrogen is filled into the first buffer tank before use, and part of the nitrogen is pressurized by the compressor and then filled into the second buffer tank. The total amount of nitrogen in the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank can ensure that the pressure inside the loading and unloading pressure equalizing bins reaches a state greater than the pressure inside the vertical furnace, so that the entire loading and unloading can be carried out into the vertical furnace.
[0025] In the second aspect, the present application provides a work flow of a cyclic pressure equalization system applicable to a direct reduction shaft furnace, which adopts the following technical solution:
[0026] A work flow of a cyclic pressure equalization system applicable to a direct reduction shaft furnace, comprising:
[0027] The pressure equalization and discharge process of the loading and equalization bin;
[0028] Pressure equalization: When it is necessary to charge the vertical furnace, the nitrogen in the first buffer tank is charged into the charging pressure equalization bin to make the pressure in the charging pressure equalization bin and the first buffer tank equal. Then the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank is charged into the charging pressure equalization bin to make the pressure in the charging pressure equalization bin higher than the pressure in the vertical furnace. At this time, the raw materials in the charging pressure equalization bin can fall into the vertical furnace.
[0029] Pressure relief: When the pressure of the charging pressure equalizing bin needs to be relieved, the nitrogen in the charging pressure equalizing bin is first discharged into the dust collector, and then discharged into the first buffer tank. When the pressure in the first buffer tank is equal to the pressure in the charging pressure equalizing bin, the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank is charged into the charging ejector. Under the action of the charging ejector, all the remaining nitrogen in the charging pressure equalizing bin is discharged into the first buffer tank.
[0030] The pressure equalization process of unloading pressure equalization bin;
[0031] Pressure equalization: When the vertical furnace needs to discharge into the discharge pressure equalization bin, the nitrogen in the first buffer tank is charged into the discharge pressure equalization bin to make the pressure in the discharge pressure equalization bin the same as the pressure in the first buffer tank. Then the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank is further charged into the discharge pressure equalization bin to make the nitrogen pressure in the discharge pressure equalization bin equal to or greater than the pressure in the vertical furnace. At this time, the materials processed in the vertical furnace can fall into the discharge pressure equalization bin.
[0032] Pressure relief: When the material in the unloading pressure equalizing bin needs to be discharged and pressure relieved, the nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin is first discharged into the dust collector, and then discharged into the first buffer tank. When the pressure in the first buffer tank is the same as the pressure in the unloading pressure equalizing bin, the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank can be filled into the unloading ejector. Under the action of the unloading ejector, all the remaining nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin is discharged into the first buffer tank.
[0033] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0034] 1. The system process of the present invention is simple and requires little investment. The existing furnace top and furnace bottom pressure equalization systems are optimized, and the nitrogen used in the system is circulated internally in the charging pressure equalization bin and the unloading pressure equalization bin. There is no need to set up a separate nitrogen system externally. When the system is initially running, the system only needs to be supplemented with nitrogen required for running the system once at least, and no other nitrogen is supplemented. The system can run safely inside the system, which greatly saves nitrogen consumption, reduces energy consumption and energy waste, and thoroughly achieves the dual effects of energy saving and emission reduction.
[0035] 2. The system of the present invention shares a set of equipment, mainly including a dust collector, a first buffer tank, a compressor and a second buffer tank, which reduces the investment in equipment and can allow the loading pressure equalizing bin and the unloading pressure equalizing bin to perform pressure equalizing and pressure relief operations at the same time, or one can perform pressure equalizing operation and the other can perform pressure relief operation without affecting each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure equalization and discharge system of the loading pressure equalization bin according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0037] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the pressure equalization system of the unloading pressure equalization bin according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application showing that a loading pressure equalizing bin and a unloading pressure equalizing bin share a set of pressure equalizing system equipment.
[0039] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Vertical furnace; 11. Charging pressure equalizing bin; 12. Discharging pressure equalizing bin; 2. Pressure equalizing and discharge system; 21. First buffer tank; 22. Low-pressure charging pipeline; 23. Pressure relief pipeline; 24. Second buffer tank; 25. High-pressure pipeline; 26. High-pressure charging pipeline; 27. Compressor; 28. Charging ejector; 281. Charging ejector pipeline; 29. Discharging ejector; 291. Discharging ejector pipeline; 3. Dust collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.
[0041] The embodiment of the present application discloses a circulatory pressure equalization system suitable for a direct reduction vertical furnace.
[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A circulatory pressure-equalizing system suitable for a direct reduction vertical furnace comprises a vertical furnace 1 for ironmaking and containing raw materials for ironmaking. During use, the vertical furnace 1 is in a high-pressure state. A loading port for adding raw materials is provided at the upper end of the vertical furnace 1, and a discharge port for discharging finished products from the vertical furnace 1 is provided at the lower end. A charging pressure-equalizing bin 11 is provided at the upper end of the vertical furnace 1, and a discharging pressure-equalizing bin 12 is provided at the lower end of the vertical furnace 1. A pressure-equalizing system 2 is provided outside the vertical furnace 1. The pressure-equalizing system 2 is connected to the charging pressure-equalizing bin 11 and the discharging pressure-equalizing bin 12, and is used to maintain the inside of the two in a state of smooth loading and discharging. When adding materials to the vertical furnace 1, first The raw materials are added into the charging pressure-equalizing bin 11, and then the pressure in the charging pressure-equalizing bin 11 is increased to a level slightly higher than the pressure inside the vertical furnace 1 through the pressure-equalizing system 2, so as to facilitate the raw materials in the charging pressure-equalizing bin 1 to enter the vertical furnace 1. When the finished products processed in the vertical furnace 1 need to be unloaded from the vertical furnace 1, the pressure inside the unloading pressure-equalizing bin 12 is first adjusted to a level slightly higher than the pressure inside the vertical furnace 1 through the pressure-equalizing system 2, and then the finished products in the vertical furnace 1 are unloaded into the unloading pressure-equalizing bin 12. Finally, the pressure in the unloading pressure-equalizing bin 12 is adjusted to the same level as the outdoor pressure, and then the finished products in the unloading pressure-equalizing bin 12 are discharged.
[0043] The charging pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 share a set of pressure equalizing and exhausting system 2, which is used to control the loading of the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading of the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12, and can simultaneously realize the loading of the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading of the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12; the pressure equalizing and exhausting system 2 includes a first buffer tank 21 arranged outside the vertical furnace 1, the interior of the first buffer tank 21 is used to contain nitrogen, the first buffer tank 21 is connected to the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 respectively, and a low-pressure charging pipeline 22 and a pressure relief pipeline 23 are connected between the first buffer tank 21 and the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 and between the first buffer tank 21 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12. When the pressure is equalized, the first The nitrogen in the buffer tank 21 is transported to the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 through the low-pressure charging pipeline 22. When the pressure is released, the nitrogen in the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is transported to the first buffer tank 21 through the pressure relief pipeline 23 for storage, so as to facilitate the next use; when the pressure is equalized, the nitrogen in the first buffer tank 21 can be continuously transported to the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 or the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 until the nitrogen pressure in the first buffer tank 21 is slightly lower than or equal to the nitrogen pressure in the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12. Usually, this difference is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, and the first buffer tank 21 stops transporting nitrogen.
[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pressure equalization system 2 also includes a second buffer tank 24 filled with high-pressure nitrogen. A high-pressure pipeline 25 is connected to the second buffer tank 24. A high-pressure charging pipeline 26 is connected to the end of the high-pressure pipeline 25 away from the second buffer tank 24. The high-pressure charging pipeline 26 is respectively connected to the inside of the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12, so that the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank 24 can be charged into the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12. During pressure equalization, the first buffer tank 21 charges the nitrogen pressure in the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 to an equal or slightly lower state, and then passes The high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank 24 is continuously charged into the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 through the high-pressure pipeline 25 and the high-pressure charging pipeline 26, so that the pressure inside the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 can reach the state for normal loading and unloading. When the nitrogen pressure in the second buffer tank 24 is slightly higher than the nitrogen pressure inside the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12, usually the difference is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, normal operation can be carried out and the continuous charging of high-pressure nitrogen into the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is stopped.
[0045] A compressor 27 is connected between the first buffer tank 21 and the second buffer tank 24. The nitrogen pressure in the second buffer tank 24 is obtained by pressurizing part of the nitrogen in the first buffer tank 21 under the action of the compressor 27, thereby avoiding the need to charge the existing external high-pressure nitrogen into the second buffer tank 24, achieving self-sufficiency and being able to be flexibly adjusted according to the required amount in the second buffer tank 24 by the compressor 27. In addition, the compressor 27 is frequency-controlled, which can change the efficiency of the compressor 27 in compressing the pressurized nitrogen.
[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A charging ejector 28 is connected to the pressure relief pipeline 23 between the first buffer tank 21 and the charging pressure equalizing bin 11, a charging ejector pipeline 281 is connected between the charging ejector 28 and the second buffer tank 24, and the end of the charging ejector pipeline 281 is communicated with the high-pressure pipeline 25, and a discharge ejector 29 is connected to the pressure relief pipeline 23 between the first buffer tank 21 and the discharge pressure equalizing bin 12, and the discharge ejector 29 and the second buffer tank 24 are connected. A discharge ejection pipeline 291 is connected between the two, and the end of the discharge ejection pipeline 291 is connected to the high-pressure pipeline 25; when the pressure equalizing bin 11 and the pressure equalizing bin 12 are being released, the nitrogen inside the pressure equalizing bin 11 and the pressure equalizing bin 12 will be first charged into the first buffer tank 21 until the nitrogen pressure in the first buffer tank 21 is the same as the pressure of the pressure equalizing bin 11 and the pressure equalizing bin 12. There is still some nitrogen remaining in the pressure bin 12 that cannot automatically flow into the first buffer tank 21 by relying on the air pressure difference. At this time, open the loading ejector 28 and connect the loading ejector pipeline 281 or open the unloading ejector 29 and connect the unloading ejector pipeline 291. The high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank 24 can be charged into the loading ejector 28 or the unloading ejector 29, so that the high-pressure nitrogen can flow into the corresponding pressure relief pipeline 23, thereby increasing the flow rate of the nitrogen in the corresponding pressure relief pipeline 23, and making the nitrogen pressure in the pressure relief pipeline 23 lower than the nitrogen pressure in the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12. Therefore, under the action of the pressure difference, the remaining nitrogen in the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 can be sucked into the pressure relief pipeline 23, and finally all the remaining nitrogen is charged into the first buffer tank 21, so as to realize the recycling of nitrogen and avoid the need to supplement additional nitrogen.
[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A dust collector 3 is also connected to the pressure relief pipeline 23. The dust collector 3 is located between the loading ejector 28 and the first buffer tank 21 and between the unloading ejector 29 and the first buffer tank 21. When the loading pressure equalizing bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 are releasing pressure to recover nitrogen, the recovered nitrogen contains a large amount of dust. The dust in the nitrogen is collected by the dust collector 3, and then the clean nitrogen after treatment is passed into the first buffer tank 21 for subsequent reuse.
[0048] Reference Figure 3 The pressure equalization system 2 connected to the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the pressure equalization system 2 connected to the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 share some of the same equipment, which are: the first buffer tank 21, the second buffer tank 24, the compressor 27 and the dust collector 3, so as to optimize the pressure equalization system 2 and reduce the investment in equipment. The shared equipment can perform pressure equalization and pressure relief operations on the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 at the same time, or one can perform pressure equalization operation and the other can perform pressure relief operation without affecting each other. The total nitrogen flow rate in the first buffer tank 21 and the second buffer tank 24 and the total circulation flow rate flowing in each pipeline in the system are not less than the amount of nitrogen required for the pressure equalization operation in the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12, so that the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 can be loaded and unloaded normally.
[0049] The pressure equalization system 2 also includes multiple gas pressure sensors, a controller and multiple solenoid valves. The controller is electrically connected to the gas pressure sensors and the solenoid valves. After the gas pressure sensor detects the pressure signal, it can transmit the signal to the controller, and control the on and off of the corresponding solenoid valve through the controller; multiple pressure sensors are distributed in the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12, and are used to monitor the nitrogen pressure inside the two in real time, and control the nitrogen filled into the first buffer tank 21 or the second buffer tank 24 according to the monitored data until the nitrogen pressure inside the loading pressure equalization bin 11 and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 reaches the design requirements; multiple solenoid valves are respectively connected to each pipeline, and are used to control the on and off of each pipeline, so that nitrogen can be filled into the corresponding equipment, avoiding nitrogen waste, and ensuring the flow and pressure of nitrogen in each pipeline.
[0050] The implementation principle of a circulatory pressure equalization system suitable for a direct reduction vertical furnace in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when charging into the vertical furnace 1, the raw materials are first added to the charging pressure equalization bin 11, and then the nitrogen in the first buffer tank 21 and the second buffer tank 24 is charged into the charging pressure equalization bin 11, until the nitrogen pressure in the charging pressure equalization bin 11 is greater than the nitrogen pressure in the vertical furnace 1, then the nitrogen charging is stopped, and finally the raw materials in the charging pressure equalization bin 11 are unloaded into the vertical furnace 1. After the unloading is completed, the nitrogen in the charging pressure equalization bin 11 is recovered and charged into the first buffer tank 21 and the second buffer tank 24. a buffer tank 21 for subsequent use; when the finished product processed in the vertical furnace 1 is discharged from the vertical furnace 1, the inside of the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is first pressure-equalized, and the nitrogen in the first buffer tank 21 and the second buffer tank 24 is charged into the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12, so that the nitrogen pressure in the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is greater than the nitrogen pressure in the vertical furnace 1, and then the finished product in the vertical furnace 1 is discharged into the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12, and then the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is depressurized, so that the nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 can be recovered and charged into the first buffer tank 21.
[0051] The embodiment of the present application also discloses a working process of a circulatory pressure equalization system suitable for a direct reduction vertical furnace.
[0052] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a work flow of a cyclic pressure equalization system suitable for a direct reduction shaft furnace, including the following processes:
[0053] The pressure equalization and discharge process inside the charging and pressure equalization bin 11;
[0054] Pressure equalization: When it is necessary to add raw materials to the vertical furnace 1, the pressure equalization system 2 starts to control the charging pressure equalization bin 11 to perform the pressure equalization operation. The nitrogen in the first buffer tank 21 is charged into the charging pressure equalization bin 11 through the low-pressure charging pipeline 22. When the nitrogen pressure in the charging pressure equalization bin 11 is equal to the pressure in the first buffer tank 21, the first buffer pipe stops charging nitrogen into the charging pressure equalization bin 11. At this time, the nitrogen pressure in the charging pressure equalization bin 11 is slightly lower than the pressure in the vertical furnace 1. The operation of unloading into the vertical furnace 1 cannot be performed; then the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank 24 is charged into the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 through the high-pressure pipeline 25 and the high-pressure charging pipeline 26. When the nitrogen pressure in the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 is equal to or slightly higher than the pressure inside the vertical furnace 1, the charging of nitrogen into the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 is stopped. At this time, the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 has the adjustment of unloading into the vertical furnace 1. The solenoid valve on the pipeline is opened to discharge the raw materials in the charging pressure equalizing bin 11 into the vertical furnace 1.
[0055] Pressure relief: After the unloading of the raw materials inside the charging and pressure equalizing bin 11 is completed, the pressure relief is started inside the charging and pressure equalizing bin 11, and the nitrogen inside the charging and pressure equalizing bin 11 is discharged into the dust collector 3 through the pressure relief pipe 23, and the clean nitrogen is discharged into the first buffer tank 21 after being filtered by the dust collector 3; as the pressure relief process proceeds, when the remaining nitrogen pressure in the charging and pressure equalizing bin 11 is equal to the pressure in the first buffer tank 21, the nitrogen in the charging and pressure equalizing bin 11 will not be able to continue to be discharged into the first buffer tank 21; then open the charging ejector 28 and the charging ejector pipe 281, and pass the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank 24 into the pressure relief pipe 23, and the remaining nitrogen in the charging and pressure equalizing bin 11 is discharged into the first buffer tank 21 under the implicit effect of the charging ejector 28. At this time, the charging and pressure equalizing bin 11 completes the pressure relief, which is convenient for the next loading.
[0056] When the loading and pressure equalizing bin 11 receives the next loading signal, it starts the next loading. After a certain loading time, the loading is completed and waits for the system's unloading signal. At this time, a cycle of loading, pressure equalization, pressure relief and reloading is completed in the loading and pressure equalizing bin 11.
[0057] The pressure equalization process inside the unloading pressure equalization bin 12;
[0058] Pressure equalization: When the finished product in the vertical furnace 1 needs to be discharged into the unloading pressure equalization bin 12, the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 starts to perform the pressure equalization operation, and the nitrogen in the first buffer tank 21 is charged into the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 through the low-pressure charging pipeline 22. When the nitrogen pressure in the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 is equal to the pressure in the first buffer tank 21, the first buffer tank 21 stops charging nitrogen. At this time, the nitrogen pressure in the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 is slightly lower than the pressure in the vertical furnace 1, and the unloading pressure equalization bin 12 cannot Perform the loading operation, and then charge the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank 24 into the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 through the high-pressure pipeline 25 and the high-pressure charging pipeline 26. When the nitrogen pressure in the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is equal to or slightly higher than the pressure in the vertical furnace 1, stop charging. At this time, the inside of the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 meets the loading conditions. Open the valve at the lower end of the vertical furnace 1, and start loading the raw materials in the vertical furnace 1 into the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12. After the loading is completed, close the valve and wait for the pressure relief signal.
[0059] Pressure relief: When the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 receives the pressure relief signal, the relevant solenoid valve is opened, and the nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is discharged into the dust collector 3 through the pressure relief pipeline 23. Under the action of the dust collector 3, the dust in the nitrogen is filtered, and the clean nitrogen is passed into the first buffer tank 21. As the pressure relief process proceeds, when the remaining nitrogen pressure in the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 is equal to the pressure in the first buffer tank 21, the nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 will not be able to continue to be discharged into the first buffer tank 21. At this time, the unloading ejector 29 and the unloading ejector pipeline 291 are opened to discharge the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank 24 into the unloading ejector 29, so that the remaining nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 can be discharged into the first buffer tank 21 under the implicit action of the unloading ejector 29. At this time, the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 completes pressure relief and meets the conditions for unloading.
[0060] When the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 receives the unloading signal, it starts unloading. After a certain unloading time, the unloading is completed and waits for the loading signal of the system. At this time, the unloading pressure equalizing bin 12 completes a cycle of pressure equalization, loading, pressure relief and re-pressure equalization.
[0061] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A circulatory pressure equalization system suitable for a direct reduction shaft furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical furnace (1), a charging pressure equalizing bin (11) arranged at the upper end of the vertical furnace (1), and a discharging pressure equalizing bin (12) arranged at the lower end of the vertical furnace (1); the upper and lower ends of the vertical furnace (1) are connected to the charging pressure equalizing bin (11) and the discharging pressure equalizing bin (12) through pipelines; the charging pressure equalizing bin (11) and the discharging pressure equalizing bin (12) are both connected to a pressure equalizing and exhausting system (2); the pressure equalizing and exhausting system (2) comprises a first buffer tank (21) filled with nitrogen; the first buffer tank (21) is connected to a low-pressure charging pipeline (22) and a pressure relief pipeline (23); the ends of the low-pressure charging pipeline (22) and the pressure relief pipeline (23) away from the first buffer tank (21) can be connected to the charging pressure equalizing bin (11) and the discharging pressure equalizing bin (12).
2. A cyclic pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure equalization and discharge system (2) further comprises a second buffer tank (24) filled with high-pressure nitrogen, the second buffer tank (24) being connected to a high-pressure charging pipeline (26), and an end of the high-pressure charging pipeline (26) away from the second buffer tank (24) being connectable to a loading pressure equalization bin (11) and a discharging pressure equalization bin (12).
3. A cyclic pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A compressor (27) is connected between the first buffer tank (21) and the second buffer tank (24), and the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank (24) compresses and pressurizes part of the nitrogen in the first buffer tank (21) through the compressor (27).
4. The circulatory pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A charging ejector (28) is connected to the pressure relief pipeline (23) between the first buffer tank (21) and the charging pressure equalizing bin (11), and a charging ejector pipeline (281) is connected between the charging ejector (28) and the second buffer tank (24).
5. The circulatory pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge ejector (29) is connected to the pressure relief pipeline (23) between the first buffer tank (21) and the discharge pressure equalizing bin (12), and a discharge ejector pipeline (291) is connected between the discharge ejector (29) and the second buffer tank (24).
6. The circulatory pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief pipeline (23) is connected to a dust collector (3), and the dust collector (3) is located between the loading ejector (28) and the first buffer tank (21) and between the unloading ejector (29) and the first buffer tank (21).
7. The circulatory pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second buffer tank (24) is connected to a high-pressure pipeline (25), the end of the high-pressure pipeline (25) away from the second buffer tank (24) is connected to the ends of the loading ejection pipeline (281) and the unloading ejection pipeline (291), and the end of the high-pressure pipeline (25) away from the second buffer tank (24) is also connected to the end of the high-pressure charging pipeline (26).
8. The circulatory pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure equalization and exhaust system (2) on the loading pressure equalization bin (11) and the pressure equalization and exhaust system (2) on the unloading pressure equalization bin (12) share the same set of first buffer tank (21), second buffer tank (24), compressor (27) and dust collector (3).
9. The circulatory pressure equalization system for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nitrogen pressure in the first buffer tank (21) is lower than the pressure in the vertical furnace (1), the nitrogen pressure in the second buffer tank (24) is higher than the pressure in the vertical furnace (1), and the total nitrogen flow in the first buffer tank (21) and the second buffer tank (24) and the total circulation flow in the system pipeline are higher than the nitrogen amount required for pressure equalization operation in the loading pressure equalization bin (11) and the unloading pressure equalization bin (12).
10. A working process of a cyclic pressure equalization system suitable for a direct reduction shaft furnace according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: include: The pressure equalization and discharge process of the charging and pressure equalization bin (11); Pressure equalization: when it is necessary to charge the vertical furnace (1), the nitrogen in the first buffer tank (21) is charged into the charging pressure equalization bin (11) to make the pressure in the charging pressure equalization bin (11) and the first buffer tank (21) equal, and then the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank (24) is charged into the charging pressure equalization bin (11) to make the pressure in the charging pressure equalization bin (11) higher than the pressure in the vertical furnace (1). At this time, the raw materials in the charging pressure equalization bin (11) can fall into the vertical furnace (1); Pressure relief: When the pressure of the charging pressure equalizing bin (11) needs to be relieved, the nitrogen in the charging pressure equalizing bin (11) is first discharged into the dust collector (3), and then discharged into the first buffer tank (21). When the pressure in the first buffer tank (21) is equal to the pressure in the charging pressure equalizing bin (11), the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank (24) is charged into the charging ejector (28). Under the action of the charging ejector (28), all the remaining nitrogen in the charging pressure equalizing bin (11) is discharged into the first buffer tank (21); The pressure equalization process of the unloading pressure equalization bin (12); Pressure equalization: When the vertical furnace (1) needs to discharge into the discharge pressure equalization bin (12), the nitrogen in the first buffer tank (21) is charged into the discharge pressure equalization bin (12), so that the pressure in the discharge pressure equalization bin (12) is the same as the pressure in the first buffer tank (21), and then the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank (24) is continuously charged into the discharge pressure equalization bin (12), so that the nitrogen pressure in the discharge pressure equalization bin (12) is equal to or greater than the pressure in the vertical furnace (1). At this time, the materials processed in the vertical furnace (1) can fall into the discharge pressure equalization bin (12); Pressure relief: When the material in the unloading pressure equalizing bin (12) needs to be discharged and pressure relieved, the nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin (12) is first discharged into the dust collector (3), and then discharged into the first buffer tank (21). When the pressure in the first buffer tank (21) is the same as the pressure in the unloading pressure equalizing bin (12), the high-pressure nitrogen in the second buffer tank (24) can be charged into the unloading ejector (29). Under the action of the unloading ejector (29), all the remaining nitrogen in the unloading pressure equalizing bin (12) is discharged into the first buffer tank (21).