Water lump and float sludge surface elevation measuring method for water depth measurement in hydraulic reclamation area

Abstract

The invention relates to a water lump and float sludge surface elevation measuring method for hydraulic reclamation area water depth measurement, which comprises a verification plate, a hanging ring arranged at the circle center position of the top surface of the verification plate, a water tank positioned at the circle center position of the bottom surface of the verification plate and a conical lump, the water tank is fixedly connected with the verification plate and positioned above the conical lump, and the upper part of the water tank is provided with a water injection port; the pressure of the verification plate on the mud surface is adjusted. According to float sludge with different densities, the self-gravity can be adjusted, and the density of the dredger-filled float sludge at the position to be measured is matched, so that the device can be used for measuring the water depth of a recent dredger-filled area and a sludge throwing area, and accurately measuring the distance between a float sludge surface with high water content and the water surface and the elevation of the float sludge surface; meanwhile, by means of the structural design of the water lump, the water lump is relatively static and fixed to the float sludge surface, the water lump is not prone to being affected by water flow to incline, the measuring precision is improved, in addition, due to the fact that all parts of the water lump are detachably designed, the water lump is convenient to disassemble and carry, and the water lump has high application and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water depth measurement, and in particular to a method for measuring the elevation of a water mass and a floating mud surface for water depth measurement in a filling area. Background Art

[0002] In the dredging and filling project, after the dredging ship dredges the silt in the dredging area, the slurry is transported through the dredging pipeline and filled in the filling area and the mud dumping area by hydraulic transportation. After a period of time, the slurry will settle under its own gravity to form mud-water stratification. The lower part is floating mud with high water content, and the interface with water is the floating mud surface. In the dredging and filling project, the floating mud elevation in the filling area needs to be measured at a certain period. First, the current water depth is compared with the draft depth of the ship entering the filling area to prevent the ship from running aground. Second, it is used to calculate the filling volume in the filling area and calculate the engineering volume.

[0003] To measure the floating mud elevation in the reclamation area, a single-beam water depth measurement method is generally used to measure the water depth of the reclamation area and then calculate it with the current water surface elevation. Before measurement, the water depth measurement needs to be carried out using the water-beating method, and the parameters of the single-beam depth sounder are set and calibrated according to the measured values.

[0004] The traditional water weight is an iron weight. When using the water weight method to measure water depth, the water weight is thrown into the water area to be measured. When the water weight is still and at the target point in the water area to be measured, the measuring rope tied to the water weight is manually pulled up. When the weight of the complete water weight is felt by hand, the position is marked on the measuring rope. The length of the measuring rope from the water surface to the water weight is the water depth at that point. The traditional water weight used for measuring water depth has certain problems when measuring water depth in dredging and filling areas and mud dumping areas. The main problems are:

[0005] First, in dredging and filling projects, the upper part of the newly filled area is filled residual water, and the lower part is floating mud. The surface of the floating mud is extremely soft and the surface bearing capacity is extremely low. The commonly used water tumblers have a large deadweight and cannot bear the weight of the water tumblers. After contacting the mud surface, they will sink, which will cause the measured water depth to be greater than the actual water depth. This reduces the accuracy of water depth measurement. In water depth measurement, traditional water tumblers are only suitable for hard water bottom surfaces and cannot be used to measure the water depth and floating mud surface elevation in the newly filled area in dredging and filling projects.

[0006] Second, after the water top comes into contact with the floating mud surface in the measured area, the floating mud surface is relatively soft, which makes the water top easily tilted by the disturbance of water flow and mud, affecting the accuracy of water depth measurement. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for measuring the elevation of a water mass and a floating mud surface for measuring the water depth in a filling area. The water mass can adjust its own gravity according to the floating mud of different densities, match the density of the floating mud to be filled at the measured position, accurately measure the distance between the floating mud surface with high water content and the water surface, determine the water depth of the target point to be measured, and then determine the elevation of the newly filled mud surface.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A water ball for measuring water depth in a filling area comprises a verification plate, a hanging ring arranged at the center of the top surface of the verification plate, a water tank located at the center of the bottom surface of the verification plate, and a cone ball. The water tank is fixedly connected to the verification plate and is located above the cone ball. A water injection port is arranged on the upper part of the water tank for adjusting the pressure of the verification plate on the mud surface.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, preferably, a plurality of circular water-permeable holes are evenly distributed on the surface of the verification plate.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the center position of the bottom surface of the verification plate, and the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the cone.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the water tank includes two semicircular buoys, the two semicircular buoys can be combined into a ring shape, and the two semicircular buoys are connected by a plastic pipe.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the water tank and the connecting rod are respectively detachably connected to the verification plate.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the water tank is made of a transparent material and has scale marks on its outer side.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, preferably, a plurality of fixing pins are fixedly connected downwardly at the edge of the verification plate, and the fixing pins are evenly distributed around the edge of the verification plate.

[0016] This patent discloses a method for measuring the elevation of a floating mud surface, using the above-mentioned water mound for measuring the water depth in a filling area, and comprising the following steps:

[0017] Assemble the water block and fill the water tank with water. The water filling height is recorded as h. b , so that the water tank can provide buoyancy and reduce the pressure on the mud surface when the witness plate contacts the mud surface;

[0018] Arrive at the point to be measured, measure the water surface elevation value through the water surface elevation, record it as H s ;

[0019] Connect the measuring rope to the hanging ring, and the water lump sinks in the water by its own weight, so that the verification board lies flat on the mud surface;

[0020] After the measuring rope is pulled vertically upward and stabilized, read the scale value at the intersection of the measuring rope and the water surface. This reading is recorded as h s The vertical distance between the end of the water tube's hanging ring and the top surface of the verification plate is recorded as h g , then the current water depth h at the measured location is:

[0021] h=h s +h g ;

[0022] The mud surface elevation A at the location to be measured is:

[0023] A=H s ―h

[0024] A=H s ―h s ―h g

[0025] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the water injection height h b and fill density ρ n , damping coefficient k, the overall mass of the water block excluding the water tank M1, the displacement volume V1 after the water block excluding the water tank is completely immersed in the water body, the mass of the water tank M2, the displacement volume V2 after the water tank is completely immersed in the water body, and the cross-sectional area S.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention can adjust its own gravity by adjusting its own counterweight according to the different densities of the floating mud to be measured, match the density of the floating mud to be measured, and then determine the water depth of the target point, so that it can be used for measuring the water depth of the recent filling area and the mud throwing area, and accurately measure the distance between the floating mud surface with high water content and the water surface, as well as the elevation of the floating mud surface, which is of great significance for calculating the volume of filled earthwork and indicating the entry and exit of ships; at the same time, through the structural design of the water ball of the present invention, the water ball and the floating mud surface are relatively static and fixed, and are not easily tilted by the influence of the water flow, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. In addition, since the various components of the water ball are detachable, the water ball is convenient to disassemble and carry, and has a high application and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0029] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0030] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention without installing a water tank.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the water tank part in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the floating mud surface elevation measuring method of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 10, water permeable hole; 11, verification plate; 12, fixing pin; 13, hanging rod; 15, water tank fixing hoop; 16, water tank fixing screw; 17, hanging ring; 18, hook; 19, measuring rope; 21, cone; 22, lower hexagon screw; 23, connecting rod; 24, upper hexagon screw; 31, water tank; 32, connecting pipe; 33, water filling port; 36, sealing cover; 37, scale mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the best embodiment. Based on the embodiments in the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0037] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the invention.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Embodiment 1: As shown in the figure, the present invention includes a verification plate 11, a hanging ring 17 arranged at the center position of the top surface of the verification plate 11, a water tank 31 and a cone 21 located at the center position of the bottom surface of the verification plate 11, the water tank 31 is fixedly connected to the verification plate 11 and is located above the cone 21, and a water injection port 33 (a sealing cover 36 is arranged outside the water injection port 33) is arranged on the upper part of the water tank 31 for adjusting the pressure of the verification plate 11 on the mud surface.

[0040] The verification plate 11 is made of a circular metal sheet with a thickness of 2-3mm. The purpose of this setting is to ensure that the surface is flat and the whole has a certain weight. When the water is measured, the whole is covered on the floating mud surface. In this example, there are multiple water-permeable holes 10 evenly distributed on the surface of the verification plate 11. It is preferred but not limited to designing 6 circular through holes. The purpose of this setting is that when the verification plate 11 sinks, water can flow through the circular through holes to maintain the overall balance. When it falls in the water and reaches the mud surface, it can reduce the water resistance and maintain balance, so that the verification plate 11 falls on the mud surface more steadily. At the same time, after the verification plate 11 completes the water depth measurement, it is lifted up to the water surface to reduce the water resistance and pull it out of the water more easily.

[0041] A hanging rod 13 is welded at the center of the top plane of the verification board 11, and a hanging ring 17 is welded to the upper part of the hanging rod 13. The hanging ring 17 is located on the vertical extension line of the center of gravity of the device. The purpose of this arrangement is to ensure that the water ball can maintain balance when the measuring rope 19 with a hook 18 pulls the water ball upward through the hanging ring 17. The measuring rope 19 is provided with a standard scale, and the water depth of the verification board 11 is measured by reading the reading at the junction of the measuring rope 19 and the water surface.

[0042] A connecting rod 23 is fixedly connected at the center of the bottom surface of the verification plate 11, and the lower end of the connecting rod 23 is fixedly connected to the cone 21. Specifically, in this example, an upper hexagonal screw 24 is set at the center of the bottom plane of the verification plate 11 by welding. The cone 21 is a metal cone with a pointed end and a circular base at the other end. A lower hexagonal screw 22 is set at the center of the circular base by welding. The connecting rod 23 is a solid metal rod, and threaded external threads are set at the upper and lower ends. The purpose of this setting is to connect the upper hexagonal screw 24 at the top and the lower hexagonal screw 22 at the bottom.

[0043] The water tank 31 includes two semicircular buoys, which can be combined into a ring shape and connected by a plastic pipe to make the liquid level of the weighted water flushed into the inside level and the overall level of the device. In this example, the water tank is preferably made of transparent PC material, and a scale mark 37 is set on its outer side. The water tank is used to provide a certain buoyancy, which can reduce the pressure on the mud surface when the verification plate 11 contacts the mud surface, thereby improving the accuracy.

[0044] The water tank 31 is detachably connected to the verification plate 11. Specifically, a water tank fixing hoop 15 is provided on the bottom plane of the verification plate 11 by welding. The water tank fixing hoop 15 is a metal ring, and the inner diameter of which is just slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the water tank. The purpose of the setting is to install the water tank. The water tank can be inserted into the water tank fixing hoop 15 from the bottom and just snap into the inner wall of the water tank fixing hoop 15. In addition, two water tank fixing screws 16 can be added on the opposite side of the water tank fixing hoop 15 to fasten the water tank.

[0045] The edge of the verification plate 11 is fixedly connected downward with a plurality of fixing pins 12. In this example, preferably, three fixing pins 12 are evenly distributed around the edge of the verification plate 11 by welding. The fixing pins 12 are metal sheets with pointed bottoms. The purpose of such a setting is that when the device sinks to the bottom of the water by its own weight, the pointed end is inserted into the mud surface, the device as a whole is stable and not affected by the water flow, and at the same time, the circular plane of the verification plate 11 is kept parallel to the floating mud surface.

[0046] Embodiment 2: This patent discloses a method for measuring the elevation of a floating mud surface, using the above-mentioned water lump for measuring the water depth in a reclamation area to measure the water depth in a certain reclamation area, and calculating the elevation of the floating mud surface based on the measured water depth, including the following steps:

[0047] S1. Assemble the water block, tighten the connecting rod 23 on the verification plate 11 and the upper hexagonal screw 24; add water to the water tank through the water inlet 33 so that the water level displayed on the scale line is h b , tighten the sealing cover 36 to seal; pass the water tank from bottom to top through the connecting rod 23, insert it into the water tank fixing hoop 15, tighten the two water tank fixing screws 16, so that the water tank and the verification plate 11 and the water tank fixing hoop 15 are relatively fixed; tighten the lower hexagonal screw 22 on the cone 21 and the connecting rod 23 to fix the device as a whole.

[0048] Among them, the water injection height h b and fill density ρ n , damping coefficient k, the overall mass of the water block excluding the water tank M1, the displacement volume V1 after the water block excluding the water tank is completely immersed in the water body, the mass of the water tank M2, the displacement volume V2 after the water tank is completely immersed in the water body, and the cross-sectional area S.

[0049] Specifically, the metal frame composed of the verification plate 11, the fixing pin 12, the hanging rod 13, the water tank fixing hoop 15, the water tank fixing screw 16, the hanging ring 17, the cone 21, the lower hexagonal screw 22, the connecting rod 23, and the upper hexagonal screw 24 has an overall mass of M1, and a displacement volume of V1 after being fully immersed in water. The mass of the water tank is M2, and the displacement volume after being fully immersed in water is V2, with a cross-sectional area of ​​S. The mass of the water filled in the water tank is M3, the volume of the water filled is V3, and the water level in the water tank is h b .

[0050] V3=Shb

[0051] M3=ρ 水 V3=ρ 水 Sh b

[0052] The density of the surface mud of the dredged fill is 1.3-1.7, which just stays at the junction of the fill surface and the water body. n Density of dredged fill soil, damping coefficient k, which is an empirical value.

[0053] F 浮 +k=G

[0054] ρ n g(V1+V2)+k=M1g+M2g+M3g

[0055] ρ n gV1+ρ n gV2+k=M1g+M2g+ρ 水 Sh b g

[0056]

[0057] Furthermore, based on experience, k is 0.1-0.3 times G, and the range of k is:

[0058] 0.1G~0.3G

[0059] (0.1×(M1g+M2g+ρ 水 Sh b g),0.3×(M1g+M2g+ρ 水 Sh b g))

[0060] Further, the simplified calculation is:

[0061]

[0062] Further, the simplified calculation is:

[0063]

[0064] Add water to the water tank, the water level range shown on the scale is (h bmax ,h bmin ).

[0065] S2. Arrive at the point to be measured, and measure the water surface elevation of the position to be measured by handheld GPS, RTK and other measuring tools. The water surface elevation value is recorded as H s .

[0066] S3. Connect the hook 18 of the measuring rope 19 to the hanging ring 17, and the water ball sinks in the water by its own weight, so that the verification plate 11 is flat on the mud surface; straighten the measuring rope 19 vertically upward, and read the reading on the measuring rope 19 after it stabilizes, that is, the scale value at the junction of the measuring rope 19 and the water surface, recorded as h s After the reading is completed, the device is pulled up and out of the water through the hanging ring 17; at the same time, the vertical distance between the end of the hanging ring 17 of the water ball and the top surface of the verification plate 11 is recorded as h g , then the current water depth h at the measured location is:

[0067] h=h s +h g ;

[0068] At this time, the mud surface elevation A at the location to be measured is:

[0069] A=H s ―h

[0070] A=H s ―h s ―h g

[0071] S4. After use, disassemble the device, loosen the lower hexagonal screw 22 and the connecting rod 23 on the cone 21, remove the water tank from the water tank fixing hoop 15 and the connecting rod 23 from top to bottom, open the sealing cover 36 on the water filling port 33, and release the water in the water tank; loosen the connecting rod 23 on the verification plate 11 and remove it from the upper hexagonal screw 24 on the verification plate 11.

[0072] The present invention can adjust its own gravity according to the different densities of floating mud, match the density of the floating mud to be measured, and then determine the water depth of the target point, so that it can be used for measuring the water depth of the newly filled area and the mud dumping area, and accurately measure the distance between the floating mud surface with high water content and the water surface, as well as the elevation of the floating mud surface, which is of great significance for calculating the amount of filled earthwork and indicating the entry and exit of ships; at the same time, through the structural design of the water mound of the present invention, the water mound and the floating mud surface are relatively static and fixed, and are not easily tilted by the water flow, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. In addition, since the various components of the water mound are detachable, the water mound is easy to disassemble and carry, and has a high application and promotion value.

[0073] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water lump for measuring water depth in a reclamation area, characterized in that: It includes a verification plate, a hanging ring arranged at the center position of the top surface of the verification plate, a water tank and a cone located at the center position of the bottom surface of the verification plate. The water tank is fixedly connected to the verification plate and is located above the cone. A water injection port is arranged on the upper part of the water tank for adjusting the pressure of the verification plate on the mud surface.

2. The water mound for measuring water depth in a reclamation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water-permeable holes are evenly distributed on the surface of the verification plate.

3. The water mound for measuring water depth in a reclamation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the verification plate, and the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the cone.

4. The water mound for measuring water depth in a reclamation area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water tank comprises two semicircular floats, which can be combined into a ring shape and are connected through a plastic pipe.

5. The water mound for measuring water depth in a reclamation area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water tank and the connecting rod are respectively detachably connected to the verification plate.

6. The water mound for measuring water depth in a reclamation area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water tank is made of transparent material and has scale marks on its outer side.

7. The water mound for measuring water depth in a reclamation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fixing pins are fixedly connected downwardly at the edge of the verification plate, and the fixing pins are evenly distributed around the edge of the verification plate.

8. A method for measuring the elevation of a floating mud surface, using the water mound for measuring the water depth in a reclamation area according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Assemble the water block and fill the water tank with water. The water filling height is recorded as h. b , so that the water tank can provide buoyancy and reduce the pressure on the mud surface when the witness plate contacts the mud surface; Arrive at the point to be measured, measure the water surface elevation value through the water surface elevation, record it as H s ; Connect the measuring rope to the hanging ring, and the water lump sinks in the water by its own weight, so that the verification board lies flat on the mud surface; After the measuring rope is pulled vertically upward and stabilized, read the scale value at the junction of the measuring rope and the water surface, which is recorded as h s The vertical distance between the end of the water tube's hanging ring and the top surface of the verification plate is recorded as h g , then the current water depth h at the measured location is: h=h s +h g ; The mud surface elevation A at the location to be measured is: A=H s ―h A=H s ―h s ―h g 。 9. A method for measuring the elevation of a floating mud surface according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water injection height h b and fill density ρ n , damping coefficient k, the overall mass of the water block excluding the water tank M1, the displacement volume V1 after the water block excluding the water tank is completely immersed in the water body, the mass of the water tank M2, the displacement volume V2 after the water tank is completely immersed in the water body, and the cross-sectional area S.

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