Full space-time dynamic electric power carbon intensity measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to a full space-time dynamic electric power carbon intensity measurement method, which belongs to the field of electric power system carbon emission, and comprises the following steps of: constructing a power grid carbon emission factor model based on a power generation direct carbon emission model of a constructed region in unit time; constructing a static electric power carbon emission intensity model based on the power grid carbon emission factor model of the region in unit time; constructing a dynamic carbon emission factor model of the region in unit time; constructing dynamic power carbon emission intensity models of different types of units based on the dynamic carbon emission factor model; based on the dynamic power carbon emission intensity model of different types of units in the region, considering the power generation process, inter-region power transmission and inter-region green power input and output power carbon intensity, and constructing a region full space-time dynamic power carbon intensity measurement model; and acquiring electric power carbon emission data of different types of units in the region, and performing hour-level dynamic measurement on the regional electric power carbon intensity. Accurate mastering and dynamic monitoring of regional electric power carbon emission conditions are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon emission calculation of power systems, and in particular to a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement method. Background Art

[0002] The power industry is one of the major carbon emission industries. The carbon intensity of electricity is an important indicator to measure the carbon emission level of the power system, which specifically refers to the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of electricity production. Quantitative calculation of carbon emission intensity of electricity helps to measure carbon emissions of electricity and further accurately grasp the current status of carbon emissions in the power production link. By comparing the carbon intensity of different power sources and different types of units, we can identify the key areas and potential for emission reduction, accelerate the optimization and adjustment of the power structure, and carry out carbon emission reduction work in a targeted manner.

[0003] At the same time, the existing calculation methods for electricity carbon intensity still have problems such as large calculation coverage area, mostly using national or provincial energy statistical data for electricity carbon emission accounting, lack of timeliness, inability to conduct carbon tracking and carbon source tracing analysis, and difficulty in intuitively reflecting the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of electricity carbon emission intensity. At the same time, with the access of new energy to the power system, the current methods have not considered the impact of renewable energy generation types and green power input and output on electricity carbon intensity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above analysis, an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement method to solve the technical problems of existing electricity carbon intensity calculation methods, such as covering too large an area, lack of timeliness, inability to conduct carbon tracking and carbon source tracing analysis, difficulty in reflecting the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon emission intensity, and failure to fully consider the impact of new energy generation and green electricity input and output.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement method, comprising the following steps: Based on the constructed model of the direct carbon emissions from power generation in the region per unit time, a carbon emission factor model of the power grid in the region per unit time is constructed; based on the carbon emission factor model of the power grid in the region per unit time, a static electricity carbon emission intensity model of the region per unit time is constructed; Constructing a dynamic carbon emission factor model for a region within a unit time; constructing a dynamic power carbon emission intensity model for different types of units based on the dynamic carbon emission factor model within a unit time; Based on the dynamic electricity carbon emission intensity model of different types of units in the region, considering the power generation process, inter-regional power transmission and inter-regional green power input and output, a regional full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model is constructed; The electricity carbon emission data of different types of units in the region are obtained, and based on the regional full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model, the regional electricity carbon intensity is dynamically measured at the hourly level.

[0006] Furthermore, a direct carbon emission model of power generation in region m per unit time t is constructed, and a carbon emission factor model of the power grid in region m per unit time is constructed based on the direct carbon emission model of power generation, as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission factor of the power grid in region m per unit time t, is the direct carbon emissions from power generation in region m per unit time t, is the total power generation of region m in unit time t, is the net amount of electricity delivered from regional power grid j to region m in unit time t, is the net power input from regional power grid k to region m in unit time t, , The carbon emission factors of regional power grids j and k per unit time t respectively; is the carbon emissions corresponding to the net amount of electricity delivered by power grid j to region m within unit time t; It is the carbon emission corresponding to the net input electricity obtained by region m from regional power grid k per unit time t.

[0007] Furthermore, a model of direct carbon emissions from power generation in region m per unit time is constructed as follows: ; Where p represents the pth energy type, is the energy data of the power generation of the p-th energy in region m within unit time t; is the carbon emission coefficient of the pth energy source, i.e., the carbon emissions generated per unit of energy consumption; Among them, the carbon emission coefficient of p types of energy is as follows: ; in, Average low heat output. is the carbon content, is the carbon oxidation rate, is the molar ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon.

[0008] Furthermore, a static electricity carbon emission intensity model of a region per unit time is constructed based on the carbon emission factor model of the power grid per unit time of the region, including: Based on the carbon emission factor model of the power grid in region m per unit time t, a carbon emission model of thermal power units in region m per unit time t is constructed, and then a static power carbon emission intensity model considering different units in region m is constructed.

[0009] Furthermore, a carbon emission model of thermal power units in region m per unit time t is constructed as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission of thermal power generation units in region m per unit time t, is the power generation of the ith thermal power unit in region m per unit time t, is the total power generation of thermal power units in region m within unit time t; The static electricity carbon emission intensity model of different units in region m per unit time is as follows: ; ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity from different types of units in region m within unit time t, is the power generation of the ith renewable energy unit in region m within unit time t, is the total power generation of new energy units in region m, is the total power generation of region m in unit time t.

[0010] Furthermore, the dynamic carbon emission factor model of the constructed region in unit time is as follows: ; in, is the dynamic carbon emission factor of the power delivered by generator set i consuming unit fuel type r within unit time t, is the carbon emission coefficient of the fuel type r of the thermal power unit, and the fuel type r includes coal, oil, and natural gas; is the power generation corresponding to the consumption of unit fuel type r; Based on the dynamic carbon emission factor model per unit time, a dynamic carbon emission total amount calculation model for thermal power units in a region per unit time is constructed as follows: ; in, is the total dynamic carbon emissions of thermal power generating units; Based on the dynamic carbon emission total amount calculation model considering different types of units in the region m per unit time, the dynamic power carbon emission intensity model of thermal power units in the region m per unit time is obtained as follows: .

[0011] Furthermore, the carbon intensity of the power generation process is considered to obtain the carbon emissions of each link of power generation, as follows: ; ; ; in, is the total carbon emissions generated by the entire power generation process per unit time t, is the total carbon emissions generated by the upstream fuel in unit time t, is the total carbon emissions generated by power construction per unit time t, is the amount of fuel consumed by the upstream fuel for power generation per unit time t, is the carbon emission intensity of fuel combustion per unit time t, is the total amount of fuel consumed in unit time t, is the total amount of power generated by the power plant in unit time t, is the carbon emission intensity of power plant construction in unit time t, The total amount of power plants to be built; On the basis of considering the carbon intensity of electricity in the power generation process, a dynamic electricity carbon emission intensity model considering the power generation process is constructed as follows: .

[0012] Furthermore, the consideration of the carbon intensity of electricity transmission between regions includes: Region m is used as the power input region. The power carbon intensity model after the power input in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity after the electricity is input to region m per unit time t, is the amount of electricity input from external area n to area m per unit time t, and N is the total number of areas that transmit electricity to area m. is the carbon emission intensity of electricity in region n, is the total amount of electricity transmitted from external areas to area m in unit time t; Region m is the power output region. The power carbon intensity model after the power output in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity after the area m exports electricity within unit time t, is the total amount of electricity exported from region m to region s in unit time t, and S is the total number of regions from which region m transmits electricity; Based on the electricity carbon intensity model after the electricity is input within the unit time t and the electricity carbon intensity model after the electricity is output, the electricity carbon intensity model of the region m considering the inter-regional electricity transmission is obtained as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity transmission in region m per unit time t.

[0013] Furthermore, the carbon intensity of electricity considering inter-regional green electricity import and export includes: Region m is used as the green electricity input region. The electricity carbon intensity model of the region after inputting green electricity in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon intensity of electricity after green electricity is input into region m within unit time t, is the amount of green electricity input from region n to region m in unit time t; Region m is the green electricity output region. The carbon intensity model of electricity after exporting green electricity in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon intensity of region m after exporting green electricity in unit time t, is the total amount of green electricity output by region m per unit time t.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the dynamic carbon emission calculation model of thermal power generating units in the region, and based on the power generation process, inter-regional power transmission, and inter-regional green power input and output, a full-time and space dynamic power carbon intensity measurement model is constructed as follows: ; in, is the carbon intensity of electricity in region m per unit time t.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can realize accurate and timely calculation of electricity carbon emissions by constructing a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model. By introducing a dynamic carbon emission factor, the problem of slow updating of carbon emission factors in the existing method is solved, and the accuracy and timeliness of carbon emission accounting are improved; 2. The calculation results of the full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model constructed by the present invention show spatial flexibility and temporal dynamic characteristics, which can better reflect the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of electricity carbon emission intensity. Compared with traditional methods, this method can more intuitively show the changes in carbon emission intensity and enhance spatial flexibility and temporal dynamics; 3. The present invention dynamically calculates and measures the regional electricity carbon intensity at the hourly level. This method can accurately measure the carbon intensity to the hourly level, which improves the accuracy compared to the electricity carbon intensity measurement based on the year in the prior art, and is conducive to the real-time measurement of the electricity carbon emission intensity of the power system; 4. The present invention helps guide users to actively implement carbon emission reduction measures and promote carbon emission reduction through accurate carbon emission accounting and grasp of carbon emission flow; 5. The present invention fully considers the impact of renewable energy generation and green electricity input and output on electricity carbon intensity, which is not fully considered in existing methods, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the carbon emission status of the power system in the region; 6. The present invention incorporates the carbon emissions of the entire process of power generation and the factors of power transmission between regions into the full-time and space dynamic power carbon intensity test model, effectively solving the problem that the current carbon intensity cannot be tracked and traced back to the carbon source; 7. The present invention takes into account different types of generator sets including coal-fired units and new energy generator sets as well as green electricity input and output factors in model construction, and quantifies the impact of renewable energy generation types and quantities and green electricity input and output on electricity carbon intensity after new energy electricity is connected to the power system, so that electricity carbon intensity can better reflect the environmental value of new energy electricity and further promote the development of new power systems.

[0016] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. In the entire drawings, the same reference symbols represent the same components; Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for measuring the dynamic carbon intensity of electricity in all time and space in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] In view of the relevant problems existing in the current calculation of electricity carbon intensity, the present invention proposes a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement method. According to this method, the calculation period of electricity carbon intensity in a certain region can be year, month, week, day, hour, and a certain region can be national, regional, provincial, municipal, county, and district levels. The smallest regional unit can be defined as a plant station, and a dynamic carbon emission factor is introduced in the model construction, and the power exchange and green power input and output between regions are considered, so as to reflect the environmental attributes of regional electric energy in time and space. Therefore, the present invention can realize the full-time and space dynamic measurement of electricity carbon intensity.

[0020] The full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model, which comprehensively considers dynamic carbon emission factors, carbon emissions throughout the entire process of power generation, different types of power generating units, inter-regional power transmission, and green electricity input and output, is of great significance for improving the accuracy of electricity carbon intensity measurement and promoting low-carbon development of electricity.

[0021] Based on the static electricity carbon intensity model, this paper introduces dynamic carbon emission factors to achieve dynamic measurement of regional electricity carbon intensity and optimization of time measurement scale. Taking into account the entire power generation process, the type of generator set, inter-regional power transmission, and the impact of green electricity on carbon intensity, a comprehensive full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model is constructed on this basis.

[0022] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for measuring the carbon intensity of electricity in all time and space dynamics, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Step S1, constructing a regional power grid carbon emission factor model per unit time based on the constructed regional power generation direct carbon emission model per unit time, and constructing a regional static power carbon emission intensity model per unit time based on the regional power grid carbon emission factor model per unit time; Step S2: construct a dynamic carbon emission factor model for a region within a unit time; and construct a dynamic power carbon emission intensity model for different types of units based on the dynamic carbon emission factor model within a unit time; Step S3: Based on the dynamic power carbon emission intensity model of different types of units in the region, considering the power generation process, inter-regional power transmission, and inter-regional green power input and output, a regional full-time and space dynamic power carbon intensity measurement model is constructed; Step S4: Obtain electricity carbon emission data of different types of units in the region, and perform hourly dynamic measurement of the electricity carbon intensity of the region based on the regional full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model.

[0023] The step S1 includes steps S11-S12.

[0024] Step S11: construct a regional power grid carbon emission factor model per unit time based on the regional direct carbon emission model per unit time.

[0025] The basic principle of calculating the carbon intensity of electricity from the power generation side is to calculate the carbon emissions generated by each kilowatt-hour of electricity generated in a given area within a given time period. The basic calculation of the carbon intensity of electricity is (total carbon emissions generated by power generation) / (total power generation). When calculating the total power generation and the total carbon emissions generated by power generation, the present invention takes into account the increase in new energy power generation units in the current power system and calculates the carbon intensity of electricity from the perspective of different unit types.

[0026] With the development of renewable energy power generation, the types of generators in a region are divided into thermal power units and renewable energy generators. Among them, the carbon emissions of thermal power units in the region are calculated based on the carbon emission factors of the regional power grid, and renewable energy units do not generate carbon emissions by default.

[0027] Based on the direct carbon emission model of power generation, a carbon emission factor model of the power grid in region m per unit time is constructed as follows: ; Formula (1) in, is the carbon emission factor of the power grid in region m per unit time t, is the direct carbon emissions from power generation in region m per unit time t, is the total power generation of region m in unit time t, is the net amount of electricity delivered from regional power grid j to region m in unit time t, is the net power input from regional power grid k to region m in unit time t, , The carbon emission factors of regional power grids j and k per unit time t respectively; is the area of ​​power grid j per unit time t Carbon emissions corresponding to the net amount of electricity delivered; The area per unit time t Carbon emissions corresponding to the net amount of electricity imported from regional grid k.

[0028] Among them, the direct carbon emission model of power generation in region m per unit time is constructed as follows: ; in, Indicates Types of energy, For Region No. Energy data of power generation of a certain energy source in unit time t; For the The carbon emission coefficient of each energy source is the amount of carbon emissions generated per unit of energy consumption; in, The carbon emission coefficient of each energy source is as follows: ; in, Average low heat output. is the carbon content, is the carbon oxidation rate, is the molar ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon.

[0029] For Region No. Energy data of energy generation, i.e. The amount of energy consumed; For the The amount of energy consumed per unit time; For the The carbon emission coefficient of an energy source is the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated per unit of energy consumption. The specific energy consumption depends on the actual energy consumption in a given area. For example, Energy types include coal, crude oil and natural gas.

[0030] Formula (2) obtains the sum of direct carbon emissions from power generation in region m by summing up the carbon emissions of all energy types. This sum reflects the carbon emissions directly generated by all power generation activities in region m.

[0031] Step S12: construct a static electricity carbon emission intensity model for the region per unit time.

[0032] A static electricity carbon emission intensity model for a region per unit time is constructed based on the carbon emission factor model of the power grid per unit time in the region, including: Based on region The carbon emission factor model of the power grid in unit time t is constructed to The carbon emission model of thermal power units within unit time t is constructed, and then a static electricity carbon emission intensity model considering different units in region m is constructed.

[0033] Based on region The carbon emission factor model of the power grid in unit time is constructed to The carbon emission model of thermal power units in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission of thermal power generation units in region m per unit time t, is the power generation of the ith thermal power unit in region m per unit time t, is the total power generation of thermal power units in region m within unit time t; area The static electricity carbon emission intensity model considering different units in unit time is as follows: ; ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity from different types of units in region m within unit time t, is the power generation of the ith renewable energy unit in region m within unit time t, is the total power generation of new energy units in region m, is the total power generation of region m in unit time t.

[0034] By default, new energy units do not produce carbon emissions, and the carbon emission intensity of electricity from new energy units is 0. Therefore, the numerator in formula (5) only contains the carbon emission intensity of electricity from thermal power units.

[0035] Step S1 constructs a static electricity carbon emission intensity model for a certain region per unit time, which belongs to static modeling of regional electricity carbon intensity.

[0036] The purpose of step S1 is to construct a direct carbon emission model for power generation in the region per unit time, and on this basis, to construct a regional power grid carbon emission factor model and a static electricity carbon emission intensity model per unit time, laying the foundation for the subsequent construction of a dynamic electricity carbon intensity model.

[0037] Step S2, specifically.

[0038] Considering the obvious differences in the carbon emission characteristics of the units, different fuel types have different carbon emissions due to different factors such as calorific value and carbon oxidation rate. Based on the carbon intensity model of different types of generator sets, a dynamic carbon emission factor is innovatively introduced when calculating the carbon emissions of thermal power units. , so that the dynamic electricity carbon intensity of units in a given area can be measured from a dynamic perspective.

[0039] Step S21: construct a dynamic carbon emission factor model for a region in unit time, as follows: ; in, is the dynamic carbon emission factor of the power delivered by generator set i consuming unit fuel type r within unit time t, is the carbon emission coefficient of the fuel type r of the thermal power unit, and the fuel type r includes coal, oil, and natural gas; is the power generation corresponding to the consumption of unit fuel type r; Step S22: construct a dynamic carbon emission total amount calculation model for thermal power units in a region per unit time based on the dynamic carbon emission factor model per unit time, as follows: ; in, is the total dynamic carbon emissions of thermal power generating units; Since new energy units do not produce carbon emissions by default, only a dynamic carbon emission calculation model for thermal power units in the region per unit time is constructed here.

[0040] Step S23: Based on the dynamic carbon emission total amount calculation model of thermal power units in region m per unit time, a dynamic power carbon emission intensity model considering different types of units in region m per unit time is obtained, as follows: ; in, is the dynamic carbon emission factor of the power delivered by generator set i consuming unit fuel type r within unit time t, is the carbon emission coefficient of fuel type r. The fuel types r of thermal power units are mainly coal, oil and natural gas.

[0041] The amount of electricity generated by consuming a unit of fuel type r , calculated as follows: ; in, is the power generation corresponding to the consumption of unit fuel type r, is the average low calorific value of fuel r, is the carbon oxidation rate of fuel type r, is the power generation efficiency of the generator set using fuel r, is the conversion factor between electricity and heat.

[0042] For example, The value is 2.78x10 -7 kWh / kcal (kilowatt-hour per kilocalorie).

[0043] The purpose of step S2 is to construct a dynamic carbon emission total amount calculation model for thermal power generating units by introducing a dynamic carbon emission factor, and calculate the dynamic power carbon emission intensity of different types of units in the region based on this model.

[0044] Step S3 includes S31-S34.

[0045] Step S31: Establish a dynamic electricity carbon emission intensity model that takes into account the electricity carbon intensity of the power generation process.

[0046] Considering the carbon intensity of the power generation process, the carbon emissions of each link of power generation are obtained as follows: ; ; ; in, is the total carbon emissions generated by the entire power generation process per unit time t, is the total carbon emissions generated by the upstream fuel in unit time t, is the total carbon emissions generated by power construction per unit time t, is the amount of fuel consumed by the upstream fuel for power generation per unit time t, is the carbon emission intensity of fuel combustion per unit time t, is the total amount of fuel consumed in unit time t, is the total amount of power generated by the power plant in unit time t, is the carbon emission intensity of power plant construction in unit time t, The total amount of power plants to be built; On the basis of considering the carbon intensity of electricity in the power generation process, a dynamic electricity carbon emission intensity model considering the power generation process is constructed as follows: ; The carbon emissions generated by power generation include carbon emissions generated in the upstream production process of fuel, carbon emissions generated in power construction and carbon emissions generated in power generation combustion. In step S2, based on the calculation of the carbon emission intensity of electricity that only considers the power generation combustion process, the carbon emission accounting of the entire power generation process is further considered to calculate the carbon intensity of electricity that considers the entire power generation process.

[0047] Step S32: Establish an electricity carbon intensity model that takes into account inter-regional electricity transmission (including input and output).

[0048] The exchange and transmission of electricity between different regions will also affect the regional carbon emission accounting, and thus affect the carbon emission intensity within the region.

[0049] The carbon intensity of electricity that is considered in inter-regional electricity transmission includes: Region m is used as the power input region. The power carbon intensity model after the power input in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity after the electricity is input to region m per unit time t, is the amount of electricity input from external area n to area m per unit time t, and N is the total number of areas that transmit electricity to area m. is the carbon emission intensity of electricity in region n, is the total amount of electricity delivered to the external area in unit time t; Region m is the power output region. The power carbon intensity model after the power output in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity after the area m exports electricity per unit time t, is the total amount of electricity exported from region m to region s per unit time t, and S is the total number of regions from which region m transmits electricity; When region m exports electricity, the carbon intensity of region m is required in the calculation of the carbon emissions of the output. , the output carbon emissions are .

[0050] Based on the electricity carbon intensity model after the electricity is input within the unit time t and the electricity carbon intensity model after the electricity is output, the electricity carbon intensity model of the region m considering the inter-regional electricity transmission is obtained as follows: ; in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity transmission in region m within unit time t.

[0051] Step S33: Establish an electricity carbon intensity model that takes into account inter-regional green electricity input and output.

[0052] On the basis of considering inter-regional power transmission, with the development of green electricity and the expansion of cross-provincial green electricity input, in order to better reflect the environmental value attributes of green electricity, green electricity should also be considered in the calculation of carbon intensity.

[0053] The carbon intensity of electricity considering inter-regional green electricity import and export includes: Region m is used as the green electricity input region. The electricity carbon intensity model of the region after inputting green electricity in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon intensity of electricity after green electricity is input to region m in unit time t, is the amount of green electricity input from region n to region m in unit time t; Region m is the green electricity output region. The carbon intensity model of electricity after exporting green electricity in unit time t is as follows: ; in, is the carbon intensity of region m after exporting green electricity per unit time t, is the total amount of green electricity output by m in unit time t.

[0054] By comparing formulas (18)-(19), after considering the input and output of green electricity, if only the input of green electricity is considered, the carbon intensity of regional electricity will decrease as the amount of green electricity input in the region increases; if only the output of green electricity is considered, the carbon intensity of regional electricity will increase due to the decrease in the use of green electricity in the region.

[0055] Considering the carbon intensity of input and output green electricity reflects the environmental value of green electricity and effectively reduces carbon emissions.

[0056] Step S34: construct a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon emission measurement model.

[0057] Taking into account the electricity carbon intensity of different types of power generating units, power generation processes, inter-regional power transmission, and green electricity input and output, a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model is constructed.

[0058] Based on the dynamic carbon emission calculation model of thermal power generating units in the region, and the power carbon intensity based on the power generation process, inter-regional power transmission, and inter-regional green power input and output, a full-time and space dynamic power carbon intensity measurement model is constructed as follows: ; in, is the carbon intensity of electricity in region m per unit time t.

[0059] The purpose of step S3 is to comprehensively consider factors such as power generation process, inter-regional power transmission, and green power input and output, and to build a comprehensive full-time and full-space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model to more accurately calculate the electricity carbon intensity of a certain region within unit time t.

[0060] Step S4, specifically.

[0061] The electricity carbon emission data of different types of units in the region are obtained, and based on the full-time and space dynamic electricity intensity measurement model, the electricity carbon intensity of the region is dynamically measured at the hourly level.

[0062] Electricity carbon emissions data, including: Unit time t, determines the time range, t can be hours, weeks, months, seasons, or years; Total carbon emissions generated by the upstream fuel per unit time t ; Total carbon emissions generated by regional power construction per unit time t ; The number of thermal coal-fired units in the region i; The power generation of each thermal power unit in the region per unit time t ; The carbon emission coefficient of the fuel type r of the thermal power unit, fuel type r includes coal, oil, and natural gas; the power generation corresponding to the consumption of unit fuel type r ; The total number of power transmission areas in area m is N; The amount of electricity input from external area n to area m per unit time t ; Electricity carbon emissions in region n ; Green electricity input from region n to region m in unit time t ; The total number of regions S from which region m transmits electricity; The total amount of electricity output from area m to area s in unit time t ; The carbon emission intensity of electricity after the electricity is input to area m per unit time t ; Total power generation of thermal power units in region m per unit time t ; Total power generation of new energy units in region m ; The total amount of green electricity output in area m per unit time t .

[0063] The full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement and calculation method proposed in the present invention is first of all an optimization and innovation of the existing carbon intensity model. This model can simultaneously consider multiple factors affecting electricity carbon intensity, such as time measurement scale, coverage, power transmission, unit type, and green electricity input and output during calculation, making the measurement of carbon intensity more accurate.

[0064] The purpose of step S4 is to use the full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model, combined with the detailed carbon emission data of different types of units in the region, to achieve accurate, real-time (hourly) dynamic monitoring and measurement of regional electricity carbon intensity.

[0065] This full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model can be applied to specific practices. The model calculation results can reflect the carbon emissions of the power system in a certain area, the impact of different power generation methods and the implementation of green power input and output on environmental carbon emissions. At the same time, the model can provide a reference for making relevant decisions. According to the more accurate electricity carbon emission intensity calculated, targeted emission reduction measures can be formulated to promote the low-carbon development of the power industry.

[0066] The full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model in the present invention solves the technical problems that most current electricity carbon emission calculations lack timeliness and cover a large time scale, generally with an annual cycle.

[0067] In summary, the full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement method of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can realize accurate and timely calculation of electricity carbon emissions by constructing a full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model. By introducing a dynamic carbon emission factor, the problem of slow updating of carbon emission factors in the existing method is solved, and the accuracy and timeliness of carbon emission accounting are improved; 2. The calculation results of the full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model constructed by the present invention show spatial flexibility and temporal dynamic characteristics, which can better reflect the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of electricity carbon emission intensity. Compared with traditional methods, this method can more intuitively show the changes in carbon emission intensity and enhance spatial flexibility and temporal dynamics; 3. The present invention dynamically calculates and measures the regional electricity carbon intensity at the hourly level. This method can accurately measure the carbon intensity to the hourly level, which improves the accuracy compared to the electricity carbon intensity measurement based on the year in the prior art, and is conducive to the real-time measurement of the electricity carbon emission intensity of the power system; 4. The present invention helps guide users to actively implement carbon emission reduction measures and promote carbon emission reduction through accurate carbon emission accounting and grasp of carbon emission flow; 5. The present invention fully considers the impact of renewable energy generation and green electricity input and output on electricity carbon intensity, which is not fully considered in existing methods, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the carbon emission status of the power system in the region; 6. The present invention incorporates the carbon emissions of the entire process of power generation and the factors of power transmission between regions into the full-time and space dynamic power carbon intensity test model, effectively solving the problem that the current carbon intensity cannot be tracked and traced back to the carbon source; 7. The present invention takes into account different types of generator sets including coal-fired units and new energy generator sets as well as green electricity input and output factors in model construction, and quantifies the impact of renewable energy generation types and quantities and green electricity input and output on electricity carbon intensity after new energy electricity is connected to the power system, so that electricity carbon intensity can better reflect the environmental value of new energy electricity and further promote the development of new power systems.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement method, characterized in that: The steps include: Based on the constructed model of the direct carbon emissions from power generation in the region per unit time, a carbon emission factor model of the power grid in the region per unit time is constructed; based on the carbon emission factor model of the power grid in the region per unit time, a static electricity carbon emission intensity model of the region per unit time is constructed; Constructing a dynamic carbon emission factor model for a region within a unit time; constructing a dynamic power carbon emission intensity model for different types of units based on the dynamic carbon emission factor model within a unit time; Based on the dynamic electricity carbon emission intensity model of different types of units in the region, considering the power generation process, inter-regional power transmission and inter-regional green power input and output, a regional full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model is constructed; The electricity carbon emission data of different types of units in the region are obtained, and based on the regional full-time and space dynamic electricity carbon intensity measurement model, the regional electricity carbon intensity is dynamically measured at the hourly level.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A direct carbon emission model for power generation in region m per unit time t is constructed, and a carbon emission factor model for the power grid in region m per unit time is constructed based on the direct carbon emission model for power generation, as follows: ； in, is the carbon emission factor of the power grid in region m per unit time t, is the direct carbon emissions from power generation in region m per unit time t, is the total power generation of region m in unit time t, is the net amount of electricity delivered from regional power grid j to region m in unit time t, is the net power input from regional power grid k to region m in unit time t, , The carbon emission factors of regional power grids j and k per unit time t respectively; is the carbon emissions corresponding to the net amount of electricity delivered by power grid j to region m within unit time t; It is the carbon emission corresponding to the net input electricity obtained by region m from regional power grid k per unit time t.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct carbon emission model of power generation in region m per unit time is constructed as follows: ； Where p represents the pth energy type, is the energy data of the power generation of the p-th energy in region m within unit time t; is the carbon emission coefficient of the pth energy source, i.e., the carbon emissions generated per unit of energy consumption; Among them, the carbon emission coefficient of p types of energy is as follows: ； in, Average low heat output. is the carbon content, is the carbon oxidation rate, is the molar ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A static electricity carbon emission intensity model for a region per unit time is constructed based on the carbon emission factor model of the power grid per unit time in the region, including: Based on the carbon emission factor model of the power grid in region m per unit time t, a carbon emission model of thermal power units in region m per unit time t is constructed, and then a static power carbon emission intensity model considering different units in region m is constructed.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The carbon emission model of thermal power units in region m per unit time t is constructed as follows: ； in, is the carbon emission of thermal power generation units in region m per unit time t, is the power generation of the ith thermal power unit in region m per unit time t, is the total power generation of thermal power units in region m within unit time t; The static electricity carbon emission intensity model of different units in region m per unit time is as follows: ； ； in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity from different types of units in region m within unit time t, is the power generation of the ith renewable energy unit in region m within unit time t, is the total power generation of new energy units in region m, is the total power generation of region m in unit time t.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dynamic carbon emission factor model of the constructed area per unit time is as follows: ； in, is the dynamic carbon emission factor of the power delivered by generator set i consuming unit fuel type r within unit time t, is the carbon emission coefficient of the fuel type r of the thermal power unit, and the fuel type r includes coal, oil, and natural gas; is the power generation corresponding to the consumption of unit fuel type r; Based on the dynamic carbon emission factor model per unit time, a dynamic carbon emission total amount calculation model for thermal power units in a region per unit time is constructed as follows: ； in, is the total dynamic carbon emissions of thermal power generating units; Based on the dynamic carbon emission total amount calculation model considering different types of units in the region m per unit time, the dynamic power carbon emission intensity model of thermal power units in the region m per unit time is obtained as follows: 。 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Considering the carbon intensity of the power generation process, the carbon emissions of each link of power generation are obtained as follows: ； ； ； in, is the total carbon emissions generated by the entire power generation process per unit time t, is the total carbon emissions generated by the upstream fuel in unit time t, is the total carbon emissions generated by power construction per unit time t, is the amount of fuel consumed by the upstream fuel for power generation per unit time t, is the carbon emission intensity of fuel combustion per unit time t, is the total amount of fuel consumed in unit time t, is the total amount of power generated by the power plant in unit time t, is the carbon emission intensity of power plant construction in unit time t, The total amount of power plants to be built; On the basis of considering the carbon intensity of electricity in the power generation process, a dynamic electricity carbon emission intensity model considering the power generation process is constructed as follows: 。 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The carbon intensity of electricity that is considered in inter-regional electricity transmission includes: Region m is used as the power input region. The power carbon intensity model after the power input in unit time t is as follows: ； in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity after the electricity is input to region m per unit time t, is the amount of electricity input from external area n to area m per unit time t, and N is the total number of areas that transmit electricity to area m. is the carbon emission intensity of electricity in region n, is the total amount of electricity transmitted from external areas to area m in unit time t; Region m is the power output region. The power carbon intensity model after the power output in unit time t is as follows: ； in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity after the area m exports electricity within unit time t, is the total amount of electricity exported from region m to region s in unit time t, and S is the total number of regions from which region m transmits electricity; Based on the electricity carbon intensity model after the electricity is input within the unit time t and the electricity carbon intensity model after the electricity is output, the electricity carbon intensity model of the region m considering the inter-regional electricity transmission is obtained as follows: ； in, is the carbon emission intensity of electricity transmission in region m per unit time t.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The carbon intensity of electricity considering inter-regional green electricity import and export includes: Region m is used as the green electricity input region. The electricity carbon intensity model of the region after inputting green electricity in unit time t is as follows: ； in, is the carbon intensity of electricity after green electricity is input into region m within unit time t, is the amount of green electricity input from region n to region m in unit time t; Region m is the green electricity output region. The carbon intensity model of electricity after exporting green electricity in unit time t is as follows: ； in, is the carbon intensity of region m after exporting green electricity in unit time t, is the total amount of green electricity output by region m per unit time t.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Based on the dynamic carbon emission calculation model of thermal power generating units in the region, and the power carbon intensity based on the power generation process, inter-regional power transmission, and inter-regional green power input and output, a full-time and space dynamic power carbon intensity measurement model is constructed as follows: ； in, is the carbon intensity of electricity in region m per unit time t.

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