An impact-resistant actuator

Abstract

The application relates to an impact-resistant actuating device, which mainly solves the technical problem that the existing electric actuating device cannot meet the requirements of small size and high impact resistance at the same time. The application comprises a motor, an actuating mechanism and a light controller; the light controller is connected with the motor, the output end of the motor is connected with the actuating mechanism, and the motor is used for driving the actuating mechanism to make linear motion. A pressure sensor assembly on the motor is used for collecting the impact force borne by the rear end cover and the front end cover of the motor and transmitting the impact force to the light controller. When the light controller detects that the impact force exceeds a preset threshold, the light controller sends a signal, the signal triggers the first switch and the second switch in the motor shaft to open, the first limiting unit and the second limiting unit on the motor shaft respectively release the limiting of the first impact-resistant slip ring and the second impact-resistant slip ring, and the first impact-resistant slip ring and the second impact-resistant slip ring are popped out, so that the damage of high impact force to the device is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an electric actuation device, and more specifically to an impact-resistant actuation device. Background Technology

[0002] During engine operation, a large amount of combustion gases are produced. These high-temperature, high-pressure gases enter the turbine chamber of the turbocharger, driving the turbine blades to rotate at high speed. Finally, the engine exhaust system discharges the exhaust gases from the turbine into the atmosphere at a specified speed and direction. To ensure the reliable operation of the engine exhaust system, an actuator is typically used to pull the turbine exhaust valve.

[0003] An actuator is a device that generates mechanical force or motion. The main function of the turbocharger exhaust valve is to control the flow and pressure of the combustion gases, thereby regulating the operating state of the turbocharger. When the actuator pulls the turbocharger exhaust valve, it changes the valve opening, indirectly adjusting the turbine speed of the turbocharger. Depending on the engine's different operating requirements, the actuator dynamically adjusts the turbocharger's operating state to achieve optimal performance, fuel economy, and emission control.

[0004] In the aerospace field, hydraulic actuators are commonly used to control the opening and closing of turbine exhaust valves. Traditional hydraulic actuators suffer from drawbacks such as large size, low transmission efficiency, short service life, and low output shaft positioning accuracy. With advancements in aerospace technology, electric actuators are increasingly used in engine exhaust systems. In specific scenarios, such as impact tests and emergency braking, electric actuators need to withstand high impact forces. To ensure their performance under high impact, this is often achieved by increasing the size and weight of the device. This, in turn, results in complex structures and large sizes for electric actuators. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem that existing electric actuation devices cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of small size and high impact resistance, and to propose an impact-resistant actuation device.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An impact-resistant actuation device is characterized by comprising a motor, an actuation mechanism, and a light controller; the output end of the motor is connected to the input end of the actuation mechanism to drive the actuation mechanism to perform linear motion; the light controller is connected to the motor.

[0008] The motor includes a motor housing, a motor shaft coaxially disposed within the motor housing, and a rear brake device, a rear end cover, a rear bearing, a stator and rotor assembly, a front bearing, a front end cover, and a front brake device, which are located within the motor housing and sequentially mounted on the motor shaft from back to front.

[0009] The motor shaft has a central hole along the axial direction for transmitting light trigger signals; the rear braking device and the front braking device are both radially locked to the motor shaft.

[0010] The rear bearing is mounted on the rear end cover, and a set of pressure sensing components is arranged axially between the rear end cover and the rear end cover; the front bearing is mounted on the front end cover, and another set of pressure sensing components is installed axially between the front end cover and the front end cover; the two sets of pressure sensing components are used to collect the impact force on the rear end cover and the front end cover respectively, and transmit it to the optical controller.

[0011] The stator and rotor assembly includes a stator and a rotor arranged coaxially from the outside to the inside; the rotor includes a first switch and a second switch installed in the central hole, and a first impact-resistant slip ring, a first limiting unit, a magnet, a second limiting unit, and a second impact-resistant slip ring sequentially mounted on the motor shaft from back to front; the magnet is located inside the stator;

[0012] The first limiting unit is located between the motor shaft and the front bearing and is connected to the first impact-resistant slip ring; the second limiting unit is located between the motor shaft and the rear bearing and is connected to the second impact-resistant slip ring; the first switch and the second switch are used to control the conduction or deactivation of the light trigger signal, thereby controlling the operation of the first limiting unit and the second limiting unit through the light trigger signal; a resolver sensor sleeved on the motor shaft is also provided on the side of the rear end cover assembly near the rear braking device, which is used to keep the first switch and the second switch in their initial positions when the motor shaft is stationary;

[0013] The optical controller includes a signal generator located at one end of the motor shaft where the rear braking device is mounted. The signal generator is an optical signal generator used to generate an optical trigger signal. The optical trigger signal passes through the central hole and then through the first switch and the second switch, thereby triggering the first limit unit and the second limit unit to limit the first impact-resistant slip ring and the second impact-resistant slip ring, respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the light emitted by the signal generator propagates within the central hole in a direction parallel to the axis of the central hole;

[0015] The second switch includes a switch housing, and a balance ball and a reflector located inside the switch housing;

[0016] An entrance hole is provided on the side of the switch housing facing the rear braking device, and a reflection hole is provided on the upper surface of the switch housing.

[0017] The reflector is placed at an angle inside the switch housing, with its reflective surface facing the entrance hole and the reflection hole; the lower end of the reflector is connected to the bottom of the entrance hole, and the upper end is connected to the opposite side of the side where the entrance hole is located.

[0018] The balancing sphere is located on the reflecting surface of the mirror, and its diameter is larger than the apertures of the entrance aperture and the reflecting aperture.

[0019] When the motor shaft is stationary, the balance ball is located at the entrance hole, and light cannot pass through the entrance hole; when the motor shaft rotates, the balance ball moves to the upper end of the reflector under the action of centrifugal force, the second switch is in the open state, and light passes through the entrance hole and is output from the reflection hole.

[0020] The initial positions of the first and second switches refer to the positions where the reflective aperture is higher than the incident aperture. The first and second switches have the same structure and are placed in horizontally symmetrical positions.

[0021] Furthermore, the second limiting unit includes a photosensitive switch, a miniature electromagnet, and a limiting spring; the photosensitive switch is connected to the miniature electromagnet, and the miniature electromagnet is connected to the limiting spring.

[0022] The second impact-resistant slip ring includes a magnetic unit and an impact-resistant unit;

[0023] The limiting spring is connected to the magnetic unit, and the magnetic unit is connected to the impact-resistant unit.

[0024] The photosensitive switch is normally open. When the photosensitive switch is normally open, the miniature electromagnet is separated from the magnetic unit, and the magnetic unit and the shock-resistant unit are in a popped-out state to withstand the impact force.

[0025] The photosensitive switch closes after receiving a light trigger signal. The miniature electromagnet generates a magnetic attraction force after the photosensitive switch is closed and energized, which is used to attract the magnetic unit and the shock-resistant unit, so that the second limiting unit can perform the limiting function.

[0026] The first limiting unit and the second limiting unit have the same structure;

[0027] The first and second impact-resistant slip rings have the same structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the rear braking device includes a rear housing, and a magnetic body, two rear limiting rings, a first spring, a second spring, a second guiding structure, a magnetic shielding structure, and a rear locking unit installed in the rear housing;

[0029] The motor shaft passes through the rear housing, and two rear locking units are fastened and spliced ​​on the side near the motor shaft and sleeved on the motor shaft;

[0030] The two rear locking units are respectively provided with stepped structures on the side away from the motor shaft, and the two first springs are respectively located on the two stepped structures, with their outer sides abutting against the corresponding rear limiting rings.

[0031] The two magnetic shielding structures are respectively disposed on the other side of the two rear locking units inside the rear housing, and form a magnetic shielding space between them and the rear housing, with one end of each structure extending out of the rear housing.

[0032] The magnetic body is installed in the magnetic isolation space and fixed to the inner wall of the rear housing;

[0033] One end of the second spring is connected to the magnetic shielding structure, and the other end is connected to the magnetic body; the second guiding structure is installed inside the second spring and fitted on the outside of the magnetic shielding structure, and is used to guide the second spring when it extends or retracts;

[0034] The outer ends of the two rear limiting rings are respectively fixed to the side wall of the rear housing, and the inner ends are adapted to the outer side wall of the stepped structure;

[0035] The magnetic shielding structure is used to extend a magnetic body when the second spring extends and retracts, attracting the magnetic body to the rear locking unit, thereby unlocking the rear locking unit from the motor shaft.

[0036] Furthermore, the front braking device includes a front housing, and two windings, a front limiting ring, a front braking spring, a front locking unit, and a winding magnetic yoke disposed within the front housing;

[0037] The motor shaft passes through the front housing, and the two front locking units are fastened and spliced ​​on the side of the motor shaft near the motor shaft.

[0038] The two front locking units are respectively provided with stepped structures on the other side away from the motor shaft, and the two front braking springs are respectively located on the two stepped structures, with their outer sides abutting against the corresponding front limiting rings.

[0039] The two wound magnetic yokes are located on the other side of the two front locking units and are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the front housing;

[0040] The two windings are respectively wound on two winding yokes;

[0041] The outer ends of the two front limiting rings are respectively fixed to the side wall of the front housing, and the inner ends are adapted to the outer side wall of the stepped structure;

[0042] The wound magnetic yoke is used to generate magnetic attraction after being energized, and attract the front locking unit, so that the front locking unit unlocks the motor shaft.

[0043] Furthermore, the rear braking device also includes two first guiding structures; the two first guiding structures are respectively arranged radially between the two rear locking units and the inner wall of the rear housing;

[0044] The front braking device also includes two front guiding structures, which are respectively arranged radially between the front locking unit and the inner wall of the front housing.

[0045] Furthermore, the pressure sensing assembly includes a pressure sensor and a disc spring, with the two pressure sensors respectively embedded on the side of the rear end cover and the front end cover near the stator and rotor assembly.

[0046] The two butterfly springs are respectively disposed between the rear bearing and the rear end cover and between the front bearing and the front end cover, and correspond to the two pressure sensors respectively.

[0047] Furthermore, a gear is provided on the output end of the motor shaft;

[0048] The actuating mechanism includes an output shaft and a planetary gear disposed at one end of the output shaft, the planetary gear meshing with a gear.

[0049] Furthermore, a first pressure sensor is respectively provided between the end of the two rear limiting rings facing the magnetic shielding structure and the rear housing;

[0050] A second pressure sensor is provided between each of the two wound magnetic yokes and the two front locking units.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0052] 1. This invention provides an impact-resistant actuation device, comprising a motor, an actuation mechanism, and a light controller; the light controller is connected to the motor, and the motor output is connected to the actuation mechanism to drive the actuation mechanism to perform linear motion. A pressure sensor assembly within the motor is used to collect the impact force received by the rear and front covers of the motor and transmit it to the light controller. When the light controller detects that the impact force exceeds a preset threshold, it sends a signal, emitting a light trigger signal, to trigger the opening of a first and second switch within the motor shaft, and to trigger the release of the first and second limiting units on the motor shaft from their respective limiting positions on the first and second impact-resistant slip rings. The first and second impact-resistant slip rings then pop out, preventing damage to the device from high impact forces.

[0053] 2. This invention effectively utilizes the limited remaining space in the exhaust system and solves the technical problem that existing electric actuators cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of small size and high impact resistance by highly integrating the braking device, the first impact-resistant slip ring, and the second impact-resistant related components inside the motor.

[0054] 3. The first and second switches of this invention utilize the centrifugal force principle of the rotating motor shaft to move the balance ball from the entrance hole of the reflector to the vicinity of the reflector. In abnormal situations where the motor is not powered but the signal generator falsely sends a signal, the light source will be blocked by the balance ball, thus preventing the first and second switches from being accidentally turned on. This achieves protection for the operation of the first and second limit units under abnormal operating conditions.

[0055] 4. The motor of the present invention adopts a segmented braking device, with the front braking device being energized for unlocking and the rear braking device being manually unlocked. Its advantage is that, under the same braking torque conditions, the axial volume of the front braking device and thus the rear braking device can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing power consumption and heat generation.

[0056] 5. The rear braking device and the resolver sensor of the present invention are located at the same end of the stator and rotor assembly, and no axial magnetic field is generated during the engagement and unlocking process, thus avoiding interference with the resolver signal. The rear braking device adopts an axial unlocking and radial locking structure, which has the advantages of simple manual unlocking structure and no electromagnetic loss or heat generation.

[0057] 6. The pressure sensing component of the present invention includes a pressure sensor and a butterfly spring. Its advantage is that the butterfly spring can prevent small impact forces under normal working conditions. The pressure sensor receives the axial impact force signal and transmits it to the optical controller. When the impact force is too large, the optical controller indirectly controls the first and second impact-resistant slip rings to pop out. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the motor structure in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear braking device in the locked state in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear braking device in the unlocked state in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention.

[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front braking device in the locked state in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front braking device in the unlocked state in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the actuation mechanism in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second switch in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second limiting unit in an embodiment of an impact-resistant actuation device.

[0068] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0069] 1-Motor, 10-Motor shaft, 101-Gear, 11-Rear brake device, 16-Front brake device, 12-Resolver sensor, 131-Rear end cover, 132-Front end cover, 14-Stator, 15-Rotor, 17-Pressure sensor, 18-Butterfly spring, 191-Rear bearing, 192-Front bearing;

[0070] 111-Magnetic body, 112-Rear housing, 113-Rear limiting ring, 114-First spring, 115-First guiding structure, 116-Second spring, 117-Second guiding structure, 118-Magnetic shielding structure, 119-Rear locking unit, 120-First pressure sensor;

[0071] 152-First switch, 153-First impact-resistant slip ring, 154-First limit unit, 155-Magnet, 156-Second switch, 157-Second limit unit, 158-Second impact-resistant slip ring;

[0072] 161-Roller, 162-Front limiting ring, 163-Front brake spring, 164-Front guiding structure, 165-Front locking unit, 166-Roller yoke, 167-Front housing, 168-Second pressure sensor;

[0073] 1561 - Balance ball, 1562 - Reflector, 1563 - Switch housing;

[0074] 1571 - Photosensitive switch, 1572 - Miniature electromagnet, 1573 - Limit spring;

[0075] 1581 - Magnetic unit; 1582 - Impact resistant unit;

[0076] 2-Actuating mechanism, 21-Planetary gear, 22-Output shaft;

[0077] 3-Light controller; a-Light ray. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0079] This invention provides an impact-resistant actuating device, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes a light controller 3, a motor 1, and an actuation mechanism 2; the output end of the motor 1 is connected to the input end of the actuation mechanism 2 to drive the actuation mechanism 2 to perform linear motion, and the output end of the actuation mechanism 2 is connected to an external exhaust system; the light controller 3 is connected to the motor 1 to send a light trigger signal to the motor 1.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, motor 1 includes a motor housing, a motor shaft 10, a rear brake device 11, a front brake device 16, a resolver sensor 12, a rear end cover 131, a front end cover 132, a stator and rotor assembly, two pressure sensing components, a rear bearing 191 and a front bearing 192, and a gear 101. The motor housing is cylindrical, and the motor shaft 10 is coaxially mounted inside the motor housing. The input end of the motor shaft 10 is defined as the rear end, and the output end as the front end. The rear brake device 11, resolver sensor 12, rear end cover 131, rear bearing 191, stator and rotor assembly, front bearing 192, front end cover 132, and front brake device 16 are sequentially mounted on the motor shaft 10 from rear to front. The two pressure sensing components are respectively located between the rear end cover 131 and the rear bearing 191, and between the front end cover 132 and the front bearing 192. The gear 101 is located at the output end of the motor shaft 10.

[0081] like Figure 3As shown, the rear braking device 11 includes a rear housing 112, and a magnetic body 111, two rear limiting rings 113, a first spring 114, a first guiding structure 115, a second spring 116, a second guiding structure 117, a magnetic shielding structure 118, a rear locking unit 119, and a first sensor 120 installed within the rear housing 112. The motor shaft 10 passes through the rear housing 112. One side of each of the two rear locking units 119 is fastened and fitted onto the motor shaft 10, radially locking the motor shaft 10 when the motor 1 is not energized. Each of the two rear locking units 119 has a stepped structure on the side away from the motor shaft 10. Two first springs 114 are located on the two stepped structures, their outer sides abutting against the corresponding rear limiting rings 113. Two magnetic shielding structures 118 are respectively located on the other side of the two rear locking units 119 and within the rear housing 112. The two magnetic shielding structures 118 and the rear housing 112 respectively form two magnetic shielding spaces. Two magnetic bodies 111 are respectively installed in two magnetically shielded spaces and fixed to the inner wall of the rear housing 112. Two second guiding structures 117 are respectively installed between the two magnetic bodies 111 and the two magnetically shielded structures 118. A second spring 116 is fitted onto the second guiding structure 117, with one end connected to the magnetic body 111 and the other end connected to the magnetically shielded structure 118. The magnetically shielded structure 118 can move along the second guiding structure 117 under the extension and retraction of the second spring 116, gradually exposing the magnetic body 111. The outer ends of the two rear limiting rings 113 are respectively fixed to the side wall of the rear housing 112, and the inner ends are adapted to the outer side wall of the stepped structure. First guiding structures 115 are respectively arranged radially between the rear locking unit 119 and the inner wall of the rear housing 112. A first pressure sensor 120 is respectively arranged between the end of the two rear limiting rings 113 facing the magnetically shielded structure 118 and the rear housing 112.

[0082] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the rear locking unit 119 in the locked state. By moving the magnetic shielding structure 118, the magnetic body 111 is exposed at different proportions, thereby generating different magnitudes of magnetic attraction. The magnetic attraction generated by the magnetic body 111 attracts the rear locking unit 119, causing the rear locking unit 119 to be in the released state, as shown. Figure 4 As shown, the two rear locking units 119 respectively compress the two first springs 114, unlocking the motor shaft 10. At this time, the first sensor 120 is under force, and the unlocking status of the rear braking device 11 can be determined by the first sensor 120, such as whether it is fully unlocked or partially unlocked. In addition, when the braking device malfunctions, such as a jamming fault, the pressure of the first sensor 120 can quickly determine whether the rear braking device 11 can be unlocked normally, thereby quickly locating the fault location. When the magnetic shielding structure 118 completely blocks the magnetic body 111, the magnetic attraction force generated by the magnetic body 111 no longer attracts the rear locking unit 119, and the rear locking unit 119 is in a locked state under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 114.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, the front braking device 16 includes a front housing 167, and two windings 161, a front limiting ring 162, a front braking spring 163, a front guiding structure 164, a front locking unit 165, winding yokes 166, and a second sensor 168 disposed within the front housing 167. The front housing 167 is annular cylindrical, and the motor shaft 10 passes through the front housing 167. The two front locking units 165 are fastened and sleeved on one side of the motor shaft 10. Each of the two front locking units 165 has a stepped structure on the other side away from the motor shaft 10. The two front braking springs 163 are respectively located on the two stepped structures, with their outer sides abutting against the corresponding front limiting rings 162. The other side of the two winding yokes 166 is fixed to the inner wall of the front housing 167. The two windings 161 are wound around the two winding yokes 166. The outer ends of the two front limiting rings 162 are fixed to the side walls of the front housing (167), and the inner ends are adapted to the outer side walls of the stepped structure. The front guiding structures 164 are radially disposed between the front locking unit 165 and the inner wall of the front housing 167, and the front guiding structures 164 help prevent jamming when the front locking unit 165 moves radially. Two second pressure sensors 168 are located between the two wound magnetic yokes 166 and the two front locking units 165, and are fixedly connected to either the wound magnetic yokes 166 or the front locking units 165.

[0084] like Figure 6 As shown, when the wound yoke 166 is energized, it generates a magnetic attraction force through the principle of electromagnetism, attracting the front locking unit 165 to move radially away from the motor shaft 10, thus putting the front locking unit 165 in the unlocked stage. At this time, the front brake spring 163 is in a compressed state. The second pressure sensor 168 detects the force. When the wound yoke 166 is de-energized, it no longer generates a magnetic attraction force, and the elastic force of the front brake spring 163 in the compressed state is released. This elastic force drives the front locking unit 165 to move radially closer to the motor shaft 10, clamping the motor shaft 10. The unlocking status of the front brake device 16 can be determined based on the force value of the second pressure sensor 168, and in the event of a malfunction, the normal operation of the front brake device 16 can be quickly determined.

[0085] The resolver sensor 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the rear end cover assembly 131 near the rear brake device 11. It is used to acquire the angular displacement and angular velocity data of the rotor 15 and feed them back to the external control system. When the motor shaft 10 is stationary, the external control system controls the first switch 152 and the second switch 156 to always be in the initial state. The pressure sensing assembly includes a pressure sensor 17 and a butterfly spring 18. The two pressure sensors 17 are respectively embedded in the sides of the rear end cover 131 and the front end cover 132 near the stator and rotor assemblies. The two butterfly springs 18 are respectively disposed between the rear bearing 191 and the rear end cover 131 and between the front bearing 192 and the front end cover 132, and correspond to the two pressure sensors 17 respectively.

[0086] The stator and rotor assembly includes a stator 14 and a rotor 15 arranged coaxially from the outside in. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the rotor 15 includes a first switch 152, a first impact-resistant slip ring 153, a first limiting unit 154, a magnet 155, a second switch 156, a second limiting unit 157, a second impact-resistant slip ring 158, and a gear 101. Left and right center holes are formed along the axial direction on the motor shaft 10 for transmitting optical trigger signals. The stator 14 is located outside the magnet 155, which is sleeved on the motor shaft 10. The first switch 152 and the second switch 156 are disposed within the center holes of the motor shaft 10. The first impact-resistant slip ring 153 and the first limiting unit 154 are both sleeved on the motor shaft 10, with the first limiting unit 154 located between the motor shaft 10 and the front bearing 191. The first limiting unit 154 is connected to the end of the first impact-resistant slip ring 153 near the magnet 155. The second impact-resistant slip ring 158 and the second limiting unit 157 are both sleeved on the motor shaft 10, with the second limiting unit 157 located between the motor shaft 10 and the rear bearing 192. The second limiting unit 157 is connected to the end of the second impact-resistant slip ring 158 near the magnet 155. Both the first switch 152 and the second switch 153 are light-transmitting structures. When the first switch 152 comes into contact with a light-triggered signal, the first limiting unit 154 begins to limit the first impact-resistant slip ring 153; similarly, when the second stop 156 comes into contact with a light-triggered signal, the second limiting unit 157 begins to limit the second impact-resistant slip ring 158.

[0087] like Figure 8 As shown, the actuation mechanism 2 includes a planetary gear 21 and an output shaft 22. The planetary gear 21 is located at the input end of the output shaft 22 and meshes with the gear 101.

[0088] The light controller 3 includes a signal generator located at the end of the motor shaft 10 where the rear braking device 11 is mounted. The signal generator is a light signal generator, used to emit a light trigger signal when the light controller 3 detects an impact force exceeding a preset threshold. The light trigger signal triggers the first switch 152 and the second switch 156 to the open state along the central hole, and triggers the first limit unit 154 and the second limit unit 157 to release the limits on the first impact-resistant slip ring 153 and the second impact-resistant slip ring 158, respectively. The control principles of the first switch 152 and the second switch 156 are the same, as are the control principles of the first limit unit 154 and the second limit unit 157. The following explanation uses the second switch 156 and the second limit unit 157 as examples.

[0089] like Figure 9 As shown, 'a' represents light. The second switch 156 includes a switch housing 1563, and a balance ball 1561 and a reflector 1562 located inside the switch housing 1563. An entrance aperture and a reflection aperture are respectively formed on adjacent sides of the switch housing 1563, located on the incident light path and the reflected light path, respectively. The diameters of the entrance aperture and the reflection aperture are smaller than the diameter of the balance ball 1561. Light can enter through the entrance aperture and exit through the reflection aperture.

[0090] The reflector 1562 is placed at an angle inside the switch housing 1563, with its reflective surface facing the entrance hole and the reflection hole. The balance ball 1561 is located on the reflective surface of the reflector 1562. When the motor 1 is in standby mode, the balance ball 1561 is located at the bottom of the reflector 1562, blocking the entrance hole and preventing light from passing through. Even if the external light emitter emits light under abnormal operating conditions, the light source will be blocked by the balance ball 1561, and the second limiting unit 157 will not operate, thus protecting the second limiting unit 157 from operation under abnormal conditions. When the motor 1 starts rotating, the balance ball 1561 moves to the upper end of the reflector 1562 under centrifugal force. The light emitted by the light source enters the switch housing 1563 through the entrance hole, is reflected by the reflector 1562, and is reflected from the reflection hole into the second limiting unit 157. The initial state of the first switch 152 and the second switch 156 refers to the reflection hole being higher than the entrance hole, i.e. Figure 9 The state shown.

[0091] like Figure 10As shown, the second limiting unit 157 includes a photosensitive switch 1571, a miniature electromagnet 1572, and a limiting spring 1573. The second impact-resistant slip ring 158 includes a magnetic unit 1581 and an impact-resistant unit 1582. The photosensitive switch 1571 is connected to the miniature electromagnet 1572, the miniature electromagnet 1572 is connected to the limiting spring 1573, the limiting spring 1573 is connected to the magnetic unit 1581, and the magnetic unit 1581 is connected to the impact-resistant unit 1582. When the photosensitive switch 1571 is normally open, the miniature electromagnet 1572 does not generate magnetic attraction when the photosensitive switch 1571 is open, and therefore cannot attract the magnetic unit 1581. This causes the magnetic unit 1581 and the impact-resistant unit 1582 to be in a popped-out state. The first impact-resistant slip ring 153 pops out towards the rear end cover 131, preventing the rear bearing 191 from colliding directly with the rear end cover 131. Similarly, the second impact-resistant slip ring 158 prevents the front bearing 192 from colliding directly with the front end cover 132. When the light reflected by the second switch 156 enters the photosensitive switch 1571, the photosensitive switch 1571 closes, the miniature electromagnet 1572 generates magnetic attraction, attracting the magnetic unit 1581, and the limiting spring 1573 is in a compressed state, limiting the magnetic unit 1581 and the impact-resistant unit 1582.

[0092] Working process of impact-resistant actuators:

[0093] The actuator needs to operate under two conditions: when the engine exhaust system is venting and when it is not venting. When the engine exhaust system is not venting, the rear brake device 11 and the front brake device 16 in the actuator lock the motor shaft 10, indirectly locking the output shaft 22. The output shaft 22 is connected to the piston in the exhaust system, which can ensure that the piston does not move and improve positioning accuracy. At this time, the motor shaft 10 is stationary, the first switch and the second switch cannot be triggered by light signals, and the first limit unit 154 and the second limit unit 157 are in the pop-out protection state.

[0094] When the engine exhaust system needs to exhaust, motor 1 and signal generator start working, energizing the front brake device 16 and manually adjusting the rear brake device 11 to unlock both the front brake device 16 and the adjusted rear brake device 11. Motor shaft 10 drives output shaft 22 to rotate, and output shaft 22 pushes the piston, thus achieving engine exhaust. When the signal generator is working, the first switch 152 and the second switch 156 receive incident light and reflect it to the first limiting unit 154 and the second limiting unit 157. The first limiting unit 154 and the second limiting unit 157 receive the light trigger signal, limiting the first impact-resistant slip ring 153 and the second impact-resistant slip ring 158.

[0095] When the actuator is subjected to a large impact force, the pressure sensor 17 detects an impact force exceeding the threshold of the disc spring 18. At this time, the signal generator of the light controller 3 is turned off, and no light trigger signal is emitted. Since the first limit unit 154 and the second limit unit 157 do not detect the light trigger signal, the first limit unit 154 releases its limit on the first impact-resistant slip ring 153, and the second limit unit 157 releases its limit on the second impact-resistant slip ring 158. The first impact-resistant slip ring 153 pops out towards the rear bearing 191, preventing the rear bearing 191 from directly colliding with the rear end cover 131; the second impact-resistant slip ring 158 pops out towards the front bearing 192, preventing the front bearing 192 from directly colliding with the front end cover 132, thus preventing the rear bearing 191 and the front bearing 192 from being directly subjected to a large impact force. When the pressure sensor 17 detects that the large impact force has disappeared, the signal generator is turned on by the light controller 3. The first limit unit 154 retracts the first impact-resistant slip ring 153, and the second limit unit 157 retracts the second impact-resistant slip ring 158.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant actuating device, characterized in that: It includes a motor (1), an actuation mechanism (2), and a light controller (3); the output end of the motor (1) is connected to the input end of the actuation mechanism (2) to drive the actuation mechanism (2) to perform linear motion; the light controller (3) is connected to the motor (1); The motor (1) includes a motor housing, a motor shaft (10) coaxially disposed in the motor housing, and a rear brake device (11), a rear end cover (131), a rear bearing (191), a stator and rotor assembly, a front bearing (192), a front end cover (132) and a front brake device (16) located in the motor housing and installed on the motor shaft (10) from back to front. The motor shaft (10) has a central hole along the axial direction for transmitting light triggering signals; the rear braking device (11) and the front braking device (16) are radially locked to the motor shaft (10); The rear bearing (191) is mounted on the rear end cover (131), and a set of pressure sensing components is provided between the rear end cover (131) and the rear end cover (131) in the axial direction; the front bearing (192) is mounted on the front end cover (132), and another set of pressure sensing components is provided between the front end cover (132) and the front end cover (132) in the axial direction; the two sets of pressure sensing components are used to collect the impact force on the rear end cover (131) and the front end cover (132) respectively, and transmit it to the optical controller (3); The stator and rotor assembly includes a stator (14) and a rotor (15) arranged coaxially from the outside to the inside; the rotor (15) includes a first switch (152) and a second switch (156) installed in the center hole, and a first impact-resistant slip ring (153), a first limiting unit (154), a magnet (155), a second limiting unit (157) and a second impact-resistant slip ring (158) sequentially mounted on the motor shaft (10) from back to front; the magnet (155) is located inside the stator (14); The first limiting unit (154) is located between the motor shaft (10) and the front bearing (192) and is connected to the first impact-resistant slip ring (153); the second limiting unit (157) is located between the motor shaft (10) and the rear bearing (191) and is connected to the second impact-resistant slip ring (158); the first switch (152) and the second switch (156) are respectively used to control the conduction or deactivation of the light trigger signal, and then control the operation of the first limiting unit (154) and the second limiting unit (157) through the light trigger signal; a resolver sensor (12) sleeved on the motor shaft (10) is also provided on the side of the rear end cover (131) near the rear braking device (11), which is used to put the first switch (152) and the second switch (156) in the initial position when the motor shaft (10) is stationary; The light controller (3) includes a signal generator installed on one end of the motor shaft (10) where the rear braking device (11) is mounted. The signal generator is a light signal generator used to generate a light trigger signal. The light trigger signal passes through the central hole and passes through the first switch (152) and the second switch (156) respectively, thereby triggering the first limiting unit (154) and the second limiting unit (157) to limit the first impact-resistant slip ring (153) and the second impact-resistant slip ring (158) respectively.

2. The impact-resistant actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light emitted by the signal generator propagates within the central hole in a direction parallel to the axis of the central hole. The second switch (156) includes a switch housing (1563), and a balance ball (1561) and a reflector (1562) located inside the switch housing (1563); The switch housing (1563) has an entrance hole on the side facing the rear braking device (11), and a reflection hole is provided on the upper surface of the switch housing (1563). The reflector (1562) is placed at an angle inside the switch housing (1563), and its reflective surface faces the entrance hole and the reflection hole; the lower end of the reflector (1562) is connected to the bottom of the entrance hole, and the upper end is connected to the opposite side of the side where the entrance hole is located. The balance ball (1561) is located on the reflecting surface of the mirror (1562), and its diameter is larger than the aperture of the entrance hole and the reflecting hole. When the motor shaft (10) is stationary, the balance ball (1561) is located at the entrance hole, and light cannot pass through the entrance hole; when the motor shaft (10) rotates, the balance ball (1561) moves to the upper end of the reflector (1562) under the action of centrifugal force, the second switch (156) is in the open state, and light passes through the entrance hole and is output from the reflection hole. The initial positions of the first switch (152) and the second switch (156) refer to the positions when the reflective aperture is higher than the incident aperture. The first switch (152) and the second switch (156) have the same structure and are placed in a horizontally symmetrical position.

3. The impact-resistant actuating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second limiting unit (157) includes a photosensitive switch (1571), a miniature electromagnet (1572), and a limiting spring (1573); the photosensitive switch (1571) is connected to the miniature electromagnet (1572), and the miniature electromagnet (1572) is connected to the limiting spring (1573). The second impact-resistant slip ring (158) includes a magnetic unit (1581) and an impact-resistant unit (1582); The limiting spring (1573) is connected to the magnetic unit (1581), and the magnetic unit (1581) is connected to the impact-resistant unit (1582). The photosensitive switch (1571) is normally open. When the photosensitive switch (1571) is normally open, the miniature electromagnet (1572) is separated from the magnetic unit (1581). The magnetic unit (1581) and the shock-resistant unit (1582) are in a pop-out state and withstand the impact force. The photosensitive switch (1571) closes after receiving a light trigger signal. The miniature electromagnet (1572) generates a magnetic attraction force after the photosensitive switch (1571) is closed and energized, which is used to attract the magnetic unit (1581) and the shock-resistant unit (1582), so that the second limiting unit (157) is limited. The first limiting unit (154) and the second limiting unit (157) have the same structure; The first impact-resistant slip ring (153) and the second impact-resistant slip ring (158) have the same structure.

4. An impact-resistant actuating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The rear braking device (11) includes a rear housing (112), and a magnetic body (111), two rear limiting rings (113), a first spring (114), a second spring (116), a second guiding structure (117), a magnetic shielding structure (118), and a rear locking unit (119) installed in the rear housing (112). The motor shaft (10) passes through the rear housing (112), and two rear locking units (119) are fastened and spliced ​​on one side of the motor shaft (10) and sleeved on the motor shaft (10); The two rear locking units (119) are provided with stepped structures on the other side away from the motor shaft (10), and the two first springs (114) are located on the two stepped structures respectively, with their outer sides abutting against the corresponding rear limiting rings (113); The two magnetic shielding structures (118) are respectively disposed on the other side of the two rear locking units (119) inside the rear housing (112), and form a magnetic shielding space between them and the rear housing (112), with one end of them extending out of the rear housing (112); The magnetic body (111) is installed in the magnetically shielded space and is fixed to the inner wall of the rear housing (112); One end of the second spring (116) is connected to the magnetic shielding structure (118), and the other end is connected to the magnetic body (111); the second guiding structure (117) is installed inside the second spring (116) and fitted on the outside of the magnetic shielding structure (118) for guiding the second spring (116) when it extends or retracts; The outer ends of the two rear limiting rings (113) are respectively fixed on the side wall of the rear housing (112), and the inner ends are adapted to the outer side wall of the stepped structure; The magnetic shielding structure (118) is used to extend the magnetic body (111) when the second spring (116) extends and retracts, attracting the magnetic body (111) to the rear locking unit (119), so that the rear locking unit (119) unlocks the motor shaft (10).

5. The impact-resistant actuating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front braking device (16) includes a front housing (167), and two windings (161), a front limiting ring (162), a front braking spring (163), a front locking unit (165), and a winding magnetic yoke (166) disposed in the front housing (167); The motor shaft (10) passes through the front housing (167), and two front locking units (165) are fastened and spliced ​​on the side of the motor shaft (10) and sleeved on the motor shaft (10); The two front locking units (165) are provided with stepped structures on the other side away from the motor shaft (10), and the two front braking springs (163) are located on the two stepped structures respectively, with their outer sides abutting against the corresponding front limiting rings (162). The two wound magnetic yokes (166) are located on the other side of the two front locking units (165) and are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the front housing (167); The two windings (161) are respectively wound on two winding yokes (166); The outer ends of the two front limiting rings (162) are respectively fixed on the side wall of the front housing (167), and the inner ends are adapted to the outer side wall of the stepped structure; The wound magnetic yoke (166) is used to generate magnetic attraction after being energized and attract the front locking unit (165), so that the front locking unit (165) unlocks the motor shaft (10).

6. The impact-resistant actuating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear braking device (11) further includes two first guiding structures (115); the two first guiding structures (115) are respectively arranged radially between the two rear locking units (119) and the inner wall of the rear housing (112); The front braking device (16) further includes two front guiding structures (164), which are respectively arranged radially between the front locking unit (165) and the inner wall of the front housing (167).

7. The impact-resistant actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensing assembly includes a pressure sensor (17) and a butterfly spring (18). The two pressure sensors (17) are respectively embedded on the side of the rear end cover (131) and the front end cover (132) near the stator and rotor assembly. The two butterfly springs (18) are respectively disposed between the rear bearing (191) and the rear end cover (131) and between the front bearing (192) and the front end cover (132), and respectively correspond to the two pressure sensors (17).

8. The impact-resistant actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear (101) is provided on the output end of the motor shaft (10); The actuation mechanism (2) includes an output shaft (22) and a planetary gear (21) disposed at one end of the output shaft (22), wherein the planetary gear (21) meshes with the gear (101).

9. The impact-resistant actuating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first pressure sensor (120) is respectively provided between one end of the two rear limiting rings (113) facing the magnetic shielding structure (118) and the rear housing (112); A second pressure sensor (168) is provided between each of the two wound magnetic yokes (166) and the two front locking units (165).

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