Process and device for preparing chemical nickel through ultralow-temperature high-vacuum continuous rectification and absorption separation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and particularly discloses a process and a device for preparing chemical nickel through ultralow-temperature high-vacuum continuous rectification and absorption separation. The device for preparing the chemical nickel through ultralow-temperature high-vacuum continuous rectification and absorption separation comprises a raw material processing assembly, a rectification assembly and a pipeline assembly, the raw material processing assembly comprises a mixing tank and a filter, and the filter is arranged below the mixing tank and connected with the mixing tank; the rectification assembly comprises a first rectification tower, a first condenser, a first return tank, a second rectification tower, a second condenser and a second return tank. Through the integrated design of raw material treatment and double-tower rectification, the preparation process of chemical nickel is simplified, steam and produced liquid can be recycled and separated and purified for multiple times in the rectification process, energy consumption is reduced, and the production efficiency and the product purity are integrally improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, and in particular to a process and a device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature and high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation. Background Art

[0002] In the chemical industry, the preparation and purification of nickel has always been an important and complex topic. In the traditional chemical nickel preparation and distillation process, there are problems such as cumbersome procedures, discontinuous distillation process, uneven raw material mixing, incomplete impurity removal, and low distillation efficiency and precision. These problems directly affect the quality and purity of the product and affect production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a process and device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature and high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation to solve at least one technical problem in the background technology.

[0004] A device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation, comprising a raw material processing component, a distillation component and a pipeline component, the raw material processing component comprising a mixing tank and a filter, the filter is arranged below the mixing tank and connected to the mixing tank, a raw material discharge pipe and a first valve are extended below the mixing tank, the filter is connected to the mixing tank through the raw material discharge pipe, the first valve is arranged in the middle of the raw material discharge pipe, a filter discharge pipe and a second valve are arranged below the filter, and the second valve is arranged on the filter discharge pipe; the distillation component comprises a first distillation tower, a first condenser, a first reflux tank, a second distillation tower, a second Condenser and second reflux tank, the first distillation tower is adjacent to the filter and is connected through a filter discharge pipe, the first condenser is connected to the first distillation tower through a pipeline assembly, the first condenser is arranged above the side of the first distillation tower away from the filter, the first reflux tank is connected to the first condenser and is arranged below the first condenser, the second distillation tower is equal in size to the first distillation tower and is connected through a pipeline assembly, the second condenser is connected to the second distillation tower through a pipeline assembly, the second condenser is arranged above the side of the second distillation tower away from the first distillation tower, and the second reflux tank is connected to the second condenser and is arranged below the second condenser.

[0005] In one embodiment, a plurality of circular combined tower plates are arranged inside the first distillation tower and the second distillation tower, a tower plate fulcrum is arranged at one end of the combined tower plate, the combined tower plate is fixed to the inner wall of the distillation tower through the tower plate fulcrum, and the other end of the combined tower plate is suspended inside the distillation tower, and the plurality of tower plate fulcrums are staggered on the left and right sides of the inner walls of the distillation towers, respectively, so that the plurality of combined tower plates are staggered inside the first distillation tower and the second distillation tower to form a serpentine distillation section, and a tension spring is further provided on the upper end surface of the combined tower plate and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the distillation tower, the length of the combined tower plate is less than the diameter length of the first distillation tower and the second distillation tower, and the combined tower plate includes a first tower plate and a second tower plate, the first tower plate is an elastic plate with an arc surface on the top and a flat surface on the bottom, and the second tower plate is an elastic plate with an arc surface on the top and a flat surface on the bottom. The first tower plate is an elastic plate with flat surfaces, the tower plate fulcrum is arranged on a side end surface of the first tower plate, and the edge of one end of each of the first tower plates away from the tower plate fulcrum is provided with a hook-shaped overflow weir bent inwardly, the first tower plate and the second tower plate are provided with slide grooves of the same length at positions offset by ninety degrees from the tower plate fulcrum to both sides of the tower plates, and sliding blocks are provided on the slide grooves on both sides of the second tower plate, the sliding blocks are inverted "L" shape, and the upper ends of the sliding blocks are slidably arranged on the upper end surface of the first tower plate; the second tower plate is arranged below the first tower plate through the embracing and fitting of the sliding blocks, and the first tower plate and the second tower plate are both provided with a plurality of air holes penetrating the upper and lower sides, and the air holes on the first tower plate and the second tower plate correspond to each other one by one when there is no external force.

[0006] In one embodiment, support columns are further provided inside the first distillation tower and the second distillation tower, and two ends of the support columns are respectively abutted and fixed on the opposite inner walls of the distillation towers, and the support columns are arranged below the combined tower plates, and a gap is formed between the support columns and the combined tower plates. A plurality of outwardly protruding active areas are also provided on the side walls of the first distillation tower and the second distillation tower, and a plurality of tower plate fulcrums penetrate the inner walls of the first distillation tower and the second distillation tower and are clamped in the active areas. A support rod is also extended downwardly from the end of the first tower plate where the tower plate fulcrum is provided, and the support rod is connected to the first tower plate body through the tower plate fulcrum, and a "C"-shaped active rod is connected to the middle part of the support rod, and a hinge point is provided in the middle part of the active rod, and a spring is provided at the end of the active rod that is not connected to the support rod, and the active rod is connected to the end of the second tower plate through the spring.

[0007] In one embodiment, it also includes an absorption separation component and a product collection tank, wherein the absorption separation component is connected to the second tower top discharge port via the second tower top discharge pipe, and the product collection tank is connected to the second tower bottom discharge port via the second tower bottom discharge pipe.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the present invention also provides a process for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation, which is applied to the device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) placing the pretreated raw material for preparing nickel and the solvent into a mixing tank, starting a heating system to heat the inside of the mixing tank, and driving a first stirring rod and a second stirring rod to rotate to form a three-dimensional stirring effect, so that the raw materials are evenly mixed to obtain a mixed raw material;

[0010] (2) After the raw materials are heated, stirred and mixed, the first valve is opened to allow the mixed raw materials to flow into the filter for filtration to remove impurities and particulate matter in the raw materials and obtain filtered raw materials;

[0011] (3) After the raw material is filtered, the second valve is opened to allow the filtered raw material to flow into the first distillation tower, and the first kettle reboiler is started, and the first distillation tower performs preliminary distillation on the filtered raw material;

[0012] (4) The first distillation tower separates the primary tower top vapor and the primary tower bottom solution. The primary tower top vapor enters the first condenser for condensation. The primary condensate passes through the first reflux tank to form the primary reflux liquid and the primary tower top product liquid. The primary reflux liquid refluxes into the first distillation tower for cyclic distillation, while the primary tower top product liquid and the primary tower bottom solution flow into the second distillation tower for secondary distillation.

[0013] (5) Start the second kettle reboiler, the second distillation tower separates the secondary tower top vapor and the secondary tower bottom solution, the secondary tower top vapor enters the second condenser for condensation, the secondary condensate passes through the second reflux tank to form the secondary reflux liquid and the secondary tower top product liquid, the secondary reflux liquid refluxes into the second distillation tower for circulating distillation, and the secondary tower top product liquid flows into the absorption separation component for further purification, and the secondary tower bottom solution flows into the product collection tank for collection.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The raw material processing components and distillation components can be connected in series through pipeline components, forming an integrated design of raw material processing and double-tower distillation, simplifying the preparation process of chemical nickel and realizing efficient, continuous and automated operation of the chemical nickel preparation process. In the distillation process, steam and product liquid can be recycled and separated and purified multiple times, reducing energy consumption and improving production efficiency and product purity as a whole.

[0016] 2. The first condenser and the second condenser are both provided with staggered and inclined condenser tubes to form a serpentine condensation channel. Through the compact structural design, the condensation path is extended in a limited space, the heat exchange area is increased, and the condensation area of ​​the steam convection into the first condenser and the second condenser can be increased, which greatly improves the condensation efficiency. The inclined design can facilitate the rapid outflow of condensate, reduce residue, improve equipment utilization, and help reduce the residence time of the fluid in the first condenser and the second condenser, thereby reducing pressure drop and energy consumption.

[0017] 3. Through the arc design of the first tower plate, when the liquid flows on the combined tower plate, it is guided by the arc surface and can flow to the next tower plate more smoothly, avoiding the disordered flow of the liquid on the tower plate, thereby maintaining the stable flow state of the fluid in the tower. When the liquid flows out from the hook-shaped overflow weir, due to the obstruction of the hook-shaped overflow weir, it can generate greater potential energy for the splashed liquid, so that part of the liquid splashes upward and can be dispersed more evenly, which is conducive to the evaporation of the liquid, and the other part flows evenly to the next combined tower plate, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the liquid flow in the tower.

[0018] 4. The absorption and separation components are set up to perform final purification on the products after distillation to ensure effective removal of residual impurities and trace components. As a supplement to the distillation process, the absorption and separation components can further improve the purity and quality of the products and meet higher standards of application requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an overall plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of center A.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a first condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional half-section schematic diagram of a first distillation tower according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic plan view of a half-section of a first distillation tower according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 The top view of the combined tower plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0027] In the figure: 10, raw material processing assembly; 11, mixing tank; 110, raw material discharge pipe; 111, first valve; 112, first stirring rod; 113, second stirring rod; 114, raw material inlet; 115, raw material outlet; 12, filter; 120, filter discharge pipe; 121, second valve; 20, distillation assembly; 21, first distillation tower; 211, first distillation feed inlet; 212, first kettle reboiler; 213, first reflux feed inlet; 214, first steam outlet; 215, first tower bottom outlet; 22, first condenser; 220, condenser tube; 221, first condensation feed port; 222, first condensation outlet; 23, first reflux tank; 231, first tank port; 232, first reflux outlet; 233, first tower top outlet; 24, second rectification tower; 241, second kettle reboiler; 242, second rectification feed port; 243, third rectification feed port; 244, second reflux feed port; 245, second steam outlet; 246, The second bottom discharge port; 25, the second condenser; 251, the second condensation feed port; 252, the second condensation discharge port; 26, the second reflux tank; 261, the second tank port; 262, the second reflux discharge port; 263, the second top discharge port; 27, the combined tray; 270, the tray support point; 271, the tension spring; 272, the first tray; 273, the second tray; 274, the hook-shaped overflow weir; 275, the sliding block; 276, the air hole; 277, the support column; 28, the activity area; 2 81. Support rod; 282. Movable rod; 283. Hinge point; 284. Spring; 30. Pipe assembly; 300. First steam pipe; 301. First condensation discharge pipe; 302. First reflux pipe; 303. First tower top discharge pipe; 304. First tower bottom discharge pipe; 305. Second steam pipe; 306. Second condensation discharge pipe; 307. Second reflux pipe; 308. Second tower top discharge pipe; 309. Second tower bottom discharge pipe; 40. Absorption separation assembly; 50. Product collection tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thoroughly understood.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 4 , a device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation, comprising a raw material processing component 10, a distillation component 20 and a pipeline component 30, the raw material processing component 10 comprises a mixing tank 11 and a filter 12, the filter 12 is arranged below the mixing tank 11 and connected to the mixing tank 11, a raw material discharge pipe 110 and a first valve 111 are extended below the mixing tank 11, the filter 12 is connected to the mixing tank 11 through the raw material discharge pipe 110, the first valve 111 is arranged in the middle of the raw material discharge pipe 110, a filter discharge pipe 120 and a second valve 121 are arranged below the filter 12, and the second valve 121 is arranged on the filter discharge pipe 120; the distillation component 20 comprises a first distillation tower 21, a first condenser 22, a first reflux tank 23, a second distillation tower 24, a first condenser 25, a first reflux tank 26, a second distillation tower 27, a first condenser 28, a first reflux tank 29, a second condenser 30, a first reflux tank 31, a second condenser 32, a first reflux tank 33, a second condenser 34, a first condenser 35, a first condenser 36, a first condenser 37, a first condenser 38, a first condenser 39, a first condenser 31, a first condenser 39, a first condenser 31, a first condenser 31, a first condenser 32, a first condenser 33, a first condenser 34, a first condenser 35, a first condenser 36, a first condenser 37, a first condenser 38, a first condenser 39, The first distillation tower 21 is adjacent to the filter 12 and connected through the filter discharge pipe 120, the first condenser 22 is connected to the first distillation tower 21 through the pipeline assembly 30, the first condenser 22 is arranged above the side of the first distillation tower 21 away from the filter 12, the first reflux tank 23 is connected to the first condenser 22 and arranged below the first condenser 22, the second distillation tower 24 is equal in size to the first distillation tower 21 and is connected and arranged through the pipeline assembly 30, the second condenser 25 is connected to the second distillation tower 24 through the pipeline assembly 30, the second condenser 25 is arranged above the side of the second distillation tower 24 away from the first distillation tower 21, and the second reflux tank 26 is connected to the second condenser 25 and arranged below the second condenser 25. For example, the device for the process of preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature and high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation of the present invention, especially a device for preparing chemical nickel by continuous distillation and absorption separation, can also be a device for preparing chemical nickel by continuous distillation.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, a heating system, a first stirring rod 112, a second stirring rod 113, a raw material inlet 114 and a raw material outlet 115 are provided inside the mixing tank 11. The heating system can heat the inside of the mixing tank 11. The first stirring rod 112 and the second stirring rod 113 are both in the shape of spiral tubes. The raw material inlet 114 is opened in the middle of the upper end surface of the mixing tank 11, and the raw material outlet 115 is opened in the middle of the lower end surface of the mixing tank 11. The first stirring rod 112 is adjacent to the right side of the raw material inlet 114 and is perpendicular to the upper end surface of the mixing tank 11. The second stirring rod 113 is adjacent to the left side of the raw material outlet 115 and is perpendicular to the lower end surface of the mixing tank 11.

[0033] In one embodiment, the heating system in the mixing tank 11 has a precise temperature control program to ensure that the raw materials are preliminarily mixed under suitable temperature conditions to avoid side reactions caused by high temperature. The first stirring rod 112 and the second stirring rod 113 are respectively located on the upper right and lower left sides of the mixing tank 11. They are driven to rotate by a motor to form a three-dimensional stirring effect on the left and right parts of the raw materials in the mixing tank 11, ensuring that the raw materials and the solvent can be evenly mixed and reacted.

[0034] In one embodiment, the filter 12 is used to remove impurities and particulate matter in the raw material. The filter 12 uses a high-efficiency filter medium, such as a metal mesh or a ceramic filter element, to ensure the filtering effect. The outlet of the filter 12 is connected to the feed port of the first distillation tower 21 to provide clean and uniform raw materials for the next process.

[0035] The first distillation tower 21 is also provided with a first distillation feed port 211, a first kettle reboiler 212, a first reflux feed port 213, a first steam outlet 214 and a first bottom outlet 215. The first kettle reboiler 212 is arranged at the lower side of the end face of the first distillation tower 21 away from the filter 12, the first distillation feed port 211 is opened on the upper side of the end face of the first distillation tower 21 close to the filter 12, the first distillation feed port 211 is connected to the filter 12 through a filter outlet pipe 120, the first reflux feed port 213 is opened on the upper side of the end face opposite to the first distillation feed port 211, the first steam outlet 214 is opened at the top of the first distillation tower 21, and the first bottom outlet 215 is opened at the bottom of the first distillation tower 21; the second distillation tower 24 is also provided with a first distillation feed port 211, a first kettle reboiler 212 is arranged at the lower side of the end face of the first distillation tower 21 away from the filter 12, the first distillation feed port 211 is opened on the upper side of the end face of the first distillation tower 21 close to the filter 12, the first distillation feed port 211 is connected to the filter 12 through a filter outlet pipe 120, the first reflux feed port 213 is opened on the upper side of the end face opposite to the first distillation feed port 211, the first steam outlet 214 is opened at the top of the first distillation tower 21, and the first bottom outlet 215 is opened at the bottom of the first distillation tower 21; A second kettle reboiler 241, a second distillation feed inlet 242, a third distillation feed inlet 243, a second reflux feed inlet 244, a second steam outlet 245 and a second bottom discharge port 246 are provided. The second kettle reboiler 241 is provided at the lower side of the end face of the second distillation tower 24 away from the first distillation tower 21, the second distillation feed inlet 242 is opened at the upper side of the end face of the second distillation tower 24 close to the first distillation tower 21, the third distillation feed inlet 243 is opened at the lower side of the end face of the second distillation tower 24 close to the first distillation tower 21, the second reflux feed inlet 244 is opened at the upper side of the end face opposite to the second distillation feed inlet 242, the second steam outlet 245 is opened at the top of the second distillation tower 24, and the second bottom discharge port 246 is opened at the bottom of the second distillation tower 24.

[0036] In one embodiment, after the raw material is filtered, it flows from the filter 12 into the first distillation tower 21, and the first kettle reboiler 212 is started, and the first distillation tower 21 performs preliminary distillation on the filtered raw material. The first distillation tower 21 separates the primary tower top vapor and the primary tower bottom solution, and the primary tower top vapor enters the first condenser 22 for condensation, and the primary condensate passes through the first reflux tank 23 to form the primary reflux liquid and the primary tower top product liquid, and the primary reflux liquid refluxes into the first distillation tower 21 for cyclic distillation, and the primary tower top product liquid and the primary tower bottom solution will flow into the second distillation tower 24 for the second distillation;

[0037] In one embodiment, the second kettle reboiler 241 is started, and the second distillation tower 24 separates the secondary tower top vapor and the secondary tower bottom solution. The secondary tower top vapor enters the second condenser 25 for condensation, and the secondary condensate passes through the second reflux tank 26 to form a secondary reflux liquid and a secondary tower top product liquid. The secondary reflux liquid is refluxed into the second distillation tower 24 for circulating distillation, and the secondary tower top product liquid flows into the absorption and separation component 40 for further purification, and the secondary tower bottom solution flows into the product collection tank 50 for collection and reprocessing.

[0038] like Figure 4As shown, a first condensation feed inlet 221 is opened on the left wall of the first condenser 22, a first condensation discharge port 222 is opened at the bottom of the first condenser 22, a second condensation feed inlet 251 is opened on the left wall of the second condenser 25, a second condensation discharge port 252 is opened at the bottom of the second condenser 25, and a plurality of staggered and obliquely arranged condensation tubes 220 are arranged inside the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25, and the length of the condensation tubes 220 is smaller than the cross-sectional length of the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25. The plurality of condensation tubes 220 form a serpentine condensation channel inside the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25, and the first condensation discharge port 222 and the second condensation discharge port 252 are respectively adjacent to the inclined ends of the last row of condensation tubes 220 opened inside the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25.

[0039] In one embodiment, the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25 are both provided with staggered and inclined condenser tubes 220 to form a serpentine condensation channel. Through the compact structural design, the condensation path is extended in a limited space, the heat exchange area is increased, and the condensation area of ​​the steam flowing into the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25 can be increased, which greatly improves the condensation efficiency. The inclined design can facilitate the rapid outflow of condensate, reduce residue, improve equipment utilization, and help reduce the residence time of the fluid in the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25, thereby reducing pressure drop and energy consumption.

[0040] A first tank opening 231 is provided on the upper end surface of the first reflux tank 23, and a first reflux outlet 232 and a first tower top outlet 233 are provided on the lower end surface of the first reflux tank 23. The first reflux outlet 232 and the first tower top outlet 233 are far away from each other and respectively close to the two ends below the first reflux tank 23. A second tank opening 261 is provided on the upper part of the second reflux tank 26, and a second reflux outlet 262 and a second tower top outlet 263 are provided below the second reflux tank 26. The second reflux outlet 262 and the second tower top outlet 263 are far away from each other and respectively close to the two ends below the second reflux tank 26.

[0041] The process and device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation also include a pipeline assembly 30, which includes a first steam pipe 300, a first condensation discharge pipe 301, a first reflux pipe 302, a first tower top discharge pipe 303, a first tower bottom discharge pipe 304, a second steam pipe 305, a second condensation discharge pipe 306, a second reflux pipe 307, a second tower top discharge pipe 308 and a second tower bottom discharge pipe 309; the first condensation discharge pipe 301 and the second condensation discharge pipe 306 are both funnel-shaped pipes, the first steam outlet 214 is connected to the first condensation feed port 221 through the first steam pipe 300, the first tank port 231 is connected to the first condensation discharge port 222 through the first condensation discharge pipe 301, and the first reflux discharge pipe 305 is connected to the first condensation discharge port 222. The first tower top discharge port 233 is connected to the second distillation feed port 242 through the first tower top discharge port 303, the first tower bottom discharge port 215 is connected to the third distillation feed port 243 through the first tower bottom discharge port 304, the second steam outlet 245 is connected to the first condensation feed port 221 through the second steam pipe 305, the second tank port 261 is connected to the second condensation discharge port 252 through the second condensation discharge pipe 306, the second reflux discharge port 262 is connected to the second reflux feed port 244 through the second reflux pipe 307, the second tower top discharge port 308 is connected to the second tower top discharge port 263, and the second tower bottom discharge port 309 is connected to the second tower bottom discharge port 246.

[0042] In one embodiment, the raw material processing assembly 10 and the distillation assembly 20 can be connected in series through the pipeline assembly 30, forming an integrated design of raw material processing and double-tower distillation, simplifying the nickel preparation process, and realizing efficient, continuous and automated operation of the chemical nickel preparation process. During the distillation process, steam and product liquid can be recycled and separated and purified multiple times, reducing energy consumption and improving production efficiency and product purity as a whole.

[0043] like Figure 5-6As shown, in one embodiment, a plurality of circular combined tower plates 27 are disposed inside the first distillation tower 21 and the second distillation tower 24, and a tower plate fulcrum 270 is disposed at one end of the combined tower plate 27, and the combined tower plate 27 is fixed to the inner wall of the distillation tower through the tower plate fulcrum 270, and the other end of the combined tower plate 27 is suspended inside the distillation tower, and the plurality of tower plate fulcrums 270 are staggered on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the distillation tower, respectively, so that the plurality of combined tower plates 27 are staggered inside the first distillation tower 21 and the second distillation tower 24 to form a serpentine distillation section, and the upper end surface of the combined tower plate 27 is also provided with a tension spring 271 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the distillation tower, and the combined tower plate 2 7 is less than the diameter length of the first distillation tower 21 and the second distillation tower 24. The combined tower plate 27 includes a first tower plate 272 and a second tower plate 273. The first tower plate 272 is an elastic plate with an arc-shaped top and a flat bottom. The second tower plate 273 is an elastic plate with flat top and bottom. The tower plate fulcrum 270 is set on a side end surface of the first tower plate 272. The edge of one end of each first tower plate 272 away from the tower plate fulcrum 270 is provided with an inwardly curved hook-shaped overflow weir 274. The first tower plate 272 and the second tower plate 273 are both provided with a slide groove of the same length at a position offset by 90 degrees from the tower plate fulcrum 270 to both sides of the tower plate. Please refer to Figure 7 In one embodiment, sliding blocks 275 are provided on the slide grooves on both sides of the second tower plate 273, and the sliding blocks 275 are inverted "L" shape. The upper end of the sliding block 275 is slidably set on the upper end surface of the first tower plate 272; the second tower plate 273 is set below the first tower plate 272 through the engagement of the sliding block 275, and the first tower plate 272 and the second tower plate 273 are both provided with a plurality of air holes 276 penetrating the upper and lower sides. When there is no external force, the air holes 276 on the first tower plate 272 and the second tower plate 273 correspond to each other one by one.

[0044] See also Figure 8In one embodiment, the arc-shaped design of the first tray 272 allows the liquid to flow more smoothly to the next tray under the guidance of the arc-shaped surface when flowing on the combined tray 27, avoiding disordered flow of the liquid on the tray, thereby maintaining a stable flow state of the fluid in the tower, and the hook-shaped overflow weir 274 can more effectively control the outflow of the liquid, so that a certain thickness of liquid layer is maintained on the first tray 272, ensuring that the gas-liquid two-phase has sufficient contact area and time for mass transfer and heat transfer, and the hook-shaped overflow weir 274 can also evenly distribute the liquid on the tray to the next tray, avoiding the situation where the local liquid flow is too large or too small. When the liquid flows out from the hook-shaped overflow weir 274, due to the obstruction of the hook-shaped overflow weir 274, it can generate greater potential energy for the splashed liquid, so that part of the liquid splashes upward and can be more evenly dispersed, which is conducive to the evaporation of the liquid, and the other part flows evenly to the next combined tray 27. This process ensures the uniformity and stability of the liquid flow in the tower. The double-layer design of the combined tower plate 27 can also withstand large pressure and temperature changes, enhance the stability of the tower plate, and reduce the risk of deformation and damage of the tower plate.

[0045] The first distillation tower 21 and the second distillation tower 24 are further provided with support columns 277, the two ends of which are respectively supported and fixed on the opposite inner walls of the distillation towers, the support columns 277 are arranged below the combined tower plates 27, and a gap is formed between the support columns 277 and the combined tower plates 27. A plurality of outwardly protruding active areas 28 are further provided on the side walls of the first distillation tower 21 and the second distillation tower 24, and a plurality of tower plate fulcrums 270 penetrate the inner walls of the first distillation tower 21 and the second distillation tower 24 and are clamped on the active areas 28. In area 28, the end of the first tower plate 272 on which the tower plate fulcrum 270 is provided is also provided with a support rod 281 extending downwardly, the support rod 281 is connected to the main body of the first tower plate 272 through the tower plate fulcrum 270, a "C"-shaped movable rod 282 is connected to the middle part of the support rod 281, a hinge point 283 is provided in the middle part of the movable rod 282, a spring 284 is provided at the end of the movable rod 282 not connected to the support rod 281, and the movable rod 282 is connected to the end of the second tower plate 273 through the spring 284.

[0046] In one embodiment, when the raw material solution flowing into the first distillation tower 21 flows through the plurality of combined tower plates 27 in the tower, the raw material solution can be evenly distributed on the combined tower plates 27, and the raw material solution will be further dispersed through the pores 276, or a liquid gathering layer will be formed in the pores 276 due to the action of tension. When a part of the steam gas generated after the solution is distilled passes through the pores 276, it will be dispersed into fine streams. These streams contact the liquid gathering layer in the pores 276 on the tower plate, forming a close contact interface between the gas-liquid two phases, thereby realizing the mass transfer process.

[0047] In one embodiment, when the solution flows on the combined tray 27 and forms a stable liquid layer, and gradually settles in the concave area formed by the hook-shaped overflow weir 274, the liquid generates a certain gravity at the end of the combined tray 27, so that the combined tray 27 overcomes the tension of the tension spring 271 and presses down, and causes the first tray 272 and the fixed tray fulcrum 270 of the distillation tower to generate a reverse force, so that the support rod 281 pushes toward the side of the movable rod 282, driving the upper side of the movable rod 282 to generate a torsional force, so that the lower side of the movable rod 282 moves toward the side of the second tray 273. The second plate 273 is pushed forward. At this time, the sliding block 275 in the middle of the side of the second plate 273 slides in the slide groove, driving the extension of the spring 284 and the sliding of the second plate 273 as a whole under the first plate 272, so that the second plate 273 is misaligned with the first plate 272, so that the pores 276 on the second plate 273 are also misaligned with the pores 276 on the first plate 272. The liquid accumulation layer originally formed in the pores 276 will be disturbed, and the side wall of the pores 273 of the second plate 273 scrapes the bottom of the liquid in the pores 276 of the first plate 272, causing the liquid to be moved in the combined plate. The surface tension in 27 is destroyed, so that it is redistributed, so that the liquid can be more evenly covered on the combined tower plate 27, thereby optimizing the gas-liquid contact area, and the liquid in the liquid-collecting layer may interact more violently with the rising gas, increasing the mass transfer efficiency between the gas and the liquid. When too much liquid is deposited in the concave area of ​​the hook-shaped overflow weir 274, after the liquid splashes and falls, the gravity at the hook-shaped overflow weir 274 decreases, and the combined tower plate 27 will return to its original position in accordance with the tension of the tension spring 271. In the process, the first sliding block 275 will slide in the opposite direction, driving the spring 271 to move. The contraction of 284 and the overall return of the second tower plate 273 will cause the second tower plate 273 to generate a slight upward elastic force, which can collide with the first tower plate 272, further disturb the liquid on the first tower plate 272, break the static state of the liquid surface, increase the gas-liquid contact area, help promote the separation of the gas-liquid two phases, and make the gas rise more smoothly through the pores 276. It can also help clear the blockages on the pores 276 and the combined tower plate 27 to prevent the mass transfer efficiency from decreasing due to blockage, which is beneficial to maintaining the stable operation of the distillation tower and extending its service life.

[0048] For example, the device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature and high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation of the present invention also includes an absorption separation component 40 and a product collection tank 50. The absorption separation component 40 is connected to the second tower top discharge port 263 through the second tower top discharge pipe 308, and the product collection tank 50 is connected to the second tower bottom discharge port 246 through the second tower bottom discharge pipe 309.

[0049] The present invention also provides a process for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation, which is applied to the device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation as described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0050] (1) placing the pretreated raw materials for preparing nickel and the solvent into a mixing tank 11, starting a heating system to heat the interior of the mixing tank 11, and driving the first stirring rod 112 and the second stirring rod 113 to rotate to form a three-dimensional stirring effect, so that the raw materials are evenly mixed to obtain a mixed raw material;

[0051] (2) After the raw materials are heated, stirred and mixed, the first valve 111 is opened to allow the mixed raw materials to flow into the filter 12 for filtration to remove impurities and particulate matter in the raw materials and obtain filtered raw materials;

[0052] (3) After the raw material is filtered, the second valve 121 is opened to allow the filtered raw material to flow into the first distillation tower 21, and the first kettle reboiler 212 is started, and the first distillation tower 21 performs preliminary distillation on the filtered raw material;

[0053] (4) The first distillation tower 21 separates the primary tower top vapor and the primary tower bottom solution. The primary tower top vapor enters the first condenser 22 for condensation. The primary condensate passes through the first reflux tank 23 to form a primary reflux liquid and a primary tower top product liquid. The primary reflux liquid refluxes into the first distillation tower 21 for cyclic distillation, while the primary tower top product liquid and the primary tower bottom solution flow into the second distillation tower 24 for a second distillation.

[0054] (5) The second kettle reboiler 241 is started, and the second distillation tower 24 separates the secondary tower top vapor and the secondary tower bottom solution. The secondary tower top vapor enters the second condenser 25 for condensation, and the secondary condensate passes through the second reflux tank 26 to form a secondary reflux liquid and a secondary tower top product liquid. The secondary reflux liquid is refluxed into the second distillation tower 24 for circulating distillation, and the secondary tower top product liquid flows into the absorption separation component 40 for further purification, and the secondary tower bottom solution flows into the product collection tank 50 for collection.

[0055] The present invention can achieve:

[0056] 1. The raw material processing assembly 10 and the distillation assembly 20 can be connected in series through the pipeline assembly 30, forming an integrated design of raw material processing and double-tower distillation, simplifying the nickel preparation process, and realizing efficient, continuous and automated operation of the chemical nickel preparation process. During the distillation process, steam and product liquid can be recycled and separated and purified multiple times, reducing energy consumption and improving production efficiency and product purity as a whole.

[0057] 2. The first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25 are both provided with staggered and inclined condenser tubes 220, and a serpentine condensation channel is formed. Through the compact structural design, the condensation path is extended in a limited space, the heat exchange area is increased, and the condensation area of ​​the steam convection into the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25 can be increased, which greatly improves the condensation efficiency. The inclined design can facilitate the rapid outflow of condensate, reduce residue, improve equipment utilization, and help reduce the residence time of the fluid in the first condenser 22 and the second condenser 25, thereby reducing pressure drop and energy consumption.

[0058] 3. The arc-shaped design of the first tray 272 allows the liquid to flow more smoothly to the next tray under the guidance of the arc-shaped surface when flowing on the combined tray 27, avoiding disordered flow of the liquid on the tray, thereby maintaining a stable flow state of the fluid in the tower. When the liquid flows out from the hook-shaped overflow weir 274, due to the obstruction of the hook-shaped overflow weir 274, it can generate greater potential energy for the splashed liquid, so that part of the liquid splashes upward and can be more evenly dispersed, which is conducive to the evaporation of the liquid, and the other part flows evenly to the next combined tray 27, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the liquid flow in the tower. The double-layer design of the combined tray 27 can also withstand large pressure and temperature changes, enhance the stability of the tray, and reduce the risk of deformation and damage of the tray.

[0059] 4. The design of the combined tower plate 27 in the tower ensures that when the solution gradually settles in the concave area formed by the hook-shaped overflow weir 274, the combined tower plate 27 overcomes the tension of the tension spring 271 and presses down, causing the second tower plate 273 to be misaligned with the first tower plate 272. The liquid accumulation layer originally formed in the pores 276 will be disturbed, causing the liquid to be redistributed on the combined tower plate 27, so that the liquid can be more evenly covered on the combined tower plate 27, thereby optimizing the gas-liquid contact area, and the liquid in the liquid accumulation layer may interact more violently with the rising gas, increasing the mass transfer efficiency between gas and liquid. In the process of the second tower plate 273 returning to its original position, a slight upward elastic force will be generated on the first tower plate 272, which helps to promote the separation of the gas-liquid two phases, allowing the gas to rise more smoothly through the pores 276, and can also help clear the blockages on the pores 276 and the combined tower plate 27 to prevent the mass transfer efficiency from decreasing due to blockage, which is beneficial to maintaining the stable operation of the distillation tower and extending its service life.

[0060] 5. The absorption and separation component 40 uses chemical absorption or physical adsorption to perform final purification on the product after distillation to ensure effective removal of residual impurities and trace components. As a supplement to the distillation process, the absorption and separation component 40 can further improve the purity and quality of the product and meet higher standards of application requirements.

[0061] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature and high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a raw material processing component (10), a distillation component (20) and a pipeline component (30), wherein the raw material processing component (10) comprises a mixing tank (11) and a filter (12), wherein the filter (12) is arranged below the mixing tank (11) and is connected to the mixing tank (11), wherein a raw material discharge pipe (110) and a first valve (111) are extended below the mixing tank (11), wherein the filter (12) is connected to the mixing tank (11) via the raw material discharge pipe (110), wherein the first valve (111) is arranged in the middle of the raw material discharge pipe (110), and wherein the filter (12) is connected to the mixing tank (11) via the raw material discharge pipe (110). 12), a filter discharge pipe (120) and a second valve (121) are arranged below the filter discharge pipe (120), and the second valve (121) is arranged on the filter discharge pipe (120); the distillation assembly (20) comprises a first distillation tower (21), a first condenser (22), a first reflux tank (23), a second distillation tower (24), a second condenser (25) and a second reflux tank (26), the first distillation tower (21) is adjacent to the filter (12) and is connected through the filter discharge pipe (120), and the first condenser (22) is connected to the first distillation tower (21) through the pipeline assembly (30).

2. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first condenser (22) is arranged above the first distillation tower (21) on a side away from the filter (12); the first reflux tank (23) is connected to the first condenser (22) and is arranged below the first condenser (22); the second distillation tower (24) is equal in size to the first distillation tower (21) and is connected to the first distillation tower (21) through the pipeline assembly (30); the second condenser (25) is connected to the second distillation tower (24) through the pipeline assembly (30); the second condenser (25) is arranged above the second distillation tower (24) on a side away from the first distillation tower (21); and the second reflux tank (26) is connected to the second condenser (25) and is arranged below the second condenser (25).

3. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing tank (11) is provided with a heating system, a first stirring rod (112), a second stirring rod (113), a raw material inlet (114) and a raw material outlet (115). The heating system is capable of heating the interior of the mixing tank (11). The first stirring rod (112) and the second stirring rod (113) are both in the shape of spiral tubes. The raw material inlet (114) is opened in the middle of the upper end surface of the mixing tank (11). The raw material outlet (115) is opened in the middle of the lower end surface of the mixing tank (11). The first stirring rod (112) is adjacent to the right side of the raw material inlet (114) and is arranged perpendicular to the upper end surface of the interior of the mixing tank (11). The second stirring rod (113) is adjacent to the left side of the raw material outlet (115) and is arranged perpendicular to the lower end surface of the interior of the mixing tank (11).

4. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first distillation tower (21) is also provided with a first distillation feed inlet (211), a first kettle reboiler (212), a first reflux feed inlet (213), a first steam outlet (214) and a first bottom outlet (215); the first kettle reboiler (212) is arranged at the lower side of the end surface of the first distillation tower (21) away from the filter (12); the first distillation feed inlet (211) is opened at the upper side of the end surface of the first distillation tower (21) close to the filter (12); the first distillation feed inlet (211) is connected to the filter (12) through the filter outlet pipe (120); the first reflux feed inlet (213) is opened at the upper side of the end surface opposite to the first distillation feed inlet (211); the first steam outlet (214) is opened at the top of the first distillation tower (21); and the first bottom outlet (215) is opened at the bottom of the first distillation tower (21).

5. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second distillation tower (24) is also provided with a second kettle reboiler (241), a second distillation feed inlet (242), a third distillation feed inlet (243), a second reflux feed inlet (244), a second steam outlet (245) and a second bottom outlet (246). The second kettle reboiler (241) is arranged at the lower side of the end surface of the second distillation tower (24) away from the first distillation tower (21). The second distillation feed inlet (242) is opened at the second distillation tower (24). The third distillation feed port (243) is opened on the lower side of the end surface of the second distillation tower (24) close to the first distillation tower (21), the second reflux feed port (244) is opened on the upper side of the end surface opposite to the second distillation feed port (242), the second steam outlet (245) is opened at the top of the second distillation tower (24), and the second bottom discharge port (246) is opened at the bottom of the second distillation tower (24).

6. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first condensation feed port (221) is provided on the left side wall of the first condenser (22), a first condensation discharge port (222) is provided below the first condenser (22), a second condensation feed port (251) is provided on the left side wall of the second condenser (25), a second condensation discharge port (252) is provided below the second condenser (25), a plurality of staggered and obliquely arranged condensation tubes (220) are provided inside the first condenser (22) and the second condenser (25), the length of the condensation tubes (220) is less than the cross-sectional length of the first condenser (22) and the second condenser (25), a serpentine condensation channel is formed inside the first condenser (22) and the second condenser (25), the first condensation discharge port (222) and the second condensation discharge port (252) are respectively located adjacent to the inclined ends of the last row of the condensation tubes (220) inside the first condenser (22) and the second condenser (25).

7. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first reflux tank (23) is provided with a first tank opening (231) on the upper end surface, and a first reflux outlet (232) and a first tower top outlet (233) are provided on the lower end surface of the first reflux tank (23). The first reflux outlet (232) and the first tower top outlet (233) are separated from each other and respectively close to two ends below the first reflux tank (23). The second reflux tank (26) is provided with a second tank opening (261) on the upper side, and a second reflux outlet (262) and a second tower top outlet (263) are provided on the lower side of the second reflux tank (26). The second reflux outlet (262) and the second tower top outlet (263) are separated from each other and respectively close to two ends below the second reflux tank (26).

8. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also includes a pipeline assembly (30), wherein the pipeline assembly (30) includes a first steam pipe (300), a first condensation discharge pipe (301), a first reflux pipe (302), a first tower top discharge pipe (303), a first tower bottom discharge pipe (304), a second steam pipe (305), a second condensation discharge pipe (306), a second reflux pipe (307), a second tower top discharge pipe (308) and a second tower bottom discharge pipe (309); the first condensation discharge pipe (301) and the second condensation discharge pipe (306) are both funnel-shaped pipes, the first steam outlet (214) is connected to the first condensation feed port (221) through the first steam pipe (300), and the first tank port (231) is connected to the first condensation discharge port (222) through the first condensation discharge pipe (301).

9. The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first reflux outlet (232) is connected to the first reflux feed port (213) via the first reflux pipe (302), the first tower top outlet (233) is connected to the second rectification feed port (242) via the first tower top outlet pipe (303), the first tower bottom outlet (215) is connected to the third rectification feed port (243) via the first tower bottom outlet pipe (304), the second steam outlet (245) is connected to the first rectification feed port (242) via the second steam pipe (305), The second tank port (261) is connected to the second condensation discharge port (252) through the second condensation discharge pipe (306), the second reflux discharge port (262) is connected to the second reflux feed port (244) through the second reflux pipe (307), the second tower top discharge pipe (308) is connected to the second tower top discharge port (263), and the second tower bottom discharge pipe (309) is connected to the second tower bottom discharge port (246).

10. A process for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation, characterized in that: The device for preparing chemical nickel by ultra-low temperature high vacuum continuous distillation and absorption separation as claimed in claim 9 comprises the following steps: (1) placing the pretreated raw materials for preparing nickel and the solvent into the mixing tank (11), starting the heating system to heat the interior of the mixing tank (11), and driving the first stirring rod (112) and the second stirring rod (113) to rotate to form a three-dimensional stirring effect, so that the raw materials are evenly mixed to obtain a mixed raw material; (2) After the raw materials are heated, stirred and mixed, the first valve (111) is opened to allow the mixed raw materials to flow into the filter (12) for filtration to remove impurities and particulate matter in the raw materials and obtain filtered raw materials; (3) After the raw material is filtered, the second valve (121) is opened to allow the filtered raw material to flow into the first distillation tower (21), and the first kettle reboiler (212) is started, so that the first distillation tower (21) performs preliminary distillation on the filtered raw material; (4) The first distillation tower (21) separates primary tower top vapor and primary tower bottom solution, the primary tower top vapor enters the first condenser (22) for condensation, the primary condensate passes through the first reflux tank (23) to form primary reflux liquid and primary tower top product liquid, the primary reflux liquid refluxes into the first distillation tower (21) for cyclic distillation, and the primary tower top product liquid and the primary tower bottom solution flow into the second distillation tower (24) for secondary distillation; (5) The second kettle reboiler (241) is started, and the second distillation tower (24) separates the secondary tower top vapor and the secondary tower bottom solution. The secondary tower top vapor enters the second condenser (25) for condensation, and the secondary condensate passes through the second reflux tank (26) to form a secondary reflux liquid and a secondary tower top product liquid. The secondary reflux liquid is refluxed into the second distillation tower (24) for cyclic distillation, and the secondary tower top product liquid flows into the absorption separation component (40) for further purification, and the secondary tower bottom solution flows into the product collection tank (50) for collection.

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