Tailing thermal activation treatment device

Abstract

The invention provides a tailing thermal activation treatment device, and relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, the tailing thermal activation treatment device comprises a screening device for screening coarse tailings and fine tailings, the coarse tailings are conveyed to a heating cavity, and the fine tailings are conveyed to an entrained-flow bed cavity; the entrained-flow bed cavity is arranged above the heating cavity, a bed layer is arranged at the bottom and used for laying fine tailings, and a plurality of second ventilation openings are formed in the bed layer; an air duct communicated to the bed layer is arranged on the periphery of the heating cavity, a heating assembly is arranged in the air duct, a fan is arranged at an air inlet of the air duct, and airflow enters the entrained-flow bed cavity through the second ventilation opening after being heated by the heating assembly. Through the screening device, coarse tailings and fine tailings enter the entrained-flow bed cavity and the heating cavity respectively according to different heating requirements of the coarse tailings and the fine tailings, so that the problem of non-uniform heating of the tailings with different granularities in the thermal activation process of the tailings is effectively solved, the uniformity and high efficiency of heating of the tailings are realized, and the thermal activation treatment effect of the tailings is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and in particular to a tailings thermal activation treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Tailings are waste generated during the mining process of mineral resources, usually composed of mineral particles, sediment and useful minerals that have not been fully extracted. Traditionally, tailings are regarded as useless waste and are piled up or landfilled. However, with the increasing scarcity of resources, the resource utilization of tailings has gradually become an important issue in the mining industry. The reuse of tailings can not only reduce resource waste, but also effectively reduce environmental pollution and create economic value for mining companies.

[0003] The thermal activation treatment technology of tailings mainly heats the tailings at high temperature to change the mineral structure, thereby improving its reactivity and physical and chemical properties. The thermally activated tailings can be used as raw materials in industries such as building materials, cement, and cementitious materials, and have a high market value. Although the thermal activation treatment technology has a long history of development, the existing tailings thermal activation treatment device still has some technical problems, at least the following shortcomings:

[0004] (1) Traditional tailings thermal activation treatment equipment usually uses a simple heating furnace or fixed bed heating system. These devices lack fine control over tailings particles, resulting in uneven temperature distribution during the thermal activation process, which makes the heating effect of the tailings unsatisfactory and fails to fully activate the reactivity of the minerals.

[0005] (2) Tailings usually present a more complex particle size distribution. Traditional devices often feed tailings raw materials directly into the heating furnace or heating chamber, ignoring the effect of particle size on the heating effect. The heating requirements of fine particles and coarse particles in tailings are different. Fine particles require higher heat conduction efficiency, while coarse particles require stronger stirring and uniform heat distribution. In this case, mixed heating of tailings of different particle sizes will lead to uneven heating effects and affect the thermal activation quality of tailings.

[0006] (3) In the traditional thermal activation process, the heating process of tailings is usually slow and energy consumption is high. Especially in the case of uneven particle size distribution, the heating time is prolonged and the energy utilization efficiency is low, resulting in unnecessary energy waste. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a tailings thermal activation treatment device, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A tailings thermal activation treatment device, comprising

[0009] The screening device comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity is provided with a feed port, a vibrating screen mechanism is provided between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the upper cavity retains coarse tailings, and fine tailings fall into the lower cavity after being screened by the vibrating screen mechanism;

[0010] The heating device comprises an entrained flow chamber and a heating chamber, wherein the upper chamber transports the coarse tailings to the heating chamber through a transmission mechanism, and the lower chamber transports the fine tailings to the entrained flow chamber through a transmission mechanism;

[0011] The above-mentioned fluidized bed chamber is arranged above the heating chamber, and the bottom is a bed layer for laying fine tailings, and a plurality of second vents are arranged on the above-mentioned bed layer;

[0012] The periphery of the heating chamber is provided with an air duct connected to the bed layer, a heating component is provided in the air duct, a fan is provided at the air inlet of the air duct, and the air flow is heated by the heating component and then enters the interior of the air flow bed chamber through the second vent.

[0013] As a further improvement, the heating chamber includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the coarse tailings are transmitted to the interior of the inner cylinder, the air duct is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the fan is arranged on the outside of the outer cylinder, and a first vent is arranged on the side of the outer cylinder close to the fluidized bed chamber, and the airflow of the fan enters the interior of the fluidized bed chamber through the air duct, the first vent and the second vent in sequence.

[0014] As a further improvement, the heating components are a plurality of groups of electric heating tubes wound around the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

[0015] As a further improvement, the inner cylinder is provided with a rotating shaft along the axial direction, and a stirrer is provided on the rotating shaft.

[0016] As a further improvement, the first vent is arranged between two adjacent groups of electric heating tubes.

[0017] As a further improvement, a plurality of bubble caps are arranged on the bed layer, and the plurality of bubble caps are respectively connected to a plurality of the second vents.

[0018] As a further improvement, a pressure relief hole for balancing the air pressure is provided on the top of the fluidized bed chamber.

[0019] As a further improvement, the vibrating screen mechanism includes a screen and a vibration motor. The screen can be horizontally pulled and embedded in the bottom of the upper cavity, so that the bottom of the upper cavity is connected to the top of the lower cavity through the screen. The vibration motor is fixed to the outer wall of the lower cavity, and its output end is connected to the screen.

[0020] As a further improvement, the bottom of the upper cavity is inclined from the feed port to the discharge direction, and a conveyor belt is provided at the bottom of the lower cavity for transporting fine tailings to the fluidized bed cavity.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] First, the present invention uses a screening device to classify the particle size of the tailings, and separates the coarse tailings from the fine tailings. The coarse tailings are sent to the heating chamber for heating, while the fine tailings enter the fluidized bed chamber. The fluidized bed can suspend the fine tailings particles in the bed layer through the airflow, ensuring that the tailings particles will not pile up or stick to each other. The fine tailings particles in the suspended state can fully contact with the hot air flow, thereby achieving more uniform heating, ensuring that each fine tailings particle can be evenly heated, and improving the thermal activation efficiency. Since the coarse tailings particles are large, the heat transfer is relatively slow. Through the stirring device, the tailings particles can be continuously turned and mixed in the heating chamber, which enhances the heat exchange between the particles, thereby accelerating the uniform distribution of heat, improving the thermal conduction efficiency of the coarse tailings, and avoiding uneven heating.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention provides a combined structure of an air-entrained bed chamber and a heating chamber, wherein the air-entrained bed heating chamber is located above the heating chamber, and the bed layer at the bottom is connected to the heating chamber through an air duct, a first vent and a second vent, and the heating copper wire arranged in the air duct provides heat to the heating chamber on the one hand, and heats the airflow on the other hand. The above structure optimizes the distribution of thermal energy, reduces the energy loss in the traditional heating method, and improves the utilization rate of energy. At the same time, the heating effect of the airflow can accelerate the conduction and distribution of heat, and improve the heat transfer efficiency in the thermal activation process of tailings.

[0024] Thirdly, the heating chamber of the present invention is provided with a rotating shaft and a stirrer, and the tailing particles are dynamically stirred by the stirring device, thereby ensuring that the tailings are evenly heated during the heating process. The setting of the stirrer can break the accumulation and adhesion between the tailing particles, so that the tailing particles are evenly distributed in the heating chamber, and avoid the phenomenon of overheating or insufficient heating of the tailings due to uneven temperature during the heating process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a screening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the heating chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 1-screening device; 2-heating device; 3-fan;

[0031] 11-upper cavity; 12-lower cavity; 13-screen; 14-vibration motor; 15-vibration isolator; 16-conveyor belt; 21-airflow bed cavity; 22-heating cavity;

[0032] 111-feeding port; 211-bed layer; 212-bubble cap; 213-pressure relief hole; 221-inner cylinder; 222-outer cylinder; 223-air duct; 224-heating component;

[0033] 2111 - second vent; 2121 - connecting pipe; 2122 - bubble cap shell; 2123 - air hole; 2211 - air inlet; 2221 - first vent; 2222 - rotating shaft; 2223 - stirrer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the structure of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0035] In the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "portion", "side", "end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] Before describing the present invention, it should be pointed out that before the thermal activation treatment, the treatment process of the tailings includes a preliminary treatment step to ensure that the tailings are in a suitable state before entering the thermal activation stage. The preliminary treatment includes the crushing, flotation, drying and other processes of the tailings to remove moisture and unwanted impurities in the tailings and recover usable minerals. In the crushing stage, the tailings are processed by crushing equipment to reduce the particle size so that it meets the requirements of subsequent treatment. The flotation process is used to separate recyclable minerals, remove unwanted minerals or impurities through selective flotation, and provide purer and more suitable materials for thermal activation treatment. Then, the tailings will enter the drying stage, using drying equipment to remove moisture therein, and improve the thermal activation effect and heating efficiency of the tailings.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present application provides a tailings thermal activation treatment device, including a screening device 1, wherein the screening device 1 is used to classify the particle size of the tailings, including an upper cavity 11 and a lower cavity 12, the upper cavity 11 is provided with a feed port 111, and the tailings enter through the feed port 111, and a vibrating screen 13 mechanism is provided between the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 12, the upper cavity 11 retains the coarse tailings, and the fine tailings are screened by the vibrating screen 13 mechanism and fall into the lower cavity 12. This design effectively classifies the tailings according to the particle size, providing conditions for subsequent heating and thermal activation treatment.

[0038] Specifically, the vibrating screen 13 mechanism includes a screen 13 and a vibration motor 14. The screen 13 is arranged at the bottom of the upper cavity 11, so that the bottom of the upper cavity 11 is connected to the top of the lower cavity 12 through the screen 13. The screen 13 is made of a metal wire mesh, and the mesh size is customized according to the tailings particle size requirements. Usually, high temperature resistant and wear-resistant materials such as stainless steel or alloy materials are selected. Preferably, the screen 13 is rectangular in shape and can be horizontally pulled out and embedded between the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 12 like a drawer, so as to facilitate the replacement or maintenance of the screen 13. The outer wall of the lower cavity 12 is fixed with a vibration motor 14, and the vibration motor 14 is used to vibrate the screen 13, thereby screening coarse tailings and fine tailings. The bottom of the lower cavity 12 can be arranged on the bracket in an up and down floating manner through an existing vibration isolator 15.

[0039] Furthermore, the bottom of the upper cavity 11 is inclined from the feed port 111 to the discharge direction, and a conveyor belt 16 is provided at the bottom of the lower cavity 12 for transporting fine tailings to the fluidized bed cavity 21 .

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a heating device 2, which includes an air-entrained bed chamber 21 and a heating chamber 22. The upper chamber 11 transports the coarse tailings to the heating chamber 22 through a transmission mechanism, and the lower chamber 12 transports the fine tailings to the air-entrained bed chamber 21 through a transmission mechanism. The air-entrained bed chamber 21 is arranged above the heating chamber 22, and the bottom is a bed layer 211 for laying fine tailings. A pressure relief hole 213 for balancing air pressure is opened on the top, and a plurality of second vents 2111 are arranged on the bed layer 211; an air duct 223 connected to the bed layer 211 is arranged on the periphery of the heating chamber 22, and a heating component 224 is arranged in the air duct 223. A fan 3 is arranged at the air inlet 2211 of the air duct 223, and the airflow is heated by the heating component 224 and enters the interior of the air-entrained bed chamber 21 through the second vents 2111.

[0041] The tailings are graded by the screening device 1, and the fine tailings enter the fluidized bed chamber 21. The fine tailings particles are suspended in the bed layer 211 by the airflow to ensure that the tailings particles do not accumulate or stick to each other. The fine tailings particles in the suspended state can be fully in contact with the hot airflow, thereby achieving more uniform heating and improving the thermal activation efficiency. The heating component 224 arranged in the air duct 223 provides heat to the heating chamber 22 on the one hand, and heats the airflow on the other hand. This structure optimizes the distribution of thermal energy, reduces energy loss, and improves energy utilization.

[0042] like Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the heating chamber 22 includes an inner cylinder 221 and an outer cylinder 222. The inner cylinder 221 is a hollow cylindrical cavity, and the coarse tailings are transmitted to the interior of the inner cylinder 221. The material of the inner cylinder 221 is usually a high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant metal material, such as stainless steel, to ensure stability and durability in a high temperature environment. The outer cylinder 222 has a similar structure to the inner cylinder 221, and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 221, so that the above-mentioned air duct 223 is formed between the inner cylinder 221 and the outer cylinder 222. A fan 3 is provided at the bottom of the outer side of the outer cylinder 222, and the fan 3 is connected to the air duct 223. The outer cylinder 222 is provided with a first vent 2221 on the side close to the fluidized bed chamber 21, and the airflow of the fan 3 enters the interior of the fluidized bed chamber 21 through the air duct 223, the first vent 2221 and the second vent 2111 in sequence. Furthermore, the thermal activation process of tailings usually requires temperature monitoring. In the above structure, the airflow is evenly distributed around the entire inner cylinder 221 during transmission. The airflow flows along the cylindrical outer wall to help heat the inner cylinder 221 as a whole, ensuring the uniform distribution of heat on the surface of the inner cylinder 221, which helps to accurately detect temperature.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heating assembly 224 is a plurality of groups of heat-conducting metal wires wound around the outer wall of the inner cylinder 221. Preferably, an electric heating tube is used, which has significant advantages such as improving heat conduction efficiency and heating uniformity.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the inner cylinder 221 is provided with a rotating shaft 2222 in the axial direction, and an agitator 2223 is provided on the rotating shaft 2222. Specifically, the rotating shaft 2222 extends to the outside of the outer cylinder 222, and a rotating motor is provided on the outside of the outer cylinder 222. The output end of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft 2222 through a conveyor belt or a hinge transmission. When the rotating shaft 2222 rotates, the agitator 2223 is driven to continuously stir the coarse tailings to ensure that the materials in the coarse tailings are evenly heated, thereby improving the overall heating effect. Especially when processing tailings with high viscosity or large particles, the agitator 2223 can help the material maintain fluidity, avoid the temperature in the dead corner area being too low, prevent the formation of deposition or agglomeration in the inner cylinder 221, and ensure the thermal activation effect of the coarse tailings.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the first vent 2221 is disposed between two adjacent groups of electric heating tubes. The first vent 2221 is disposed between two adjacent groups of electric heating tubes to ensure that the airflow is well heated before being discharged through the first vent 2221, while preventing the electric heating tubes from being exposed and damaged, and also preventing the maintenance personnel from being burned during emergency maintenance (when the copper wire has not yet completely cooled down).

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of bubble caps 212 are arranged on the bed layer 211, and the plurality of bubble caps 212 are respectively connected to a plurality of second vents 2111. Specifically, seven rows and nine columns of second vents 2111 are arranged on the bed layer 211, and each second vent 2111 is connected to a bubble cap 212. More specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 The embodiment of a bubble cap 212 shown includes a connecting tube 2121, the middle of the connecting tube 2121 is an air flow channel, a columnar bubble cap shell 2122 is provided at the upper end, and a plurality of air holes 2123 are provided on the side wall of the bubble cap shell 2122 for releasing gas. The bubble cap 212 can achieve effective air flow distribution, so that the air flow is evenly diffused in the bed layer 211, avoiding air flow concentration in some areas, helping to improve the uniformity of heating of tailing particles, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating, and the air holes 2123 for releasing gas are provided on the side wall of the bubble cap shell 2122, avoiding fine tailings from blocking the second vent 2111 and affecting the working efficiency of the fluidized bed.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailings thermal activation treatment device, characterized in that: include A screening device (1), the screening device (1) comprising an upper cavity (11) and a lower cavity (12), the upper cavity (11) being provided with a feed port (111), a vibrating screen mechanism being provided between the upper cavity (11) and the lower cavity (12), the upper cavity (11) retaining coarse tailings, and fine tailings falling into the lower cavity (12) after being screened by the vibrating screen mechanism; The heating device (2) comprises an entrained flow chamber (21) and a heating chamber (22), wherein the upper chamber (11) transports coarse tailings to the heating chamber (22) through a transmission mechanism, and the lower chamber (12) transports fine tailings to the entrained flow chamber (21) through a transmission mechanism; The entrained bed chamber (21) is arranged above the heating chamber (22); the bottom of the entrained bed chamber (21) is a bed layer (211) for laying fine tailings; and a plurality of second vents (2111) are arranged on the bed layer (211); The periphery of the heating chamber (22) is provided with an air duct (223) connected to a plurality of the second ventilation ports (2111); a heating component (224) is provided in the air duct (223); an air inlet (2211) of the air duct (223) is provided with a fan (3); and after being heated by the heating component (224), the airflow enters the interior of the air flow bed chamber (21) from the second ventilation ports (2111).

2. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heating chamber (22) comprises an inner cylinder (221) and an outer cylinder (222); the coarse tailings are transferred to the interior of the inner cylinder (221); the air duct (223) is formed between the inner cylinder (221) and the outer cylinder (222); the bottom of the outer cylinder (222) is provided with the air inlet (2211); the top is provided with a first ventilation port (2221); and the first ventilation port (2221) is connected to the second ventilation port (2111).

3. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The heating components (224) are a plurality of groups of electric heating tubes wound around the outer wall of the inner cylinder (221).

4. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (221) is provided with a rotating shaft (2222) along the axial direction, and an agitator (2223) is provided on the rotating shaft (2222).

5. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The first ventilation opening (2221) is arranged between two adjacent groups of heating components (224).

6. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of bubble caps (212) are arranged on the bed layer (211), and the plurality of bubble caps (212) are respectively connected to a plurality of the second ventilation openings (2111).

7. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure relief hole (213) for balancing air pressure is provided at the top of the fluidized bed chamber (21).

8. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating screen mechanism comprises a screen (13) and a vibration motor (14); the screen (13) is horizontally drawable and embedded in the bottom of the upper cavity (11), so that the bottom of the upper cavity (11) is connected to the top of the lower cavity (12) through the screen (13); the vibration motor (14) is fixed to the outer wall of the lower cavity (12), and its output end is connected to the screen (13).

9. A tailings thermal activation treatment device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper cavity (11) is inclined from the feed port (111) toward the discharge direction, and a conveyor belt (16) is provided at the bottom of the lower cavity (12) for transporting fine tailings to the fluidized bed cavity (21).

Images