Rough turning tool path planning method and system for omnidirectional turning tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining, in particular to a rough turning tool path planning method and system for an omnidirectional turning tool. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring front angle and rear angle interference areas based on positive and negative values of a starting direction of each line segment and a front angle included angle and a rear angle included angle of a tool in machining geometry, updating the machining geometry, obtaining a to-be-machined area based on the updated machining geometry, axial allowance and radial allowance, and obtaining a to-be-machined area according to a set cutting direction type and a cutting depth of each layer. The to-be-machined area is divided into a plurality of tool path to-be-cut areas, the cutting direction type and the cutting direction of each tool path to-be-cut area are determined based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, and the tool path type of each tool path to-be-cut area is determined according to the cutting direction type and the cutting direction of each tool path to-be-cut area; and based on the cutting end point of the to-be-cut area of the ith tool path and the cutting start point of the to-be-cut area of the (i + 1) th tool path, constructing a transition tool path between the adjacent areas. The rough turning tool path efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining, and in particular to a rough turning tool path planning method and system for an omnidirectional turning tool. Background Art

[0002] An omnidirectional turning tool is a tool that can cut in multiple directions. It is widely used in the processing of complex-shaped workpieces. The task of the rough turning tool path is to quickly remove excess material from the workpiece in preparation for the subsequent finishing stage. Traditional turning methods usually rely on cutting in a single direction, while omnidirectional turning tools can cut at multiple angles, significantly improving material removal rates and processing efficiency. In order to give full play to the advantages of omnidirectional turning tools, a rough turning tool path planning method that adapts to its characteristics needs to be developed. This method needs to solve how to optimize the tool path during the machining process to achieve efficient and accurate rough machining, reduce machining time and tool wear, while maintaining the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece.

[0003] The existing omnidirectional turning tool uses manual G code to achieve omnidirectional turning, which involves complex multi-directional cutting path planning, coordinate system conversion, tool compensation and cutting parameter setting. Programmers need to handle the details of each cutting path in detail. With the increase in processing complexity and the increase in automation requirements, programmers are required to be more demanding. It is difficult for programmers to fully optimize tool paths and cutting parameters, so they cannot give full play to the advantages of omnidirectional turning tools, resulting in reduced efficiency of rough turning tool paths. Summary of the invention

[0004] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the writing and management process of the omnidirectional tool turning path is complicated, it is difficult to fully optimize the tool path and cutting parameters, and the efficiency of the rough turning tool path is reduced.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain machining parameters and tool parameters of omnidirectional turning tools;

[0007] Based on the tool rake angle parameters and clearance angle parameters, determine the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative angles of the tool rake angle and clearance angle;

[0008] Based on the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and back angle, the rake angle interference area and back angle interference area are obtained, the machining geometry is updated, and based on the updated machining geometry, axial allowance and radial allowance, the area to be machined is obtained;

[0009] According to the set cutting direction type and the cutting depth of each layer, the area to be processed is divided into a plurality of tool path cutting areas, based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area are determined, and according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area, the tool path type of each tool path cutting area is determined;

[0010] Based on the cutting end point of the i-th tool path to be cut area and the cutting starting point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area, a transition tool path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area is constructed, i=1, 2, ...N-1, N is the total number of tool path to be cut areas.

[0011] Preferably, the processing parameters include: input cutting area, axial allowance, radial allowance, feed rate when cutting into the material, initial feed rate, omnidirectional feed rate, set cutting direction type, machining geometry direction, cutting depth of each layer, feed arc radius, whether to clean up residual corners, upper cutting radius parameters, minimum upper cutting amount; wherein, input cutting area includes: machining geometry and blank geometry, and set cutting direction type includes: horizontal, horizontal alternating, vertical, vertical alternating, horizontal and vertical alternating, vertical and horizontal alternating;

[0012] The tool parameters of the omnidirectional turning tool include: tool rake angle parameters and back angle parameters.

[0013] Preferably, the method of obtaining the rake angle interference area and the back angle interference area based on the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and back angle, updating the machining geometry, and obtaining the area to be machined based on the updated machining geometry, axial allowance, and radial allowance includes:

[0014] Based on the positive and negative angle between the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the tool rake angle, determine whether the current line segment has tool rake angle interference. If so, construct a ray at the starting point of the line segment with an angle with the Y axis as the rake angle parameter. The closed area formed by the ray and the machining geometry is the rake angle interference area.

[0015] Based on the positive and negative angle between the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the tool back angle, determine whether the current line segment has tool back angle interference. If so, construct a ray at the starting point of the line segment with an angle with the X-axis as the back angle parameter. The closed area formed by the ray and the machining geometry is the back angle interference area.

[0016] The area in the cutting area except all the front angle interference areas and all the back angle interference areas is regarded as the non-interference processing area, and the processing geometry is updated based on the non-interference processing area;

[0017] Based on the axial allowance and the radial allowance, the updated machining geometry is axially offset and radially offset respectively. The offset machining geometry and the blank geometry form a closed area, and the closed area is used as the area to be processed.

[0018] Preferably, based on the set cutting direction type, determining the cutting direction type of each tool path to be cut area includes:

[0019] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal or horizontal alternating, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is horizontal;

[0020] When the cutting direction type is set to vertical or vertical alternating, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is vertical;

[0021] When the cutting direction type is set to alternate horizontal and vertical, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is alternately horizontal and vertical in sequence;

[0022] When the cutting direction type is set to alternate vertically and horizontally, the cutting direction types of the areas to be cut in each tool path are alternately vertically and horizontally in sequence.

[0023] Preferably, based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, the cutting direction of each tool path to be cut area is determined, including:

[0024] Based on the machining geometric direction, obtain the set horizontal direction and the set vertical direction;

[0025] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal or vertical, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction;

[0026] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction and the opposite direction of the set horizontal direction in sequence, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction;

[0027] When the cutting direction type is set to vertical alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction and the opposite direction of the set vertical direction in sequence;

[0028] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal-vertical alternation or vertical-horizontal alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path area to be cut is the set horizontal direction and the opposite direction of the set horizontal direction, alternating in sequence, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path area to be cut is the set vertical direction and the opposite direction of the set vertical direction, alternating in sequence.

[0029] Preferably, when the horizontal direction is set to be toward the fixture side, the opposite direction of the horizontal direction is set to be away from the fixture side; when the horizontal direction is set to be away from the fixture side, the opposite direction of the horizontal direction is set to be toward the fixture side;

[0030] When the vertical direction is set toward the rotary axis, the opposite direction of the vertical direction is set away from the rotary axis; when the vertical direction is set away from the rotary axis, the opposite direction of the vertical direction is set toward the rotary axis.

[0031] Preferably, determining the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of the area to be cut by the current tool path includes:

[0032] When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is horizontal and the horizontal cutting direction is toward the fixture side, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts the initial tool path;

[0033] When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is horizontal and the horizontal cutting direction is away from the fixture side, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts an omnidirectional tool path;

[0034] When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is vertical and the vertical cutting direction is away from the rotary axis, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts an omnidirectional tool path;

[0035] When the cutting direction type of the current tool path to be cut area is vertical and the vertical cutting direction is toward the rotary axis, the current tool path to be cut area is divided into an area larger than the upper cutting radius and an area smaller than the upper cutting radius according to the upper cutting radius parameter and the minimum upper cutting amount;

[0036] The tool path type for the area larger than the upper cutting radius adopts the omnidirectional tool path; and the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area larger than the upper cutting radius are set to the opposite direction of the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut by the current tool path respectively;

[0037] The tool path type for the area smaller than the upper cutting radius adopts the initial tool path; and the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area smaller than the upper cutting radius are respectively set as the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut by the current tool path.

[0038] Preferably, the initial tool path uses an initial feed rate to cut the area to be cut in the current tool path;

[0039] When the omnidirectional tool path cuts into the area to be cut by the current tool path, the feed rate used when cutting into the material is adopted until the cutting amount is greater than the preset cutting amount. Then the omnidirectional feed rate is used to cut the area to be cut by the current tool path. When the radius of the feed arc is greater than 0, whether to clean the arc residual corner is determined based on whether to clean the residual corner.

[0040] Preferably, the method of dividing the current tool path to-be-cut area into an area larger than the upper cutting radius and an area smaller than the upper cutting radius according to the upper cutting radius parameter and the minimum upper cutting amount includes:

[0041] Construct a dividing line, and make the distance between the dividing line and the rotary axis equal to the upper cutting radius parameter. The line divides the current tool path to be cut into two parts. The area above the line is regarded as the area greater than the upper cutting radius, and the area below the line is regarded as the area less than the upper cutting radius.

[0042] It is determined whether the height of the area smaller than the upper cutting radius is less than the minimum upper cutting amount. If so, the area smaller than the upper cutting radius is merged into the area larger than the upper cutting radius.

[0043] The present invention also provides a rough turning tool path planning system for an omnidirectional turning tool, comprising:

[0044] The module for obtaining the area to be processed is used to obtain the processing parameters and the tool parameters of the omnidirectional turning tool;

[0045] Angle positive and negative determination module, used to determine the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative of the tool rake angle and the rake angle based on the tool rake angle parameters and rake angle parameters;

[0046] The module for obtaining the area to be processed is used to obtain the rake angle interference area and the back angle interference area based on the starting direction of each line segment in the processing geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and back angle, update the processing geometry, and obtain the area to be processed based on the updated processing geometry, axial allowance and radial allowance;

[0047] A tool path planning module is used to divide the area to be processed into multiple tool path cutting areas according to the set cutting direction type and the cutting depth of each layer, determine the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, and determine the tool path type of each tool path cutting area according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area;

[0048] The transition tool path planning module is used to construct a transition tool path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area based on the cutting end point of the i-th tool path to be cut area and the cutting starting point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area, i=1, 2, ...N-1, N is the total number of tool path to be cut areas.

[0049] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0050] The present invention discloses a rough turning tool path planning method and system for an omnidirectional turning tool, which obtains processing parameters provided by a user and tool parameters of the omnidirectional turning tool, divides the area to be processed into multiple tool path cutting areas according to the set cutting direction type and the cutting depth of each layer, determines the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area based on the set cutting direction type and the processing geometric direction, and determines the tool path type of each tool path cutting area according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area; different cutting directions will produce different cutting forces, and by setting the cutting direction of each tool path cutting area, the omnidirectional tool can be fully utilized to cut in multiple directions. The characteristics of the tool path planning process can more evenly distribute the cutting force, reduce tool wear when cutting in a single direction, extend the tool life, and reduce processing costs; by using different tool path types to adjust the feed rate of each tool path cutting area, the tool cutting force can be optimized, tool wear and vibration can be reduced, thereby improving the removal rate, maximizing the material removal rate, and reducing the roughing time; based on the cutting end point of the i-th tool path to be cut area and the cutting start point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area, a transition tool path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area is constructed, i=1, 2,...N-1, N is the total number of tool path to be cut areas. It ensures that in a complex processing environment, the tool will not interfere with the fixture or workpiece, reducing the risk in the processing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0052] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of a rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool.

[0053] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a rough turning tool path planning system for an omnidirectional turning tool according to the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 The present invention is a method flow chart of a rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front and rear angles and cutting edge of an omnidirectional turning tool-type A blade.

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front and rear angles and cutting edge of an omnidirectional turning tool-B type blade.

[0057] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the non-interference processing area.

[0058] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the area to be processed.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a tool path diagram with the cutting direction type set to horizontal.

[0060] Fig. 9 It is a tool path diagram with the cutting direction type set to vertical.

[0061] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the tool path with the cutting direction type set to alternating horizontal and vertical.

[0062] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the tool path with the cutting direction type set to alternating vertical and horizontal.

[0063] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of transition tool path planning.

[0064] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of tool path of the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0066] Reference Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool, comprising the following steps:

[0067] Step S1: obtaining machining parameters and tool parameters of an omnidirectional turning tool;

[0068] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front and rear angles and cutting edge of the omnidirectional turning tool-type A blade. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front and rear angles and cutting edge of an omnidirectional turning tool-B type insert. The operator enters the cutting area and sets the omnidirectional turning tool for the rough turning process, and selects a suitable omnidirectional turning tool based on the material type and cutting depth.

[0069] The processing parameters include: input cutting area, axial allowance margin_axial, radial allowance margin_radial, feed rate cutin_fr when cutting into the material, initial feed rate normal_fr, omni-directional feed rate omni_fr, set cutting direction type, processing geometric direction, cutting depth per layer cut_depth, feed arc radius arc_radius, whether to clean up residual corners, upper cutting radius parameters, and minimum upper cutting amount.

[0070] The tool parameters of the omnidirectional turning tool include: tool front angle parameter ang_front, back angle parameter ang_back;

[0071] The input cutting area includes: machining geometry and blank geometry.

[0072] The cutting direction types include: horizontal, horizontal alternating, vertical, vertical alternating, horizontal and vertical alternating, and vertical and horizontal alternating.

[0073] Step S2: Based on the tool rake angle parameters and the back angle parameters, determine the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle angle and the back angle angle;

[0074] Step S3: based on the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and the rake angle, the rake angle interference area and the rake angle interference area are obtained, the machining geometry is updated, and based on the updated machining geometry, the axial allowance and the radial allowance, the area to be machined is obtained;

[0075] In this embodiment, preferably, the method of obtaining the rake angle interference area and the back angle interference area based on the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and back angle, updating the machining geometry, and obtaining the area to be machined based on the updated machining geometry, the axial allowance, and the radial allowance includes:

[0076] Based on the positive and negative angle between the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the tool rake angle, determine whether the current line segment has tool rake angle interference. If so, construct a ray at the starting point of the line segment with an angle with the Y axis as the rake angle parameter. The closed area formed by the ray and the machining geometry is the rake angle interference area.

[0077] Based on the positive and negative angle between the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the tool back angle, determine whether the current line segment has tool back angle interference. If so, construct a ray at the starting point of the line segment with an angle with the X-axis as the back angle parameter. The closed area formed by the ray and the machining geometry is the back angle interference area.

[0078] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the non-interference machining area. The area in the cutting area except all the front angle interference areas and all the back angle interference areas is regarded as the non-interference machining area. Based on the non-interference machining area, the machining geometry is updated;

[0079] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the area to be processed. Based on the axial allowance and radial allowance, the updated machining geometry is axially offset and radially offset respectively. The offset machining geometry and the blank geometry constitute a closed area, which is used as the area to be processed.

[0080] Step S4: dividing the area to be processed into a plurality of tool path cutting areas according to the set cutting direction type and the cutting depth of each layer, determining the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, and determining the tool path type of each tool path cutting area according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area;

[0081] The cutting direction types include: horizontal, horizontal alternating, vertical, vertical alternating, horizontal and vertical alternating, and vertical and horizontal alternating.

[0082] In this embodiment, preferably, based on the set cutting direction type, determining the cutting direction type of each tool path to be cut area includes:

[0083] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal or horizontal alternating, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is horizontal;

[0084] When the cutting direction type is set to vertical or vertical alternating, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is vertical;

[0085] When the cutting direction type is set to alternate horizontal and vertical, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is alternately horizontal and vertical in sequence;

[0086] For example, the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the first tool path is horizontal, the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the second tool path is vertical, the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the third tool path is horizontal, and the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the fourth tool path is vertical. The cutting direction types of the areas to be cut in subsequent tool paths are horizontal and vertical in alternating order.

[0087] When the cutting direction type is set to alternate vertically and horizontally, the cutting direction types of the areas to be cut in each tool path are alternately vertically and horizontally in sequence.

[0088] For example, the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the first tool path is vertical, the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the second tool path is horizontal, the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the third tool path is vertical, and the cutting direction type of the area to be cut in the fourth tool path is horizontal. The cutting direction types of the areas to be cut in subsequent tool paths are vertical and horizontal in alternating order.

[0089] In this embodiment, preferably, based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, the cutting direction of each tool path to be cut area is determined, including:

[0090] Based on the machining geometric direction, obtain the set horizontal direction and the set vertical direction;

[0091] Wherein, setting the horizontal direction includes: toward the fixture side, away from the fixture side, and setting the vertical direction includes: toward the rotation axis, away from the rotation axis;

[0092] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal or vertical, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction;

[0093] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction and the opposite direction of the set horizontal direction in sequence, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction;

[0094] For example, the horizontal cutting direction of the area to be cut in the first tool path is toward the fixture side, the horizontal cutting direction of the area to be cut in the second tool path is away from the fixture side, the horizontal cutting direction of the area to be cut in the third tool path is toward the fixture side, and the horizontal cutting direction of the area to be cut in the fourth tool path is away from the fixture side. The horizontal cutting direction of the area to be cut in subsequent tool paths is toward the fixture side and away from the fixture side, alternating in sequence.

[0095] When the cutting direction type is set to vertical alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction and the opposite direction of the set vertical direction in sequence;

[0096] For example, the vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut in the first tool path is toward the rotary axis, the vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut in the second tool path is away from the rotary axis, the vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut in the third tool path is toward the rotary axis, and the vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut in the fourth tool path is away from the rotary axis. The vertical cutting directions of the areas to be cut in subsequent tool paths are alternately toward the rotary axis and away from the rotary axis in sequence.

[0097] When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal-vertical alternation or vertical-horizontal alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path area to be cut is the set horizontal direction and the opposite direction of the set horizontal direction, alternating in sequence, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path area to be cut is the set vertical direction and the opposite direction of the set vertical direction, alternating in sequence.

[0098] By alternating the cutting directions of each tool path and using both sides of the tool for cutting, the cutting force can be distributed more evenly, reducing tool wear during cutting in a single direction. In addition, due to the alternating cutting of the tool paths, the starting and ending points of the tool paths of adjacent layers are close, which reduces the tool path transition distance and improves processing efficiency.

[0099] In this embodiment, preferably, when the horizontal direction is set to be toward the fixture side, the opposite direction of the horizontal direction is set to be away from the fixture side; when the horizontal direction is set to be away from the fixture side, the opposite direction of the horizontal direction is set to be toward the fixture side;

[0100] When the vertical direction is set toward the rotary axis, the opposite direction of the vertical direction is set away from the rotary axis; when the vertical direction is set away from the rotary axis, the opposite direction of the vertical direction is set toward the rotary axis.

[0101] In this embodiment, preferably, determining the tool path type of the current tool path area to be cut according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of the current tool path area to be cut includes:

[0102] When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is horizontal and the horizontal cutting direction is toward the fixture side, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts the initial tool path;

[0103] When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is horizontal and the horizontal cutting direction is away from the fixture side, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts an omnidirectional tool path;

[0104] When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is vertical and the vertical cutting direction is away from the rotary axis, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts an omnidirectional tool path;

[0105] When the cutting direction type of the current tool path to be cut area is vertical and the vertical cutting direction is toward the rotary axis, the current tool path to be cut area is divided into an area larger than the upper cutting radius and an area smaller than the upper cutting radius according to the upper cutting radius parameter and the minimum upper cutting amount;

[0106] The tool path type for the area larger than the upper cutting radius adopts the omnidirectional tool path; and the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area larger than the upper cutting radius are set to the opposite direction of the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut by the current tool path respectively;

[0107] The tool path type for the area smaller than the upper cutting radius adopts the initial tool path; and the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area smaller than the upper cutting radius are respectively set as the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut by the current tool path.

[0108] In this embodiment, preferably, the initial tool path uses an initial feed rate to cut the area to be cut in the current tool path;

[0109] When the omnidirectional tool path cuts into the area to be cut by the current tool path, the feed rate used when cutting into the material is adopted until the cutting amount is greater than the preset cutting amount. Then the omnidirectional feed rate is used to cut the area to be cut by the current tool path. When the radius of the feed arc is greater than 0, whether to clean the arc residual corner is determined based on whether to clean the residual corner.

[0110] If the feed arc radius is set, there will be arc residual corners that are not cut. The user can choose whether to clean them up through the Clean Residual Corner option.

[0111] In this embodiment, preferably, the method of dividing the current tool path to-be-cut area into an area larger than the upper cutting radius and an area smaller than the upper cutting radius according to the upper cutting radius parameter and the minimum upper cutting amount includes:

[0112] Construct a dividing line, and make the distance between the dividing line and the rotary axis equal to the upper cutting radius parameter. The line divides the current tool path to be cut into two parts. The area above the line is regarded as the area greater than the upper cutting radius, and the area below the line is regarded as the area less than the upper cutting radius.

[0113] It is determined whether the height of the area smaller than the upper cutting radius is less than the minimum upper cutting amount. If so, the area smaller than the upper cutting radius is merged into the area larger than the upper cutting radius.

[0114] By dividing the straight line, the current tool path cutting area is divided into two parts: an area larger than the upper cutting radius and an area smaller than the upper cutting radius. The omnidirectional tool path and the initial tool path are reconstructed for the two parts respectively, so that the cutting edges on both sides of the tool path can be used alternately, the cutting force of the omnidirectional turning tool is more evenly distributed, and the tool wear during cutting in a single direction is reduced.

[0115] like Figure 8 , 9 , 10, 11, Figure 8 This is a tool path diagram for setting the cutting direction type to horizontal. Fig. 9 This is a tool path diagram for setting the cutting direction type to vertical. Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the tool path for setting the cutting direction type to alternate horizontal and vertical. Fig.11 The schematic diagram of the tool path with the cutting direction type set to alternate vertically and horizontally. According to the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, the above method is used to determine the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path to be cut area, and according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path to be cut area, the tool path type of each tool path to be cut area is determined to realize tool path planning.

[0116] Step S5: Fig.12 As shown, Fig.12 : is a schematic diagram of transition tool path planning. Based on the cutting end point of the i-th tool path to be cut area and the cutting starting point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area, a transition tool path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area is constructed, i=1, 2, ...N-1, N is the total number of tool path cutting areas.

[0117] Draw a straight line parallel to the X axis and a straight line parallel to the Y axis through the end point of the cutting path in the i-th tool path to be cut area, and draw a straight line parallel to the X axis and a straight line parallel to the Y axis through the starting point of the cutting path in the i+1-th tool path to be cut area;

[0118] These four straight lines form a rectangle. There are two paths along the rectangle from the end point of the cutting path in the i-th tool path to be cut area to the cutting starting point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area. Determine whether each line segment of each path intersects with the current blank geometry, and select the path in which all line segments have no intersection with the current blank geometry as the transition path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area. If there are line segments in both paths that intersect with the current blank geometry, the programmer will be prompted in time.

[0119] In this embodiment, the planned tool path is processed into a processing program and sent to the turning equipment for processing. The above steps and processes are implemented in software through computer technology and technically integrated with the turning equipment to achieve efficient and convenient omnidirectional tool turning.

[0120] The second embodiment adopts a rough turning tool path planning method for omnidirectional tool turning, and uses a B-type blade to perform rough machining on the material.

[0121] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front and rear angles and cutting edge of the omnidirectional turning tool-B type blade. Select the B type blade to rough the material, set the tool front angle parameter ang_front and the back angle parameter ang_back to 0 degrees, and the axial margin margin_axial and radial margin margin_radial to 2 mm.

[0122] like Fig.13 As shown, Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the tool path of Example 2. In Example 2, the cutting direction type is set to horizontal alternation, the horizontal cutting direction is set to be away from the fixture side, and the vertical cutting direction is set to be towards the rotary axis.

[0123] Set the cutting depth of each layer to 2 mm, the feed rate cutin_fr when cutting into the material to 0.1 mm / rev, the initial feed rate normal_fr to 0.1 mm / rev and the omni feed rate omni_fr to 0.2 mm / rev. The arc radius arc_radius is 1 mm and the residual corner cleaning is enabled.

[0124] According to the cutting depth of each layer cut_depth of 2 mm, the area to be processed is divided into six tool path cutting areas;

[0125] Since the cutting direction type is set to horizontal alternation, the cutting direction types of the six toolpath cutting areas are all horizontal;

[0126] Since the horizontal cutting direction is set to be away from the fixture side and the vertical cutting direction is set to be toward the rotary axis, the vertical cutting directions of the six tool path cutting areas are all toward the rotary axis, and the horizontal cutting directions of each tool path cutting area are away from the fixture side and toward the fixture side in sequence, and the tool path type of each tool path cutting area is omnidirectional tool path and initial tool path in sequence.

[0127] The present invention fully utilizes the characteristic of omnidirectional tools that can cut in multiple directions by providing preset tool path parameters, distributes cutting force more evenly during tool path planning, reduces tool wear when cutting in a single direction, extends tool life, and reduces processing costs.

[0128] In different cutting directions, different cutting feed rates are used to maximize the material removal rate, thereby reducing rough machining time; the current blank status is updated in real time according to the tool path, and the transition tool path between adjacent tool path cutting areas is planned through intelligent avoidance and collision detection functions to ensure that in complex machining environments, the tool will not interfere with the fixture or workpiece, reducing the risk during the machining process.

[0129] refer to Figure 2 As shown, in the third embodiment of the present invention, a rough turning tool path planning system for omnidirectional tool turning is also provided, comprising:

[0130] The processing area acquisition module 10 is used to obtain processing parameters and tool parameters of the omnidirectional turning tool;

[0131] Angle positive and negative determination module 20, used to determine the positive and negative of the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the tool rake angle angle and the tool back angle angle based on the tool rake angle parameter and the tool back angle parameter;

[0132] The module 30 for obtaining the area to be processed is used to obtain the rake angle interference area and the back angle interference area based on the starting direction of each line segment in the processing geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and back angle, update the processing geometry, and obtain the area to be processed based on the updated processing geometry, axial allowance and radial allowance;

[0133] The tool path planning module 40 is used to divide the area to be processed into a plurality of tool path cutting areas according to the set cutting direction type and the cutting depth of each layer, determine the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, and determine the tool path type of each tool path cutting area according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area;

[0134] The transition tool path planning module 50 is used to construct a transition tool path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area based on the cutting end point of the i-th tool path to be cut area and the cutting starting point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area, i=1, 2, ...N-1, N is the total number of tool path areas to be cut.

[0135] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0136] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0137] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0138] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0139] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain machining parameters and tool parameters of omnidirectional turning tools; Based on the tool rake angle parameters and clearance angle parameters, determine the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative angles of the tool rake angle and clearance angle; Based on the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and back angle, the rake angle interference area and back angle interference area are obtained, the machining geometry is updated, and based on the updated machining geometry, axial allowance and radial allowance, the area to be machined is obtained; According to the set cutting direction type and the cutting depth of each layer, the area to be processed is divided into a plurality of tool path cutting areas, based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area are determined, and according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area, the tool path type of each tool path cutting area is determined; Based on the cutting end point of the i-th tool path to be cut area and the cutting starting point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area, a transition tool path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area is constructed, i=1, 2, ...N-1, N is the total number of tool path to be cut areas.

2. The rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing parameters include: input cutting area, axial allowance, radial allowance, feed rate when cutting into the material, initial feed rate, omnidirectional feed rate, set cutting direction type, processing geometry direction, cutting depth of each layer, feed arc radius, whether to clean up residual corners, upper cutting radius parameters, and minimum upper cutting amount; among which, input cutting area includes: processing geometry and blank geometry, and set cutting direction type includes: horizontal, horizontal alternating, vertical, vertical alternating, horizontal and vertical alternating, and vertical and horizontal alternating; The tool parameters of the omnidirectional turning tool include: tool rake angle parameters and back angle parameters.

3. The rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method obtains the front angle interference area and the back angle interference area based on the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the front angle and the back angle of the tool, updates the machining geometry, and obtains the area to be machined based on the updated machining geometry, the axial allowance, and the radial allowance, including: Based on the positive and negative angle between the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the tool rake angle, determine whether the current line segment has tool rake angle interference. If so, construct a ray at the starting point of the line segment with an angle with the Y axis as the rake angle parameter. The closed area formed by the ray and the machining geometry is the rake angle interference area. Based on the positive and negative angle between the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the tool back angle, determine whether the current line segment has tool back angle interference. If so, construct a ray at the starting point of the line segment with an angle with the X-axis as the back angle parameter. The closed area formed by the ray and the machining geometry is the back angle interference area. The area in the cutting area except all the front angle interference areas and all the back angle interference areas is regarded as the non-interference processing area, and the processing geometry is updated based on the non-interference processing area; Based on the axial allowance and the radial allowance, the updated machining geometry is axially offset and radially offset respectively. The offset machining geometry and the blank geometry form a closed area, and the closed area is used as the area to be processed.

4. The method for rough turning tool path planning for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the set cutting direction type, determine the cutting direction type of each tool path to be cut, including: When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal or horizontal alternating, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is horizontal; When the cutting direction type is set to vertical or vertical alternating, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is vertical; When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal and vertical alternation, the cutting direction type of each tool path cutting area is horizontal and vertical alternation in sequence; When the cutting direction type is set to alternate vertically and horizontally, the cutting direction types of the areas to be cut in each tool path are alternately vertically and horizontally in sequence.

5. The method for rough turning tool path planning for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the set cutting direction type and machining geometry direction, the cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is determined, including: Based on the machining geometric direction, obtain the set horizontal direction and the set vertical direction; When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal or vertical, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction; When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction and the opposite direction of the set horizontal direction in sequence, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction; When the cutting direction type is set to vertical alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set horizontal direction, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path to be cut is the set vertical direction and the opposite direction of the set vertical direction in sequence; When the cutting direction type is set to horizontal-vertical alternation or vertical-horizontal alternation, the horizontal cutting direction of each tool path area to be cut is the set horizontal direction and the opposite direction of the set horizontal direction, alternating in sequence, and the vertical cutting direction of each tool path area to be cut is the set vertical direction and the opposite direction of the set vertical direction, alternating in sequence.

6. The rough turning tool path planning method for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the horizontal direction is set to the side toward the fixture, the opposite direction of the horizontal direction is set to the side away from the fixture; when the horizontal direction is set to the side away from the fixture, the opposite direction of the horizontal direction is set to the side toward the fixture; When the vertical direction is set toward the rotary axis, the opposite direction of the vertical direction is set away from the rotary axis; when the vertical direction is set away from the rotary axis, the opposite direction of the vertical direction is set toward the rotary axis.

7. The method for rough turning tool path planning for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of the current tool path to be cut area, determine the tool path type of the current tool path to be cut area, including: When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is horizontal and the horizontal cutting direction is toward the fixture side, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts the initial tool path; When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is horizontal and the horizontal cutting direction is away from the fixture side, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts an omnidirectional tool path; When the cutting direction type of the area to be cut by the current tool path is vertical and the vertical cutting direction is away from the rotary axis, the tool path type of the area to be cut by the current tool path adopts an omnidirectional tool path; When the cutting direction type of the current tool path to be cut area is vertical and the vertical cutting direction is toward the rotary axis, the current tool path to be cut area is divided into an area larger than the upper cutting radius and an area smaller than the upper cutting radius according to the upper cutting radius parameter and the minimum upper cutting amount; The tool path type for the area larger than the upper cutting radius adopts the omnidirectional tool path; and the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area larger than the upper cutting radius are set to the opposite direction of the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut by the current tool path respectively; The tool path type for the area smaller than the upper cutting radius adopts the initial tool path; and the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area smaller than the upper cutting radius are respectively set as the horizontal cutting direction and vertical cutting direction of the area to be cut by the current tool path.

8. The method for rough turning tool path planning for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The initial tool path uses the initial feed rate to cut the area to be cut in the current tool path; When the omnidirectional tool path cuts into the area to be cut by the current tool path, the feed rate used when cutting into the material is adopted until the cutting amount is greater than the preset cutting amount. Then the omnidirectional feed rate is used to cut the area to be cut by the current tool path. When the radius of the feed arc is greater than 0, whether to clean the arc residual corner is determined based on whether to clean the residual corner.

9. The method for rough turning tool path planning for an omnidirectional turning tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of dividing the current tool path cutting area into an area larger than the upper cutting radius and an area smaller than the upper cutting radius according to the upper cutting radius parameter and the minimum upper cutting amount includes: Construct a dividing line, and make the distance between the dividing line and the rotary axis equal to the upper cutting radius parameter. The line divides the current tool path to be cut into two parts. The area above the line is regarded as the area greater than the upper cutting radius, and the area below the line is regarded as the area less than the upper cutting radius. It is determined whether the height of the area smaller than the upper cutting radius is less than the minimum upper cutting amount. If so, the area smaller than the upper cutting radius is merged into the area larger than the upper cutting radius.

10. A rough turning tool path planning system for omnidirectional turning tools, characterized in that: include: The module for obtaining the area to be processed is used to obtain the processing parameters and the tool parameters of the omnidirectional turning tool; Angle positive and negative determination module, used to determine the starting direction of each line segment in the machining geometry and the positive and negative of the tool rake angle and the rake angle based on the tool rake angle parameters and rake angle parameters; The module for obtaining the area to be processed is used to obtain the rake angle interference area and the back angle interference area based on the starting direction of each line segment in the processing geometry and the positive and negative values ​​of the tool rake angle and back angle, update the processing geometry, and obtain the area to be processed based on the updated processing geometry, axial allowance and radial allowance; A tool path planning module is used to divide the area to be processed into multiple tool path cutting areas according to the set cutting direction type and the cutting depth of each layer, determine the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area based on the set cutting direction type and the machining geometric direction, and determine the tool path type of each tool path cutting area according to the cutting direction type and cutting direction of each tool path cutting area; The transition tool path planning module is used to construct a transition tool path between the i-th tool path to be cut area and the i+1-th tool path to be cut area based on the cutting end point of the i-th tool path to be cut area and the cutting starting point of the i+1-th tool path to be cut area, i=1, 2, ...N-1, N is the total number of tool path to be cut areas.

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