Roller withdrawing method of cylindrical roller axle box bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses a roller withdrawal method of a cylindrical roller axle box bearing. An adopted roller withdrawal device comprises a device base, an outer ring clamping mechanism, a roller clamping mechanism and a pinch bar mechanism. The device base is in a horizontal U shape; the outer ring clamping mechanism comprises a bottom supporting mechanism and a top limiting mechanism; the bottom supporting mechanism comprises two supporting seats fixed on the device bottom plate and a pair of outer ring supporting wheels bridged between the top surfaces of the two heads of the two supporting seats; the top limiting mechanism comprises a locking air cylinder installed on the top face of the device top plate and an outer ring pressing block connected to the locking air cylinder and located below the device top plate. The roller clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame arranged between the middle parts of the two supporting seats and two clamping screws mounted on the clamping frame; the pinch bar mechanism comprises a pinch bar hinged to the middle of the bottom face of the clamping frame and placed on a pinch bar support and two guide rods fixed to the bottom face of the clamping frame. The device can ensure that the roller does not additionally damage a bearing part in the withdrawing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a roller unloading method of a cylindrical roller axle box bearing. Background Art

[0002] The separable double-row cylindrical roller bearing is a typical structure of rail transit bearings. It is composed of two independent single-row cylindrical roller bearings. The outer ring assembly and inner ring of each single-row cylindrical roller bearing can be axially separated, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. The cylindrical roller is the core component of this type of bearing and mainly plays a bearing role. The nylon cage not only isolates the rollers to make them evenly distributed, but also radially constrains the rollers, so that the outer ring of the bearing, the rollers and the cage constitute the outer assembly of the bearing. However, there are certain difficulties in the maintenance of bearings with this structure, especially when the rollers need to be removed. In the prior art, manual knocking or manual clamping of the rollers with simple tools is usually used for disassembly, which is not only inefficient, but also easy to damage the outer assembly of the bearing, affecting its service life and precision. In addition, due to the close fit between the rollers, the cage and the outer ring, if the force distribution is uneven during the disassembly process, it is easy to cause local deformation or even damage to the cage, thereby increasing the maintenance cost and maintenance time. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for removing the rollers of a cylindrical roller axle box bearing, which can reliably ensure that no additional bearing component damage occurs during the removal process of the cylindrical rollers.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a roller unloading method for a cylindrical roller axle box bearing, using a roller unloading device, the roller unloading device comprising a device base, an outer ring clamping mechanism, a roller clamping mechanism and a pry bar mechanism;

[0005] The device base comprises a device bottom plate, a device end plate connected to one end of the device bottom plate, and a device top plate connected to the top surface of the device end plate, and is in a lying U shape; two blind holes are provided on the top surface of the device bottom plate, one in front and one in the back, on the center line in the length direction;

[0006] The outer ring clamping mechanism includes a bottom supporting mechanism and a top limiting mechanism;

[0007] The bottom support mechanism comprises two Ω-shaped support seats which are transversely fixed on the top surface of the device bottom plate of the device base, one in front and one behind, and an outer ring support wheel which is longitudinally connected between the top surfaces of the two ends of the two support seats in a one-to-one correspondence; a guide through hole which is coaxial with the two blind holes on the device bottom plate is respectively formed in the middle of the top plates of the two support seats, and the aperture of the guide through hole is smaller than the aperture of the blind hole;

[0008] The top limiting mechanism comprises a locking cylinder mounted on the top surface of the device top plate of the device base and located directly above the central axis of the two support seats, and an outer ring pressure block connected to the piston rod of the locking cylinder and located below the device top plate;

[0009] The roller clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame and two clamping screws; the clamping frame is longitudinally arranged between the middle parts of the two supporting seats, and the clamping frame comprises an L-shaped clamping base composed of a horizontal part and a vertical part, a side rocker with a lower end hinged to the front end of the horizontal part of the clamping base, and an upper rocker with a rear end hinged to the upper end of the vertical part of the clamping base; the front end of the upper rocker is snap-connected with the top of the side rocker; the two clamping screws are correspondingly and relatively installed on the upper part of the vertical part of the clamping base and the upper part of the side rocker;

[0010] The pry bar mechanism comprises a pry bar support, a pry bar and two guide rods; the pry bar support is fixed on the top surface of the device bottom plate away from the device end plate and is located between the two support seats in the bottom support mechanism; the front end of the pry bar is hinged to the middle of the bottom surface of the horizontal part of the clamping base, and the front part of the pry bar is placed on the pry bar support; the bottom of the guide rod is provided with a limiting pier whose diameter is matched with the aperture of the blind hole on the device bottom plate, and the limiting piers at the bottom of the two guide rods are inserted into the two blind holes on the device bottom plate one by one, and the two guide rods are inserted into the guide through holes on the two support seats of the bottom support mechanism one by one and slidably, and then fixed to the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the horizontal part of the clamping base;

[0011] The roller unloading method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Control the piston rod of the locking cylinder to be in a retracted state, so that the outer ring pressure block rises, and at the same time, lift the rear part of the pry bar to lower the clamping frame to the lowest position, then open the upper rocker and side rocker of the roller clamping frame, and then put the bearing outer assembly upright into the unloading device and place it on a pair of outer ring support wheels;

[0013] Step 2: First, start the piston rod of the locking cylinder to extend, drive the outer ring pressure block to press down the outer bearing assembly, so that the outer ring pressure block and a pair of outer ring support wheels can fix the outer bearing assembly together, and then close the upper rocker and the side rocker, so that the two clamping screws are located at the two ends of the lowest roller one by one;

[0014] Step 3, rotating a clamping screw on the roller clamping mechanism so that the two clamping screws clamp the lowest roller;

[0015] Step 4: Press the rear of the pry bar downward to drive the clamping frame to lift until the limit piers at the bottom of the two guide rods are limited by the top plate of the support seat. At this point, the roller clamped by the two clamping screws has been carried upward by the clamping frame to exit the pocket of the cage. Loosen one clamping screw and take out the exited roller.

[0016] Step 5. First lift the rear part of the pry bar to lower the clamping frame to the lowest position, then rotate the retaining frame of the outer component of the bearing to rotate the next roller to the lowest position. Repeat steps 3 and 4 to withdraw the next roller until all rollers are withdrawn, completing the lossless separation of the rollers from the bearing outer ring and retaining frame.

[0017] In the above-mentioned roller removal method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing, a groove is provided in the middle of the top plate of the support seat so that the heights of the two ends of the top plate are higher than the height of the middle of the top plate.

[0018] The roller removal method of the above-mentioned cylindrical roller axle box bearing, wherein the two outer ring support wheels are bridged between the two end top surfaces of the two support seats through a pair of wheel frames; the outer ring support wheel is a nylon roller, the length of the outer ring support wheel is adapted to the height of the outer ring of the bearing, and the two ends of the outer ring support wheel are respectively provided with a rib with a diameter larger than the outer ring support wheel.

[0019] In the above-mentioned roller removal method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing, the head of the fixed end clamping screw and the head of the movable end clamping screw are both equipped with nylon sleeves or copper sleeves.

[0020] The above-mentioned roller removal method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing, wherein the pry bar support includes a U-shaped base frame longitudinally fixed on the top surface of the base bottom plate and a support shaft spanning between the upper parts of the two side arms of the base; the front part of the pry bar is placed on the support shaft.

[0021] The roller unloading method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The roller unloading device used in the present invention can fully protect the surfaces of the roller, the cage and the outer ring of the bearing during the roller unloading process, and can reliably ensure that no additional bearing component damage occurs during the cylindrical roller unloading process;

[0023] 2. The roller unloading device used in the present invention can be applied to the roller unloading of all medium and large cylindrical roller bearings, especially for rail transit double-row cylindrical roller axle box bearings. It can cover all cylindrical roller axle box bearing models with an outer diameter of φ200mm-φ240mm without replacing the positioning components, and has very strong versatility;

[0024] 3. The roller unloading device adopted in the present invention is easy to be automated. By simply modifying the outer ring clamping mechanism, the roller clamping mechanism and the pry bar mechanism, such as by adding roller position sensing sensors, servo motors for driving the rotation of the bearing outer components and cylinders for driving the pry bar, the roller unloading can be fully automated, thereby further improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view of the roller unloading device used in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is an axonometric view of the roller clamping mechanism in the roller unloading device used in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the pry bar mechanism in the roller unloading device adopted in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is an axonometric view of the state when performing step 1 of the roller unloading method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a front view of the state when performing step 4 of the roller unloading method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 5 The roller unloading method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing of the present invention adopts a roller unloading device, which includes a device base 1, an outer ring clamping mechanism, a roller clamping mechanism 3 and a pry bar mechanism 4.

[0032] The device base 1 includes a device bottom plate 11, a device end plate 12 connected to the right end of the device bottom plate 11, and a device top plate 13 connected to the top surface of the device end plate 12, and is in a lying U shape; two blind holes 14 are opened on the top surface of the device bottom plate 11, one in front and one behind, on the center line in the length direction.

[0033] The outer ring clamping mechanism includes a bottom supporting mechanism 2A and a top limiting mechanism 2B.

[0034] The bottom support mechanism 2A includes two support seats 21 and a pair of outer ring support wheels 22; wherein the two support seats 21 are transversely fixed on the top surface of the device bottom plate 11 of the device base 1, one in front and one in the back, and the spacing between the two support seats 21 is adapted to the height of the bearing outer ring 5c; the support seat 21 is Ω-shaped, and a groove is provided in the middle of the top plate of the support seat 21, so that the height of the two ends of the top plate is higher than the height of the middle of the top plate; a guide through hole coaxial with the two blind holes 14 on the device bottom plate 11 is provided in the middle of the top plates of the two support seats 21, and the aperture of the guide through hole is smaller than the aperture of the blind hole 14; the pair of outer ring support wheels 22 are longitudinally spanned between the top surfaces of the two ends of the two support seats 21 through a pair of wheel frames 23 in a one-to-one correspondence; the outer ring support wheel 22 is a nylon roller, the length of the outer ring support wheel 22 is adapted to the height of the bearing outer ring 5c, and the two ends of the outer ring support wheel 22 are respectively provided with a retaining edge 220 with a diameter larger than the outer ring support wheel 22.

[0035] The top limiting mechanism 2B includes a locking cylinder 24 and an outer ring pressure block 25; the locking cylinder 24 is installed on the top surface of the device top plate 13 of the device base 1 and is located directly above the central axis of the two support seats 21; the outer ring pressure block 25 is connected to the piston rod of the locking cylinder 24 and is located below the device top plate 13, and the bottom surface of the outer ring pressure block 25 is an inverted V shape.

[0036] The roller clamping mechanism 3 includes a clamping frame 3A and two clamping screws 35; the clamping frame 3A is longitudinally arranged between the middle parts of the two supporting seats 21, and the clamping frame 3A includes an L-shaped clamping base 3B composed of a horizontal part 31 and a vertical part 32, a side rocker 33 whose lower end is hinged to the front end of the horizontal part 31 of the clamping base 3B, and an upper rocker 34 whose rear end is hinged to the upper end of the vertical part 32 of the clamping base 3B; a male stop is provided on the bottom surface of the front end of the upper rocker 34, and a female stop matched with the male stop is provided on the top surface of the side rocker 33, so that the front end of the upper rocker 34 is connected to the top of the side rocker 33 through the male stop and the female stop; two clamping screws 35 are installed one by one and relatively on the upper part of the vertical part 32 of the clamping base 3B and the upper part of the side rocker 33, and the heads of the two clamping screws 35 are both equipped with nylon sleeves or copper sleeves;

[0037] The pry bar mechanism 4 includes a pry bar support, a pry bar 40 and two guide rods 43, wherein the pry bar support is fixed on the left top surface of the device bottom plate 11 away from the device end plate 12 and is located between the two support seats 21 in the bottom support mechanism 2A; the pry bar support includes a U-shaped base frame 41 longitudinally fixed on the top surface of the base bottom plate 11 and a support shaft 42 spanning between the upper parts of the two side arms of the base frame 41; the front end of the pry bar 40 is hinged to the middle part of the bottom surface of the horizontal part 31 of the clamping base 3C, and the pry bar 40 is fixed to the left top surface of the device bottom plate 11 and the two guide rods 43 are ... side arms of the base frame 41 and the two guide rods 43 are located between the two side arms of the base frame 41 and the two guide rods 43 are located between the two side arms of the base frame 41 and the two guide rods 43 are located between the two side arms of the base frame 41 and the two guide rods 43 are located between the two side arms of the base frame 41 and the two guide rods 43 are located between the two side arms of the base frame 41 and the two guide rods 43 are located between the two side arms of the base frame 41 and the two guide rods 4 The front part of the rod 40 is placed on the support shaft 42 of the pry bar support; the bottom of each guide rod 43 is provided with a limiting pier 430 whose diameter is adapted to the aperture of the blind hole 14 on the device bottom plate 11, and the limiting piers 430 at the bottom of the two guide rods 43 are inserted into the two blind holes 14 on the device bottom plate 11 one by one, and the two guide rods 43 are inserted into the guide through holes on the two support seats 21 of the bottom support mechanism 2A one by one and slidably, and then fixed on the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the horizontal part 31 of the clamping base 3B.

[0038] Please see again Figure 4 and Figure 5 The roller unloading method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Control the piston rod of the locking cylinder 24 to be in a retracted state, so that the outer ring pressure block 25 rises. At the same time, lift the rear part of the pry bar 40 of the pry bar mechanism 4 to lower the clamping frame 3A to the lowest position, that is, the limiting piers 430 at the bottom of the two guide rods 43 have been inserted into the two blind holes 14 on the device bottom plate 11 one by one, then open the upper rocker 34 and the side rocker 33 of the clamping frame 3A, and then put the bearing outer component 5 upright into the roller unloading device and sit on a pair of outer ring support wheels 22; because both ends of the two outer ring support wheels 22 are provided with ribs 220, the bearing outer component 5 can be axially limited (see Figure 4 );

[0040] Step 2: First, start the piston rod of the locking cylinder 24 to extend, drive the outer ring pressing block 25 to press down the outer bearing assembly 5, so that the outer ring pressing block 25 and a pair of outer ring supporting wheels 22 can fix the outer bearing assembly 5 together, and then close the upper rocker 34 and the side rocker 33, so that the two clamping screws 35 are located at the two ends of the lowest roller 5a one by one;

[0041] Step 3: Rotate a clamping screw 35 on the roller clamping mechanism 3 so that the two clamping screws 35 clamp the lowest roller 5a; since the heads of the two clamping screws 35 are both equipped with nylon sleeves or copper sleeves, the hardness of which is much lower than the hardness of the roller 5a, it can avoid the end surface of the roller 5a from being damaged when the roller 5a is clamped;

[0042] Step 4: First, press the rear part of the pry bar 40 downward to drive the clamping frame 3A to rise. At this time, the two guide rods 43 make the clamping frame 3A rise vertically to prevent the clamping frame 3A from tilting, until the limit piers 430 at the bottom of the two guide rods 43 are limited by the top plate of the support seat 21, so that the clamping frame 3A can no longer rise, ensuring that the clamping frame 3A will not hit the bearing outer component 5. At this point, the roller 5a clamped by the two clamping screws 35 has been carried by the clamping frame 3A to exit the pocket of the retainer 5b upward (see Figure 5 ), then loosen a clamping screw 35 and take out the exited roller 5a;

[0043] Step 5: first lift the rear part of the pry bar 40 to lower the clamping frame 3A to the lowest position, then rotate the retaining frame 5b of the bearing outer component 5 to rotate the next roller 5a to the lowest position, repeat steps 3 and 4, withdraw the next roller 5a, until all rollers 5a are withdrawn, and the roller 5a is separated from the bearing outer ring 5c ​​and retaining frame 5b without loss.

[0044] The roller unloading method of the cylindrical roller axle box bearing of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0045] 1. The outer bearing component 5 is fixed to the roller unloading device through the outer ring clamping mechanism, and the bottom support mechanism 2A of the outer ring clamping mechanism 2A can limit the outer bearing component 5 axially, and the top limit mechanism 2B can limit the outer bearing component 5 radially.

[0046] 2. The end face of the roller 5a is clamped by the clamping frame 3A. The heads of the two clamping screws 35 are both provided with copper sleeves, which can generate sufficient friction without scratching the end face of the roller 5a, ensuring that the roller 5a is evenly stressed and does not tilt or loosen during the removal process.

[0047] 3. The two guide rods 43 of the pry bar mechanism 4 can always make the roller 5a subject to a horizontal upward force during the unloading process, which can ensure that the end surface of the roller 5a and the retaining frame 5b will not cause additional damage.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the relevant technical field may make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also belong to the scope of the present invention and should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A roller unloading method for a cylindrical roller axle box bearing, using a roller unloading device, the roller unloading device comprising a device base, an outer ring clamping mechanism, a roller clamping mechanism and a pry bar mechanism; wherein, The device base comprises a device bottom plate, a device end plate connected to one end of the device bottom plate, and a device top plate connected to the top surface of the device end plate, and is in a lying U shape; two blind holes are provided on the top surface of the device bottom plate, one in front and one in the back, on the center line in the length direction; The outer ring clamping mechanism includes a bottom supporting mechanism and a top limiting mechanism; The bottom support mechanism comprises two Ω-shaped support seats which are transversely fixed on the top surface of the device bottom plate of the device base, one in front and one behind, and an outer ring support wheel which is longitudinally connected between the top surfaces of the two ends of the two support seats in a one-to-one correspondence; a guide through hole which is coaxial with the two blind holes on the device bottom plate is respectively formed in the middle of the top plates of the two support seats, and the aperture of the guide through hole is smaller than the aperture of the blind hole; The top limiting mechanism comprises a locking cylinder mounted on the top surface of the device top plate of the device base and located directly above the central axis of the two support seats, and an outer ring pressure block connected to the piston rod of the locking cylinder and located below the device top plate; The roller clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame and two clamping screws; the clamping frame is longitudinally arranged between the middle parts of the two supporting seats, and the clamping frame comprises an L-shaped clamping base composed of a horizontal part and a vertical part, a side rocker with a lower end hinged to the front end of the horizontal part of the clamping base, and an upper rocker with a rear end hinged to the upper end of the vertical part of the clamping base; the front end of the upper rocker is snap-connected with the top of the side rocker; the two clamping screws are correspondingly and relatively installed on the upper part of the vertical part of the clamping base and the upper part of the side rocker; The pry bar mechanism comprises a pry bar support, a pry bar and two guide rods; the pry bar support is fixed on the top surface of the device bottom plate away from the device end plate and is located between the two support seats in the bottom support mechanism; the front end of the pry bar is hinged to the middle of the bottom surface of the horizontal part of the clamping base, and the front part of the pry bar is placed on the pry bar support; the bottom of the guide rod is provided with a limiting pier whose diameter is matched with the aperture of the blind hole on the device bottom plate, and the limiting piers at the bottom of the two guide rods are inserted into the two blind holes on the device bottom plate one by one, and the two guide rods are inserted into the guide through holes on the two support seats of the bottom support mechanism one by one and slidably, and then fixed to the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the horizontal part of the clamping base; Characterized in that the roller unloading method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Control the piston rod of the locking cylinder to be in a retracted state, so that the outer ring pressure block rises, and at the same time, lift the rear part of the pry bar to lower the clamping frame to the lowest position, then open the upper rocker and side rocker of the roller clamping frame, and then put the bearing outer assembly upright into the unloading device and place it on a pair of outer ring support wheels; Step 2: First, start the piston rod of the locking cylinder to extend, drive the outer ring pressure block to press down the outer bearing assembly, so that the outer ring pressure block and a pair of outer ring support wheels can fix the outer bearing assembly together, and then close the upper rocker and the side rocker, so that the two clamping screws are located at the two ends of the lowest roller one by one; Step 3, rotating a clamping screw on the roller clamping mechanism so that the two clamping screws clamp the lowest roller; Step 4: Press the rear of the pry bar downward to drive the clamping frame to lift until the limit piers at the bottom of the two guide rods are limited by the top plate of the support seat. At this point, the roller clamped by the two clamping screws has been carried upward by the clamping frame to exit the pocket of the cage. Loosen one clamping screw and take out the exited roller. Step 5. First lift the rear part of the pry bar to lower the clamping frame to the lowest position, then rotate the retaining frame of the outer component of the bearing to rotate the next roller to the lowest position. Repeat steps 3 and 4 to withdraw the next roller until all rollers are withdrawn, completing the lossless separation of the rollers from the bearing outer ring and retaining frame.

2. The roller removal method of a cylindrical roller axle box bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is arranged in the middle of the top plate of the support seat so that the heights of the two ends of the top plate are higher than the height of the middle of the top plate.

3. The roller removal method of a cylindrical roller axle box bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two outer ring support wheels are both straddled between the top surfaces of the two support seats through a pair of wheel frames; the outer ring support wheels are nylon rollers, the length of the outer ring support wheels is adapted to the height of the outer ring of the bearing, and both ends of the outer ring support wheels are respectively provided with ribs with a diameter larger than the outer ring support wheels.

4. The roller removal method of a cylindrical roller axle box bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heads of the fixed-end clamping screws and the heads of the movable-end clamping screws are both provided with nylon sleeves or copper sleeves.

5. The roller removal method of a cylindrical roller axle box bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pry bar support comprises a U-shaped base frame longitudinally fixed on the top surface of the base bottom plate and a support shaft straddling between the upper parts of the two side arms of the base frame; the front part of the pry bar is placed on the support shaft.

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