Bridge foundation pile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a bridge foundation pile which comprises a pile foundation deeply buried in the seabed, and the top of the pile foundation is integrally connected with a pier; the periphery of the pier is sleeved with an energy absorption mechanism capable of moving up and down, and the top of the energy absorption mechanism is fixedly connected with a flow dividing and direction adjusting mechanism. The bridge piers are used for connecting the pile foundations and the bridge deck, and the bridge piers can transmit horizontal and vertical loads to the pile foundations so as to prevent the bridge from laterally moving; the energy absorption mechanism is used for reducing the erosion effect of sea waves on the bridge pier, and the energy absorption mechanism can ascend and descend along the bridge pier along with the ebb and the fall of the tide; the shunting and direction-adjusting mechanism is used for shunting sea waves passing through the bridge pier, and backflow generated by the shunting and direction-adjusting mechanism can reduce the flow velocity of the sea waves near the bridge pier; and when the wind direction is changed, the flow dividing and direction adjusting mechanism can adjust the orientation of the flow dividing and direction adjusting mechanism. The corrosion of seawater to the pier can be weakened, and the stability of the pile foundation is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and in particular relates to a bridge foundation pile. Background Art

[0002] For bridges across the sea, due to the effect of ocean currents, the areas where seawater flows through the foundation piles are prone to abrasion damage due to friction, cutting and scouring. Among them, the most vulnerable part of the bridge foundation piles is the location in contact with the water surface, because the bridge foundation piles near this location are most susceptible to scouring by waves, and the part of the ocean current that contains the most energy is the waves at the top of the ocean current. Therefore, it is particularly important to effectively protect the bridge foundation piles.

[0003] For example, a Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN106049556A and application publication date 2016.10.26 discloses a pile foundation anti-scouring and abrasion structure, which protects the pile foundation from scouring and abrasion by setting a protective sleeve outside the pile foundation, laying a precast concrete cushion layer at the bottom of the protective sleeve, and inserting the protective sleeve into the hole of the precast concrete cushion layer through the blade foot, which can effectively prevent the riverbed at the bottom of the protective sleeve from being scoured due to long-term scouring of water flow, thereby causing the exposed pile body to be eroded; the pressing block and the blade foot make it easier for the protective sleeve to be embedded in the riverbed, thereby improving work efficiency. However, in the pile foundation anti-scouring and abrasion structure, when the waves pass through the protective sleeve set outside the foundation pile, although the protective sleeve can isolate the foundation pile from contact with seawater and reduce the corrosion of the foundation pile by seawater, the energy contained in the waves will still be fully transmitted to the foundation pile through the protective sleeve, and after years, it will still affect the stability of the foundation pile. In addition, if a steel casing structure is used to protect it, the corrosion effect of seawater on steel must also be considered, which will also cause many inconveniences in the later maintenance of the foundation piles of the cross-sea bridge. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bridge foundation pile in view of the deficiencies in the prior art. The present invention can weaken the erosion of the bridge pier by seawater and ensure the stability of the pile foundation.

[0005] The present solution is achieved through the following technical measures: a bridge foundation pile, comprising a pile foundation deeply buried in the seabed, the top of the pile foundation being integrally connected with a bridge pier; The outer sleeve of the bridge pier is provided with an energy absorbing mechanism that can move up and down, and the top of the energy absorbing mechanism is fixedly connected with a flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism; The pier is used to connect the pile foundation and the bridge deck, and the pier can transfer horizontal and vertical loads to the pile foundation to prevent the bridge from lateral movement; The energy absorbing mechanism is used to reduce the erosion effect of waves on the bridge piers, and the energy absorbing mechanism can rise and fall along the bridge piers following the ebb and flow of tides; The diversion and redirection mechanism is used to divert the waves passing through the bridge piers, and the backflow generated by the diversion and redirection mechanism can reduce the flow velocity of the waves near the bridge piers; When the wind direction changes, the diversion and direction adjustment mechanism can adjust its own direction.

[0006] Preferably, the energy absorbing mechanism comprises a mounting ring sleeved on the periphery of the pier, the mounting ring is fixedly connected to a mounting bolt on a side close to the wave direction, and the mounting bolt is rotatably connected to a plurality of energy absorbing plates on an end away from the mounting ring.

[0007] Preferably, each of the energy absorbing plates is provided with a cutting edge on a side away from the mounting bolt.

[0008] Preferably, the distance between the end of the energy absorbing plate away from the mounting ring and the rotating shaft is greater than the distance between the end of the energy absorbing plate close to the mounting ring and the rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the energy absorbing plate is made of a floating material and has a hollow structure.

[0010] Preferably, the diversion and direction-adjusting mechanism comprises a V-shaped plate fixedly connected to the top of the mounting ring, and the opening direction of the V-shaped plate is the same as the flow direction of the waves.

[0011] Preferably, a pair of parallel plates are fixedly connected to one side of the opening of the V-shaped plate, one end of the two parallel plates away from the V-shaped plate is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, and the length of the parallel plates is greater than the length of a single arm of the V-shaped plate.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing plate is in the shape of an arc with its opening facing the V-plate.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. In the bridge pile foundation, the energy absorption mechanism is set to reduce the erosion of waves on the bridge piers, and the energy absorption mechanism can rise and fall along the bridge piers with the ebb and flow of the tide: when the waves flow through the energy absorption plate, the component force parallel to the energy absorption plate will cause scouring and erosion of the energy absorption plate, but this component force is smaller than the total force when the energy absorption plate is perpendicular to the sea level. Accordingly, the erosion caused by the component force parallel to the energy absorption plate will be reduced. The component force perpendicular to the energy absorption plate will drive the energy absorption plate to overcome the resistance of the sea water and do work, thereby weakening the erosion of the waves on the bridge piers, thereby ensuring the stability of the pile foundation; 2. In the bridge foundation piles, the diversion and direction adjustment mechanism is used to divert the waves passing through the bridge piers. The backflow generated by the diversion and direction adjustment mechanism can reduce the flow rate of the waves near the bridge piers: the tail of the V-shaped plate diverts the waves, further weakening the flow rate of the seawater. After the seawater reaches the vicinity of the fixed plate, the arc-shaped inner side of the fixed plate causes the seawater to flow back near the bridge piers. These backflows can weaken the flow rate of the seawater and reduce the erosion of the seawater on the bridge piers. 3. In the foundation piles of the bridge, when the wind direction changes, the cutting edge arranged on the side away from the energy absorbing plate reduces the resistance of the energy absorbing plate when it rotates around the bridge pier driven by wind, ensuring that when the wind direction changes, the energy absorbing plate and the V-shaped plate can be quickly adjusted to the working position, ensuring that the waves always pass through the energy absorbing plate and the V-shaped plate before flowing through the bridge pier, that is, the waves are always first reduced in flow velocity by the energy absorbing plate and the V-shaped plate, and then flow through the surface of the bridge pier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a left side schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the energy absorbing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the energy absorbing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0015] The meaning of each number in the figure is: 100. Pile foundation; 110. Bridge pier; 200, energy absorbing mechanism; 210, mounting ring; 220, mounting bolt; 230, energy absorbing plate; 231, cutting edge; 300, flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism; 310, V-shaped plate; 320, parallel plate; 330, fixed plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a bridge foundation pile comprises a pile foundation 100 deeply buried in the seabed, and a bridge pier 110 is integrally connected to the top of the pile foundation 100; The outer periphery of the bridge pier 110 is provided with an energy absorbing mechanism 200 that can move up and down, and the top of the energy absorbing mechanism 200 is fixedly connected with a flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism 300; The bridge pier 110 is used to connect the pile foundation 100 and the bridge deck, and the bridge pier 110 can transfer horizontal and vertical loads to the pile foundation 100 to prevent the bridge from lateral movement; The energy absorbing mechanism 200 is used to reduce the erosion effect of the waves on the bridge pier 110, and the energy absorbing mechanism 200 can rise and fall along the bridge pier 110 following the ebb and flow of the tide; The flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism 300 is used to divert the waves passing through the bridge pier 110. The backflow generated by the flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism 300 can reduce the flow velocity of the waves near the bridge pier 110. When the wind direction changes, the diversion and direction adjustment mechanism 300 can adjust its own direction to ensure that it can always divert and buffer the waves and reduce the erosion effect of the waves on the bridge pier 110.

[0018] The purpose of the pier 110 is to transfer the vertical load from the top bridge deck and passing vehicles to the pile foundation 100 at the bottom. At the same time, in the marine environment, the pier 110 is subjected to the impact force from the waves, the force of the sea breeze and the lateral thrust of the water flow. The pier 110 itself has a certain lateral stiffness, which transfers the horizontal force to the pile foundation 100, and resists the horizontal displacement through the friction between the pile foundation 100 and the seabed foundation soil or the pile end resistance, thereby preventing the bridge from moving sideways as a whole. Therefore, the stability of the pier 110 is crucial to the pile foundation 100 and even the entire bridge, so an energy absorption mechanism 200 and a diversion and adjustment mechanism 300 that can resist the impact of waves are set on the pier 110.

[0019] After the energy absorbing mechanism 200 and the diversion and redirection mechanism 300 are installed on the pier 110, the two float on the sea surface under the action of the buoyancy of seawater. Since the energy absorbing mechanism 200 is slidingly connected to the pier 110, the energy absorbing mechanism 200 can rise and fall with the ebb and flow of the tide, thereby protecting the part of the pier 110 in contact with the sea surface and reducing the erosion effect of waves on this position.

[0020] After being weakened by the energy absorbing mechanism 200, the energy in the waves reaching the vicinity of the bridge pier 110 is much lower than before being weakened, and accordingly, the erosion effect of the waves on the bridge pier 110 is weakened. On this basis, the diversion and direction adjustment mechanism 300 diverts the waves flowing to the vicinity of the bridge pier 110, further weakening the energy contained in the waves.

[0021] At the same time, due to the structural design of the diversion and redirection mechanism 300, when the waves flow through the diversion and redirection mechanism 300, they can generate backflow around the bridge pier 110. These backflows can decelerate the flow velocity of the waves that subsequently pass through the bridge pier 110, further weakening the energy contained in the waves and reducing the erosion effect of the waves on the bridge pier 110.

[0022] The weather conditions in the marine environment are complex and changeable. When the wind direction on the sea surface changes, since the length of the wind-bearing part of the diverter and redirector mechanism 300 is designed to be greater than the length of the diverter part, the wind automatically blows the diverter and redirector mechanism 300 under the action of the lateral wind force difference between the two parts, and blows the diverter part of the diverter and redirector mechanism 300 in the direction of the waves, thereby ensuring that the diverter and redirector mechanism 300 can always divert the waves.

[0023] Although the conventional fixed protective sleeves, baffles and other structures can isolate the waves and prevent the waves from directly contacting the bridge pier 110 and causing erosion, this fixed setting method will still transmit the energy in the waves to the bridge pier 110, causing permanent damage, and these protective structures will be directly subjected to erosion from the waves, and their service life will be affected. In the marine environment, there are also certain inconveniences in the maintenance and replacement of the protective structures. Therefore, the energy absorption mechanism 200 in the present invention is optimized in terms of connection method.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the energy absorbing mechanism 200 includes a mounting ring 210 sleeved on the periphery of the bridge pier 110, and the mounting ring 210 is fixedly connected to a mounting bolt 220 on the side close to the wave direction, and the mounting bolt 220 is rotatably connected to a plurality of energy absorbing plates 230 via a rotating shaft at the end away from the mounting ring 210. Each energy absorbing plate 230 is provided with a cutting edge 231 on the side away from the mounting bolt 220. The distance between the end of the energy absorbing plate 230 away from the mounting ring 210 and the rotating shaft is greater than the distance between the end of the energy absorbing plate 230 close to the mounting ring 210 and the rotating shaft.

[0025] The energy absorbing plate 230 is made of a floating material (such as high-density polyethylene), and has a hollow structure, thereby ensuring that the buoyancy generated by seawater on the energy absorbing plate 230 can support the entire energy absorbing mechanism 200 and the diversion and steering mechanism 300 to float on the sea surface, thereby always weakening the energy contained in the waves (because the energy contained in the waves is mainly concentrated in the wave crests near the sea surface).

[0026] That is to say, after the mounting ring 210 is mounted on the pier 110, since the distance from the end of the energy absorbing plate 230 close to the wave direction to the rotating axis is greater than the distance from the other end to the rotating axis, the energy absorbing plate 230 is inclined downward from the end close to the pier 110 to the end away from the pier 110.

[0027] Compared with the traditional method of fixing the protective device on the pier 110, the advantage of the method of rotating the energy absorbing plate 230 and the mounting bolt 220 in the present invention is that when the waves flow through the energy absorbing plate 230, the force of the waves on the inclined energy absorbing plate 230 can be decomposed into two components, one component is parallel to the energy absorbing plate 230, and the other component is perpendicular to the energy absorbing plate 230. The component parallel to the energy absorbing plate 230 produces scouring and erosion on the energy absorbing plate 230, but this component is smaller than the total force when the energy absorbing plate 230 is perpendicular to the sea level. Accordingly, the erosion effect of the component parallel to the energy absorbing plate 230 will be reduced. The component perpendicular to the energy absorbing plate 230 has a tendency to drive the energy absorbing plate 230 to rotate. If the energy absorbing plate 230 is to rotate, it needs to overcome the resistance of the sea water to it, so part of the energy contained in the waves will be converted into driving the energy absorbing plate 230 to overcome the resistance of the sea water and do work.

[0028] The weather conditions in the marine environment are complex and changeable. The wind direction near the bridge pier 110 may change at any time. Once the wind direction changes, causing the waves to flow through the back of the energy absorbing plate 230, in this case, the waves will first flow through the bridge pier 110 and then flow through the energy absorbing plate 230. At this time, the energy absorbing plate 230 loses the function of weakening the erosion of the waves. Therefore, a diversion and direction adjustment mechanism 300 is set up, which can adjust the direction of the energy absorbing plate 230 in real time according to the change of the wind direction on the sea surface, so that the top of the energy absorbing plate 230 faces the direction of the waves, ensuring that the waves always pass through the energy absorbing plate 230 first and then pass through the bridge pier 110.

[0029] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 The structure of the diverter and redirector mechanism 300 is described. The diverter and redirector mechanism 300 includes a V-plate 310 fixedly connected to the top of the mounting ring 210. The opening direction of the V-plate 310 is the same as the flow direction of the waves. The shape of the fixed plate 330 is an arc with the opening facing the V-plate 310.

[0030] After being weakened by the energy-absorbing plate 230, the velocity of the water flowing through the pier 110 is reduced. At this time, the tail of the V-shaped plate 310 diverts the waves, further weakening the velocity of the seawater. After the seawater reaches the vicinity of the fixed plate 330, the arc-shaped inner side of the fixed plate 330 causes the seawater to flow back near the pier 110. These backflows can weaken the velocity of the seawater and reduce the erosion of the seawater on the pier 110.

[0031] like Figure 7 As shown, a pair of parallel plates 320 are fixedly connected to the open side of the V-shaped plate 310 , and a fixed plate 330 is fixedly connected to one end of the two parallel plates 320 away from the V-shaped plate 310 . The length of the parallel plates 320 is greater than the length of a single arm of the V-shaped plate 310 .

[0032] When the wind direction on the sea surface changes, since the length of the parallel plate 320 is greater than the length of a single arm of the V-plate 310, the wind automatically blows the parallel plate 320 to rotate around the pier 110 under the action of the lateral wind force difference between the two parts, and blows the tail end of the V-plate 310 in the direction of the waves, thereby ensuring that the V-plate 310 can always divert the waves.

[0033] It is worth mentioning that a cutting edge 231 is provided on the side of the energy absorbing plate 230 away from the mounting bolt 220, which reduces the resistance of the energy absorbing plate 230 when it rotates around the bridge pier 110, ensuring that when the wind direction changes, the energy absorbing plate 230 and the V-plate 310 can be quickly adjusted to the working position, ensuring that the waves pass through the two before flowing through the bridge pier 110.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: After the energy absorbing mechanism 200 and the diversion and redirection mechanism 300 are installed on the pier 110, the two float on the sea surface under the action of the buoyancy of seawater. Since the mounting ring 210 is slidably connected to the pier 110, the mounting ring 210 can drive the energy absorbing plate 230 to rise and fall with the ebb and flow of the tide through the mounting bolt 220, thereby protecting the part of the pier 110 that contacts the sea surface and reducing the erosion effect of waves on this part.

[0035] When the waves flow through the energy absorbing plate 230, the force component parallel to the energy absorbing plate 230 scours and erodes the energy absorbing plate 230, but this force component is smaller than the total force when the energy absorbing plate 230 is perpendicular to the sea level. Accordingly, the erosion effect caused by the force component parallel to the energy absorbing plate 230 will be reduced. The force component perpendicular to the energy absorbing plate 230 tends to drive the energy absorbing plate 230 to rotate. If the energy absorbing plate 230 is to rotate, it needs to overcome the resistance of the sea water. Therefore, part of the energy contained in the waves will be converted into driving the energy absorbing plate 230 to overcome the resistance of the sea water and do work, thereby weakening the flow rate of the sea water.

[0036] After the weakening effect of the energy absorbing plate 230, the energy of the waves reaching the vicinity of the bridge pier 110 is much lower than before the weakening, and accordingly, the erosion effect of the waves on the bridge pier 110 is much lower. On this basis, the tail of the V-shaped plate 310 diverts the waves to further weaken the flow rate of the seawater. After the seawater reaches the vicinity of the fixed plate 330, the curved inner side of the fixed plate 330 causes the seawater to flow back near the bridge pier 110. These backflows can weaken the flow rate of the seawater and reduce the erosion effect of the seawater on the bridge pier 110.

[0037] At the same time, the cutting edge 231 provided on the side of the energy absorbing plate 230 away from the mounting bolt 220 reduces the resistance when the energy absorbing plate 230 rotates around the bridge pier 110, ensuring that when the wind direction changes, the energy absorbing plate 230 and the V-shaped plate 310 can be quickly adjusted to the working position, ensuring that the waves always pass through the energy absorbing plate 230 and the V-shaped plate 310 before flowing through the bridge pier 110, that is, the waves are always first reduced in velocity by the energy absorbing plate 230 and the V-shaped plate 310, and then flow through the surface of the bridge pier 110.

[0038] Technical features not described in the present invention can be implemented by existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in the field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge pile foundation, comprising a pile foundation (100) deeply buried in the seabed, wherein the top of the pile foundation (100) is integrally connected to a bridge pier (110), characterized in that: An energy absorbing mechanism (200) capable of moving up and down is sleeved on the periphery of the bridge pier (110), and a flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism (300) is fixedly connected to the top of the energy absorbing mechanism (200); The bridge pier (110) is used to connect the pile foundation (100) and the bridge deck, and the bridge pier (110) can transfer horizontal and vertical loads to the pile foundation (100) to prevent the bridge from lateral movement; The energy absorbing mechanism (200) is used to reduce the erosion effect of sea waves on the bridge pier (110), and the energy absorbing mechanism (200) can rise and fall along the bridge pier (110) following the ebb and flow of tides; The flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism (300) is used to divert the sea waves passing through the bridge pier (110), and the backflow generated by the flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism (300) can reduce the flow velocity of the sea waves near the bridge pier (110); When the wind direction changes, the flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism (300) can adjust its own direction.

2. The bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy absorbing mechanism (200) comprises a mounting ring (210) sleeved on the periphery of the bridge pier (110); the mounting ring (210) is fixedly connected to a mounting bolt (220) on a side close to the direction of the waves; the mounting bolt (220) is rotatably connected to a plurality of energy absorbing plates (230) at an end away from the mounting ring (210).

3. The bridge foundation pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the energy absorbing plates (230) is provided with a cutting edge (231) on a side away from the mounting bolt (220).

4. The bridge foundation pile according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the end of the energy absorbing plate (230) away from the mounting ring (210) and the rotating shaft is greater than the distance between the end of the energy absorbing plate (230) close to the mounting ring (210) and the rotating shaft.

5. The bridge foundation pile according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy absorbing plate (230) is made of a floating material, and has a hollow structure.

6. The bridge foundation pile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow diversion and direction adjustment mechanism (300) comprises a V-shaped plate (310) fixedly connected to the top of the mounting ring (210), and the opening direction of the V-shaped plate (310) is the same as the flow direction of the sea waves.

7. The bridge foundation pile according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pair of parallel plates (320) are fixedly connected to one side of the opening of the V-shaped plate (310); one end of the two parallel plates (320) away from the V-shaped plate (310) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (330); and the length of the parallel plates (320) is greater than the length of a single arm of the V-shaped plate (310).

8. The bridge foundation pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing plate (330) is in the shape of an arc with its opening facing the V-shaped plate (310).

Images