Bearing bush with cooling structure and bearing fixing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aero-engine bearing cooling, in particular to a bearing bush with a cooling structure and a bearing fixing method. Which comprises a bearing bush arranged in a bearing seat, a bearing is mounted in the bearing seat through the bearing bush, and is characterized in that a spiral cooling channel is arranged on the inner surface of the bearing bush, and an oil supply channel and an oil return channel corresponding to the spiral cooling channel are arranged on the bearing bush; when the bearing bush is matched with the bearing, the bearing outer ring is combined with the spiral cooling groove channel to form a closed flow channel for cooling lubricating oil to flow through, and the bearing outer ring is cooled. The cooling function on the outer ring of the bearing is added under the effect of ensuring that the outer ring of the bearing is fixed and sealed, the problem that the structural rigidity of the bearing is damaged by an outer ring internal flow cooling technology is solved, and efficient cooling of the interior of the bearing is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cooling of aircraft engine bearings, and in particular to a bearing bushing with a cooling structure and a bearing fixing method. Background Art

[0002] The bearing bushing is located in the bearing seat, and cooperates with the bearing to support the bearing rotation, and achieves the function of sealing and protecting the bearing. It is used as a matching part in the mechanical device. During the operation of the bearing, the use of the bushing can reduce the wear between the bearing and the bearing seat, and prevent the gap between the rotating shaft and the hole from increasing.

[0003] As a high-speed rotating thermal machine, aircraft engines require bearings to support their rotation. As an important component of the aircraft engine rotor system, bearings play a key role in the safe operation of the engine. When the bearing rotates at high speed, heat is generated due to contact friction between different structures. Lubricating oil is needed to reduce the friction between components. At the same time, the lubricating oil can also provide cooling and take away some of the heat. Traditional lubrication methods for aircraft engines include under-ring lubrication and jet lubrication. The lubricating oil cools the bearing from the inside out, and the cooling performance of the outer ring of the bearing is poor. Increasing the lubricating oil will cause large-scale retention of lubricating oil in the bearing cavity. When the rolling elements run at high speed in this oil environment, significant fluid viscous friction loss will be generated, which will increase the heat generated by the bearing and affect the cooling effect of the lubricating oil.

[0004] The patent (CN206299697U) discloses an outer ring internal flow cooling technology. In this technology, the lubricating oil entering the bearing through the oil supply hole under the ring is mainly used to meet the cooling and lubrication of the inner ring and rolling elements, while the inside of the outer ring of the bearing forms a hollow cooling flow channel through 3D printing technology, and a supply and return oil structure is set to cool the outer ring of the bearing separately, which differentiates the two functions of "lubrication" and "cooling" of the lubricating oil in the bearing, and realizes separate and functional oil supply, but it damages the structural stiffness of the outer ring of the bearing itself.

[0005] For the main shaft ball bearing of the aircraft engine, the structure of the bearing outer ring is not changed, and the bearing bushing is improved by structural innovation. A bearing bushing with a cooling structure is proposed to realize the flow heat exchange of lubricating oil to the bearing outer ring, improve the bearing structure temperature, cool the bearing outer ring, and reduce the amount of cooling lubricating oil. Efficient cooling of the bearing is achieved on the basis of not changing the stiffness of the bearing outer ring and satisfying the original function of the bearing bushing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a bearing bushing with a cooling structure and a bearing fixing method, which adopts a bearing bushing with a cooling structure to realize the flow heat exchange of lubricating oil to the outer ring of the bearing, and adds a cooling function on the basis of satisfying the original function of the bushing.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A bearing bushing with a cooling structure includes a bearing bushing disposed in a bearing housing. The bearing is installed in the bearing housing through the bearing bushing. The feature is that a spiral cooling channel is provided on the inner surface of the bearing bushing. A fuel supply channel and an oil return channel are provided on the bearing bushing corresponding to the spiral cooling channel. An oil supply hole is also provided on the bearing housing corresponding to the oil return channel. The bearing includes a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring, and a cage coaxially arranged. A plurality of balls are circumferentially arranged on the cage. When the bearing bushing cooperates with the bearing, the bearing outer ring and the spiral cooling channel form a closed flow channel for the cooling lubricating oil to flow through, so as to cool the bearing outer ring.

[0008] The bearing bushing is of a cylindrical structure. The ratio R1:R2 of the inner diameter R1 to the outer diameter R2 of the bearing bushing ranges from 0.8 to 1.0. The relationship between the inner diameter R3 of the rib and the inner diameter R1 of the bearing bushing is 0.5R1 < R3 < R1. The ratio a:b of the width a of the bearing bushing to the width b of the rib at the edge of the bearing bushing ranges from 3 to 10.

[0009] The spiral cooling channel is spirally distributed around the inner surface of the bearing bushing. The radial cross-section of the spiral cooling channel is quadrilateral. The bottom length of the spiral cooling channel is m, and the depth is n. The included angles 1 and 2 of the two sides of the spiral cooling channel with the bottom edge are in the range of: 0 < 1 < 180°, 0 < 2 < 180°; The axial center distance f of the spiral cooling channel, the bottom length m, the depth n, and the included angles 1 and 2 are related as 0 < f < [m ± n(tan 1 + tan 2)]; The number of turns g of the spiral cooling channel around the inner surface of the bearing bushing, the width a of the bearing bushing, the distance d from the center of the fuel supply channel to the end face of the rib of the bearing bushing, and the distance e from the center of the oil return channel to the end face of one side of the bearing bushing are related as 0.5 < g < (a - d - e) / f; The two ends of the spiral cooling channel are respectively connected to the fuel supply channel and the oil return channel.

[0010] Both the fuel supply channel and the oil return channel are cylindrical holes. The fuel supply channel and the oil return channel penetrate the wall surface of the bearing bushing. The fuel supply channel and the oil return channel are perpendicular to the spiral cooling channel. One end of the fuel supply channel is communicated with the spiral cooling channel, and the other end of the fuel supply channel is the inlet of the cooling lubricating oil. One end of the oil return channel is the outlet of the cooling lubricating oil, and the other end of the oil return channel is communicated with the spiral cooling channel.

[0011] The relationship between the inner diameter c of the oil supply channel and the oil return channel and the width a of the bearing bushing is: 0 < c < 0.3a. The relationship between the distance d from the center of the oil supply channel to the end face of the bearing bushing rib and the width a of the bearing bushing is 0 < d < 0.3a. The relationship between the distance e from the center of the oil return channel to the other end face of the bearing bushing and the width a of the bearing bushing is 0 < e < 0.3a.

[0012] The bearing bushing and the bearing outer ring are in interference fit, with an interference amount of x microns, and the range of x is 20 < x < 100; the bearing bushing and the bearing seat are in interference fit, with an interference amount of y microns, and the range of y is 20 < y < 100; a gasket for preventing leakage of cooling lubricating oil is provided at the rib of the bearing outer ring and the bearing bushing, and a bevel structure is reserved on the other side of the bearing bushing for facilitating welding with the bearing outer ring to prevent leakage of cooling lubricating oil.

[0013] A method for fixing a bearing of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure is characterized by including the following steps: Step 1: Utilize the principle of thermal expansion and contraction to heat the bearing bushing or cool the bearing, perform an interference fit between the bearing bushing and the bearing to fix the bearing, thereby playing a role in sealing and vibration damping and protecting the bearing from external factors; install a gasket at the rib of the bearing outer ring and the bearing bushing, and perform welding treatment between the bearing bushing and the bearing outer ring through a reserved bevel on one side of the bearing bushing to prevent leakage of cooling lubricating oil. Step 2: Supply lubricating oil through the oil supply hole on the bearing seat into the oil supply channel and flow into the spiral cooling channel. The cooling lubricating oil entering the spiral cooling channel finally flows out from the cooling lubricating oil outlet of the oil return channel to complete the cooling of the bearing outer ring. Furthermore, the initial temperature of the cooling lubricating oil is 300K - 350K, the heat flux density is 0W / m 2 ~2000W / m 2 , and the oil supply rate is 0.5m / s - 3.0m / s.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: A method for fixing a bearing of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure, which sets a bearing bushing with a cooling structure between the bearing and the bearing seat, positions and fixes the bearing through interference fit with the bearing outer ring, and simultaneously reduces wear during the use of the bearing; by arranging a spiral cooling channel inside the bearing bushing, it can realize separate cooling and heat exchange of the bearing outer ring, effectively improving the insufficient cooling of the bearing outer ring in the traditional cooling scheme, thereby reducing the amount of injected cooling lubricating oil, reducing the viscous friction loss of the lubricating oil in the bearing cavity, realizing efficient cooling inside the bearing, and further improving the service life of the bearing. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bearing bushing and bearing installation structure with a cooling structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a dimension parameter diagram of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure of the present invention; Figure 4 A radial cross-sectional groove dimension parameter diagram of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure according to the present invention; Figure 5 The figure is a fluid profile diagram of the spiral cooling channel of the present invention; Figure 6 A radial cross-sectional view of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure according to the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cloud diagram of the heat exchange effect of the bearing bushing with a cooling structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure, 101, bearing seat; 102, oil supply hole; 201, bearing bushing; 202, oil supply channel; 203, spiral cooling channel; 204, oil return channel; 3, gasket; 401, bearing inner ring; 402, retaining frame; 403, bearing outer ring; 404, ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; the examples given are only used to explain the present invention; they are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following specific implementation methods: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bearing bushing with a cooling structure comprises a bearing bushing 201 arranged in a bearing seat 101, and the bearing is installed in the bearing seat 101 through the bearing bushing 201. The characteristic is that the inner surface of the bearing bushing 201 is provided with a spiral cooling groove 203, and an oil supply channel 202 and an oil return channel 204 are provided on the bearing bushing 201 corresponding to the spiral cooling groove 203, and the bearing seat 101 is also provided with an oil supply hole 102 corresponding to the oil return channel 204. The bearing comprises a coaxially arranged bearing inner ring 401, a bearing outer ring 403, and a retaining frame 402, and a plurality of balls 404 are circumferentially arranged on the retaining frame 402; when the bearing bushing 201 is matched with the bearing, the bearing outer ring 403 is combined with the spiral cooling groove 203 to form a closed flow channel for cooling lubricating oil to flow through, so as to cool the bearing outer ring 403.

[0019] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the bearing bushing 201 is of a cylindrical structure. The ratio R1:R2 of the inner diameter R1 to the outer diameter R2 of the bearing bushing 201 ranges from 0.8 to 1.0. The relationship between the inner diameter R3 of the rib and the inner diameter R1 of the bearing bushing 201 is 0.5R1 < R3 < R1. The ratio a:b of the width a of the bearing bushing 201 to the width b of the rib at the edge of the bearing bushing 201 ranges from 3 to 10.

[0020] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the spiral cooling channel 203 is spirally distributed around the inner surface of the bearing bushing 201. The radial cross-section of the spiral cooling channel 203 is quadrilateral. The bottom length of the spiral cooling channel 203 is m, and the depth is n. The angles 1 between the two side edges of the spiral cooling channel 203 and the bottom edge and 2 range as follows: 0 < 1 < 180°, 0 < 2 < 180°. The relationship between the central axial pitch f of the spiral cooling channel 203, the bottom length m, the depth n, and the angles 1 and 2 is 0 < f < [m ± n (tan 1 + tan 2)]. The number of turns g of the spiral cooling channel 203 around the inner surface of the bearing bushing 201, the width a of the bearing bushing 201, the distance d from the center of the oil supply channel 202 to the end face of the rib of the bearing bushing 201, and the distance e from the center of the oil return channel 204 to the end face of one side of the bearing bushing 201 satisfy 0.5 < g < (a - d - e) / f. The two ends of the spiral cooling channel 203 are respectively connected to the oil supply channel 202 and the oil return channel 204.

[0021] Both the oil supply channel 202 and the oil return channel 204 are cylindrical holes. The oil supply channel 202 and the oil return channel 204 penetrate the wall surface of the bearing bushing 201 and are perpendicular to the spiral cooling channel 203. One end of the oil supply channel 202 is connected to the spiral cooling channel 203, and the other end of the oil supply channel 202 is the inlet for the cooling lubricating oil. One end of the oil return channel 204 is the outlet for the cooling lubricating oil, and the other end of the oil return channel 204 is connected to the spiral cooling channel 203.

[0022] The relationship between the inner diameter c of the oil supply channel 202 and the oil return channel 204 and the width a of the bearing bushing 201 is: 0 < c < 0.3a. The relationship between the distance d from the center of the oil supply channel 202 to the end face of the rib of the bearing bushing 201 and the width a of the bearing bushing 201 is 0 < d < 0.3a. The relationship between the distance e from the center of the oil return channel 204 to the end face of the other side of the bearing bushing 201 and the width a of the bearing bushing 201 is 0 < e < 0.3a.

[0023] The described bearing bushing 201 and the bearing outer ring 403 are in interference fit with an interference amount of x microns, where the range of x is 20 < x < 100; the bearing bushing 201 and the bearing housing 101 are in interference fit with an interference amount of y microns, where the range of y is 20 < y < 100; a washer 3 for preventing leakage of cooling lubricating oil is provided at the edge of the bearing outer ring 403 and the bearing bushing 201, and a bevel structure is reserved on the other side of the bearing bushing 201 to facilitate welding with the bearing outer ring 403 to prevent leakage of cooling lubricating oil.

[0024] As a specific solution of this embodiment, for the bearing bushing 201 with a cooling structure, the bearing bushing 201 is of a cylindrical structure, with an inner diameter of 201.74 mm, an outer diameter of 234 mm, a width of 45 mm, the width of the edge flange of the bearing bushing 201 is 6 mm, and the inner diameter of the flange is 183 mm; the bottom side length of the radial cross-section of the spiral cooling channel 203 is 3 mm, and the depth is 2 mm; the included angles between the two side edges and the bottom side of the channel are 90° for 1 and

[0025] The bottom side length of the radial cross-section of the spiral cooling channel 203 is 3 mm, and the depth is 2 mm; the included angles between the two side edges and the bottom side of the channel are 90° for 1 and 90° for 2. The spiral cooling channel is located on the inner surface of the bearing bushing 201 and is spirally distributed, with an axial pitch of 5 mm at the center of the spiral flow path, and the cooling channel winds around the inner surface of the bearing bushing 201 for one and a half turns.

[0026] The center of the oil supply channel 202 is 18.25 mm away from the end face of the flange of the bearing bushing 201, the center of the oil return channel 204 is 4.25 mm away from the end face on the other side of the bearing bushing, and the centers of the oil supply and return channels 202 are axially 22.5 mm apart. The bearing bushing 201 and the bearing outer ring 403 are in interference fit with an interference amount of 60 microns.

[0027] A method for fixing a bearing of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure is characterized by including the following steps: Step 1, using the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, heating the bearing bushing or cooling the bearing, performing an interference fit between the bearing bushing and the bearing to fix the bearing, so as to play a role in sealing and vibration damping, and protecting the bearing from external factors; installing a washer at the edge of the bearing outer ring and the bearing bushing, and performing welding treatment between the bearing bushing and the bearing outer ring through a reserved bevel on one side of the bearing bushing to prevent leakage of cooling lubricating oil; Step 2, supplying lubricating oil through the oil supply hole on the bearing housing into the oil supply channel and flowing into the spiral cooling channel, and the cooling lubricating oil entering the spiral cooling channel finally flows out from the cooling lubricating oil outlet of the oil return channel to complete the cooling of the bearing outer ring. As a specific solution of the embodiment, the initial temperature of the cooling lubricating oil is 323K, and the heat flux density is 1000W / m 2 , the oil supply rate is 2.0m / s.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the bearing bushing with a cooling structure is in working state, the inner ring 401 of the bearing, the retainer 402 and the ball 404 will generate a lot of heat during the high-speed rotation. At the same time, there is friction between the ball 404 and the inner ring 401 of the bearing, the retainer 402 and the outer ring 403 of the bearing. In order to ensure the normal operation of the bearing, the bearing needs to be lubricated and cooled. Fixing and cooling of the outer ring 403 of the bearing: The cooling lubricating oil is introduced into the spiral cooling channel 203 through the cooling lubricating oil inlet of the oil supply channel 203. Under the action of gravity and oil supply pressure, the cooling lubricating oil will flow in the spiral cooling channel 203 to cool the outer ring 403 of the bearing, and finally the lubricating oil flows out from the cooling lubricating oil outlet of the return oil channel 204.

[0029] In this embodiment, in order to verify the heat transfer effect of the present invention, ANSYS software was used to perform simulation calculations, and a heat transfer effect cloud diagram of the bushing was obtained as shown in FIG. Figure 7 shown.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing bushing with a cooling structure, characterized in that: It includes a bearing bushing (201) arranged inside a bearing housing (101). The bearing is installed inside the bearing housing (101) through the bearing bushing (201). It is characterized in that a spiral cooling channel (203) is arranged on the inner surface of the bearing bushing (201), and an oil supply channel (202) and an oil return channel (204) are arranged on the bearing bushing (201) corresponding to the spiral cooling channel (203). An oil supply hole (102) is also arranged on the bearing housing (101) corresponding to the oil return channel (204). The bearing includes a bearing inner ring (401), a bearing outer ring (403), and a cage (402) arranged coaxially. A plurality of balls (404) are circumferentially arranged on the cage (402). When the bearing bushing (201) cooperates with the bearing, the bearing outer ring (403) and the spiral cooling channel (203) form a closed flow channel for the cooling lubricating oil to flow through, so as to cool the bearing outer ring (403).

2. A bearing bushing with a cooling structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing bushing (201) is of a cylindrical structure. The ratio R1:R2 of the inner diameter R1 to the outer diameter R2 of the bearing bushing (201) ranges from 0.8 to 1.

0. The relationship between the inner diameter R3 of the rib and the inner diameter R1 of the bearing bushing (201) is 0.5R1 < R3 < R1. The ratio a:b of the width a of the bearing bushing (201) to the width b of the rib at the edge of the bearing bushing (201) ranges from 3 to 10..

3. The bearing bushing with a cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described spiral cooling channel (203) is spirally distributed around the inner surface of the bearing bush (201). The radial cross-section of the spiral cooling channel (203) is quadrilateral. The bottom side length of the spiral cooling channel (203) is m, and the depth is n. The included angles between the two side edges and the bottom side of the spiral cooling channel (203) 1 and 2 are in the range: 0 < 1 < 180°, 0 < 2 < 180°. The axial center distance f of the spiral cooling channel (203) and the bottom side length m, depth n, and included angles 1 and 2 are related as 0 < f < [m ± n (tan 1 + tan 2)]. The number of turns g of the spiral cooling channel (203) around the inner surface of the bearing bush (201) and the width a of the bearing bush (203), the distance d from the center of the oil supply channel (202) to the end face of the bearing bush retaining edge, and the distance e from the center of the oil return channel (204) to the end face of one side of the bearing bush (201) are related as 0.5 < g < (a - d - e) / f. The two ends of the described spiral cooling channel (203) are respectively connected to the oil supply channel (202) and the oil return channel (204).

4. A bearing bushing with a cooling structure as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: Both the oil supply channel (202) and the oil return channel (204) are cylindrical holes. The oil supply channel (202) and the oil return channel (204) penetrate the wall surface of the bearing bushing (201), and the oil supply channel (202) and the oil return channel (204) are perpendicular to the spiral cooling channel (203). One end of the oil supply channel (202) is communicated with the spiral cooling channel (203), and the other end of the oil supply channel (202) is the inlet of the cooling lubricating oil. One end of the oil return channel (204) is the outlet of the cooling lubricating oil, and the other end of the oil return channel (204) is communicated with the spiral cooling channel (203).

5. A bearing bushing with a cooling structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The relationship between the inner diameter c of the oil supply channel (202) and the oil return channel (204) and the width a of the bearing bushing (201) is: 0 < c < 0.3a. The relationship between the distance d from the center of the oil supply channel (202) to the end face of the rib of the bearing bushing (201) and the width a of the bearing bushing (201) is 0 < d < 0.3a. The relationship between the distance e from the center of the oil return channel (204) to the other end face of the bearing bushing (201) and the width a of the bearing bushing (201) is 0 < e < 0.3a.

6. A bearing bushing with a cooling structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bearing bushing (201) and the bearing outer ring (403) are in an interference fit with an interference amount of x microns, and the range of x is 20 < x < 100; the bearing bushing (201) and the bearing housing (101) are in an interference fit with an interference amount of y microns, and the range of y is 20 < y < 100; a gasket (3) for preventing the leakage of the cooling lubricating oil is arranged at the rib of the bearing outer ring (403) and the bearing bushing (201), and an inclined port structure is reserved on one side of the bearing bushing for facilitating welding with the bearing outer ring to prevent the leakage of the cooling lubricating oil.

7. A method for fixing a bearing of a bearing bushing with a cooling structure as claimed in claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1: utilizing the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, heating the bearing bushing (201) or cooling the bearing, making an interference fit between the bearing bushing (201) and the bearing, and fixing the bearing, thereby achieving a sealing and vibration reduction effect, and protecting the bearing from external factors; installing a gasket (3) between the bearing outer ring (403) and the bearing bushing rib, and welding the bearing bushing to the bearing outer ring through a reserved bevel on one side of the bearing bushing, so as to prevent leakage of cooling lubricating oil; Step 2: Lubricating oil is supplied into the oil supply channel (202) through the oil supply hole on the bearing seat and flows into the spiral cooling groove (203). The cooling lubricating oil entering the spiral cooling groove (203) finally flows out from the cooling lubricating oil outlet of the oil return channel (204), thereby completing the cooling of the bearing outer ring (403).

8. A bearing fixing method for a bearing bushing with a cooling structure as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The initial temperature of the cooling lubricating oil is 300K-350K, and the heat flux is 0W / m 2 ~2000W / m 2 , the oil supply rate is 0.5m / s~3.0m / s.

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