Water environment safety early warning method and system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a water environment safety early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring and safety alarming, and the main scheme is as follows: firstly, collecting water quality physical and chemical parameters and water quantity parameters of a current detection period, then respectively calculating each subentry index, and calculating the water quality index; comprising temperature, turbidity, conductivity index and the like obtained by physical parameters, dissolved oxygen, pH value, lead content index and the like obtained by chemical parameters, and water quantity index, so as to obtain water quality physical index, chemical index and water environment safety index, and then judge whether to trigger safety real-time alarm or not; and acquiring data of a previous cycle to calculate a historical water environment safety index and an index growth rate, and comparing with corresponding threshold values to judge whether to give a delayed alarm. According to the method, multi-parameter and multi-cycle data are integrated, a comprehensive and accurate judgment basis is provided for water environment safety monitoring, the monitoring accuracy and reliability are effectively improved, and the water environment safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring and safety alarm, and in particular to a water environment safety early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] The quality of the water environment is vital to the ecosystem and human life. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, water bodies are threatened by various types of pollution, and their physical, chemical properties and water volume may change, leading to water environment safety problems. Accurate assessment and timely water environment risk alarm are key requirements to ensure the sustainable use of water resources.

[0003] Existing technologies usually use the method of regular sampling and analysis of water bodies to monitor water quality, conduct laboratory analysis on the collected water samples, and then evaluate the water quality according to relevant standards.

[0004] The data is incomplete. Existing technologies often focus on the analysis of water quality chemical parameters, but lack comprehensive consideration of water quality physical parameters and water quantity parameters. Changes in water quality physical parameters and water quantity also have an important impact on the overall safety of the water environment. The analysis of a single type of parameter cannot fully reflect the true situation of the water environment.

[0005] There is a lack of analysis of changing trends in the water environment. For example, judging the current water quality status only through current data does not allow us to consider whether the water environment is gradually deteriorating or improving, and we cannot make more effective response measures in advance. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a water environment safety early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things, which collects the physical, chemical and water quantity parameters of water quality in the current detection period, and calculates the corresponding single index and comprehensive index respectively to determine the water environment safety index, thereby solving the problems of incomplete data and lack of comprehensive consideration of multiple parameters in the prior art; by comparing with the water environment safety index threshold set to determine the immediate alarm, and obtaining the historical parameters of the previous period to calculate the historical water environment safety index and growth rate, and then comparing with the growth rate threshold to determine the delayed alarm, thereby solving the problem that the prior art cannot effectively respond to the trend of water environment changes in advance.

[0007] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things, comprising: Step 1: Collect water quality physical parameters, water quality chemical parameters and water quantity parameters of the current detection cycle; Step 2: Calculate the temperature index based on water quality physical parameters , turbidity index And the conductivity index ; Calculate pH index based on water chemical parameters , the dissolved oxygen index is calculated based on the water chemical parameters and water physical parameters and lead content index , calculate the water index based on the water parameters ; Step 3: Based on the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index ; According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index ; Step 4: Based on water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index ; Step 5: Based on the water environment safety index The comparison result with the water environment safety index threshold set determines whether to trigger the water environment safety immediate alarm; Step 6: If the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered, it is used to obtain the historical water quality physical parameters, historical water quality chemical parameters and historical water volume parameters of the previous cycle, and calculate the historical water environment safety index of the previous cycle , through the Water Environment Safety Index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate ; Step 7: Set the water environment safety index growth rate threshold , according to the water environment safety index growth rate and water environment security index growth rate threshold The comparison result is used to determine whether to issue a delayed water environment safety alarm.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things: calculating the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index The specific steps are: Water quality physical parameters including temperature , Temperature average , Change value of water environment quality index , average change of water environment quality index , turbidity value , average turbidity , conductivity value And the average conductivity ; Calculate the temperature index based on the physical parameters of water quality , turbidity index And the conductivity index The specific formula is as follows:

[0009]

[0010]

[0011] in, Representative The temperature value of each sample, Representative The change value of water environment quality index corresponding to each sample is: is the sample number, and its value is , is the total number of samples; Representative Turbidity value of each sample; Representative The conductivity value of each sample.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things: calculating the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index The specific steps are: Water quality chemical parameters including sample contamination concentration , average sample pollution concentration , pH value of sample And the average pH value of the samples ; According to the sample contamination concentration , average sample pollution concentration , pH value of sample And the average pH value of the samples , calculate pH index The specific formula is as follows:

[0013] in, Representative The contamination concentration of each sample, Representative pH value of each sample.

[0014] Water quality chemical parameters also include sample dissolved oxygen value And the average dissolved oxygen of the samples ; According to the dissolved oxygen value of the sample , sample dissolved oxygen average And the change value of water environment quality index , calculate the dissolved oxygen index The specific formula is as follows:

[0015] in, Representative The dissolved oxygen value of each sample; Representative The change value of water environment quality index corresponding to each sample; represent The weight coefficient is 0.5≤ ≤0.7, represent The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.5, and ; is the adjustment parameter, is a positional parameter.

[0016] Water quality chemical parameters also include lead content in samples And the maximum lead content of the samples ; According to the lead content of the samples , Maximum lead content of samples And the change value of water environment quality index , calculate the lead content index The specific formula is as follows:

[0017] in, Representative Lead content values ​​of the samples.

[0018] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things: calculating the water volume index The specific steps are: Water flow parameters include the water flow rate of the current detection cycle ; Set the maximum water flow rate And standard water flow ; According to water flow , Maximum water flow And standard water flow , calculate the water index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0019] in, Is the first The water flow rate of the test It is the serial number of the number of detections in the current detection cycle, and its value is , is the total number of detections.

[0020] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things: calculating the water quality physical index The specific steps are: According to the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0021] in, Represents temperature index The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.4, Turbidity Index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, Represents the conductivity index The weight coefficient is 0.2≤ ≤0.5, and .

[0022] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things: calculating the water quality chemical index The specific steps are: According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0023] in, Represents the dissolved oxygen influence coefficient The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.4, Represents pH influence coefficient The weight coefficient is 0.2≤ ≤0.5, Lead content influence coefficient The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, and .

[0024] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things: calculating the water environment safety index The specific steps are: According to the water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index The specific formula is as follows:

[0025] in, Represents water quality physical index The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.3, Represents water quality chemical index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, Water volume index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.5, and .

[0026] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things, the specific steps of determining whether to trigger the water environment safety immediate alarm are: Set water environment safety index threshold set , including the first level threshold , Secondary threshold and the third threshold ,in, < ; Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered; when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment is in a critical condition, the first-level water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered; when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment is in a critical condition, the secondary water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered; when <Water Environment Safety Index , triggering the third-level water environment safety immediate alarm.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment of the water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things: calculating the growth rate of the water environment safety index The specific steps to determine whether to trigger the water environment safety delayed alarm are: According to the water environment safety index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate , the specific formula is as follows:

[0028] When the water environment safety index growth rate ≥Threshold of water environment safety index growth rate When the water environment safety delayed alarm is not triggered; When the water environment safety index growth rate threshold >Growth rate of water environment safety index , triggering a delayed alarm for water environment safety.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a water environment safety early warning system based on the Internet of Things, comprising: Data acquisition module, used to collect water quality physical parameters, water quality chemical parameters and water quantity parameters of the current detection cycle; Data analysis module for calculating temperature index based on water quality physical parameters , turbidity index And the conductivity index ; Calculate pH index based on water chemical parameters , the dissolved oxygen index is calculated based on the water chemical parameters and water physical parameters and lead content index , calculate the water index based on the water parameters ; According to the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index ; According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index ; Safety alarm module, used to detect water quality based on physical indexes , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index ; According to the water environment safety index The comparison result with the water environment safety index threshold set determines whether to trigger the water environment safety immediate alarm; The data combing module is used to obtain the historical water quality physical parameters, historical water quality chemical parameters and historical water volume parameters of the previous cycle, and calculate the historical water environment safety index of the previous cycle if the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered. , through the Water Environment Safety Index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate ; Risk alarm module, used to set the water environment safety index growth rate threshold , according to the water environment safety index growth rate and water environment security index growth rate threshold The comparison result is used to determine whether to issue a delayed water environment safety alarm.

[0030] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a water environment safety early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Collecting multiple types of parameters, covering the physical, chemical and quantity aspects of water quality, has the beneficial effect of being able to comprehensively obtain basic data reflecting the current state of the water environment, avoiding inaccurate water environment assessment due to one-sided data, and preparing for subsequent precise analysis.

[0031] (2) Calculate the temperature index separately , turbidity index , conductivity index , dissolved oxygen index , pH index , lead content index and water volume index , it can quantify the impact of various parameters on the water environment, grasp the situation of each element in more detail, and help to deeply analyze the role of different factors in the water environment.

[0032] (3) By converting the water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index Comprehensive calculation to obtain the water environment safety index It can comprehensively and systematically reflect the comprehensive safety level of the water environment in terms of physics, chemistry and water quantity. The index can be used as an intuitive and comprehensive indicator to measure the health status and safety of the entire water environment, and provide a key basis for subsequent alarm decisions.

[0033] (4) A scientific alarm trigger mechanism has been established. By comparing with the threshold set, it can timely and accurately identify whether the current water environment is in a state of safety risk, so as to quickly take corresponding response measures to prevent the water environment problems from further deteriorating, effectively protect water resources and the surrounding ecological environment, and ensure the safety of related water use activities.

[0034] (5) When there is no delayed risk, the introduction of historical data for comparative analysis and calculation of the exponential growth rate helps to understand the dynamic trend of the water environment, discover potential deterioration trends in advance, and provide a forward-looking basis for judgment for subsequent delayed alarms, thus making up for the progressive risks that may be ignored by focusing only on current data.

[0035] (6) Based on the setting and comparison of exponential growth rate thresholds, it is possible to effectively capture risk situations in which the water environment changes slowly but may lead to long-term adverse consequences, and issue delayed alarms in a timely manner, so that relevant management departments have sufficient time to formulate and implement corresponding prevention and improvement measures, avoid water environment problems from developing into serious crises in the future, and ensure the sustainability and stability of the water environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things, comprising: Step 1: Collect water quality physical parameters, water quality chemical parameters and water quantity parameters of the current detection cycle.

[0039] Step 2: Calculate the temperature index based on water quality physical parameters , turbidity index And the conductivity index ; Calculate pH index based on water chemical parameters , the dissolved oxygen index is calculated based on the water chemical parameters and water physical parameters and lead content index , calculate the water index based on the water parameters .

[0040] Step 201: Calculate the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index The specific steps are: Water quality physical parameters including temperature , Temperature average , Change value of water environment quality index , average change of water environment quality index , turbidity value , the average value of turbidity data , conductivity value And the average conductivity .

[0041] It should be noted that the temperature values ​​of different samples are measured using temperature sensors. , the average temperature is obtained by taking the arithmetic mean of all temperature values ; The water quality physical index is calculated comprehensively through the average temperature, turbidity and conductivity of different samples. The formula is: , The value is 0.1< <0.4, The value is 0.2< <0.5, The value is 0.2< <0.5, and ,and As the water environment quality index; the change value of the water environment quality index is obtained by calculating the difference between the water environment quality indexes of different samples For example, in two samples, the water environment quality index of the latter sample is subtracted from the water environment quality index of the former sample to obtain the corresponding water environment quality index of the sample. ; The average value of the water environment quality index change is obtained by taking the arithmetic average of the water environment quality index change values ​​of all samples ; Use turbidity measuring instruments to measure the turbidity values ​​of different samples , the arithmetic average of the turbidity values ​​of all samples is calculated to obtain the average value of the turbidity data ; Use conductivity measuring instruments to measure the conductivity of different samples and obtain conductivity values The conductivity average value is obtained by taking the arithmetic mean of the conductivity values ​​of all samples. .

[0042] Calculate the temperature index based on the physical parameters of water quality , turbidity index And the conductivity index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] in, Representative The temperature value of each sample, Representative The change value of water environment quality index corresponding to each sample is: is the sample number, and its value is , is the total number of samples; Representative Turbidity value of each sample; Representative The conductivity value of each sample.

[0046] It should be noted that Indicates The difference between the temperature value of a sample and the average temperature, which reflects the degree of deviation of the sample temperature from the average temperature; It reflects the deviation of the sample water environment quality from the average change. The product of these two differences for all samples is summed up, and its purpose is to measure the synergistic relationship between temperature change and water environment quality index change.

[0047] It is to sum the squares of the differences between the temperature values ​​of all samples and the average value and take the square root. It is similar to the concept of variance of temperature values ​​and is used to measure the degree of dispersion of temperature values.

[0048] It is the sum of the squares of the differences between the change values ​​of the water environment quality index of all samples and the average value, and the square root is taken to measure the degree of deviation of water environment quality from the average change.

[0049] It is to multiply the two formulas used to measure the discreteness of temperature values ​​and the deviation of water environment quality from the average change, and use as the denominator. Its purpose is to normalize the value of the numerator so that the value is within a certain range.

[0050] The above turbidity index And the conductivity index Operating principle and calculation of temperature index The operating principle is the same.

[0051] This formula can intuitively reflect the degree of influence of various water quality physical parameters on water environment quality by quantifying the correlation between temperature, turbidity, conductivity and water environment quality changes. The design of the numerator and denominator in the formula is reasonable. The numerator reflects the synergistic relationship, and the denominator is used for normalization, so that the calculation results are within a certain range, which is convenient for comparison and analysis. These indexes can provide a scientific basis for water environment monitoring and management, help to find problems in time, and take corresponding measures to ensure the stability and safety of the water environment.

[0052] Step 202: Calculate the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index The specific steps are: Water quality chemical parameters including sample contamination concentration , average sample pollution concentration , pH value of sample And the average pH value of the samples .

[0053] It should be noted that the pollution concentration detection instrument can be used to measure the corresponding samples to obtain the sample pollution concentration. ; Calculate the arithmetic mean of the sample pollution concentration of all samples to obtain the average sample pollution concentration ; Use a pH measuring instrument to measure the pH value of the corresponding sample to obtain the pH value of the sample ; For all samples pH Perform arithmetic mean calculation to obtain the mean pH value of the samples .

[0054] According to the sample contamination concentration , average sample pollution concentration , pH value of sample And the average pH value of the samples , calculate pH index The specific formula is as follows:

[0055] in, Representative The contamination concentration of each sample, Representative pH value of each sample.

[0056] It should be noted that , which aims to measure the synergistic relationship between changes in pollution concentration and changes in pH. If a sample's pollution concentration deviates greatly from the average, and its pH also deviates greatly from the average in the same direction, the numerator will be large, indicating a strong correlation between pollution concentration and pH. The function of is to normalize the value of the numerator so that the calculated value is within a certain range, which is convenient for comparing and evaluating the relationship between pollution concentration and pH value. This formula calculates an index reflecting the relationship between pollution concentration and pH value by measuring the degree of deviation of pollution concentration and pH value from their respective average values ​​and their synergistic relationship. .

[0057] By calculating the pH index , which can reflect the relationship between the sample pollution concentration and pH value. The numerator reflects the synergistic relationship between the changes of the two, and the denominator is used for normalization to make the results easier to compare. This quantitative relationship is helpful for environmental monitoring and research, and can help researchers quickly determine the impact of changes in pollution concentration on the pH value of water bodies, and then evaluate the chemical stability of water bodies. In practical applications such as water treatment, the formula can be used to predict the pH changes that occur during the treatment process in advance, thereby optimizing the treatment plan and ensuring the treatment effect.

[0058] Water quality chemical parameters also include sample dissolved oxygen value And the average dissolved oxygen of the samples .

[0059] It should be noted that the dissolved oxygen content of the sample is measured using a dissolved oxygen meter to obtain the sample dissolved oxygen value ; Calculate the arithmetic average of all sample dissolved oxygen values ​​to get the sample dissolved oxygen average value .

[0060] According to the dissolved oxygen value of the sample , sample dissolved oxygen average And the change value of water environment quality index , temperature value , Temperature average , turbidity value , average turbidity , conductivity value And the average conductivity , calculate the dissolved oxygen index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0061] in, Representative The dissolved oxygen value of each sample; Representative The change value of water environment quality index corresponding to each sample; represent The weight coefficient is 0.5≤ ≤0.7, represent The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.5, ; is the adjustment parameter, is a positional parameter.

[0062] It should be noted that It represents the mean of the sum of the values ​​of the deviation of the dissolved oxygen values ​​of all samples from the average dissolved oxygen value of the samples. When the ratio is greater than 1, it means that the dissolved oxygen content of this sample is higher than the average level, and the dissolved oxygen condition of the water body is relatively good in this measurement; if the ratio is less than 1, it means that the dissolved oxygen of this sample is lower than the average condition, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body may not be ideal. The greater the deviation, the more significant the difference from the average dissolved oxygen condition.

[0063] is the logistic function, The larger the value, the steeper the rising and falling trends of the function curve on both sides of the center, which means that the change value of the water environment quality index is Once the position parameters are deviated , the impact of this item on the dissolved oxygen index will increase rapidly. By summing the obtained values ​​and calculating the mean, the change value of the water environment quality index in the sample can be reflected. Average level of impact on dissolved oxygen index.

[0064] It should be noted that the adjustment parameters It is used to control the steepness of the logistic function curve, and its value is usually between 0.5 and 5. It can be obtained through experiments, such as obtaining samples for experiments, changing certain factors in the samples, such as adding organic pollutants to simulate pollution events, or changing the dissolved oxygen content through aeration, and then monitoring the changes in dissolved oxygen and water environment quality index. During the experiment, the value is constantly adjusted. value, so that the dissolved oxygen index calculated based on the formula It can accurately reflect the actual observed changes in dissolved oxygen. For example, after adding a certain amount of organic pollutants, the water environment quality index was observed to be The change value increases by a certain amount. At this time, by adjusting , so that the calculated Matches the actual dissolved oxygen decline.

[0065] Positional parameters Determines the center position of the logistic function and estimates it based on historical monitoring data and water quality characteristics, such as the change value of the water environment quality index collected from historical samples , such as data collected monthly or quarterly in the past 5-10 years; statistical analysis of these data, observation of data distribution patterns, and identification of areas where data are relatively concentrated. For example, if the water environment quality index change values ​​of most historical samples are The distribution is in the range of 1-2, and the frequency is highest around 1.3, reaching more than 70%. Set to 1.3.

[0066] This formula takes into account the dissolved oxygen value of the sample , sample dissolved oxygen average And the change value of water environment quality index It can capture the nonlinear relationship between the change value of the water environment quality index and the dissolved oxygen index, making the dissolved oxygen index very sensitive to subtle and nonlinear changes in water quality, which is conducive to earlier and more accurate discovery of potential water quality risks. It assigns different importance to the two major parts of the calculation formula, and can customize the evaluation system to meet the diverse evaluation needs in different water body scenarios. This quantitative method helps to more scientifically evaluate the water environment characteristics related to dissolved oxygen in water environment monitoring and management, and provide a reliable basis for decision-making.

[0067] Water quality chemical parameters also include lead content in samples And the maximum lead content of the samples .

[0068] It should be noted that the lead content of the sample is tested using a lead content testing instrument. And the maximum lead content of the samples .

[0069] According to the lead content of the samples , Maximum lead content of samples And the change value of water environment quality index , calculate the lead content index The specific formula is as follows:

[0070] in, Representative Lead content values ​​of the samples.

[0071] It should be noted that the entire formula is calculated by correlating the ratio of the sample lead content to the maximum lead content and the change value of the water environment quality index to obtain the lead content index. This index takes into account the relative size of the lead content in the sample and the change in the water environment quality index, and reflects the degree of influence of the lead content on the change in the water environment quality through the ratio of the numerator and the denominator. If the lead content in the sample is close to the maximum value and the water environment quality index changes greatly, the value of the numerator will be larger, which will make the lead content index It increases, indicating that the lead content has a great impact on the changes in water environment quality.

[0072] This formula can intuitively reflect the impact of lead content on changes in water environment quality through the correlation calculation of the ratio of lead content to the maximum lead content and the change value of the water environment quality index. The formula comprehensively considers the relative size of the lead content in the sample and the change of the water environment quality index, making the calculated lead content index scientific and reasonable, which helps to accurately judge the impact of lead content on the water environment in water quality monitoring and assessment, and provide a basis for related governance.

[0073] Calculating Water Quantity Index The specific steps are: Water flow parameters include the water flow rate of the current detection cycle .

[0074] Set the maximum water flow rate And standard water flow .

[0075] It should be noted that by installing a flow meter at the sample sampling point, the water flow is measured in a unit time period to obtain the water flow in the corresponding time period. Based on long-term monitoring of water flow, find the maximum value from a series of recorded water flow data and set it as the maximum water flow value. , calculate the average water flow rate over a period of time and use it as the standard water flow rate .

[0076] According to water flow , Maximum water flow And standard water flow , calculate the water index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0077] in, Is the first The water flow rate of the test It is the serial number of the number of detections in the current detection cycle, and its value is , is the total number of detections.

[0078] It should be noted that the formula calculates the sum of the squares of the difference between the water flow rate and the standard water flow rate and the square value of the maximum water flow rate, and then subtracts the ratio of the sum of the squares to the square value of the maximum water flow rate from 1 to obtain the water flow index. When water flow Equal to the standard water flow When, the molecule ,at this time , indicating that the water volume is in a standard state. The greater the water flow rate deviates from the standard water flow rate, the greater the value of the numerator. The smaller the value, the further the water volume deviates from the standard state. In this way, the formula can quantitatively reflect the degree of deviation of the water volume from the standard state, thereby obtaining the water volume index.

[0079] This formula takes into account the water flow rate per unit time period. , Maximum water flow And standard water flow , which can fully reflect the water volume situation. The water volume index calculated by the formula The water volume status can be quantified for comparison and analysis, which helps to provide a scientific basis for water resource management, water conservancy project planning, etc., timely discover water volume anomalies, and ensure the rational use of water resources and the normal operation of related projects.

[0080] Step 3: Based on the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index ; According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index .

[0081] Calculate water quality physical index The specific steps are: According to the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index The specific formula is as follows:

[0082] in, Represents temperature index The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.4, Turbidity Index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, Represents the conductivity index The weight coefficient is 0.2≤ ≤0.5, and .

[0083] It should be noted that the formula converts the temperature index Multiply by its weight coefficient , turbidity index Multiply by its weight coefficient , conductivity index With its weight coefficient Add them together to get the water quality physical index.

[0084] Since the sum of the weight coefficients is 1, through this weighted average, the effects of temperature, turbidity, and conductivity on the physical properties of water quality can be comprehensively considered to obtain a water quality physical index that comprehensively reflects the physical properties of water quality. For example, if the turbidity index Higher, and its weight coefficient is larger, then the water quality physical index The contribution of water quality physical index will be greater The value of is also larger.

[0085] Calculate water quality physical index by weighting , comprehensively considering the impact of temperature, turbidity and conductivity on water quality, making the assessment more comprehensive. The weight coefficient has a reasonable range of values ​​and can scientifically reflect the importance of each parameter. This formula can quantify the physical properties of water quality, facilitate comparison and monitoring of different water bodies, help to timely detect changes in water quality, and provide effective data support for water resources management and protection.

[0086] Calculate water chemical index The specific steps are: According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0087] in, Represents the dissolved oxygen influence coefficient The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.4, Represents pH influence coefficient The weight coefficient is 0.2≤ ≤0.5, Represents the influence coefficient of lead content The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, and .

[0088] It should be noted that since the sum of the weight coefficients is 1, the dissolved oxygen index can be considered comprehensively. , pH index And lead content index The impact on the chemical properties of water quality, and obtain a water quality chemical index that comprehensively reflects the chemical properties of water quality For example, if the pH index is high and its weight coefficient is large, then the water quality chemical index The contribution will be greater.

[0089] This formula is based on the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index The weighted calculation takes into account a variety of water quality chemical factors, making the assessment more comprehensive. The weight coefficient has a reasonable value range and scientifically reflects the importance of each parameter. The calculated water quality chemical index can quantify the chemical characteristics of water quality, facilitate comparison and monitoring, help to timely discover water quality chemical changes, and provide an effective basis for the rational management and protection of water resources.

[0090] Step 4: Based on water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index .

[0091] Calculating the water environment safety index The specific steps are: According to the water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index , the specific formula is as follows:

[0092] in, Represents water quality physical index The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.3, Represents water quality chemical index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, Water volume index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.5, and .

[0093] It should be noted that since the sum of the weight coefficients is 1, this calculation method is a weighted average. Through this weighted average, the physical index of water quality can be comprehensively considered. , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index The impact of water safety characteristics is used to obtain a water environment safety index that comprehensively reflects the water environment safety characteristics. For example, if the water chemical index Higher, and its weight coefficient Larger, then The contribution of water environment security index will be greater. The value of is also larger.

[0094] This formula is based on the water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index A weighted calculation is performed, which comprehensively considers the impact of multiple factors on water environment safety, making the assessment more comprehensive. The weight coefficient has a reasonable range of values, reflecting the importance of each parameter. The calculated water environment safety index can quantify the water environment safety status, facilitate comparison and monitoring, help to timely detect water environment changes, and provide an effective basis for water environment protection and management.

[0095] Step 5: Based on the water environment safety index The comparison result with the water environment safety index threshold set determines whether to trigger an immediate water environment safety alarm.

[0096] The specific steps to determine whether to trigger a water environment safety risk alarm are: Set water environment safety index threshold set , including the first threshold , Secondary threshold and the third threshold ,in, < .

[0097] Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered.

[0098] when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the alarm is triggered, the first-level water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered.

[0099] when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the alarm is triggered, the secondary water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered.

[0100] when <Water Environment Safety Index , triggering the third-level water environment safety immediate alarm.

[0101] It should be noted that the sample data that meets the normal state in the historical period is obtained, and the water environment safety index of the historical samples is calculated respectively, and the calculated average value is set as the first-level threshold ;Will Set as water environment safety index The 115% quantile of the mean value will be Set as water environment safety index The 135% quantile of the mean.

[0102] Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment is in a dangerous condition, the immediate water environment safety alarm is not triggered. This means that the first-level threshold is a lower limit value. Below this limit value, the safety status of the water environment is considered to meet the standards and no risk alarm measures need to be taken.

[0103] when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment safety alarm is triggered, the first-level water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered. This indicates that the water environment safety situation has begun to show a certain degree of risk, and a first-level alarm needs to be issued to remind relevant personnel to pay attention and possibly take some preliminary response measures. Strengthen the monitoring frequency of water environment-related parameters to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of data, preliminary assessment and analysis Organize relevant experts to conduct a preliminary assessment of the current water environment situation and analyze the reasons that may lead to increased risks.

[0104] when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment is in a dangerous situation, the secondary water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered. This means that the safety risk of the water environment has further increased and a secondary alarm needs to be issued, which means that more active response measures need to be taken. Control and manage agricultural non-point source pollution, reduce the amount of pollution entering the water body, add appropriate amount of water treatment chemicals such as flocculants, disinfectants, etc., improve water quality, isolate and treat polluted water bodies locally to prevent the spread of pollution, strengthen management and coordination, set up a special emergency response team, and coordinate the work of various departments. when <Water Environment Safety Index , triggering a level 3 water environment safety immediate alarm. This indicates that the water environment safety situation is already very serious, exceeding the level 3 threshold, and the highest level 3 alarm needs to be issued. Emergency measures may need to be taken immediately to ensure the safety of the water environment. Initiate emergency plans to conduct large-scale purification of polluted water bodies, such as using activated carbon adsorption, bioremediation and other technologies. Public protection and social stability issue emergency risk avoidance guidelines to the public, such as avoiding contact with polluted water bodies and paying attention to personal hygiene. Long-term governance plans formulate long-term water environment governance and restoration plans to fundamentally solve water environment safety issues.

[0105] By setting multi-level thresholds, water environment safety risks can be finely graded. Different levels of thresholds correspond to different alarm levels, making risk assessment more accurate. When the water environment safety index is in different ranges, the corresponding level of alarm can be triggered, which is convenient for relevant departments to take corresponding measures in time. There is a basis from daily monitoring to emergency handling, which improves the efficiency and scientificity of responding to water environment safety risks.

[0106] Step 6: If the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered, it is used to obtain the historical water quality physical parameters, historical water quality chemical parameters and historical water volume parameters of the previous cycle, and calculate the historical water environment safety index of the previous cycle , through the Water Environment Safety Index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate .

[0107] Calculate the water environment safety index growth rate The specific steps are: According to the water environment safety index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate The specific formula is as follows:

[0108] It should be noted that the entire formula first calculates the difference between the current water environment safety index and the historical water environment safety index, then divides it by the historical water environment safety index, and finally multiplies it by 100% to obtain the water environment safety index growth rate. , ,but , indicating that the water environment safety index has increased by 20% and the water quality is healthier; if , ,but , indicating that the water environment safety index has decreased by 17%, indicating that the water quality has deteriorated.

[0109] By calculating the growth rate DX of the water environment safety index, this formula can intuitively reflect the changing trend of the current water environment safety status compared with the historical situation, and it is clear at a glance whether it is improving or deteriorating. This growth rate can help environmental managers quickly judge the dynamic changes of the water environment and provide an important basis for decision-making.

[0110] Step 7: Set the water environment safety index growth rate threshold , according to the water environment safety index growth rate and water environment safety index growth rate threshold The comparison result is used to determine whether to issue a delayed water environment safety alarm.

[0111] When the water environment safety index growth rate ≥Threshold of water environment safety index growth rate The water environment safety delayed alarm will not be triggered.

[0112] When the water environment safety index growth rate threshold >Growth rate of water environment safety index , triggering the water environment safety delayed alarm and generating adjustment instructions.

[0113] It should be noted that the water environment safety index growth rate threshold We can obtain sample data that conform to normal conditions in the historical period, calculate the growth rate of the water environment safety index of the historical samples respectively, and calculate the average value as the growth rate threshold of the water environment safety index. .

[0114] When the water environment safety index growth rate ≥Threshold of water environment safety index growth rate When the water quality is 1.5-2.0, it means that the water quality is improving, or the decline in water quality is within an acceptable range and has not exceeded the preset warning level. At this time, the change in the water environment is relatively stable, and there is no sharp deterioration.

[0115] Water environment safety index growth rate threshold >Growth rate of water environment safety index , which indicates that the decline in water quality has exceeded the preset threshold, meaning that the water environment is deteriorating rapidly.

[0116] By setting a threshold for the growth rate of the water environment safety index, we can clearly define whether the water environment is in a risky state, making the judgment more scientific and accurate. When the threshold is exceeded, the alarm will be triggered in time and adjustment instructions will be generated, which will help relevant departments to respond quickly and take targeted measures to control the deterioration of the water environment, ensure the safety of the water environment, and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of water environment management.

[0117] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a water environment safety early warning system based on the Internet of Things, comprising: Data acquisition module, used to collect water quality physical parameters, water quality chemical parameters and water quantity parameters of the current detection cycle; Data analysis module for calculating temperature index based on water quality physical parameters , turbidity index And the conductivity index ; Calculate pH index based on water chemical parameters , the dissolved oxygen index is calculated based on the water chemical parameters and water physical parameters and lead content index , calculate the water index based on the water parameters ; According to the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index ; According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index ; Safety alarm module, used to detect water quality based on physical indexes , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index ; According to the water environment safety index The comparison result with the water environment safety index threshold set determines whether to trigger the water environment safety immediate alarm; The data combing module is used to obtain the historical water quality physical parameters, historical water quality chemical parameters and historical water volume parameters of the previous cycle, and calculate the historical water environment safety index of the previous cycle if the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered. , through the Water Environment Safety Index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate ; Risk alarm module, used to set the water environment safety index growth rate threshold , according to the water environment safety index growth rate and water environment security index growth rate threshold The comparison result is used to determine whether to issue a delayed water environment safety alarm.

[0118] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. A person of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in electronic hardware or in combination with computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0119] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0120] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: include: Step 1: Collect water quality physical parameters, water quality chemical parameters and water quantity parameters of the current detection cycle; Step 2: Calculate the temperature index based on water quality physical parameters , turbidity index And the conductivity index ; Calculate pH index based on water chemical parameters , the dissolved oxygen index is calculated based on the water chemical parameters and water physical parameters and lead content index , calculate the water index based on the water parameters ; Step 3: Based on the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index ; According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index ; Step 4: Based on water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index ; Step 5: Based on the water environment safety index The comparison result with the water environment safety index threshold set determines whether to trigger the water environment safety immediate alarm; Step 6: If the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered, it is used to obtain the historical water quality physical parameters, historical water quality chemical parameters and historical water volume parameters of the previous cycle, and calculate the historical water environment safety index of the previous cycle , through the Water Environment Safety Index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate ; Step 7: Set the water environment safety index growth rate threshold , according to the water environment safety index growth rate and water environment safety index growth rate threshold The comparison result is used to determine whether to issue a delayed water environment safety alarm.

2. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized by: Calculating Temperature Index , turbidity index And the conductivity index The specific steps are: Water quality physical parameters including temperature , Temperature average , Change value of water environment quality index , average change of water environment quality index , turbidity value , average turbidity , conductivity value And the average conductivity ; Calculate the temperature index based on the physical parameters of water quality , turbidity index And the conductivity index , the specific formula is as follows: in, Representative The temperature value of each sample, Representative The change value of water environment quality index corresponding to each sample is: is the sample number, and its value is , is the total number of samples; Representative Turbidity value of each sample; Representative The conductivity value of each sample.

3. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Calculating the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index The specific steps are: Water quality chemical parameters including sample contamination concentration , average sample pollution concentration , pH value of samples And the average pH value of the samples ; According to the sample contamination concentration , average sample pollution concentration , pH value of sample And the average pH value of the samples , calculate pH index The specific formula is as follows: in, Representative The contamination concentration of each sample, Representative pH value of each sample; Water quality chemical parameters also include sample dissolved oxygen value And the average dissolved oxygen of the samples ; According to the dissolved oxygen value of the sample , sample dissolved oxygen average And the change value of water environment quality index , calculate the dissolved oxygen index The specific formula is as follows: in, Representative The dissolved oxygen value of each sample; Representative The change value of water environment quality index corresponding to each sample; represent The weight coefficient is 0.5≤ ≤0.7, represent The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.5, and ; is the adjustment parameter, is a positional parameter; Water quality chemical parameters also include lead content in samples And the maximum lead content of the samples ; According to the lead content of the samples , Maximum lead content of samples And the change value of water environment quality index , calculate the lead content index , the specific formula is as follows: in, Representative Lead content values ​​of the samples.

4. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3 is characterized by: Calculating Water Quantity Index The specific steps are: Water flow parameters include the water flow rate of the current detection cycle ; Set the maximum water flow rate And standard water flow ; According to water flow , Maximum water flow And standard water flow , calculate the water index The specific formula is as follows: in, Is the first The water flow rate of the test It is the serial number of the number of detections in the current detection cycle, and its value is , is the total number of detections.

5. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Calculate water quality physical index The specific steps are: According to the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index , the specific formula is as follows: in, Represents temperature index The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.4, Turbidity Index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, Represents the conductivity index The weight coefficient is 0.2≤ ≤0.5, and .

6. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 5 is characterized by: Calculate water chemical index The specific steps are: According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index , the specific formula is as follows: in, Represents the dissolved oxygen influence coefficient The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.4, Represents pH influence coefficient The weight coefficient is 0.2≤ ≤0.5, Represents the influence coefficient of lead content The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, and .

7. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6 is characterized by: Calculating the water environment safety index The specific steps are: According to the water quality physical index , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index , the specific formula is as follows: in, Represents water quality physical index The weight coefficient is 0.1≤ ≤0.3, Represents water quality chemical index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.4, Water volume index The weight coefficient is 0.3≤ ≤0.5, and .

8. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7 is characterized by: The specific steps to determine whether to trigger the water environment safety immediate alarm are: Set water environment safety index threshold set , including the first threshold , Secondary threshold and the third threshold ,in, < ; Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered; when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment is in a critical condition, the first-level water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered; when <Water Environment Safety Index ≤ When the water environment is in a critical condition, the secondary water environment safety immediate alarm is triggered; when <Water Environment Safety Index , triggering the third-level water environment safety immediate alarm.

9. The water environment safety early warning method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8 is characterized by: Calculate the water environment safety index growth rate The specific steps to determine whether to trigger the water environment safety delayed alarm are: According to the water environment safety index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate , the specific formula is as follows: When the water environment safety index growth rate ≥Threshold of water environment safety index growth rate When the water environment safety delayed alarm is not triggered; When the water environment safety index growth rate threshold >Growth rate of water environment safety index , triggering a delayed alarm for water environment safety.

10. A water environment safety early warning system based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: include: Data acquisition module, used to collect water quality physical parameters, water quality chemical parameters and water quantity parameters of the current detection cycle; Data analysis module for calculating temperature index based on water quality physical parameters , turbidity index And the conductivity index ; Calculate pH index based on water chemical parameters , the dissolved oxygen index is calculated based on the water chemical parameters and water physical parameters and lead content index , calculate the water index based on the water parameters ; According to the temperature index , turbidity index And the conductivity index , calculate water quality physical index ; According to the dissolved oxygen index , pH index And lead content index , calculate water quality chemical index ; Safety alarm module, used to detect water quality based on physical indexes , Water Quality Chemical Index and water volume index , calculate the water environment safety index ; According to the water environment safety index The comparison result with the water environment safety index threshold set determines whether to trigger the water environment safety immediate alarm; The data combing module is used to obtain the historical water quality physical parameters, historical water quality chemical parameters and historical water volume parameters of the previous cycle, and calculate the historical water environment safety index of the previous cycle if the water environment safety immediate alarm is not triggered. , through the Water Environment Safety Index and historical water environment safety index , calculate the water environment safety index growth rate ; Risk alarm module, used to set the water environment safety index growth rate threshold , according to the water environment safety index growth rate and water environment safety index growth rate threshold The comparison result is used to determine whether to issue a delayed water environment safety alarm.

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