Light spot regulation and control device and self-adaptive regulation and control method

Abstract

Based on the control module, the light spot regulation and control system of the laser wireless energy transfer system is designed, through real-time feedback of the photoelectric receiving module, the control module can adjust the focal length and the relative position of each component in the beam expanding and shaping module in time according to a signal fed back by the photoelectric receiving module, and the diameter light spot size of a laser beam is controlled; therefore, it is guaranteed that the laser spots can cover the photoelectric receiving module in the most full state in real time, the laser utilization rate can be increased through the provided light spot regulation and control device, and therefore the overall laser energy transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser energy transmission, and in particular to a light spot control device and an adaptive control method. Background Art

[0002] The laser energy transmission system mainly utilizes the principle of photoelectric conversion, uses laser beams as energy carriers, and performs non-contact energy transmission to equipment in remote or special industrial environments. It is one of the important means of energy transmission in the industrial field. The laser energy transmission system is mainly composed of a laser transmitting module and a photoelectric receiving module. The laser beam emitted by the transmitting module is shaped by the optical system and then emitted to the photocell of the receiving module. The light energy is converted into electrical energy through photoelectric conversion, thereby powering the equipment.

[0003] When transmitting laser energy, the laser needs to be transmitted over a long distance. Due to the divergence of the laser beam, the target spot will diffuse and the radius will increase. However, the size of the receiving end, that is, the solar panel, is fixed, so the spot will exceed the solar panel and cause energy loss, or when the laser is sent, the spot is too small and the irradiation range is small. Both of these situations will reduce the final efficiency of the overall laser energy transmission. Chinese patent CN114221712A discloses a laser energy transmission system with adjustable beam, but this technology uses the naked eye to judge whether the beam reaches the required parameters, and manual adjustment is required to change the parameters of the beam. The accuracy and adjustment efficiency are low. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a laser energy transmission device that can provide real-time feedback and real-time adjustment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to at least overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a light spot control device and an adaptive control method that can be applied to laser energy transmission. By designing an adaptive control system, the light spot can be self-adjusted through real-time feedback results to ensure that the laser spot covers the solar panel in the fullest state, thereby improving the laser energy transmission efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a light spot control device, comprising: A laser emitting module, a beam expansion and shaping module, a photoelectric receiving module and a control system. The laser emitting module emits a laser, which enters the photoelectric receiving module after passing through the beam expansion and shaping module. The control module is connected to the laser emitting module, the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module. The photoelectric receiving module is composed of a back plate, a photoelectric conversion component, a first photosensitive circle, and a second photosensitive circle; The photoelectric conversion component is fixed to one side of the back plate; The first photosensitive ring is a circular ring, which is arranged on the periphery of the photoelectric conversion component and fixed on the same side of the back plate; The second photosensitive ring is a circular ring concentric with the first photosensitive ring, is arranged between the first photosensitive ring and the photoelectric conversion component, and is fixed on the same side of the back plate.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the first photosensitive circle is composed of 4N first photosensitive elements, where N is a natural number ≥1, and the first photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the second photosensitive circle is composed of 4M second photosensitive elements, where M is a natural number ≥1, and the second photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second photosensitive circle.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the first photosensitive circle is composed of 4N first photosensitive elements, where N is a natural number ≥ 2, and the first photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the second photosensitive circle is composed of 4M second photosensitive elements, where M is a natural number ≥ 2, and the second photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second photosensitive circle.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element are the same photosensitive element, and N>M.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the photoelectric conversion component is circular, and the photoelectric conversion component is concentric with the first photosensitive circle and the second photosensitive circle.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the distance between the first photosensitive circle and the second photosensitive circle is a first distance, and the distance between the second photosensitive circle and the periphery of the photoelectric conversion component is a second distance. The first distance and the second distance may be the same or different.

[0013] Preferably, the first distance is greater than the second distance.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element are photosensitive tubes.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the backplane is a PCB board.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the laser emission module includes a laser.

[0017] Preferably, the laser emission module further includes a light homogenizing unit, and the laser emitted by the laser enters the light homogenizing unit and then is emitted again into the beam expansion and shaping module.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the beam expansion and shaping module is an afocal variable magnification collimating beam expansion system, which makes the size and position of the light spot adapt to the photoelectric receiving module through the combination of lenses with different focal lengths and reflectors.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the beam expansion and shaping module includes a concave lens, a convex lens, and a reflector arranged along the laser propagation direction.

[0020] Preferably, the beam expansion and shaping module further comprises a slide rail, and the convex lens is mounted on the slide rail and can move relative to the reflector and the concave lens.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the distances between the laser emitting module, the beam expanding and shaping module, and the photoelectric receiving module can be adjusted.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the control system includes a computer, which can control the movement of the laser emission module, the beam expansion and shaping module, and the optoelectronic receiving module.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for adaptively controlling a light spot, comprising the following steps: Step S01: The laser emission module generates a laser beam, which is incident on the beam expansion and shaping module; Step S02: adjusting the position of the beam expansion and shaping module so that the laser beam converges to the photoelectric receiving module; Step S03: the photoelectric receiving module receives the laser beam, the first photosensitive circle generates a first signal, and the second photosensitive circle generates a second signal, wherein the first signal and the second signal are binary output signals; Step S04: the control system extracts and determines the generated first signal and the second signal, and controls and adjusts the position of the beam expansion and shaping module to change the first signal and the second signal; Step S05: repeating steps S02 to S04, when all the first signals are 0 and all the second signals are 1, the adjustment of the beam expansion and shaping module is ended, and the position control of the light spot is completed.

[0024] In a possible implementation, step S03 includes the following steps: The initial photosensitive output signals generated by the first photosensitive circle and the second photosensitive circle are converted into binary first signals and second signals.

[0025] In a possible implementation, step S04 includes the following steps: It is determined whether the first signal and the second signal are all 0. If they are all 0, the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted to enlarge the diameter of the laser beam until the first signal and the second signal have non-zero output.

[0026] Preferably, step S04 includes the following steps: When the diameter of the laser beam is the largest, it is determined whether the first signal and the second signal are all 0. If they are all 0, the distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module is adjusted.

[0027] In a possible implementation, step S04 includes the following steps: Establish a coordinate system with the geometric center of the optoelectronic receiving module as the origin; Determine whether the second signal is all 1, if the second signal is not all 1, then, According to the coordinate system quadrant, the first photosensitive circle and the second photosensitive circle are divided into a first area, a second area, a third area, and a fourth area corresponding to the quadrant; The first signal and the second signal corresponding to the first area, the second area, the third area, and the fourth area are converted into decimal values ​​and then accumulated and added, which are recorded as the first value, the second value, the third value, and the fourth value respectively; When the first value + the fourth value > the second value + the third value, the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted to control the laser beam to move upward; otherwise, the laser beam is controlled to move downward; When the first value+the second value>the third value+the fourth value, the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted to control the laser beam to move to the left; otherwise, the laser beam is controlled to move to the right.

[0028] In a possible implementation, step S04 includes the following steps: Determine whether the first signal is all 0. If there is a non-zero output, then, The distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the optoelectronic receiving module, and / or the position of the optoelectronic receiving module, is adjusted until all the first signals are zero.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned light spot adaptive control method.

[0030] Based on the technical solution of this application, this application has the following technical advantages: 1. Based on the control module, this application designs a spot control system for a laser wireless energy transmission system. Through the real-time feedback of the photoelectric receiving module, the control module can timely adjust the focal length and relative position of each component in the beam expansion and shaping module according to the signal fed back by the photoelectric receiving module, and control the diameter and spot size of the laser beam, thereby ensuring that the laser spot can be covered on the photoelectric receiving module in the fullest state in real time; 2. The light spot control device provided in this application can increase the utilization rate of the laser, thereby increasing the overall laser energy transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a light spot control device provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optoelectronic receiving module provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 The steps of the light spot control method provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a beam expansion and shaping module provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a light spot morphology provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of partitioning of an optoelectronic receiving module provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photosensitive receiving module provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a light spot control method provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Among them: 1-back plate; 2-photoelectric conversion component; 3-first photosensitive circle; 4-second photosensitive circle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, different features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

[0041] The specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] In the actual working conditions of laser energy transmission, the adjustment of the light spot is an important process. If the light spot area is too large and exceeds the size of the solar panel, the excess laser energy cannot be absorbed and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is reduced; if the light spot area is too small, the effective irradiation area on the solar panel is too small, which will also affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, real-time regulation of the light spot area is a key factor in maintaining the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 An exemplary structural diagram of a light spot control device provided by the present application is given, wherein the light spot control device comprises: A laser emitting module, a beam expansion and shaping module, a photoelectric receiving module and a control system. The laser emitting module emits a laser, which enters the photoelectric receiving module after passing through the beam expansion and shaping module. The control module is connected to the laser emitting module, the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module. Exemplarily, the beam expansion and shaping module is used to adjust the shape of the emitted laser spot, including the spot diameter and the spot position, and is usually composed of common optical devices, such as convex lenses, concave lenses, and reflectors. The convex lenses and concave lenses mainly adjust the spot diameter by adjusting the focal length and relative position. The reflector changes the position of the laser spot by changing the optical path. The effect of adjusting the shape of the laser spot is achieved by adjusting the focal length of each optical device and the relative position between the optical devices. Exemplarily, the focal length is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the convex lens and the concave lens. There are various ways to form it. Exemplarily, a "reflector-concave lens-concave lens-convex lens" lens group can be used, or a "reflector-convex lens-concave lens" lens group can be used. The reflector can also be changed to a fast reflector to achieve the purpose of quickly adjusting the optical path.

[0044] The photoelectric receiving module is a module that receives laser signals and converts them into energy to achieve the purpose of laser energy transmission.

[0045] The control system is connected to the laser emission module, the beam expansion and shaping module, and the photoelectric receiving module, and can receive the feedback signal from the photoelectric receiving module in real time, and control the laser emission parameters of the laser emission module, the focal length and position of each optical component in the beam expansion and shaping module, and the distance between the laser emission module, the beam expansion and shaping module, and the photoelectric receiving module in real time according to the feedback signal. In a possible implementation, the control system includes a computer, and the computer is equipped with a corresponding computer program, which can control and process data of each module.

[0046] The photoelectric receiving module is composed of a back plate 1, a photoelectric conversion component 2, a first photosensitive circle 3, and a second photosensitive circle 4. In this embodiment, the back plate 1 plays a supporting role, and the photoelectric conversion component 2, the first photosensitive circle 3, and the second photosensitive circle 4 are arranged on the back plate 1; The photoelectric conversion component is a component that receives laser and converts the laser into energy. Exemplarily, the photoelectric conversion component can be a solar panel, a laser cell or other device. Exemplarily, the material of the photoelectric conversion component is selected from one or more of Si, GaInP, and GaAs.

[0047] The photoelectric conversion component 2 is fixed to one side of the back plate 1. Here, there is no requirement for the relative position of the photoelectric conversion component 2 and the back plate 1. It can be located on the upper side of the back plate 1 or on the lower side of the back plate 1. The fixing method can be gluing, screws, etc., and detachable or non-detachable fixing can achieve the technical effect. Specifically, the first photosensitive ring 3 is a circular ring, which is arranged on the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion component 2 and fixed on the same side of the back plate 1; In a possible embodiment of the present application, the first photosensitive circle 3 and the photoelectric conversion component 2 are located on the same side of the back plate 1, and the diameter of the first photosensitive circle 3 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the photoelectric conversion component 2. For example, the photoelectric conversion component 2 is circular, in which case the diameter of the first photosensitive circle 3 is larger than the diameter of the photoelectric conversion component 2; the photoelectric conversion component 2 is rectangular, in which case the diameter of the first photosensitive circle 3 is larger than the diagonal length of the long side of the photoelectric conversion component 2; the photoelectric conversion component 2 is other shapes, in which case the diameter of the first photosensitive circle 3 is larger than the longest distance between any two points on the photoelectric conversion component 2.

[0048] The second photosensitive circle 4 is a circular ring concentric with the first photosensitive circle 3 , is arranged between the first photosensitive circle 3 and the photoelectric conversion component 2 , and is fixed on the same side of the back plate 1 . The diameter of the second photosensitive circle 4 is smaller than the first photosensitive circle 3 , and larger than the maximum outer diameter of the photoelectric conversion component 2 .

[0049] The first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 can sense light signals and convert the light signals into electrical signals. For example, the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 can be composed of photosensitive elements such as photodiodes, phototransistors, and photoresistors. The photosensitive elements are arranged in a circle to form the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4. The photosensitive elements constituting the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 can be the same or different.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the laser emitting module emits laser light, and the laser light passes through a beam expansion and shaping module, which adjusts the direction and spot size of the laser light so that part or most of the laser light is irradiated onto a photoelectric receiving module. The first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 output signals according to the size and position of the laser spot. The control system adjusts the optical parameters of the optical components in the beam expansion and shaping module and the distance between the components according to the signals output by the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4. At this time, the size and direction of the laser spot change, and the signals output by the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 also change accordingly, until the specified signal is reached and the control system stops.

[0051] In a possible implementation of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2A structural schematic diagram of a possible photoelectric receiving module is given, wherein the photoelectric conversion component 2 is a circular solar panel fixed on one side of the back plate 1, the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 are both annular and arranged on the back plate 1 in the same direction as the solar panel, and the second photosensitive circle 4 is located between the first photosensitive circle 3 and the photoelectric conversion component 2. When the laser spot is irradiated on the solar panel, the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 will generate different signals according to the position and size of the laser spot, and the control system makes real-time adjustments according to the signals.

[0052] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the first photosensitive circle 3 is composed of 4N first photosensitive elements, where N is a natural number ≥ 1, and the first photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle 3. The first photosensitive circle 3 is composed of 4N first photosensitive elements, which can achieve the effect of uniformly generating signals. For example, the first photosensitive circle 3 can be composed of 4, 8, 12, or 16 first photosensitive elements, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle 3. A coordinate system is established with the geometric center of the first photosensitive circle 3 as the origin. When the first photosensitive circle 3 is composed of 4 first photosensitive elements, the 4 first photosensitive elements are located on the x and y axes and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle 3; when the first photosensitive circle 3 is composed of 8 photosensitive elements, the 8 first photosensitive elements are located on the x and y axes and x=y, x=-y, and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle 3. The arrangement is similar, and the first photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle 3.

[0053] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the second photosensitive circle 4 is composed of 4M second photosensitive elements, where M is a natural number ≥ 1, and the second photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second photosensitive circle 4. The arrangement of the second photosensitive elements in the second photosensitive circle 4 is the same as the arrangement of the first photosensitive elements in the above embodiment, and the second photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second photosensitive circle 4.

[0054] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the first photosensitive circle 3 is composed of 4N first photosensitive elements, where N is a natural number ≥ 2, and the first photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle 3. The number of first photosensitive elements in the first photosensitive circle 3 is greater than or equal to 8, and illustratively, the number of first photosensitive elements can be 8, 12, 16, 32, or 40. The more the number of first photosensitive elements, the higher the sensitivity of detecting light signals, and the tiny laser spot out-of-range area on the first photosensitive circle 3 can be detected, further improving the detection accuracy of the first photosensitive circle 3.

[0055] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the second photosensitive circle 4 is composed of 4M second photosensitive elements, where M is a natural number ≥ 2, and the second photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second photosensitive circle 4. The second photosensitive elements in the second photosensitive circle 4 are greater than or equal to 8, and illustratively, the number of the second photosensitive elements can be 8, 12, 16, 32, or 40. The more the number of the second photosensitive elements, the higher the sensitivity of the detection light signal, and the tiny area not covered by the laser spot on the second photosensitive circle 4 can be detected, further improving the detection accuracy of the second photosensitive circle 4.

[0056] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element are the same photosensitive element, and N>M. The first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element are the same, and illustratively, can be selected from one of a photodiode, a phototransistor, and a photoresistor. Selecting the same photosensitive element can reduce the difficulty of the manufacturing process. In addition, in this embodiment, N>M is selected, that is, the number of first photosensitive elements in the first photosensitive circle 3 is greater than the number of second photosensitive elements in the second photosensitive circle 4, so that the radius of the first photosensitive circle 3 is greater than the second photosensitive circle 4.

[0057] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the photoelectric conversion component 2 is circular, and the photoelectric conversion component 2 is concentric with the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4. Figure 2 , that is, the photoelectric conversion component 2 is circular, and the first photosensitive circle 3, the second photosensitive circle 4, and the photoelectric conversion component 2 are arranged concentrically. When the shapes of the three are all circular and annular, they can better adapt to the shape of the laser spot and improve the detection accuracy.

[0058] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the distance between the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 is a first distance, and the distance between the second photosensitive circle 4 and the periphery of the photoelectric conversion component 2 is a second distance. The first distance and the second distance may be the same or different. The relative distances between the photoelectric conversion component 2, the first photosensitive circle 3, and the second photosensitive circle 4, whether the distances are the same or different, can achieve the technical effect of the present application. The specific selection of the first distance and the second distance depends on the diameter of the laser spot in the actual working condition, which can effectively increase the laser utilization rate and improve the overall accuracy.

[0059] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the first distance is greater than the second distance, that is, the distance between the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 is greater than the distance between the second photosensitive circle 4 and the periphery of the photoelectric conversion component 2 .

[0060] In a possible implementation of the present application, the first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element are photosensitive tubes. Photosensitive tubes are mature commercial photoelectric devices with low cost, which can effectively reduce manufacturing costs.

[0061] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the backplane 1 is a PCB board. A PCB board is a circuit board that can miniaturize and visualize circuits, and plays an important role in the mass production of fixed circuits and the optimization of power layout. Figure 3 The PCB board in this embodiment adopts a double-layer board structure. The first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 are composed of 32 photosensitive elements. Eight 74HC165 chips are cascaded to realize the reading of 64 signals. The power supply interface and the pins required by 74HC165 are led out through the connector in the upper middle part of the circuit board. Only three input / output pins of chip selection signal, clock signal and serial output signal are needed to realize the control system to receive the photosensitive signals generated by the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 in the photoelectric receiving module, which effectively improves the processing rate.

[0062] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the laser emission module includes a laser. Specifically, the laser emission module can be a laser, and the laser is used to emit a Gaussian beam. For example, the laser can be selected from one or more of a gas laser, a liquid laser, a semiconductor laser, a solid laser solid, and a dye laser. The parameters of the laser, such as the output power and the incident wavelength, can be selected according to the actual working conditions. In general, the selection of the laser needs to correspond to the type of photovoltaic material. For example, the 808nm laser can use gallium arsenide GaAs photovoltaic material.

[0063] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the laser emission module also includes a light homogenizing unit. The laser emitted by the laser is first incident on the light homogenizing unit. The light homogenizing unit is composed of an optical fiber end cap and an aspheric mirror. The optical fiber end cap realizes the homogenization of the incident light. The aspheric mirror adjusts the phase distribution of the light beam to realize the collimated output of the output light beam. Its output port is a uniformly distributed circular light spot, which is emitted again into the beam expansion and shaping module. The light homogenizing unit can achieve the purpose of shaping the laser beam.

[0064] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the beam expansion and shaping module is an afocal variable magnification collimating beam expansion system, and the size and position of the light spot are adapted to the photoelectric receiving module through the combination of lenses and reflectors with different focal lengths. Exemplarily, the overall focal length of the zoom lens can be calculated according to the formula of the laser spot size and the optical path, and the gain value of the focal length of the zoom lens in the beam expansion and shaping module and the relative position of each optical device in the beam expansion and shaping module can be controlled by the control system, so as to achieve the effect of laser spot regulation.

[0065] In one possible implementation of the present application, see Figure 4 The beam expansion and shaping module includes a concave lens, a convex lens, and a reflector arranged along the propagation direction of the laser. The diameter of the light spot can be adjusted by adjusting the focal length of the convex lens and the concave lens; the left and right offset angle and position of the light spot can be adjusted by adjusting the position and supervision of the reflector; the setting of the two lenses can directly adjust the focal length of the laser, thereby achieving the effect of focusing, and the structure is simpler.

[0066] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the beam expansion and shaping module also includes a slide rail, and the convex lens is mounted on the slide rail and can move relative to the reflector and the concave lens, thereby achieving more sensitive and convenient distance adjustment.

[0067] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the distances between the laser emitting module, the beam expansion and shaping module, and the photoelectric receiving module can be adjusted. Under certain working conditions, the photoelectric receiving module may not detect the laser signal, which may be due to the distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module being too far. In this case, the problem of the light spot being out of focus can be prevented by adjusting the distances between the three.

[0068] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the control system includes a computer, which can control the movement of the laser emission module, the beam expansion and shaping module, and the optoelectronic receiving module.

[0069] In the second aspect, the present application embodiment provides a method for adaptively controlling a light spot, see Figure 4 , the control method comprises the following steps: Step S01: The laser emission module generates a laser beam, which is incident on the beam expansion and shaping module; Step S02: adjusting the beam expansion and shaping module so that the laser beam converges to the photoelectric receiving module; the adjustment of the beam expansion and shaping module includes adjusting the distance between the optical components in the beam expansion and shaping module and adjusting the focal length of each optical lens, so that the laser beam converges to the photoelectric receiving module without the light spot being out of focus; Step S03: the photoelectric receiving module receives the laser beam, the first photosensitive circle 3 generates a first signal, and the second photosensitive circle 4 generates a second signal, wherein the first signal and the second signal are binary output signals; illustratively, the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 both generate binary signals of 010101, and further subdivided, each first photosensitive element in the first photosensitive circle 3 generates a signal, and each second photosensitive element in the second photosensitive circle 4 generates a signal; Step S04: the control system extracts and determines the generated first signal and the second signal, and controls and adjusts the position of the beam expansion and shaping module to change the first signal and the second signal; As described in step S03, the first signal and the second signal are binary signals of 010101. When the signal output is 0, it means that the laser fails to cover the corresponding position of the photosensitive circle, and the photosensitive circle does not generate a signal; when the signal output is 1, it means that the laser has covered the corresponding position of the photosensitive circle, and the photosensitive circle generates an output signal; at this time, the position of the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted, and the spot position and diameter will change and shift. Correspondingly, the position covering the photosensitive circle will also change, and the output of the first signal and the second signal will also change; Step S05: repeating steps S02 to S04, when all the first signals are 0 and all the second signals are 1, the adjustment of the beam expansion and shaping module is terminated, and the position control of the light spot is completed; Exemplarily, when all the first signals are 0, it means that the first photosensitive circle 3 is not covered by the laser spot at all; when the second signals are all 1, it means that the second photosensitive circle 4 is completely covered by the laser spot. At this time, since the diameter of the second photosensitive circle 4 is larger than the diameter of the photoelectric receiving component, it can be considered that the laser spot completely covers the photoelectric receiving component at this time, and the diameter is smaller than the first photosensitive circle 3, and no waste of laser energy will be caused.

[0070] For some inappropriate relative relationships between the laser spot and the photoelectric conversion component 2, please refer to Figure 5 When the laser spot diameter is too small, the first signal and the second signal are both 0, and the laser spot diameter needs to be enlarged; When the laser spot diameter is too small and the position is offset, the first signal and the second signal both have some non-zero outputs. In this case, it is necessary to enlarge the laser spot diameter and adjust the position of the laser spot. When the laser spot is too large, the first signal and the second signal are both 1; at this time, the diameter of the laser spot needs to be reduced; When the laser spot is too large and the position is offset, the first signal has some non-0 outputs and the second signal is all 1; at this time, it is necessary to reduce the diameter of the laser spot and adjust the position of the laser spot.

[0071] Exemplarily, the adjustment target is that the first signal is all 0 and the second signal is all 1. At this time, the laser spot is completely located between the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4, and the position is not offset. The spot diameter is between the diameter of the first photosensitive circle 3 and the diameter of the second photosensitive circle 4, which completely covers the photoelectric conversion component 2 without causing overflow of laser energy.

[0072] In a possible implementation of the present application, step S03 includes the following steps: using a parallel port to serial port method to convert the initial photosensitive output signals generated by the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 into binary first signals and second signals.

[0073] In a possible implementation of the present application, step S04 includes the following steps: determining whether the first signal and the second signal are all 0, and if all are 0, adjusting the beam expansion and shaping module to enlarge the diameter of the laser beam until the first signal and the second signal have non-zero output. When the first signal and the second signal are all 0, it means that the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 have no output, the laser spot area is too small, and the photoelectric receiving component is not completely covered. At this time, it is necessary to enlarge the diameter of the laser beam by adjusting the beam expansion and shaping module.

[0074] In a possible implementation of the present application, step S04 includes the following steps: when the diameter of the laser beam is the largest, determining whether the first signal and the second signal are all 0, and if all are 0, adjusting the distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module, and / or the position of the photoelectric receiving module. When the diameter of the laser beam is the largest, if the first signal and the second signal are all 0, it means that the laser has drifted and cannot be correctly received by the photoelectric receiving module. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module, and / or the position of the photoelectric receiving module to correct the position of the laser.

[0075] In a possible implementation of the present application, step S04 includes the following steps: Figure 7 In this embodiment, a photosensitive receiving module structure is exemplarily provided. The first photosensitive circle 3 is composed of 32 first photosensitive elements, and the second photosensitive circle 4 is composed of 32 second photosensitive elements. The radius of the first photosensitive circle 3 is 53 mm, and the radius of the second photosensitive circle 4 is 48 mm. At this time, the spacing between the first photosensitive elements in the first photosensitive circle 3 is 8.30 mm, and the spacing between the second photosensitive elements in the second photosensitive circle 4 is 7.32 mm.

[0076] This application example provides an exemplary method of determining and adjusting the position of the light spot: Taking the geometric center of the photoelectric receiving module as the origin, a coordinate system is established, wherein the coordinate system is a common xy plane coordinate system; Determine whether the second signal is all 1, if the second signal is not all 1, then, According to the coordinate system quadrant, the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 are divided into the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area in the same manner as the quadrant. Figure 8 As shown, region A is the first region, including 8 first photosensitive elements and 8 second photosensitive elements; region B is the second region, including 8 first photosensitive elements and 8 second photosensitive elements; region C is the third region, including 8 first photosensitive elements and 8 second photosensitive elements; region D is the fourth region, including 8 first photosensitive elements and 8 second photosensitive elements; The first signal and the second signal corresponding to the first area, the second area, the third area, and the fourth area are converted into decimal values ​​and then accumulated and added, which are recorded as the first value, the second value, the third value, and the fourth value respectively; The first signal and the second signal corresponding to the first area mentioned here are the first signal and the second signal output by the 8 first photosensitive elements and the 8 second photosensitive elements included in the first area. At this time, the first signal and the second signal are two 8-digit binary signals, which can be converted into two corresponding decimal numbers. For example, the first signal is 00001111, which is converted into decimal 15; the second signal is 00011111, which is converted into decimal 31. The sum of the two decimal numbers is 46, which is the first value; the second value, the third value, and the fourth value can be calculated in the same way for the remaining three areas.

[0077] When the first value + the fourth value > the second value + the third value, if there is light, the photosensitive tube outputs 1, otherwise it is 0. If converted to binary, a large number indicates more light, and a small number indicates less light, which means that there is light in the upper part and less light in the lower part, indicating that the laser spot is biased upward. At this time, adjust the beam expansion and shaping module to control the laser beam to move downward; otherwise, control the laser beam to move upward. When the first value + the second value > the third value + the fourth value, the principle is the same as above. At this time, it means that the left half is illuminated and the right half is less illuminated. Adjust the beam expansion and shaping module. At this time, it means that the laser spot is biased to the left, and control the laser beam to move to the right; otherwise, control the laser beam to move to the left.

[0078] Repeat the above control steps until the second signal is all 1. If there is reciprocation in the direction of movement for several consecutive times, stop the iteration to prevent an infinite loop when the light spot offset is small. In this embodiment, the purpose of stopping the iteration is to avoid the situation where there is always a small deviation between the left and right or up and down numbers when the light spot offset is small, thereby causing the position to be adjusted. This high-frequency shaking will affect the overall stability of the system. Exemplarily, when the number shakes between the large 1 on the left and the large 1 on the right too many times, just stop the iteration and correct it. Keeping the number in any position can also achieve the overall technical effect. In essence, the purpose of stopping the iteration is to reduce the overall system accuracy. Too high system accuracy will cause the correction parameters to be too sharp.

[0079] In a possible embodiment of the present application, step S04 includes the following steps: determining whether the first signals are all 0; if there is a non-zero output, it means that the laser spot partially covers the first photosensitive circle 3; at this time, adjusting the beam expansion and shaping module to reduce the diameter of the laser beam, and / or adjusting the position of the laser beam until the first signals are all 0.

[0080] For example, please refer to Figure 8, Figure 8 A light spot control method in a possible implementation of the present application is given. First, the laser emission module is turned on, and the laser emission module emits laser light, which is incident on the photoelectric receiving module after passing through the beam expansion and shaping module.

[0081] The photoelectric receiving module receives the laser signal, and the first photosensitive circle 3 and the second photosensitive circle 4 output the first signal and the second signal according to the coverage of the laser signal. The control system judges the first signal and the second signal. If the first signal and the second signal are both 0, it is detected whether the laser spot has been adjusted to the maximum. If it has been adjusted to the maximum, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module, and / or the position of the photoelectric receiving module, to correct the position of the laser until the first signal and the second signal have non-zero outputs; if the laser spot has not been adjusted to the maximum, the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted to expand the laser spot diameter until the first signal and the second signal have non-zero outputs; Then determine whether the second signal has a non-zero output. If the second signal output is all 0, and the first signal has a non-zero output, it means that the laser spot has shifted and has shifted out of the range of the second photosensitive circle 4. At this time, adjust the beam expansion and shaping module to adjust the position of the laser spot so that the laser spot moves toward the direction of the second photosensitive circle 4 until the second signal has a non-zero output. Then determine whether the output of the second signal is all 111, that is, the second photosensitive circle 4 is completely covered by the light spot. If the second signal is not all 111, it means that there is an area of ​​the second photosensitive circle 4 that is not covered by the light spot. At this time, adjust the beam expansion and shaping module to adjust the position and size of the laser spot until the output of the second signal is all 111; When judging whether the first signal has a non-zero output, if the first signal has a non-zero output, it means that the laser spot partially covers the first photosensitive circle 3. At this time, adjust the beam expansion and shaping module to adjust the position of the laser spot and reduce the size of the spot until the output of the first signal is all 0. Repeat the above steps until the output of the first signal is all 0 and the output of the second signal is all 1 to end the adjustment.

[0082] The third aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned light spot adaptive control method.

[0083] In summary, this embodiment provides a light spot control device and control method. By setting two photosensitive circles with different diameters and monitoring the outputs of different photosensitive circles, the position and size of the outgoing laser light spot can be adjusted in real time according to the outputs, so as to achieve the maximum coverage of the photoelectric conversion module by the light spot and better realize the purpose of laser energy transmission.

Claims

1. A light spot control device, characterized in that: The light spot control device comprises a laser emitting module, a beam expansion and shaping module, a photoelectric receiving module and a control system. The laser emitting module emits a laser, which enters the photoelectric receiving module after passing through the beam expansion and shaping module. The control module is connected to the laser emitting module, the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module. The photoelectric receiving module is composed of a back plate, a photoelectric conversion component, a first photosensitive circle, and a second photosensitive circle; The photoelectric conversion component is fixed to one side of the back plate; The first photosensitive ring is a circular ring, which is arranged on the periphery of the photoelectric conversion component and fixed on the same side of the back plate; The second photosensitive ring is a circular ring concentric with the first photosensitive ring, is arranged between the first photosensitive ring and the photoelectric conversion component, and is fixed on the same side of the back plate.

2. The light spot control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first photosensitive circle is composed of 4N first photosensitive elements, wherein N is a natural number ≥1, and the first photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first photosensitive circle.

3. The light spot control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second photosensitive circle is composed of 4M second photosensitive elements, where M is a natural number ≥1, and the second photosensitive elements are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second photosensitive circle.

4. The light spot control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelectric conversion component is circular and is concentric with the first photosensitive circle and the second photosensitive circle.

5. The light spot control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first photosensitive element is a photosensitive tube.

6. The light spot control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second photosensitive element is a photosensitive tube.

7. The light spot control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam expansion and shaping module is a variable-magnification collimating beam expansion system, which makes the size and position of the laser spot adapt to the photoelectric receiving module through the combination of lenses with different focal lengths and reflectors.

8. The light spot control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The beam expansion and shaping module includes a concave lens, a convex lens, and a reflector arranged along the laser propagation direction.

9. The light spot control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The beam expansion and shaping module also includes a slide rail, and the convex lens is mounted on the slide rail and can move relative to the reflector and the concave lens.

10. A light spot adaptive control method based on the light spot control device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S01: The laser emission module generates a laser beam, which is incident on the beam expansion and shaping module; Step S02: adjusting the position of the beam expansion and shaping module so that the laser beam converges to the photoelectric receiving module; Step S03: the photoelectric receiving module receives the laser beam, the first photosensitive circle generates a first signal, and the second photosensitive circle generates a second signal, wherein the first signal and the second signal are binary output signals; Step S04: the control system extracts and determines the generated first signal and the second signal, and controls and adjusts the position of the beam expansion and shaping module to change the first signal and the second signal; Step S05: repeating steps S02 to S04, when all the first signals are 0 and all the second signals are 1, the adjustment of the beam expansion and shaping module is ended, and the position control of the light spot is completed.

11. The light spot adaptive control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The step S03 includes the following steps: converting the initial photosensitive output signals generated by the first photosensitive circle and the second photosensitive circle into binary first signals and second signals.

12. The light spot adaptive control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The step S04 comprises the following steps: It is determined whether the first signal and the second signal are all 0. If they are all 0, the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted to enlarge the diameter of the laser beam until the first signal and the second signal have non-zero output.

13. The light spot adaptive control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The step S04 comprises the following steps: The step S04 comprises the following steps: When the diameter of the laser beam is the largest, it is determined whether the first signal and the second signal are all 0. If they are all 0, the distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the photoelectric receiving module is adjusted.

14. The light spot adaptive control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The step S04 comprises the following steps: Establish a coordinate system with the geometric center of the optoelectronic receiving module as the origin; Determine whether the second signal is all 1, if the second signal is not all 1, then, According to the coordinate system quadrant, the first photosensitive circle and the second photosensitive circle are divided into a first area, a second area, a third area, and a fourth area corresponding to the quadrant; The first signal and the second signal corresponding to the first area, the second area, the third area, and the fourth area are converted into decimal values ​​and then accumulated and added, which are recorded as the first value, the second value, the third value, and the fourth value respectively; When the first value + the fourth value > the second value + the third value, the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted to control the laser beam to move upward; otherwise, the laser beam is controlled to move downward; When the first value+the second value>the third value+the fourth value, the beam expansion and shaping module is adjusted to control the laser beam to move to the left; otherwise, the laser beam is controlled to move to the right.

15. The light spot adaptive control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The step S04 comprises the following steps: Determine whether the first signal is all 0. If there is a non-zero output, then, The distance between the beam expansion and shaping module and the optoelectronic receiving module, and / or the position of the optoelectronic receiving module, is adjusted until all the first signals are zero.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the light spot adaptive control method described in any one of claims 11 to 15.

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