Photovoltaic module structure and production process

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module structure and a production process, and belongs to the photovoltaic field, the photovoltaic module structure comprises a frame and a module body, the module body is arranged in the frame, and the module body comprises chemical tempered glass, a first adhesive film layer, a back junction back contact battery string, a second adhesive film layer and a glass fiber composite backboard which are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction; the surface of the chemical tempered glass is flush with the surface of the frame. According to the invention, chemical toughened glass is adopted, so that the anti-ultraviolet performance is high, the yellowing and powdering phenomena can be prevented, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged; the chemically-toughened glass has high strength and high impact resistance, and the glass fiber composite back plate also has high strength and rigidity, so that the problem that a light component is easy to cause subfissure of a battery piece when being impacted can be solved after the chemically-toughened glass and the glass fiber composite back plate are laminated with the back-junction back-contact battery string; the surface of the chemical tempered glass is flush with the surface of the frame, so that the dust accumulation prevention effect is achieved, and the dust accumulation condition is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaics, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic component structure and a production process. Background Art

[0002] With the development of photovoltaic technology, the "photovoltaic +" model is considered an important means to achieve emission reduction targets. Among all kinds of "photovoltaic +" models, "photovoltaic + building" is undoubtedly the largest market for distributed photovoltaics in the future, but the new pain point is "how to apply it more fully". The weight and installation method of traditional photovoltaic modules have imposed certain restrictions on their application, making it difficult to apply them to old roofs, light steel roofs, building facades, mobile energy and other scenarios, limiting the further expansion of photovoltaic applications. In order to alleviate this limitation, lightweight modules came into being. With its advantages of lightweight, easy installation and wide application scenarios, it has opened up a new blue ocean market for photovoltaic applications. However, at present, lightweight modules are prone to yellowing and powdering due to the use of polymers or polymer sheets instead of glass, which affects the life of the modules. At the same time, their rigidity is not enough, that is, their impact resistance is not enough. When the modules are transported, installed and hit by hail, they are prone to cracking of the cells. In addition, the modules and frames form steps, which are easy to accumulate dust and difficult to clean. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module structure, including a frame and a module body, wherein the frame is provided with a module body, and the module body includes chemically tempered glass, a first adhesive film layer, a back-junction back-contact cell string, a second adhesive film layer, and a glass fiber composite back panel arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and the surface of the chemically tempered glass is flush with the surface of the frame.

[0004] In some embodiments, the thickness of the chemically tempered glass is 0.6-1.2 mm.

[0005] In some embodiments, the glass fiber composite backboard has a thickness of 0.6 to 0.8 mm.

[0006] In some embodiments, a double-layer anti-reflection film is disposed on a side of the chemically tempered glass away from the first adhesive film layer.

[0007] In some embodiments, the height of the component body is 2.2-2.8 mm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the frame includes a first side panel, and an anti-collision plate, a support plate and a bottom plate are vertically arranged in sequence on the upper side of the first side panel, and a second side panel is arranged on the bottom plate, and the end of the second side panel away from the bottom plate is connected to the support plate, and the support plate is provided with a limiting platform at the end of the second side panel, and the anti-collision plate, the support plate and the first side panel constitute an overflow glue groove, and a component body is bonded to the overflow glue groove, and the component body is located at one end of the overflow glue groove and bonded to the outer wall of the anti-collision plate, and the surface of the chemically tempered glass is flush with the surface of the anti-collision plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the glue overflow groove is an "inverted L-shape".

[0010] In some embodiments, the end of the anti-collision plate located on the limiting platform is in a hook shape.

[0011] A production process for a photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0012] Laying a first adhesive film layer on the chemically tempered glass;

[0013] Use full back "straight line welding" to weld multiple battery cells to form a back junction back contact battery string;

[0014] Arrange the back-contact battery strings and make circuit connections using bus bars;

[0015] Then, a second adhesive film layer is laid on the back side of the back junction back contact battery string;

[0016] Laying glass fiber cloth, and evenly sprinkling 1000 grams of acrylic acid powder per square meter on the glass fiber cloth to obtain a glass fiber composite backboard;

[0017] The back-contact cell string with the second adhesive film layer is stacked on the glass fiber composite back plate, and the chemically tempered glass with the first adhesive film layer is stacked on the back-contact cell string to form a module body, and the module body is placed in a laminator for lamination;

[0018] Group the component body and border.

[0019] In some embodiments, the lap welding distance between adjacent battery cells is 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) The present invention adopts chemically tempered glass, which has strong UV resistance, can prevent yellowing and powdering, and extend the service life of photovoltaic modules; chemically tempered glass has high strength and strong impact resistance, and the glass fiber composite back panel also has high strength and rigidity. Therefore, after being stacked with the back-to-back contact battery string, it can solve the problem that lightweight components are easily affected by impact and cause hidden cracks in the battery cells; the surface of the chemically tempered glass is flush with the surface of the frame, which has the effect of preventing dust accumulation and avoids the situation of dust accumulation.

[0022] 2) There is no spacing between adjacent cells in the back-contact cell string of the present invention, thereby reducing the welding stress of the cell and solving the problem of hidden cracks in lightweight components.

[0023] 3) The thickness of the chemically tempered glass in the present invention is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the glass fiber composite back sheet is 0.6 to 0.8 mm, which not only makes the photovoltaic module light but also high in strength.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a photovoltaic module is shown;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a back-junction back-contact cell string is shown;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the frame is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the component body is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 A flow chart showing the production process of a photovoltaic module.

[0031] Figure numerals: 1. frame; 11. anti-collision plate; 12. glue overflow groove; 121. silica gel; 13. support plate; 14. limit platform; 15. first side plate; 16. second side plate; 17. bottom plate; 2. component body; 21. chemically tempered glass; 22. first adhesive film layer; 23. back junction back contact battery string; 231. welding strip; 24. second adhesive film layer; 25. glass fiber composite back plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module structure is shown. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the component body 2 is shown. Figure 1 , 4 As shown, a photovoltaic module structure includes a frame 1 and a module body 2. The frame 1 is provided with the module body 2. The module body 2 includes a chemically tempered glass 21, a first adhesive film layer 22, a back-junction back-contact battery string 23, a second adhesive film layer 24, and a glass fiber composite backboard 25 arranged in sequence along the vertical direction. The surface of the chemically tempered glass 21 is flush with the surface of the frame 1.

[0034] The photovoltaic module structure achieves lightness, high strength and rigidity through chemically tempered glass 21 and glass fiber composite backboard 25, so that the lightweight module has impact resistance and can avoid hidden cracks in the battery cells after being stacked with the back-contact battery string 23.

[0035] Specifically, the material of the first adhesive film layer 22 and the second adhesive film layer 24 may be selected from but not limited to EVA, EPE, POE, and PVB.

[0036] Specifically, the first adhesive film layer 22 and the second adhesive film layer 24 both have a gram weight of 430 g / ㎡ to 550 g / ㎡.

[0037] Specifically, the type of the back junction back contact battery string 23 can be selected but not limited to BC type battery and MWT battery. Among them, BC type battery has grid lines on the back side, and the back side increases the weight to increase the buffer, avoid hidden cracks, and also plays a role in water blocking, so BC type battery is preferred.

[0038] In some embodiments, the thickness of the chemically tempered glass 21 is 0.6 to 1.2 mm. The chemically tempered glass 21 with a thickness of 0.6 to 1.2 mm is not only lightweight, but also has high strength and strong impact resistance. It can withstand the impact of hail on lightweight components and during transportation and installation, thereby avoiding hidden cracks in the battery cells.

[0039] Specifically, the chemically tempered glass 21 improves the mechanical strength of the glass through a chemical tempering process, with a drop ball strength greater than 0.3 J and a four-point bending test strength greater than 650 MPa.

[0040] In some embodiments, the thickness of the chemically tempered glass 21 is 0.9 to 1.2 mm. The chemically tempered glass 21 with a thickness of 0.9 to 1.2 mm is not only lightweight, but also has high strength and strong impact resistance. It can withstand the impact of hail on lightweight components and during transportation and installation, thereby avoiding hidden cracks in the battery cells.

[0041] In some embodiments, the thickness of the chemically tempered glass 21 is 1 to 1.1 mm. The chemically tempered glass 21 with a thickness of 1 to 1.1 mm is not only lightweight, but also has high strength and strong impact resistance. It can withstand the impact of hail on lightweight components and during transportation and installation, thereby avoiding hidden cracks in the battery cells.

[0042] In some embodiments, the thickness of the chemically tempered glass 21 is 0.7 mm. The 0.7 mm thick chemically tempered glass 21 is not only lightweight, but also has high strength and strong impact resistance. It can withstand the impact of hail on lightweight components and during transportation and installation, thereby avoiding hidden cracks in the battery cells.

[0043] In some embodiments, the glass fiber composite back panel 25 has a thickness of 0.6 to 0.8 mm. The glass fiber composite back panel 25 with a thickness of 0.6 to 0.8 mm has high strength, rigidity and lightweight characteristics. It is not only lightweight, but also can resist hail and the impact received during transportation and installation, avoiding hidden cracks in the battery cells.

[0044] In some embodiments, the glass fiber composite back panel 25 has a thickness of 0.7 mm. The glass fiber composite back panel 25 with a thickness of 0.7 mm has high strength, rigidity and lightweight characteristics. It is not only lightweight, but also can resist hail and impacts received during transportation and installation, avoiding hidden cracks in the battery cells.

[0045] In some embodiments, a double-layer anti-reflection film is provided on one side of the chemically tempered glass 21 away from the first adhesive film layer 22 ; the double-layer anti-reflection film can ensure that the light transmittance of the component body 2 is ≥ 93.8%, achieving high light transmittance and high strength.

[0046] Specifically, the double-layer anti-reflection film may be selected from but is not limited to a double-layer colorless anti-reflection film or a double-layer high-transmittance anti-reflection film.

[0047] In some embodiments, the thickness of the double-layer anti-reflection film is 210±20 μm; the double-layer anti-reflection film with a thickness of 210±20 μm can ensure that the light transmittance of the component body 2 is ≥93.8%, achieving high light transmittance and high strength.

[0048] In some embodiments, the height of the component body 2 is 2.2-2.8 mm, and the height of the component body 2 is the same as the distance between the surface of the limiting platform 14 and the surface of the anti-collision plate 11. Therefore, after the component body 2 and the frame 1 are assembled, dust accumulation on the steps can be avoided.

[0049] Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the frame 1. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the frame 1 includes a first side panel 15, on which an anti-collision plate 11, a support plate 13 and a bottom plate 17 are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction, a second side panel 16 is arranged on the bottom plate 17, and one end of the second side panel 16 away from the bottom plate 17 is connected to the support plate 13, and a limiting platform 14 is arranged at the end of the support plate 13 located at the second side panel 16, the anti-collision plate 11, the support plate 13 and the first side panel 15 constitute an overflowing glue groove 12, and a component body 2 is bonded to the overflowing glue groove 12, and the component body 2 is located at one end of the overflowing glue groove 12 and is bonded to the outer wall of the anti-collision plate 11, and the surface of the chemically tempered glass 21 is flush with the surface of the anti-collision plate 11; the first side panel 15 plays a role The function of connecting the anti-collision plate 11, the support plate 13 and the bottom plate 17; the anti-collision plate 11 is used to prevent the edge of the chemically tempered glass 21 from being bumped; the support plate 13 is used to support the component body 2; the second side plate 16 is used to support the support plate 13; the overflow glue groove 12 is used to glue and bond the component body 2; the limiting platform 14 is used to limit the position of the component body 2 and support the component body 2 to prevent the component body 2 from falling during use, and also to prevent the colloid in the overflow glue groove 12 from overflowing; the surface of the chemically tempered glass 21 is flush with the surface of the anti-collision plate 11 to avoid the frame 1 and the component body 2 from forming steps. When the component body 2 is tilted or installed vertically to the ground, the dust on the surface of the component can be washed off by its own gravity or rain.

[0050] In some embodiments, the distance between the surface of the limiting platform 14 and the surface of the anti-collision plate 11 is 2.2 to 2.8 mm; the distance of 2.2 to 2.8 mm can be used to place the component body 2, which can ensure that the surface of the component body 2 is flush with the surface of the anti-collision plate 11 to avoid the formation of steps and dust accumulation.

[0051] In some embodiments, the width of the limiting platform 14 is ≥ 3 mm so as to support and limit the component body 2 .

[0052] In some embodiments, the side of the first side plate 15 away from the support plate 13 is wavy; the wavy wall surface can ensure the strength of the first side plate 15 and reduce the amount of material used.

[0053] Specifically, the material of the frame 1 may be selected from but is not limited to aluminum profiles, steel materials, and polymer composite materials.

[0054] In some embodiments, the overflow glue groove 12 is "inverted L-shaped"; the inverted L-shaped overflow glue groove 12 is convenient for storing glue when gluing on the production line. The retained glue can adhere to the component body 2, and can also prevent the glue from being completely lost when the component body 2 is squeezed when assembled into a frame.

[0055] In some embodiments, the end of the anti-collision plate 11 located on the limiting platform 14 is in a hook shape; the hook shape of the end of the anti-collision plate 11 can prevent excessive glue from overflowing onto the surface of the component body 2.

[0056] The working principle of the photovoltaic module structure is as follows:

[0057] The use of chemically tempered glass 21, back-contact battery string 23 and glass fiber composite backboard 25 solves the problem of yellowing and hidden cracking of existing lightweight components, and the use of the surface of chemically tempered glass 21 and the surface of frame 1 to be flush solves the problem of dust accumulation and difficulty in cleaning. Among them, firstly inject silica gel 121 into the overflow glue groove 12, and then bond the component body 2 to the support plate 13. During the bonding process, the component body 2 will squeeze the silica gel 121, and most of the silica gel 121 will move into the inverted L-shaped overflow glue groove 12 to bond the glass fiber composite backboard 25 of the component body 2. A small part of the silica gel 121 is squeezed to the outer wall of the hook-shaped end of the anti-collision plate 11 to bond the side wall of the component body 2. Then adjust the position of the component body 2 so that the glass fiber composite backboard 25 of the component body 2 is in contact with the limiting platform 14, and the surface of the chemically tempered glass 21 is flush with the surface of the anti-collision plate 11.

[0058] Figure 5 A flow chart showing the production process of a photovoltaic module. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a back junction back contact battery string 23 is shown. Figure 2 , 5 As shown, the production process of photovoltaic modules includes the following steps:

[0059] Laying a first adhesive film layer 22 on one surface of the chemically tempered glass 21;

[0060] Multiple cells are welded by full back "straight line lap welding" to form a back junction back contact cell string 23;

[0061] Arrange the back-contact battery string 23 and make circuit connections using bus bars;

[0062] Then, a second adhesive film layer 24 is laid on the back side of the back junction back contact battery string 23;

[0063] Lay glass fiber cloth, and evenly sprinkle 400g acrylic acid powder per square meter on the glass fiber cloth to obtain a glass fiber composite backboard;

[0064] The back-contact cell string 23 with the second adhesive film layer 24 is stacked on the glass fiber composite back sheet 25, and the chemically tempered glass 21 with the first adhesive film layer 22 is stacked on the back-contact cell string 23 to form a component body 2, and the component body 2 is placed in a laminator for lamination;

[0065] The component body 2 and the frame 1 are assembled together.

[0066] In some embodiments, the lap welding distance between adjacent battery cells is 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0067] Specifically, the welding ribbon 231 is used for welding multiple battery cells.

[0068] Specifically, the glass fiber cloth is 140g / ㎡.

[0069] Specifically, the glass fiber cloth sprinkled with acrylic acid is heated and cured by a laminator to form the glass fiber composite backboard 25 .

[0070] Specifically, the back-contact battery string 23 utilizes full-back "straight-line lap welding" to weld multiple battery cells, which can eliminate the spacing between adjacent battery cells, achieve zero-spacing connection, reduce the welding stress of the battery cells, and solve the problem of hidden cracks in lightweight components.

[0071] Specifically, the straight-line lap welding is a prior art, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0072] Specifically, after lamination, it is necessary to cut off the redundant first adhesive film layer 22 and second adhesive film layer 24 at the edge of the component body 2, and stick a circle of paper tape along the edge of the chemically tempered glass 21 of the component body 2, inject silica gel 121 into the inverted L-shaped overflow groove 12 of the frame 1, and then perform framing. After framing is completed, tear off the paper tape at the edge of the chemically tempered glass 21. The paper tape can prevent the silica gel 121 from overflowing onto the surface of the chemically tempered glass 21 during the framing process, thereby reducing cleaning.

[0073] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1) and a component body (2), wherein the frame (1) is provided with the component body (2), and the component body (2) comprises chemically tempered glass (21), a first adhesive film layer (22), a back-junction back-contact battery string (23), a second adhesive film layer (24), and a glass fiber composite back plate (25) arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and the surface of the chemically tempered glass (21) is flush with the surface of the frame (1).

2. The photovoltaic module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the chemically tempered glass (21) is 0.6-1.2 mm.

3. The photovoltaic module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass fiber composite backboard (25) has a thickness of 0.6-0.8 mm.

4. The photovoltaic module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A double-layer anti-reflection film is provided on the side of the chemically tempered glass (21) away from the first adhesive film layer (22).

5. The photovoltaic module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the component body (2) is 2.2-2.8 mm.

6. The photovoltaic module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) comprises a first side plate (15), on which an anti-collision plate (11), a support plate (13) and a bottom plate (17) are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction; a second side plate (16) is arranged on the bottom plate (17); one end of the second side plate (16) away from the bottom plate (17) is connected to the support plate (13); a limiting platform (14) is arranged at the end of the support plate (13) located at the second side plate (16); the anti-collision plate (11), the support plate (13) and the first side plate (15) constitute an overflowing glue groove (12); a component body (2) is bonded to the overflowing glue groove (12); one end of the component body (2) located at the overflowing glue groove (12) is bonded to the outer wall of the anti-collision plate (11); the surface of the chemically tempered glass (21) is flush with the surface of the anti-collision plate (11).

7. The photovoltaic module structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The glue overflow groove (12) is in an "inverted L-shape".

8. The photovoltaic module structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the anti-collision plate (11) located on the limiting platform (14) is in a hook shape.

9. A production process for a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Laying a first adhesive film layer (22) on one surface of the chemically tempered glass (21); Using full back "straight-line stack welding" to weld multiple battery cells to form a back-junction back-contact battery string (23); Arrange the back-contact battery string (23) and connect the circuits using bus bars; Then, a second adhesive film layer (24) is laid on the back side of the back junction back contact battery string (23); Lay glass fiber cloth, and evenly sprinkle 400g acrylic acid powder per square meter on the glass fiber cloth to obtain a glass fiber composite backboard; The back-contact battery string (23) with the second adhesive film layer (24) is stacked on the glass fiber composite back plate (25), and the chemically tempered glass (21) with the first adhesive film layer (22) is stacked on the back-contact battery string (23) to form a component body (2), and the component body (2) is placed in a laminator for lamination; The component body (2) and the frame (1) are assembled together.

10. The production process of photovoltaic modules according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lap welding distance between adjacent battery cells is 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm.

Images