Meteorological disaster prevention and control system for tobacco safe planting and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a meteorological disaster prevention and control system for tobacco safe planting and an application method thereof, and the system comprises a strong wind monitoring control module, a drought monitoring control module, a flood monitoring control module, a thunderstorm monitoring control module, a frost monitoring control module and a hail monitoring control module which are all connected with a protection device. The protection device comprises a vertical protection unit arranged on the side face of the tobacco and a transverse protection unit arranged on the top face of the tobacco. All the modules are used for monitoring, calculating and early warning the tobacco plant base from precipitation, soil humidity, crop growth, moisture supply, climate change and ecological environment in an all-around mode, unmanned, automatic and intelligent intervention is conducted in time according to different meteorological disasters, and the tobacco plant base is maintained uninterruptedly in real time. And the tobacco plants are kept in a high-yield and high-quality healthy state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and in particular is a meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The main meteorological factors affecting tobacco growth include temperature, light, moisture and soil conditions, which have a direct and significant impact on tobacco growth, development and yield.

[0003] The temperature range for tobacco growth is 25-28℃, and the night temperature is not lower than 15℃. Too low temperature will inhibit seed germination and seedling growth, while too high temperature will cause tobacco plants to lose water too quickly, affecting growth and development. Secondly, tobacco also needs sufficient light for photosynthesis to form chlorophyll and ensure growth and development. Insufficient light will cause the leaves to be small and thin and poorly developed; while too strong light will make the leaves thick and rough, affecting the quality of tobacco leaves. In addition, tobacco needs to maintain soil moisture between 60%-80%, especially during the vigorous growth period, it needs more water. Too much or too little water will affect the growth and development of tobacco. At the same time, tobacco is suitable for growing in well-drained, fertile, deep sandy soil or loam. The soil pH value should be 5.5-6.5. Good soil conditions are conducive to the healthy development of tobacco roots and the absorption of nutrients.

[0004] Therefore, extreme meteorological factors have a serious impact on tobacco planting. The extreme meteorological factors that affect tobacco growth mainly include thunderstorms, frost, strong winds, drought, floods, and hail. Thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail can cause damage to tobacco plants, frost can affect the normal growth of tobacco, and drought and floods can affect the water supply of tobacco and its growth and development. These factors will have a significant negative impact on the growth of tobacco, leading to a decrease in yield and quality.

[0005] For example, a digital tobacco field smart agriculture system disclosed in a Chinese invention patent with an application publication date of 2023.08.01 and an application publication number of CN116523673A includes a flue-cured tobacco planting information module, a meteorological big data module and a production suggestion module, wherein the flue-cured tobacco planting information module is used to collect flue-cured tobacco plots, the number of flue-cured tobacco plants, household information, curing room information and seedling shed information, and at the same time, soil fertility data of each flue-cured tobacco plot is collected according to the grid, and the data is superimposed on the gridded digital base map of the flue-cured tobacco planting layout; the meteorological big data module includes a tobacco weather real-time submodule, a real-time tobacco meteorological warning submodule and a tobacco weather forecast submodule, and the tobacco weather real-time submodule is used to display the tobacco weather real-time data of each grid point on the gridded digital base map; the production suggestion module includes a disaster response submodule, a production technology plan submodule, a farming reminder submodule and a tobacco yield forecast submodule.

[0006] In the above-mentioned prior art, the meteorological and soil data can be accurately matched to the plots during tobacco planting, which is convenient for the realization and management of various functions in production. However, there are the following problems: 1. Only the system module is used to monitor the tobacco planting process and then manual intervention is performed. If the weather changes suddenly at night, it is impossible to respond quickly and in real time. The response time is long and personnel need to be arranged to monitor the system continuously. 2. There is no description of the corresponding response measures to the meteorological warning; 3. The tobacco fields are huge and require a lot of equipment to maintain them; 4. There are many types of weather conditions and meteorological disasters, and each problem requires a solution, which is very cumbersome and complicated.

[0007] Therefore, how to effectively solve the problem of only monitoring the tobacco planting process through system modules and then conducting manual intervention requires the continuous arrangement of personnel to monitor the system, no corresponding response measures to meteorological warnings, a large amount of equipment is needed for maintenance, and there are many types of weather conditions and meteorological disasters. A solution is needed for each problem, which is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting and an application method thereof, which solves the problems of only monitoring the tobacco planting process by system modules and then conducting manual intervention, requiring uninterrupted arrangement of personnel monitoring the system, no explanation of corresponding response measures for meteorological warnings, requiring a large amount of equipment for maintenance, and a variety of weather conditions and meteorological disasters, requiring a solution for each problem.

[0009] The technical solution of this application is: A meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting includes a strong wind monitoring and control module, a drought monitoring and control module, a flood monitoring and control module, a thunderstorm monitoring and control module, a frost monitoring and control module, and a hail monitoring and control module. The strong wind monitoring and control module, the drought monitoring and control module, the flood monitoring and control module, the thunderstorm monitoring and control module, the frost monitoring and control module, and the hail monitoring and control module are all connected to a protective device, and the protective device includes a vertical protective unit arranged on the side of the tobacco and a horizontal protective unit arranged on the top surface of the tobacco. The present invention uses the strong wind monitoring and control module, the drought monitoring and control module, the flood monitoring and control module, the thunderstorm monitoring and control module, and the frost monitoring and control module to monitor, calculate, and warn the tobacco plant base in all directions from precipitation, soil moisture, crop growth, water supply, climate change, and ecological environment, and timely make unmanned, automated, and intelligent interventions for different meteorological disasters, and maintain the tobacco plant base in real time without interruption, so that the tobacco plants maintain a healthy state of high yield and high quality, and realize sustainable and healthy development of the industry.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical protection unit includes a protection layer 1 which is arranged between the vertical rod 1 and the vertical rod 2 and is raised and lowered by a driving component 1, the protection layer 1 is wound up by a pull rope and a pulley block, the driving component 1 includes a windmill 1 which is arranged on the vertical rod 1 and the vertical rod 2, the protection layer 1 is raised and lowered as the windmill 1 rotates, the vertical rod 1 and the vertical rod 2 are provided with a windmill 2, the windmill 2 is connected to a power storage unit, the driving component 1 also includes a lifting unit connected to the pull rope, and when the wind force reaches a threshold and the windmill 1 stops working, the lifting unit starts.

[0011] Furthermore, the lateral protection unit includes a protection layer 2 which is arranged between the cross bar 1 and the cross bar 2 and moved by a driving component 2. The sliders on both sides of the protection layer 2 are slidably matched with the slide rails of the cross bar 1 and the cross bar 2, and the driving component 2 is connected to the wind sensor.

[0012] Furthermore, the protective layer 1 and the protective layer 2 are both in a grid shape, and each grid is provided with a bag with a water inlet and outlet, and the water inlet and outlet are connected to a water storage unit. When the bag is full of water, the bag fills the interior of the grid, and when the bag is not full of water, a gap is left between the bag and the grid.

[0013] Furthermore, the pouches are arranged in a grid column formed by a plurality of grids, and a flexible photovoltaic layer is arranged in an adjacent grid column.

[0014] Furthermore, a water flow trough is provided between adjacent grids, and the water flow trough is connected to the water storage unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the thunderstorm monitoring and control module includes an induction coil disposed on the protective device, and the induction coil is connected to a power storage unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the frost monitoring control module includes an atomizing nozzle connected to the bag. When the humidity and temperature sensor monitors a threshold value, the atomizing nozzle absorbs water from the bag and sprays it.

[0017] Furthermore, a heating unit is disposed on the first protective layer and the second protective layer.

[0018] The application method of the meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting is as follows: Method 1: When the high wind monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the driving component 1 and the driving component 2 are automatically started, the protective layer 1 rises, the protective layer 2 is unfolded, and the bag absorbs water from the water storage unit. When the wind force reaches the threshold, the protective layer 1 and the protective layer 2 need to be completely closed, that is, the bag is filled with water. When the wind force does not reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 1 and the protective layer 2, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag, and at the same time, the windmill 2 generates wind power; Method 2: When the drought monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the driving component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 and / or the driving component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 1 and / or the flexible photovoltaic layer is automatically started to generate electricity and store it in the power storage unit and / or water it through the water storage unit. When the temperature and humidity do not reach the threshold, the protective layer 1 and / or the protective layer 2 need to be completely closed, that is, the bag is filled with water. When the temperature and humidity reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 1 and / or the protective layer 2 to prevent transpiration, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag; Method three: when the flood monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, the driving component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 and / or the driving component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 1. When the rainfall reaches the threshold, the protective layer 1 and / or the protective layer 2 need to be completely closed, that is, the bag is filled with water. When the rainfall does not reach the threshold, a gap for normal water to pass through can be left on the protective layer 1 and / or the protective layer 2, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag, and then the rainwater is collected into the water storage unit through the water flow trough; Method 4: When the thunderstorm monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the drive component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protection layer 2 and / or the drive component 1 is automatically started to raise the protection layer 1, and electric energy is generated through the induction coil and stored in the power storage unit; Method 5: When the frost monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the drive component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2, and the drive component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 1, and the atomizing nozzle sprays to form a frost layer on the protective layer 2 and the protective layer 1. When thawing is required, the heating unit is started, and the melted water enters the water storage unit through the water flow trough; Method six: When the hail monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the driving component two to unfold the protective layer two and automatically starts the driving component one to raise the protective layer one. The hail collected on the protective layer two is passed through the heating unit to melt the water into the water storage unit through the water flow trough.

[0019] The specific beneficial effects of the present invention include: 1. The present invention uses a gale monitoring and control module, a drought monitoring and control module, a flood monitoring and control module, a thunderstorm monitoring and control module, a frost monitoring and control module, and a hail monitoring and control module to comprehensively monitor, calculate, and give early warnings to the tobacco plant base in terms of precipitation, soil moisture, crop growth, water supply, climate change, and ecological environment. It timely makes unmanned, automated, and intelligent interventions for different meteorological disasters, and continuously maintains the tobacco plant base in real time, so that the tobacco plants maintain a healthy state of high yield and high quality, and realize the sustainable and healthy development of the industry; 2. Through protective layer 1 and protective layer 2, tobacco plants can be quickly and effectively protected from various weather conditions and meteorological disasters. The multi-functions are integrated into one, which can respond to various problems in a timely manner and take countermeasures quickly without manual intervention, thus realizing intelligent and unmanned management; 3. The growth of tobacco plants is affected by factors such as field pressure, temperature, humidity, and rainfall. Tobacco has different requirements for various ecological conditions during different growth periods. By using IoT sensors to monitor and collect various planting data of tobacco fields in real time, it can accurately provide suitable conditions for plants at different growth stages. 4. The present invention is based on the accurate climate forecast of tobacco fields based on big data, based on the micro-meteorological monitoring equipment of the Internet of Things, and combined with the historical meteorological data of the tobacco planting base for many years, to achieve rapid and accurate monitoring of the real-time and changing trend forecast of the microclimate of farmland, and to achieve accurate meteorological disaster forecasting in grid space for the specific location of the tobacco field, and provide accurate prediction of disasters such as hail, heavy rain, drought, frost, etc., which can effectively reduce the direct losses caused by meteorological disasters in the tobacco production process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of each module of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view of the vertical protection unit in the present invention; Figure 3 The top view of the protective layer 2 in the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 4 The top view of the protective layer 2 in the present invention Figure 2 .

[0022] Description of Figure Numbers: 11. Vertical bar one; 12. Vertical bar two; 13. Protective layer 1; 14. Windmill 1; 15. Windmill 2; 16. Protective layer 2; 17. Grid; 18. Water inlet and outlet; 19. Bag; 20. Water flow trough; 21. Slider; 22. Flexible photovoltaic layer; 31. Horizontal bar one; 32. Horizontal bar two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1, a meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a strong wind monitoring and control module, a drought monitoring and control module, a flood monitoring and control module, a thunderstorm monitoring and control module, a frost monitoring and control module, and a hail monitoring and control module. The strong wind monitoring and control module, the drought monitoring and control module, the flood monitoring and control module, the thunderstorm monitoring and control module, the frost monitoring and control module, and the hail monitoring and control module are all connected to a protective device, and the protective device includes a vertical protective unit arranged on the side of the tobacco and a horizontal protective unit arranged on the top surface of the tobacco. The present invention uses the strong wind monitoring and control module, the drought monitoring and control module, the flood monitoring and control module, the thunderstorm monitoring and control module, and the frost monitoring and control module to monitor, calculate, and warn the tobacco plant base in all directions from precipitation, soil moisture, crop growth, water supply, climate change, and ecological environment, and timely make unmanned, automated, and intelligent interventions for different meteorological disasters, and maintain the tobacco plant base uninterruptedly in real time, so that the tobacco plants maintain a healthy state of high yield and high quality, and realize the sustainable and healthy development of the industry.

[0025] Based on the above implementation, as a preferred implementation, Figure 2As shown, a plurality of vertical protection units are arranged side by side, and the vertical protection units include a protection layer 13 which is arranged between a vertical rod 11 and a vertical rod 12 and is raised and lowered by a driving component 1, and the protection layer 13 is wound up in coordination with a pulley group through a pull rope, and the driving component 1 includes a windmill 14 which is arranged on the vertical rod 11 and the vertical rod 12, and the protection layer 13 is raised and lowered as the windmill 14 rotates, and a windmill 2 15 is arranged on the vertical rod 11 and the vertical rod 12, and the windmill 2 15 is connected to a power storage unit, and the driving component 1 also includes a lifting unit connected to the pull rope, and when the wind force reaches a threshold and the windmill 14 stops working, the lifting unit starts.

[0026] Specifically, one end of the pull rope is connected to the protective layer 13, and the other end is wound around the pulley and connected to the reel. Figure 1 When the windmill 14 rotates in the clockwise direction, the pull rope is wound around the reel, and the windmill 14 arranged on the vertical rod 11 and the vertical rod 2 12 rotate clockwise. The pull rope drives the protective layer 13 to move upward to shield and protect the tobacco. When the wind force decreases, the speed of the windmill 14 decreases, and the protective layer 13 moves downward under the action of gravity.

[0027] Specifically, when the wind force sensor detects that the wind force has reached a threshold value, but the tension sensor connected to the pull rope detects that the tension of the pull rope has not reached the set value, it is determined that the windmill 14 fails to operate and the lifting unit is automatically started to drive the protective layer 13 to rise to the set position.

[0028] On the basis of the above implementation, as a preferred implementation, windmill 2 15 is provided on the vertical pole 1 1 and the vertical pole 2 12 , and the windmill 2 15 is connected to the power storage unit, and the windmill 2 15 can keep generating electricity when there is wind.

[0029] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the lateral protection unit includes a protection layer 2 16 which is arranged between the cross bar 1 31 and the cross bar 2 32 and moved by the driving component 2, the sliders 21 on both sides of the protection layer 2 16 are slidably matched with the slide rails of the cross bar 1 31 and the cross bar 2 32, and the driving component 2 is connected to the wind sensor.

[0030] Specifically, the second protective layer 16 is expanded or closed along the slide rails of the first crossbar 31 and the second crossbar 32. The second protective layer 16 is made of a flexible material and is rolled up on one side when closed. The second driving component can be a motor or a winch.

[0031] Based on the above implementation, as a preferred implementation, Figure 3As shown, the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 are both in a grid shape, and each grid 17 is provided with a bag 19 with a water inlet and outlet 18, and the water inlet and outlet 18 are connected to the water storage unit. When the bag 19 is full of water, the bag 19 fills the inside of the grid 17, so that the protective layer 2 16 forms a barrier that is waterproof and windproof. When the bag 19 is not full of water, a gap is left between the bag 19 and the grid 17 for ventilation. Or as Figure 4 As shown, the pouches 19 are arranged in a grid column formed by a plurality of grids 17 , and a flexible photovoltaic layer 22 is arranged in an adjacent grid column. The pouches 19 and the flexible photovoltaic layer 22 are arranged alternately and integrally.

[0032] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, a water flow trough 20 is provided between adjacent grids 17, and the water flow trough 20 is connected to the water storage unit.

[0033] Specifically, the protective layer 1 13 and the protective layer 2 16 are both made of flexible materials, the skeleton part can be made of ropes and can be rolled up, and the water trough 20 part can be made of waterproof rain cloth.

[0034] Specifically, when the bag 19 is filled with water, the upper surface of the bag 19 forms an arc surface, and rainwater falling on the bag 19 automatically flows down around the bag 19, collects in the water trough 20, and then flows into the water storage unit.

[0035] Based on the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the thunderstorm monitoring control module includes an induction coil disposed on the protective device, and the induction coil is connected to the power storage unit. When the thunderstorm monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the second driving component is automatically started to unfold the second protective layer 16, and electrical energy is generated by the induction coil and stored in the power storage unit.

[0036] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the frost monitoring and control module includes an atomizing nozzle connected to the bag 19. When the humidity temperature sensor monitors a threshold value, the atomizing nozzle absorbs water from the bag 19 and sprays. The mist sprayed by the atomizing nozzle forms a frost layer on the protective layer 16, which protects the tobacco. The frost layer forms a natural barrier to maintain the temperature and humidity of the tobacco under the protective layer, forming a microclimate environment, which can effectively prevent the damage of frosty weather to the tobacco.

[0037] Based on the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, a heating unit is provided on the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16. Specifically, when the frost layer needs to be thawed and the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 need to be folded up, the heating unit is started to thaw the frost layer, and the melted water flows to the water flow trough 20. The heating unit can be a heating resistance wire.

[0038] The application method of the meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting is as follows: Method 1: Because tobacco plants are tall and have large and tender leaves, strong winds above level 5 will cause great harm to tobacco, especially the middle part of the leaves. Strong winds will cause friction between leaves, causing damage to the leaves and the appearance of brown spots, affecting the color and quality of tobacco leaves. In severe cases, it may even blow down or break tobacco plants, seriously affecting the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. When the strong wind monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts drive component 1 and drive component 2, protective layer 13 rises, and protective layer 2 16 unfolds to form a nearly closed space, protecting the tobacco plants in the closed space, and the bag 19 absorbs water from the water storage unit; When the wind force reaches the threshold, the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 need to be completely closed, that is, the bag 19 is filled with water to prevent the strong wind from affecting the tobacco plants in time; When the wind force does not reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16, that is, a proper amount of water is injected into the bag 19, and the amount of water injected is linearly correlated with the warning result of the strong wind monitoring and control module. The bag 19 is not filled, so that there is a certain gap between the bag 19 and the grid 17, so that the tobacco plants can be properly ventilated. Good ventilation conditions can reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests. Ventilation can help eliminate humid environment and reduce the breeding of bacteria. At the same time, windmill 2 15 generates wind power.

[0039] Method 2: Drought will weaken the water metabolism of tobacco plants and damage the cell's plasma membrane structure, which will in turn affect the photosynthesis of leaves, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, hinder the transport of organic matter, and affect the growth and development of tobacco. When the drought monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it will automatically start the drive component 2 to unfold the protective layer 2 16 and / or automatically start the drive component 1 to raise the protective layer 1 13 and / or automatically start the flexible photovoltaic layer 22 to generate electricity and store it in the power storage unit and / or water it through the water storage unit; When the temperature and humidity do not reach the threshold, the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16 need to be completely closed, that is, the bag 19 is filled with water to water the tobacco plants to ensure normal water absorption and prevent a large amount of water evaporation; When the temperature and humidity reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16 to prevent transpiration, that is, a proper amount of water is injected into the bag 19, and the amount of water injected is linearly correlated with the warning result of the drought monitoring and control module; Specifically, during droughts, the temperature is usually higher and the light is stronger, which is suitable for solar power generation; Specifically, when the precipitation is lower than a certain threshold, the drought monitoring and control module determines that it is a drought; soil moisture is also an important basis for judging drought. When the soil moisture is low, it is difficult for plants to absorb enough water, resulting in stunted crop growth. When the soil moisture is lower than a certain threshold, plant growth and yield will be seriously affected, thereby affecting the stability and production capacity of the entire ecosystem. Therefore, it is very important to provide water to tobacco, which can be cooled in time by spraying water through an atomizing nozzle, or spraying through a sprinkler head connected to a water storage unit; Specifically, tobacco is not afraid of exposure to sunlight, but should be avoided from being exposed to direct sunlight. The protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 can effectively shield the tobacco from strong light, preventing the tobacco from rapidly losing water and affecting its growth.

[0040] Method three: Floods will cause a significant decrease in the root activity of tobacco plants. Under flooded conditions, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration intensity, root activity and potassium content of tobacco plants will be seriously affected, especially during the root extension period. Flooding will cause a significant decrease in these physiological indicators, resulting in the growth of tobacco plants being hindered; under flooded conditions, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration intensity, stomatal conductance, etc. of tobacco plants will decrease significantly, resulting in obstructed photosynthesis, affecting the growth and development of tobacco. When the flood monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component two to unfold the protective layer two 16 and / or automatically starts the drive component one to raise the protective layer one 13. The top, side or full cover of the tobacco plant can be performed as needed; When the rainfall sensor monitors that the rainfall reaches a threshold value, it is necessary to completely close the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16, that is, fill the bag 19 with water; When the rainfall does not reach the threshold, a gap can be left on the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16 to allow normal water to pass through, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag 19, and the amount of water injected is linearly correlated with the warning result of the flood monitoring and control module to maintain normal water absorption, and then the rainwater is collected into the water storage unit through the water flow trough 20; Method 4: Heavy rains can cause water accumulation in the fields, affecting drainage of tobacco fields, which in turn causes oxygen deficiency in the roots of tobacco seedlings, causing them to wilt or even die. When the thunderstorm monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component 2 to unfold the protective layer 2 16 and / or automatically starts the drive component 1 to raise the protective layer 1 13, generating electrical energy through the induction coil and storing it in the power storage unit; There are three specific conditions for thunderstorms to occur: high humidity in the lower zone of the Earth's atmosphere, a great temperature difference between the upper and lower atmospheres, and a cold front being forced to converge by external forces; When the temperature and humidity sensor in the thunderstorm monitoring and control module reaches the set threshold, the driving component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 16 and / or the driving component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 13 to shield the tobacco and prevent the thunderstorm from damaging the tobacco; at the same time, in thunderstorm weather, a huge impact lightning current will be generated when lightning discharges, which will produce a rapidly changing strong magnetic field in the surrounding space. Using the principle of electromagnetic induction, current is generated by the coil set on the protective layer 2 16 and stored in the power storage unit in time.

[0041] Method 5: Frost will cause the intercellular water of tobacco plants to freeze, and the protoplasm and vacuoles in the cells will gradually dehydrate and solidify, causing the cells to die. When thawing, the ice in the intercellular space melts into water and evaporates quickly, and the protoplasm loses water, causing the plants to dry out. When the frost monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component 2 to unfold the protective layer 2 16, automatically starts the drive component 1 to raise the protective layer 1 13, and the atomizing nozzle sprays to form a frost layer on the protective layer 2 16 and the protective layer 1 13; When the frost layer needs to be thawed, the heating unit is started, and the melted water enters the water storage unit through the water flow trough 20 to form an artificial frost layer, thereby improving the sealing effect of the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16, so that the tobacco plants in the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 can be effectively isolated from the external cold air, so that a microclimate environment is formed in the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 to prevent the temperature of the ground and the tobacco plant canopy from being lost.

[0042] Method 6: Hail can damage tobacco leaves, destroy soil structure, and extend the growth cycle. Hail can cause scars, damage, or even breakage on tobacco leaves, seriously affecting the quality and yield of tobacco leaves. In addition, hail may change the soil structure, affect the air permeability and water retention of the soil, and thus have an adverse effect on the growth environment of tobacco plants. Tobacco plants may take longer to recover after the disaster, which may delay normal picking and processing time. When the hail monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component 2 to unfold the protective layer 2 16 and automatically starts the drive component 1 to raise the protective layer 1 13. The hail collected on the protective layer 2 16 passes through the heating unit to melt water through the water flow trough 20 into the water storage unit. The protective layers 13 and 16 effectively prevent hail from hitting the tobacco plants and affecting the growth of the tobacco plants.

[0043] Example 2, as a preferred implementation, is different from Example 1 in that when strong winds, floods, and thunderstorms occur at the same time, multiple response methods can be activated simultaneously, combining Method 1, Method 3, and Method 4. Method 1: Because tobacco plants are tall and have large and tender leaves, strong winds above level 5 will cause great harm to tobacco, especially the middle of the leaves. Strong winds will cause friction between the leaves, causing damage to the leaves and the appearance of brown spots, affecting the color and quality of the tobacco leaves. In severe cases, the tobacco plants may even be blown down or broken, seriously affecting the yield and quality of the tobacco leaves. When the strong wind monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts drive component 1 and drive component 2, protective layer 13 rises, and protective layer 2 16 unfolds to form a nearly closed space, protecting the tobacco plants in the closed space, and the bag 19 absorbs water from the water storage unit; When the wind force reaches the threshold, the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 need to be completely closed, that is, the bag 19 is filled with water to prevent the strong wind from affecting the tobacco plants in time; When the wind force does not reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16. The amount of water injected is linearly correlated with the warning result of the strong wind monitoring and control module, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag 19, and the bag 19 is not filled, so that there is a certain gap between the bag 19 and the grid 17, so that the tobacco plants can be properly ventilated. Good ventilation conditions can reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests. Ventilation can help eliminate humid environment and reduce the breeding of bacteria. At the same time, windmill 2 15 generates wind power.

[0044] Method three: Floods will cause a significant decrease in the root activity of tobacco plants. Under flooded conditions, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration intensity, root activity and potassium content of tobacco plants will be seriously affected, especially during the root extension period. Flooding will cause a significant decrease in these physiological indicators, resulting in the growth of tobacco plants being hindered; under flooded conditions, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration intensity, stomatal conductance, etc. of tobacco plants will decrease significantly, resulting in obstructed photosynthesis, affecting the growth and development of tobacco. When the flood monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component two to unfold the protective layer two 16 and / or automatically starts the drive component one to raise the protective layer one 13. The top, side or full cover of the tobacco plant can be performed as needed; When the rainfall sensor monitors that the rainfall reaches a threshold value, it is necessary to completely close the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16, that is, fill the bag 19 with water; When the rainfall does not reach the threshold, a gap can be left on the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16 to allow normal water to pass through, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag 19, and the amount of water injected is linearly correlated with the warning result of the flood monitoring and control module to maintain normal water absorption, and then the rainwater is collected into the water storage unit through the water flow trough 20; Method 4: Heavy rains can cause water accumulation in the fields, affecting drainage of tobacco fields, which in turn causes oxygen deficiency in the roots of tobacco seedlings, causing them to wilt or even die. When the thunderstorm monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component 2 to unfold the protective layer 2 16 and / or automatically starts the drive component 1 to raise the protective layer 1 13, generating electrical energy through the induction coil and storing it in the power storage unit; There are three specific conditions for thunderstorms to occur: high humidity in the lower zone of the Earth's atmosphere, a great temperature difference between the upper and lower atmospheres, and a cold front being forced to converge by external forces; When the temperature and humidity sensor in the thunderstorm monitoring and control module reaches the set threshold, the driving component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 16 and / or the driving component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 13 to shield the tobacco and prevent the thunderstorm from damaging the tobacco; at the same time, in thunderstorm weather, a huge impact lightning current will be generated when lightning discharges, which will produce a rapidly changing strong magnetic field in the surrounding space. Using the principle of electromagnetic induction, current is generated by the coil set on the protective layer 2 16 and stored in the power storage unit in time.

[0045] Example 3, as a preferred implementation, is different from Example 1 and Example 2 in that when drought and hail weather occur at the same time, multiple coping methods can be activated at the same time, combining Method 2 and Method 5. Method 2: Drought will cause the water metabolism of tobacco plants to weaken and the cell's protoplasmic membrane structure to be damaged, thereby affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, leading to accelerated decomposition of organic matter, obstructed organic matter transport, and affecting the growth and development of tobacco. When the drought monitoring and control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component 2 to unfold the protective layer 2 16 and / or automatically starts the drive component 1 to raise the protective layer 13 and / or automatically starts the flexible photovoltaic layer 22 to generate electricity and store it in the power storage unit and / or water it through the water storage unit; When the temperature and humidity do not reach the threshold, the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16 need to be completely closed, that is, the bag 19 is filled with water to water the tobacco plants to ensure normal water absorption and prevent a large amount of water evaporation; When the temperature and humidity reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 13 and / or the protective layer 2 16 to prevent transpiration, and the amount of water injected is linearly correlated with the warning result of the drought monitoring and control module, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag 19; Specifically, during droughts, the temperature is usually higher and the light is stronger, which is suitable for solar power generation; Specifically, when the precipitation is lower than a certain threshold, the drought monitoring and control module determines that it is a drought; soil moisture is also an important basis for judging drought. When the soil moisture is low, it is difficult for plants to absorb enough water, resulting in stunted crop growth. When the soil moisture is lower than a certain threshold, plant growth and yield will be seriously affected, thereby affecting the stability and production capacity of the entire ecosystem. Therefore, it is very important to provide water to tobacco, which can be cooled in time by spraying water through an atomizing nozzle, or spraying through a sprinkler head connected to a water storage unit; Specifically, tobacco is not afraid of exposure to sunlight, but should be avoided from being exposed to direct sunlight. The protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 can effectively shield the tobacco from strong light, preventing the tobacco from rapidly losing water and affecting its growth.

[0046] Method 5: Frost will cause the intercellular water of tobacco plants to freeze, and the protoplasm and vacuoles in the cells will gradually dehydrate and solidify, causing the cells to die. When thawing, the ice in the intercellular space melts into water and evaporates quickly, and the protoplasm loses water, causing the plants to dry out. When the frost monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, it automatically starts the drive component 2 to unfold the protective layer 2 16, automatically starts the drive component 1 to raise the protective layer 1 13, and the atomizing nozzle sprays to form a frost layer on the protective layer 2 16 and the protective layer 1 13; When the frost layer needs to be thawed, the heating unit is started, and the melted water enters the water storage unit through the water flow trough 20 to form an artificial frost layer, thereby improving the sealing effect of the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16, so that the tobacco plants in the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 can be effectively isolated from the external cold air, so that a microclimate environment is formed in the protective layer 13 and the protective layer 2 16 to prevent the temperature of the ground and the tobacco plant canopy from being lost.

[0047] Example 4, as a preferred implementation, is different from Examples 1 to 3 in that when different weather conditions occur, different control modules can monitor different warning results and initiate different response methods or combine different response methods.

[0048] The details not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0049] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features and beneficial effects of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting, characterized by: It includes a strong wind monitoring and control module, a drought monitoring and control module, a flood monitoring and control module, a thunderstorm monitoring and control module, a frost monitoring and control module, and a hail monitoring and control module. The strong wind monitoring and control module, the drought monitoring and control module, the flood monitoring and control module, the thunderstorm monitoring and control module, the frost monitoring and control module, and the hail monitoring and control module are all connected to a protective device, and the protective device includes a vertical protective unit arranged on the side of the tobacco and a horizontal protective unit arranged on the top surface of the tobacco.

2. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical protection unit comprises a protection layer 1 (13) arranged between a vertical rod 1 (11) and a vertical rod 2 (12) and raised and lowered by a driving component 1, wherein the protection layer 1 (13) is wound up in cooperation with a pulley block through a pull rope, the driving component 1 comprises a windmill 1 (14) arranged on the vertical rod 1 (11) and the vertical rod 2 (12), the protection layer 1 (13) is raised and lowered as the windmill 1 (14) rotates, the vertical rod 1 (11) and the vertical rod 2 (12) are provided with a windmill 2 (15), the windmill 2 (15) is connected to a power storage unit, the driving component 1 further comprises a lifting unit connected to the pull rope, and when the wind force reaches a threshold value and the windmill 1 (14) stops working, the lifting unit starts.

3. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transverse protection unit comprises a second protection layer (16) which is arranged between a first crossbar (31) and a second crossbar (32) and is moved by a second drive assembly, wherein the sliders (21) on both sides of the second protection layer (16) are slidably matched with the slide rails of the first crossbar (31) and the second crossbar (32), and the second drive assembly is connected to a wind sensor.

4. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The protective layer 1 (13) and the protective layer 2 (16) are both in a grid shape, and each grid (17) is provided with a bag (19) with a water inlet and outlet (18), and the water inlet and outlet (18) are connected to a water storage unit. When the bag (19) is full of water, the bag (19) fills the inside of the grid (17); when the bag (19) is not full of water, a gap is left between the bag (19) and the grid (17).

5. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pocket (19) is arranged in a grid column formed by a plurality of grids (17), and a flexible photovoltaic layer (22) is arranged in a grid column adjacent to the pocket (19).

6. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water flow trough (20) is provided between adjacent grids (17), and the water flow trough (20) is connected to the water storage unit.

7. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The thunderstorm monitoring control module comprises an induction coil arranged on the protective device, and the induction coil is connected to the power storage unit.

8. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The frost monitoring control module comprises an atomizing nozzle connected to the bag (19); when the humidity and temperature sensor monitors a threshold value, the atomizing nozzle absorbs water from the bag (19) and sprays it.

9. The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The protective layer 1 (13) and the protective layer 2 (16) are both provided with a heating unit.

10. An application method of a meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting, characterized in that: The meteorological disaster prevention and control system for safe tobacco planting according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used as follows: Method 1: When the high wind monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the driving component 1 and the driving component 2 are automatically started, the protective layer 1 (13) rises, the protective layer 2 (16) unfolds, and the bag (19) absorbs water from the water storage unit. When the wind force reaches the threshold, the protective layer 1 (13) and the protective layer 2 (16) need to be completely closed, that is, the bag (19) is filled with water. When the wind force does not reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 1 (13) and the protective layer 2 (16), that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag (19), and at the same time, the windmill 2 (15) generates wind power; Method 2: When the drought monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the driving component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 (16) and / or the driving component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 1 (13) and / or the flexible photovoltaic layer (22) is automatically started to generate electricity and store it in the power storage unit and / or water it through the water storage unit. When the temperature and humidity do not reach the threshold, the protective layer 1 (13) and / or the protective layer 2 (16) need to be completely closed, that is, the bag (19) is filled with water. When the temperature and humidity reach the threshold, ventilation gaps can be left on the protective layer 1 (13) and / or the protective layer 2 (16) to prevent transpiration, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag (19); Method three: When the flood monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the driving component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 (16) and / or the driving component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 1 (13). When the rainfall reaches the threshold, the protective layer 1 (13) and / or the protective layer 2 (16) need to be completely closed, that is, the bag (19) is filled with water. When the rainfall does not reach the threshold, a gap can be left on the protective layer 1 (13) and / or the protective layer 2 (16) to allow normal water to pass through, that is, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the bag (19), and then the rainwater is collected into the water storage unit through the water flow trough (20); Method 4: When the thunderstorm monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the driving component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 (16) and / or the driving component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 1 (13), and electric energy is generated through the induction coil and stored in the power storage unit; Method 5: When the frost monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the second driving component is automatically started to unfold the second protective layer (16), and the first driving component is automatically started to raise the first protective layer (13), and the atomizing nozzle sprays to form a frost layer on the second protective layer (16) and the first protective layer (13). When thawing is required, the heating unit is started, and the melted water enters the water storage unit through the water flow trough (20); Method 6: When the hail monitoring control module detects that the execution index is met, the drive component 2 is automatically started to unfold the protective layer 2 (16), and the drive component 1 is automatically started to raise the protective layer 1 (13). The hail collected on the protective layer 2 (16) is melted by the heating unit, and the melted water enters the water storage unit through the water flow trough (20).

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