Production method of matrix core raw material

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of a matrix core raw material, which comprises the following steps: by taking wood wastes such as battens, barks, garden branches and the like abandoned in the papermaking industry as main raw materials, soaking, cooking and fiberizing the main raw materials, directly using the main raw materials, and adding auxiliary materials and fermented cow dung, mixing, standing and fermenting, compressing into blocks and the like, thereby obtaining the matrix core raw material. An environment-friendly matrix core raw material is prepared. Compared with wood blocks commonly used in the papermaking industry, the bark and the branches which are not mature contain nutrient substances such as hemicellulose, pectin and fructose in more proportions, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the substrate is improved, and the substrate can be used as a seedling substrate and a cultivation substrate to replace most of traditional turf resources; the environment burden is reduced. In addition, existing equipment in the papermaking industry is fully utilized, the equipment utilization rate is increased, the application range of papermaking waste is expanded, and remarkable environmental protection benefits and economic values are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to a method for producing a matrix core raw material. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural planting and horticultural cultivation, substrate materials are important supports for plant seedling cultivation and growth. Traditional substrate materials, such as peat, have long been widely used due to their excellent water retention, air permeability and nutrient storage capacity. However, peat is a non-renewable resource, and its mining will lead to the destruction of wetland ecosystems and cause serious environmental problems. With the global emphasis on sustainable agriculture and environmental protection, finding alternatives to peat has become an urgent task.

[0003] In the prior art, some researchers have tried to use agricultural waste (such as rice straw, stalks, fruit tree prunings, etc.) and animal manure (such as cow dung, pig dung, etc.) to replace peat. However, these materials usually have the following problems: first, the physical and chemical properties of the raw materials are unstable, and it is difficult to ensure the uniformity and quality of the matrix; second, the initial treatment process of the waste is complicated, and it takes multiple steps to obtain the matrix material that meets the requirements, which increases the production cost; third, the prepared matrix material still has a gap compared with peat in terms of water retention, air permeability and nutrient supply.

[0004] Therefore, developing a new matrix material that can effectively utilize agricultural waste and renewable resources and has stable physical and chemical properties, which can not only reduce the negative impact on the environment but also achieve or exceed the effect of peat in seedling cultivation and cultivation, is a major challenge in the current development of agricultural science and technology.

[0005] In addition, in the process of exploring new substrates, it was found that the heat grinders, grinding and dividing machines, tearing machines and other equipment commonly used in the papermaking industry have the potential to convert agricultural waste (such as bark, branches, etc.) into fiber materials suitable for substrates due to their efficient fiberization processing capabilities. In theory, these equipment can not only process the raw materials used in traditional papermaking processes, but also be used to process agricultural waste that cannot be used for papermaking. Therefore, the reuse of equipment in the papermaking industry meets the needs of today's sustainable development. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for producing a matrix core raw material.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for producing a matrix core raw material of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0009] One or more of wood strips, branches, bark, miscellaneous wood, softwood and hardwood are selected as raw materials for use; this step emphasizes the diversity of raw materials and shows that the process has strong adaptability.

[0010] The raw materials are soaked for 480-1440 minutes to soften the fibers; the purpose of soaking is to soften the wood fibers in the raw materials and reduce their toughness to facilitate subsequent cooking and fiberization. The soaking time is set to 480-1440 minutes, which is determined based on the density, water content and fiber structure of the wood. If the soaking time is too short, the fibers are not softened sufficiently, which may affect the efficiency of subsequent steps; if the soaking time is too long, the soluble components in the wood may be lost excessively, affecting the quality of the final product. During the soaking process, water gradually penetrates into the interior of the wood, causing the fibers to swell, making them easier to handle.

[0011] Since wood fibers without heat treatment generally contain strong phytotoxicity, including malic acid, citric acid, quinine, etc., when the content is greater than 1.0 ml, germination will be severely inhibited, and not only nitrogen fixation (yellow seedlings) will occur, but also wilting and death will occur. Therefore, a soaking step is set to steam the soaked raw materials and keep boiling for 10-30 minutes to further soften the fibers and promote their decomposition; steaming is to heat the soaked raw materials under high temperature conditions to further soften the wood fibers. The steaming time range is 10-30 minutes, mainly depending on the type of raw materials and the softness after soaking. The steaming process accelerates the decomposition of the fibers through high temperature, so that the fiber bundles in the wood are gradually separated. This step has a direct impact on the quality of fiberization. Too long or too short a steaming time will affect the strength and toughness of the fibers. In addition, the steam generated during boiling also plays a certain disinfecting role to ensure the hygiene of the final product.

[0012] The steamed raw materials are semi-dried, and the temperature is gradually increased from 50℃ to 100℃ by staged heating to avoid damaging the fiber structure of the raw materials during rapid drying, so that the moisture content of the materials is reduced to 70%-80%; drying is to reduce the moisture content of the raw materials to a state suitable for fiberization. The staged heating is to avoid the destruction of the fiber structure caused by rapid drying. If heated to a high temperature at one time, the moisture in the wood will evaporate quickly, which may cause the fiber to crack or deform. Therefore, the temperature is gradually increased from 50℃ to 100℃ in stages to allow the moisture to evaporate in an orderly manner and ensure that the fiber remains intact. The process requires strict control of temperature and drying time to ensure that the raw materials have appropriate flexibility and moisture content after drying.

[0013] The raw materials after drying are divided into three fiber sizes of fine, medium and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:2-3:1-2, and the raw materials are respectively fiberized to form three fiber sizes of fine, medium and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:1-2; or the raw materials are respectively fiberized to form two fiber sizes of fine and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:1-2; the process of obtaining fine fibers by fiberization is to heat-grind the raw materials after drying by a hot mill to obtain fine fibers, whose fiber length is less than 0.1-1 cm and whose diameter is less than 0.1 cm; the process of obtaining medium fibers by fiberization is to process the raw materials after drying by a double-helix grinding and dividing machine to obtain medium fibers, whose fiber length is 1-3 cm and whose diameter is 0.1-0.2 cm; the process of obtaining coarse fibers by fiberization is to process the raw materials after drying by a double-crankshaft tearing machine to obtain coarse fibers, whose fiber length is 3-5 cm and whose diameter is less than 0.4 cm;

[0014] Fiberization is a key step in the process and determines the physical properties of the final matrix material. The proportion of fine, medium and coarse fibers is mainly to take into account different functional requirements in the product, and the proportion can be adjusted according to the specific application. For example, fine fibers have good water absorption and density, which are suitable for lightweight matrix materials, while coarse fibers have good air permeability and support, which are suitable for matrices that require larger porosity. The fibers are processed by different equipment such as thermal mills, double helix grinding and splitting machines and double crankshaft tearing machines to ensure that the fiberization process can be carried out evenly and efficiently, and the fiber size is adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw materials.

[0015] The fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment are mixed evenly to obtain the matrix core raw material. The three types of fibers, fine, medium and coarse, are mixed evenly in proportion to achieve the versatility of the matrix material. The combination of different fiber sizes can ensure that the produced matrix core raw material can be successfully dispersed and opened, while having good air permeability. This mixing process needs to ensure that different fibers will not be stratified or agglomerated due to size differences. The final matrix core raw material is homogenized through mixing equipment so that it has good water absorption, air permeability and mechanical strength in physical properties, and is suitable for a variety of agricultural and horticultural applications, such as seedling cultivation, cultivation matrix, etc. The uniform mixing of fibers ensures the stability and consistency of the product.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps of the above-mentioned process of obtaining fine fibers by dimensionalization are as follows:

[0017] The dried raw materials are sent from the storage bin to the hot mill;

[0018] Adjust the feed inlet and processing temperature of the hot refiner to a level suitable for fiberization processing, maintaining it at 90-120°C;

[0019] In the hot mill, the raw materials are ground by high-speed rotating grinding discs or grinding rollers; the gap between the grinding discs and grinding rollers is adjusted so that the raw materials are quickly ground at a higher temperature to ensure the fiberization effect;

[0020] During the hot grinding process, the raw material fibers are gradually ground into fine fibers through friction and high temperature, with a fiber length of less than 0.1-1 cm and a diameter of less than 0.1 cm;

[0021] After being processed by the thermorefiner, the fine fibers are cooled and collected in containers for further mixing and use.

[0022] The hot mill generates friction heat through the high-speed rotation of the grinding disc or grinding roller, which further refines the dried wood raw materials. The combination of high temperature and friction causes the fibers to be quickly ground and obtain fine fibers with a length of less than 0.1-1 cm and a diameter of less than 0.1 cm. In order to ensure the quality of the fine fibers, the gap between the grinding disc and the grinding roller needs to be precisely adjusted to avoid excessive grinding of the fibers. The processed fine fibers need to be cooled to prevent the temperature from being too high, which will cause the fibers to be over-dried or degraded.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific steps of the above-mentioned process of obtaining the medium fiber by dimensionalization are as follows:

[0024] Put the dried raw materials into the feed hopper of the double-helix grinding and dividing machine;

[0025] Adjust the grinding shaft of the wire separator so that the distance between the spiral shafts is appropriate to ensure that the raw materials can be effectively squeezed and torn when passing through;

[0026] The double helical shafts rub and separate the raw materials while rotating at high speed, making them fiberized. During this process, the fiber length is controlled at 1-3 cm and the diameter is controlled at 0.1-0.2 cm.

[0027] As the spiral advances, the raw material is gradually torn and split into fibers of medium length;

[0028] The separated middle fibers are conveyed to the collecting device through a conveyor belt to ensure that the fibers are not tangled;

[0029] The collected medium fibers are stored in the medium fiber silo, awaiting subsequent mixing and processing.

[0030] The processing of the medium fibers is done by a double helix grinding and separating machine. The separating machine is designed to squeeze and tear the raw materials through the high-speed rotation of the spiral shaft. The force of the double helix shaft not only ensures that the fibers are effectively separated, but also controls the fiber length to 1-3 cm and the diameter to 0.1-0.2 cm. Due to the long fibers, it is key to avoid tangling, so this step is usually equipped with a conveyor belt to ensure that the medium fibers are smoothly transported to the collection device.

[0031] Furthermore, the specific steps of the above-mentioned process of obtaining crude fiber by dimensionalization are as follows:

[0032] The dried raw materials are fed into the feeding port of the double crankshaft tearing machine through a conveyor belt;

[0033] When the tearing machine is started, the double crankshaft will rotate at a slower speed, while applying a larger shear force when the raw material enters the tearing zone;

[0034] The double crankshaft uses its high torque to initially tear the larger raw material blocks, and then continues to fiberize them to a coarser state through continuous squeezing and pulling, ultimately making the fiber length reach the range of 3-5 cm and the diameter less than 0.4 cm;

[0035] The tearing process is kept at a relatively slow speed to ensure that the fibers are not over-shredded and to maintain the length and structure of the coarse fibers;

[0036] The coarse fiber is transported from the tearing machine outlet to the vibrating screen to remove the incompletely torn bulk raw materials that may remain;

[0037] The processed crude fiber is collected in a container and awaits use in subsequent steps.

[0038] The processing of coarse fibers is completed by a double crankshaft tearing machine. The double crankshaft tearing machine tears the raw materials into coarse fibers with a length of 3-5 cm through slower rotation and greater shear force. The slower tearing speed is to protect the fiber structure and avoid excessive crushing. Coarse fibers usually play a supporting role in the matrix, so it is necessary to maintain a larger fiber length and structural integrity. The torn coarse fibers pass through a vibrating screen to remove incompletely processed raw materials to ensure the purity and uniformity of the fibers.

[0039] Further, before the step of mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fibrosis treatment, a step of adding cow dung can be set, and cow dung is added to the material at a ratio of 100-400 kg per ton. In this step, adding cow dung is not only to increase the organic components of the matrix, but also to enhance its fertilizer efficiency, so that the final matrix is ​​more suitable for plant growth. Cow dung, as a natural organic fertilizer, contains rich nutrients, including elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are essential for the root development and overall growth of plants. In addition, cow dung can release heat during the fermentation process, promote the reproduction of microorganisms, and help improve the microecological environment of the soil. The ratio of adding cow dung ranges from 100-400 kg per ton of material, which can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure that the mixing ratio of raw materials and cow dung is suitable for the growth needs of different plants.

[0040] Furthermore, before the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fibrosis treatment, a step of adding auxiliary materials to the material can be set, and the auxiliary materials include one or more of perlite, vermiculite, and peat. In this step, the purpose of adding auxiliary materials is to improve the physical properties of the matrix so that it has better drainage, air permeability and moisture retention. Perlite is a commonly used inorganic matrix material that can improve the drainage and air permeability of the matrix and effectively prevent root rot caused by excessive water accumulation in the root system. Vermiculite can improve the water retention capacity of the matrix and provide a certain air permeability while maintaining moisture, which is suitable for use in a relatively dry environment. Peat is a natural organic substance that can improve the moisture retention performance of the matrix and provide a continuous supply of nutrients for plants. According to the requirements of different plants for the matrix, one or more auxiliary materials can be flexibly selected and their addition amount can be controlled, while the principle of not using peat unless necessary is adopted to ensure the optimal performance of the final product.

[0041] Furthermore, after the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a static fermentation step may be provided, including the following steps:

[0042] The mixed raw materials are left to stand for 24 to 48 hours to ensure that the moisture in the mixed raw materials is evenly distributed, and the indoor humidity is controlled between 60% and 75% to prevent the raw materials from being overly dry or wet; in this step, the purpose of standing is to allow the moisture in the raw materials to be fully and evenly distributed. Since the previous treatment may cause uneven moisture content in raw materials in different areas, standing can rebalance the moisture in the materials. At the same time, humidity control is also crucial. Too high humidity may cause the raw materials to mold, while too low humidity may hinder the fermentation process and fail to produce sufficient microbial activity. The appropriate humidity range is 60% to 75%, which can be kept stable by regularly monitoring and adjusting the ambient humidity.

[0043] The mixed raw materials after standing are fermented to promote the activity of microorganisms and enhance their fertilizer efficiency. The fermentation process is carried out at a temperature of 20°C to 30°C and lasts for 3 to 7 days to fully decompose the organic components in the raw materials and enhance their fertilizer efficiency and stability. The fermentation process is one of the key steps to improve the fertilizer efficiency of the substrate. Under suitable temperature (20°C to 30°C) and humidity conditions, microorganisms can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, release more nutrients, and improve the fertilizer efficiency of the substrate. The control of fermentation time is also very important. 3 to 7 days is enough for most organic matter to decompose, while also ensuring that the microorganisms will not be overactive and affect the subsequent substrate performance. This fermentation process can also improve the stability of the substrate, making it less likely to decompose during use, thereby extending the service life of the substrate.

[0044] Furthermore, after the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a step of compressing the fibers into blocks may be provided, including using a compression device to compress the dried mixed raw materials into blocks with a density of 0.4 to 0.6 g / cm3 to ensure the stability and portability of the product during transportation and storage.

[0045] During the compression process, the mixed raw materials are compacted tightly to a density of 0.4 to 0.6 g / cm3 using a dedicated compression device. This not only helps save storage space, but also improves product stability and reduces damage that may occur during transportation. The compressed matrix blocks are easy to transport and store, especially for large-scale agricultural production or horticultural needs. Through compression, the physical properties of the matrix are also further enhanced, ensuring that it can evenly release water and nutrients during actual use and is not easy to disintegrate.

[0046] Furthermore, the method for using the matrix core raw material produced above can be used as the main raw material of seedling medium and cultivation medium; or used as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure and increase soil organic matter.

[0047] The core raw material of the matrix has the characteristics of multi-purpose, and can be mainly used for seedling cultivation and cultivation. As a seedling matrix, the fiber structure of the raw material and the appropriate additives can provide a good growth environment for the seedlings, ensure the balanced supply of water and nutrients, and promote the development of the root system and the healthy growth of the seedlings. As a cultivation matrix, the raw material has good water retention and air permeability, which can improve the overall performance of plant growth. In addition, it can also be used as a soil conditioner to help improve poor or poorly structured soils, increase the organic matter content in the soil, and improve the air permeability and moisture retention of the soil, thereby creating a more suitable growth environment for plants. This versatility gives the matrix raw material a wide range of application prospects in modern agriculture and horticulture.

[0048] When in use, since there are both large and small porosities in the matrix raw material, according to the size of crop seeds, the three fibers can be mixed (can replace 35% of the peat dosage), or used in combination of two, and the medium fiber can also be used alone.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0050] The present invention achieves efficient reuse of paper mill equipment by using existing equipment in the papermaking industry, especially equipment for fiberization. This not only prolongs the service life of paper mill equipment, but also reduces equipment depreciation costs, while providing new uses and processes for equipment in the papermaking industry. By applying these devices to the production of matrix core raw materials, the idleness problem of traditional papermaking equipment caused by market changes is solved, the utilization efficiency of the equipment is improved, and its economic benefits are enhanced.

[0051] At the same time, when producing paper pulp fibers for papermaking, a large amount of chemical raw materials and products such as caustic soda and bleaching powder must be used. With the improvement of environmental management level, manufacturers in some areas are prohibited from producing pulp. Therefore, using the method provided by the present invention to change the source of production raw materials and the direction of production products can reduce production costs, reduce social waste, and maintain more employment.

[0052] The present invention reduces the equipment investment cost for substrate production in the agricultural industry by reusing equipment in the papermaking industry. Since there is no need to purchase new special equipment, the overall cost of producing the core raw materials of the substrate can be greatly reduced. This can significantly reduce equipment investment and production and operation costs for agricultural enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, thereby improving their market competitiveness.

[0053] The present invention expands the selection of raw materials that can be used for substrate production, and provides a way to utilize a variety of raw materials including bark, branches, etc. These raw materials are difficult to utilize in the traditional process of the papermaking industry. Through this process, biological waste that was originally unusable can be converted into valuable substrate raw materials, thereby achieving effective recycling of resources. This not only enriches the source of raw materials for substrate production, but also reduces the processing pressure of agricultural and forestry waste, promotes the recycling of resources, and has important environmental and economic value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0055] Embodiment: A method for producing a matrix core raw material, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1: One or more of wood strips, branches, bark, miscellaneous wood, softwood and hardwood are selected as raw materials for use; this step emphasizes the diversity of raw materials and shows that the process has strong adaptability.

[0057] S2: Soak the raw materials for 480-1440 minutes to soften the fibers; the purpose of soaking is to soften the wood fibers in the raw materials and reduce their toughness to facilitate subsequent cooking and fiberization. The soaking time is set to 480-1440 minutes, which is determined based on the density, water content and fiber structure of the wood. If the soaking time is too short, the fibers are not softened sufficiently, which may affect the efficiency of subsequent steps; if the soaking time is too long, the soluble components in the wood may be lost excessively, affecting the quality of the final product. During the soaking process, water gradually penetrates into the interior of the wood, causing the fibers to swell, making them easier to handle.

[0058] S3: Steam the soaked raw materials and keep boiling for 10-30 minutes to further soften the fibers and promote their decomposition; Steaming is to heat the soaked raw materials under high temperature conditions to further soften the wood fibers. The steaming time ranges from 10 to 30 minutes, mainly depending on the type of raw materials and the softness after soaking. The steaming process accelerates the decomposition of the fibers through high temperature, so that the fiber bundles in the wood are gradually separated. This step has a direct impact on the quality of fiberization. Too long or too short a steaming time will affect the strength and toughness of the fibers. In addition, the steam generated during boiling also plays a certain disinfecting role to ensure the hygiene of the final product.

[0059] S4: Semi-dry the raw materials after cooking, using segmented heating, gradually increasing the temperature from 50℃ to 100℃ to avoid damaging the fiber structure of the raw materials during rapid drying, and reduce the moisture content of the materials to 70%-80%; drying is to reduce the moisture content of the raw materials to a state suitable for fiberization. Segmented heating is to avoid damage to the fiber structure caused by rapid drying. If heated to a high temperature at one time, the moisture in the wood will evaporate quickly, which may cause the fiber to crack or deform. Therefore, the temperature is gradually increased from 50℃ to 100℃ in stages to allow the moisture to evaporate in an orderly manner and ensure that the fiber remains intact. This process requires strict control of temperature and drying time to ensure that the raw materials have appropriate flexibility and moisture content after drying.

[0060] S5: dividing the dried raw materials into three fiber sizes of fine, medium and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:2-3:1-2; or dividing the raw materials into two fiber sizes of fine and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:1-2; the process of obtaining fine fibers by fiberization is to heat-grind the dried raw materials through a hot mill to obtain fine fibers, whose fiber length is less than 0.1-1 cm and whose diameter is less than 0.1 cm; the process of obtaining medium fibers by fiberization is to process the dried raw materials through a double-helix grinding and dividing machine to obtain medium fibers, whose fiber length is 1-3 cm and whose diameter is 0.1-0.2 cm; the process of obtaining coarse fibers by fiberization is to process the dried raw materials through a double-crankshaft tearing machine to obtain coarse fibers, whose fiber length is 3-5 cm and whose diameter is less than 0.4 cm;

[0061] Fiberization is a key step in the process and determines the physical properties of the final matrix material. The proportion of fine, medium and coarse fibers is mainly to take into account different functional requirements in the product, and the proportion can be adjusted according to the specific application. For example, fine fibers have good water absorption and density, which are suitable for lightweight matrix materials, while coarse fibers have good air permeability and support, which are suitable for matrices that require larger porosity. The fibers are processed by different equipment such as thermal mills, double helix grinding and splitting machines and double crankshaft tearing machines to ensure that the fiberization process can be carried out evenly and efficiently, and the fiber size is adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw materials.

[0062] S6: Mix the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment evenly to obtain the matrix core raw material. The three types of fibers, fine, medium and coarse, are mixed evenly in proportion to achieve the versatility of the matrix material. The combination of different fiber sizes can ensure that the produced matrix core raw material can be successfully dispersed and opened while having good air permeability. This mixing process needs to ensure that different fibers will not be stratified or agglomerated due to size differences. The mixing equipment is used for homogenization treatment so that the final matrix core raw material has good water absorption, air permeability and mechanical strength in physical properties, and is suitable for a variety of agricultural and horticultural applications, such as seedling cultivation, cultivation substrates, etc. The uniform mixing of fibers ensures the stability and consistency of the product.

[0063] Furthermore, the specific steps of the above-mentioned process of obtaining fine fibers by dimensionalization are as follows:

[0064] S1: sending the dried raw materials from the storage bin to the hot mill;

[0065] S2: Adjust the feed port and processing temperature of the hot refiner to a level suitable for fiberization processing, maintaining at 90-120°C;

[0066] S3: In the hot mill, the raw material is ground by a high-speed rotating grinding disc or grinding roller; the gap between the grinding disc and the grinding roller is adjusted so that the raw material is quickly ground at a higher temperature to ensure the fiberization effect;

[0067] S4: During the hot grinding process, the raw material fibers are gradually ground into fine fibers through friction and high temperature, and the fiber length is less than 0.1-1 cm and the diameter is less than 0.1 cm;

[0068] S5: The fine fibers treated by the thermorefiner are cooled and collected into a container for further mixing and use.

[0069] The hot mill generates friction heat through the high-speed rotation of the grinding disc or grinding roller, which further refines the dried wood raw materials. The combination of high temperature and friction causes the fibers to be quickly ground and obtain fine fibers with a length of less than 0.1-1 cm and a diameter of less than 0.1 cm. In order to ensure the quality of the fine fibers, the gap between the grinding disc and the grinding roller needs to be precisely adjusted to avoid excessive grinding of the fibers. The processed fine fibers need to be cooled to prevent the temperature from being too high, which will cause the fibers to be over-dried or degraded.

[0070] Furthermore, the specific steps of the above-mentioned process of obtaining the medium fiber by dimensionalization are as follows:

[0071] S1: Put the dried raw materials into the feed hopper of the double-helix grinding and dividing machine;

[0072] S2: Adjust the grinding shaft of the wire dividing machine to make the distance between the spiral shafts moderate to ensure that the raw materials can be effectively squeezed and torn when passing through;

[0073] S3: The double helical shafts rub and separate the raw materials while rotating at high speed to make them fiberized; during this process, the fiber length is controlled at 1-3 cm and the diameter is controlled at 0.1-0.2 cm;

[0074] S4: As the spiral advances, the raw material is gradually torn and split into fibers of medium length;

[0075] S5: The separated middle fibers are conveyed to a collecting device through a conveyor belt to ensure that the fibers are not tangled;

[0076] S6: The collected medium fibers are stored in a medium fiber silo, waiting for subsequent mixing.

[0077] The processing of the medium fibers is done by a double helix grinding separator. The separator is designed to squeeze and tear the raw material through the high-speed rotation of the spiral shaft. The force of the double helix shaft not only ensures that the fibers are effectively separated, but also controls the fiber length within the range of 1-3 cm. Since the fibers are long, it is key to avoid knotting, so this step is usually equipped with a conveyor belt to ensure that the medium fibers are smoothly transported to the collection device.

[0078] Furthermore, the specific steps of the above-mentioned process of obtaining crude fiber by dimensionalization are as follows:

[0079] S1: The dried raw materials are fed into the feed port of the double crankshaft tearing machine through a conveyor belt;

[0080] S2: Start the tearing machine, the double crankshaft will rotate at a slower speed, and at the same time, a larger shear force will be applied when the raw material enters the tearing zone;

[0081] S3: The double crankshaft uses its large torque force to initially tear the larger raw material blocks, and continues to fiberize them to a coarser state through continuous extrusion and pulling, ultimately making the fiber length reach the range of 3-5 cm and the diameter less than 0.4 cm;

[0082] S4: The tearing process is kept at a relatively slow speed to ensure that the fibers are not over-crushed and to maintain the length and structure of the coarse fibers;

[0083] S5: The crude fiber is transported from the tearing machine outlet to the vibrating screen to remove the untorn bulk raw materials that may remain;

[0084] S6: The processed crude fibers are collected in a container and wait for use in subsequent steps.

[0085] The processing of coarse fibers is completed by a double crankshaft tearing machine. The double crankshaft tearing machine tears the raw materials into coarse fibers with a length of 3-5 cm through slower rotation and greater shear force. The slower tearing speed is to protect the fiber structure and avoid excessive crushing. Coarse fibers usually play a supporting role in the matrix, so it is necessary to maintain a larger fiber length and structural integrity. The torn coarse fibers pass through a vibrating screen to remove incompletely processed raw materials to ensure the purity and uniformity of the fibers.

[0086] Further, before the step of mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fibrosis treatment, a step of adding cow dung can be set, and cow dung is added to the material at a ratio of 100-400 kg per ton. In this step, adding cow dung is not only to increase the organic components of the matrix, but also to enhance its fertilizer efficiency, so that the final matrix is ​​more suitable for plant growth. Cow dung, as a natural organic fertilizer, contains rich nutrients, including elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are essential for the root development and overall growth of plants. In addition, cow dung can release heat during the fermentation process, promote the reproduction of microorganisms, and help improve the microecological environment of the soil. The ratio of adding cow dung ranges from 100-400 kg per ton of material, which can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure that the mixing ratio of raw materials and cow dung is suitable for the growth needs of different plants.

[0087] Furthermore, before the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fibrosis treatment, a step of adding auxiliary materials to the material can be set, and the auxiliary materials include one or more of perlite, vermiculite, and peat. In this step, the purpose of adding auxiliary materials is to improve the physical properties of the matrix so that it has better drainage, air permeability and moisture retention. Perlite is a commonly used inorganic matrix material that can improve the drainage and air permeability of the matrix and effectively prevent root rot caused by excessive water accumulation in the root system. Vermiculite can improve the water retention capacity of the matrix and provide a certain air permeability while maintaining moisture, which is suitable for use in a relatively dry environment. Peat is a natural organic substance that can improve the moisture retention performance of the matrix and provide a continuous supply of nutrients for plants. According to the requirements of different plants for the matrix, one or more auxiliary materials can be flexibly selected and their addition amount can be controlled, while the principle of not using peat unless necessary is adopted to ensure the optimal performance of the final product.

[0088] Furthermore, after the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a static fermentation step may be provided, including the following steps:

[0089] S1: The mixed raw materials are allowed to stand for 24 to 48 hours to ensure that the moisture in the mixed raw materials is evenly distributed, and the indoor humidity is controlled between 60% and 75% to prevent the raw materials from being overly dry or wet; in this step, the purpose of standing is to allow the moisture in the raw materials to be fully and evenly distributed. Since the previous treatment may cause uneven moisture content in raw materials in different areas, standing can rebalance the moisture in the materials. At the same time, humidity control is also crucial. Too high humidity may cause the raw materials to mold, while too low humidity may hinder the fermentation process and fail to produce sufficient microbial activity. The appropriate humidity range is 60% to 75%, which can be kept stable by regularly monitoring and adjusting the ambient humidity.

[0090] S2: The mixed raw materials after standing are fermented to promote the activity of microorganisms and enhance their fertilizer efficiency. The fermentation process is carried out at a temperature of 20°C to 30°C and lasts for 3 to 7 days to fully decompose the organic components in the raw materials and enhance their fertilizer efficiency and stability. The fermentation process is one of the key steps to improve the fertilizer efficiency of the substrate. Under suitable temperature (20°C to 30°C) and humidity conditions, microorganisms can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, release more nutrients, and improve the fertilizer efficiency of the substrate. The control of fermentation time is also very important. 3 to 7 days is enough for most organic matter to decompose, while also ensuring that the microorganisms will not be overactive and affect the subsequent substrate performance. This fermentation process can also improve the stability of the substrate, making it less likely to decompose during use, thereby extending the service life of the substrate.

[0091] Furthermore, after the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a step of compressing the fibers into blocks may be provided, including using a compression device to compress the dried mixed raw materials into blocks with a density of 0.4 to 0.6 g / cm3 to ensure the stability and portability of the product during transportation and storage.

[0092] During the compression process, the mixed raw materials are compacted tightly to a density of 0.4 to 0.6 g / cm3 using a dedicated compression device. This not only helps save storage space, but also improves product stability and reduces damage that may occur during transportation. The compressed matrix blocks are easy to transport and store, especially for large-scale agricultural production or horticultural needs. Through compression, the physical properties of the matrix are also further enhanced, ensuring that it can evenly release water and nutrients during actual use and is not easy to disintegrate.

[0093] Furthermore, the method for using the matrix core raw material produced above can be used as the main raw material of seedling medium and cultivation medium; or used as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure and increase soil organic matter.

[0094] The core raw material of the matrix has the characteristics of multi-purpose, and can be mainly used for seedling cultivation and cultivation. As a seedling matrix, the fiber structure of the raw material and the appropriate additives can provide a good growth environment for the seedlings, ensure the balanced supply of water and nutrients, and promote the development of the root system and the healthy growth of the seedlings. As a cultivation matrix, the raw material has good water retention and air permeability, which can improve the overall performance of plant growth. In addition, it can also be used as a soil conditioner to help improve poor or poorly structured soils, increase the organic matter content in the soil, and improve the air permeability and moisture retention of the soil, thereby creating a more suitable growth environment for plants. This versatility gives the matrix raw material a wide range of application prospects in modern agriculture and horticulture.

[0095] The operation examples are as follows:

[0096] Raw material selection: wood strips, bark and branches are selected as the main raw materials. They are combined in a ratio of 50% wood strips, 30% bark and 20% branches. These raw materials are waste or low-value by-products of the papermaking industry, with abundant resources and low prices.

[0097] Raw material soaking: soak the selected raw materials in clean water for 600 minutes to fully soften the wood fibers for subsequent processing.

[0098] Raw material cooking: put the soaked raw materials into the cooking equipment and keep boiling at 100°C for 20 minutes. This process further softens the fiber structure of the raw materials and promotes the partial decomposition of lignin and cellulose, improving the processability of the fiber.

[0099] Drying treatment: After steaming, the raw materials are dried. The segmented heating method is adopted, the initial temperature is set at 50℃, and the temperature is gradually increased to 100℃ to avoid damage to the fiber structure caused by rapid drying and ensure that the moisture content of the material is reduced to 70%-80%.

[0100] Fiberization treatment: the dried raw materials are subjected to fiberization treatment of fine fibers, medium fibers and coarse fibers in a ratio of 3:2:1:

[0101] Fine fiber processing: The raw materials are fed into a hot mill and ground by high-speed rotating grinding discs and rollers. The processing temperature is 100°C, and the fiber size is less than 0.1-1 cm in length and less than 0.1 cm in diameter.

[0102] Medium fiber processing: Use a double-helix grinding and dividing machine to grind part of the raw materials. The distance between the spiral axes is moderate. The size of the obtained medium fiber is 1-3 cm in length and 0.1-0.2 cm in diameter.

[0103] Coarse fiber processing: The remaining raw materials are torn by a double crankshaft tearing machine, and the fiber size is 3-5 cm in length and less than 0.4 cm in diameter.

[0104] Cow dung and auxiliary materials are added. After fiberization, 300 kg of cow dung is added per ton of material to enhance the fertilizer effect of the substrate. The cow dung is pre-treated to ensure that its organic components have been decomposed and have no odor. At the same time, 15% perlite is added as an auxiliary material to improve the water retention and air permeability of the substrate.

[0105] The mixing process fully mixes fine fibers, medium fibers, coarse fibers with cow dung and auxiliary materials to ensure that different fiber sizes and additives are evenly distributed to obtain the final matrix core raw material.

[0106] Static fermentation: the mixed raw materials are left to stand for 24 hours to ensure even distribution of moisture and control the indoor humidity to 65%. Subsequently, the fermentation process is carried out for 5 days at 20°C to promote microbial activity, decompose organic components and enhance the fertilizer effect of the substrate.

[0107] Compressed into blocks. After fermentation is completed, the raw materials are sent to the compression equipment and compressed into blocks with a density of 0.5 g / cubic centimeter for easy storage and transportation.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing a matrix core raw material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: One or more of wood strips, branches, bark, miscellaneous wood, softwood and hardwood are selected as raw materials for use; Soaking the raw materials for 480-1440 minutes to soften the fibers; Steam the soaked raw materials and keep boiling for 10-30 minutes to further soften the fiber and promote its decomposition; Dry the raw materials after cooking by adopting segmented heating, gradually increasing the temperature from 50℃ to 100℃ to avoid damaging the fiber structure of the raw materials during rapid drying, and reduce the moisture content of the materials to 70%-80%; The raw materials after drying are divided into three fiber sizes of fine, medium and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:2-3:1-2, and the raw materials are respectively fiberized to form three fiber sizes of fine, medium and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:1-2; or the raw materials are respectively fiberized to form two fiber sizes of fine and coarse according to the ratio of 3-5:1-2; the process of obtaining fine fibers by fiberization is to heat-grind the raw materials after drying by a hot mill to obtain fine fibers, whose fiber size length is less than 0.1-1 cm and whose diameter is less than 0.1 cm; the process of obtaining medium fibers by fiberization is to process the raw materials after drying by a double-helix grinding and dividing machine to obtain medium fibers, whose fiber size length is 1-3 cm and whose diameter is 0.1-0.2 cm; the process of obtaining coarse fibers by fiberization is to process the raw materials after drying by a double-crankshaft tearing machine to obtain coarse fibers, whose fiber size length is 3-5 cm and whose diameter is less than 0.4 cm; The fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment are mixed evenly to obtain the matrix core raw material.

2. The method for producing a matrix core material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the process of obtaining fine fibers by fiberization are as follows: The dried raw materials are sent from the storage bin to the hot mill; Adjust the feed inlet and processing temperature of the hot refiner to a level suitable for fiberization processing, maintaining it at 90-120°C; In the hot mill, the raw materials are ground by high-speed rotating grinding discs or grinding rollers; the gap between the grinding discs and grinding rollers is adjusted so that the raw materials are quickly ground at a higher temperature to ensure the fiberization effect; During the hot grinding process, the raw material fibers are gradually ground into fine fibers through friction and high temperature, with a fiber length of less than 0.1-1 cm and a diameter of less than 0.1 cm; After being processed by the thermorefiner, the fine fibers are cooled and collected in containers for further mixing and use.

3. The method for producing a matrix core material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the process of obtaining medium fibers by fiberization are as follows: Put the dried raw materials into the feed hopper of the double-helix grinding and dividing machine; Adjust the grinding shaft of the wire separator so that the distance between the spiral shafts is appropriate to ensure that the raw materials can be effectively squeezed and torn when passing through; The double helical shafts rotate at high speeds to grind and separate the raw materials, making them fiberized. During this process, the fiber length is controlled at 1-3 cm. As the spiral advances, the raw material is gradually torn and split into fibers of medium length; The separated middle fibers are conveyed to the collecting device through a conveyor belt to ensure that the fibers are not tangled; The collected medium fibers are stored in the medium fiber silo, awaiting subsequent mixing and processing.

4. The method for producing a matrix core material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the process of obtaining crude fiber by dimensionalization are as follows: The dried raw materials are fed into the feeding port of the double crankshaft tearing machine through a conveyor belt; When the tearing machine is started, the double crankshaft will rotate at a slower speed, while applying a larger shear force when the raw material enters the tearing zone; The double crankshaft uses its high torque to initially tear the larger raw material blocks, and then continues to fiberize them to a coarser state through continuous squeezing and pulling, ultimately making the fiber length reach the range of 3-10 cm; The tearing process is kept at a relatively slow speed to ensure that the fibers are not over-shredded and to maintain the length and structure of the coarse fibers; The coarse fiber is transported from the tearing machine outlet to the vibrating screen to remove the incompletely torn bulk raw materials that may remain; The processed crude fiber is collected in a container and awaits use in subsequent steps.

5. The method for producing a matrix core material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Before the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a step of adding cow dung can be provided, and cow dung can be added to the material at a ratio of 100-400 kg per ton.

6. The method for producing a matrix core material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Before the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a step of adding auxiliary materials to the materials can be provided, and the auxiliary materials include one or more of perlite, vermiculite, and peat.

7. The method for producing a matrix core material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a step of static fermentation may be provided, comprising the following steps: The mixed raw materials are allowed to stand for 24 to 48 hours to ensure that the moisture in the mixed raw materials is evenly distributed, and the indoor humidity is controlled between 60% and 75% to prevent the raw materials from being overly dry or wet; The mixed raw materials after standing are fermented to promote the activity of microorganisms and enhance their fertilizer effect. The fermentation process is carried out at a temperature of 20°C to 30°C and lasts for 3 to 7 days to fully decompose the organic components in the raw materials and enhance their fertilizer effect and stability.

8. The method for producing a matrix core material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After the step of uniformly mixing the fibers of different sizes obtained after the fiberization treatment, a step of compressing the fibers into blocks may be provided, including using a compression device to compress the dried mixed raw materials into blocks with a density of 0.4 to 0.6 g / cm3 to ensure the stability and portability of the product during transportation and storage.

9. A method for using a matrix core material produced according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Used as the main raw material for seedling medium and cultivation medium; used as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure and increase soil organic matter.