Water circulation filtering nitration cup

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and ornamental aquarium culture, and particularly relates to culture water body filtering and biochemical purification equipment. The water quality of a water body is very important for aquaculture and aquarium fish culture, and water body circulating filtration and purification equipment is generally adopted in an aquarium fish tank, a small circulating aquaculture system and a fish and vegetable symbiotic system. An independent nitration filtering system is designed according to the capacity of a culture water body, the feeding amount of feed and the density of organisms such as fish cultured in the water body, ordinary people cannot master and manufacture the independent nitration filtering system easily, the independent nitration filtering system is generally designed and manufactured by professional manufacturers in a matched mode, and although the reasonably designed independent nitration filtering system is good in purification effect, the independent nitration filtering system is inconvenient to clean and maintain. An independent external filter barrel is poor in expansibility, not compact enough in structure and not convenient to mount, dismount and wash, in addition, ceramic microporous filter materials commonly adopted by the two existing filter systems are high in price, and the use cost of the filter system is increased. Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the built-in water circulation filtering nitration cup which is low in cost, convenient to mount and clean and lower in use energy consumption, and can be conveniently expanded according to different scales of aquaculture water bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and ornamental aquatic breeding, and in particular relates to a breeding water filtering and biochemical purification device. Background Art

[0002] The water quality of water bodies is very important for aquaculture and aquarium ornamental fish farming. Water body circulation filtration and purification equipment is widely used in ornamental fish tanks, small-scale recirculating water aquaculture systems, and fish-vegetable symbiotic systems. The purpose is to filter the feces of aquatic products, and use the filter material in the filtration system as a microbial carrier to cultivate nitrifying bacteria and degrade the ammonia nitrogen excreted into the water body by fish and other aquatic products. At present, aquarium fish tanks and small fish ponds for recirculating water aquaculture generally use independent filtration and purification systems. Taking aquarium fish tanks as an example, an independent filtration system is usually installed at the bottom of the fish tank. The water in the fish tank is circulated by an independent water pump, and the water containing fish feces in the fish tank is filtered out through the filter cotton and filter bags in the fish tank filter. Porous ceramic filter materials are usually placed in the filtration system as a carrier for cultivating nitrifying bacteria. Nitrifying bacteria convert the toxic ammonia nitrogen of fish in the water into non-toxic nitrates through nitrification reaction to achieve the purpose of purifying water quality. In addition, there are also fish tank filtration systems designed as independent filtration nitrification barrels, which are connected to external water pumps. The water in the fish tank is filtered and nitrified by the filter nitrification barrel and then returned to the fish tank through the water pump. The filter nitrification system of a small recirculating aquaculture system is similar to this. An independent filter nitrification system needs to be designed to purify the water. Otherwise, as impurities accumulate in the water and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen increases, it will cause the death of fish, shrimp and other organisms cultured in the water.

[0003] The independent nitrification filtration system is designed according to the capacity of the aquaculture water body, the amount of feed fed, and the density of aquaculture fish and other organisms. It is not easy for ordinary people to master and make it. It is generally designed and made by professional manufacturers. Although a well-designed independent nitrification filtration system has a better purification effect, it is not convenient to clean and maintain. The independent external filter barrel has poor scalability, the structure is not compact enough, and it is not convenient to install and disassemble. In addition, the ceramic microporous filter material commonly used in the existing two filtration systems is relatively expensive, which increases the use cost of the filtration system.

[0004] Independent nitrification filtration systems and external nitrification filter barrels are relatively expensive and are generally installed at the bottom of the fish tank. The water pump that provides water circulation power requires a high head, and the circulating water pump needs to provide greater power. The water pump of the purification and filtration system is turned on 24 hours a day, resulting in a large consumption of electricity.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a built-in water circulation filtering nitrification cup which is low in cost, easy to install and clean, and has lower energy consumption, and can be easily expanded according to different scales of aquaculture water bodies. Summary of the invention

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention designs a compact and low-cost filtering nitrification cup, which has good functions of filtering fish feces and nitrifying and degrading ammonia nitrogen, and can be conveniently connected to a water pump in aquaculture water. The filtering nitrification cup can be directly placed in aquaculture water such as a fish tank, saving installation space. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0007] The built-in water circulation filter cup of the present invention is an integrally sealed mechanism. The water inlet at the lower end of the filter cup is directly connected to the water pump and can be placed in a fish tank or aquaculture water body. The water inlet at the bottom of the filter cup and the water outlet at the top adopt the caliber of the current universal standard of water supply pipes, which can be conveniently connected to the water outlet of the water pump and the water inlet of the pipeline. The filter cup can be placed in the fish tank to save installation space. The water inlet and the water outlet adopt universal plastic water pipe interface components, which are usually PVC material with standard caliber internal threads and external threads directly, so as to conveniently connect to water pipes of different calibers. The internal threads and external threads directly pass through the cup cover and the bottom of the cup body with a central opening, and are screwed tight by threads and then sealed with rubber. The sealing ring seals the overall sealing. The seal of the cup cover and the bottom of the cup body adopts a buckle sealing structure (such as a sealed milk tea cup made of PET material). The cup cover and cup body with threads can also be used to seal by tightening. The threaded sealing structure requires the cup cover and the cup body to have thicker wall thickness. After the cup cover and the cup body of the threaded sealing structure are tightened and sealed, the filter cup has higher strength and longer service life than the filter cup with a buckle structure, but the manufacturing cost is higher. The filter cup with a buckle structure and a threaded screw structure can be easily opened to facilitate regular cleaning of the filter material and the fish feces contained in the cup. The way the cup cover and the cup body are sealed can be selected according to the use requirements of the filter cup. The filter material is placed in the cup to filter impurities such as fish feces in the water body, and as a carrier of microorganisms, it provides a good environment for microbial biofilm. The cup body is generally made of transparent plastic material, which is convenient for observing the accumulation of organic impurities such as fish feces in the cup to determine whether it is necessary to open and clean the inside of the cup body and the filter material. The structure and component installation of the filter nitrification cup are shown in the figure.

[0008] The filter material built into the filter cup is a fluidized bed filler (MBBR) series filter material (such as K1, K2). This filter material is made of high molecular polymer (such as polyethylene, polypropylene) and has an oblate porous structure. The density of the filter material is less than that of water, and it has a very large specific surface area (the specific surface area can reach more than 600). It has good hydrophilicity, high biological activity, fast biofilm formation, and high nitrification reaction efficiency. When the filter cup is passed through water, the density of the filter material is less than that of water, and the filter material floats up. The filter material will accumulate near the water outlet on the top of the filter cup, naturally forming an efficient filtration structure. The porous structure of the filter material ensures that water can flow through the filter material smoothly, but it can block most impurities such as fish feces. Since the density of fish feces is greater than that of water, the fish feces will settle to the bottom of the cup with the vortex of water after being blocked by the filter material, and a part of it will hang on the surface of the filter material. When there is a lot of fish feces accumulated in the cup, the water permeability of the filter material decreases. At this time, the cup cover can be opened to clean the filter material and clean the fish feces in the cup, so as to facilitate the daily maintenance of the filter nitrification cup. After the filter material in the cup is cleaned, the filter nitrification cup can regain good filtering and nitrification capabilities. The geometric structure characteristics of the high specific surface area of ​​the fluidized bed filler (MBBR) and the physical properties of the floating filter material are important factors for the filter nitrification cup to obtain the performance of both efficient water permeability and fish feces filtration.

[0009] After testing, it was found that the filtration and nitrification effect of the filtration nitrification cup is better when the capacity of the MBBR filter material in the cup is about 2 / 3 of the cup volume, rather than when it fills the entire filter cup.

[0010] Multiple filtering and nitrification cups can be used in parallel to obtain greater filtering and nitrification effects. According to the actual needs of the water body, multiple nitrification filtering cups can be installed in parallel and connected to a water pump at the bottom and a circulating water circuit at the top, so that the installation and use can be very flexibly adapted to the filtering and nitrification needs of aquaculture water bodies of different volumes, solving the problem that different aquaculture water bodies need to design filtering and nitrification systems of different capacities separately, greatly reducing the manufacturing and use costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is the overall schematic diagram of the filter nitrification cup; Figure 2 This is the assembly diagram of the filter nitrification cup; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of installing a water pump on the filter nitrification cup and connecting the upper water pipeline; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of multiple filter nitrification cups installed in parallel; Figure 5 This is an example of multiple filter nitrification cups installed in parallel in a small aquaponics system.

[0012] In the picture: 1. External thread; 2. Sealing ring; 3. Cup cover; 4. Internal thread; 5. Cup body; 6. MBBR filter material; 7. Fish tank; 8. Water pump; 9. Filter nitrification cup; 10. Aquaponics planting rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 This is an example of multiple filtering nitrification cups installed in parallel in a small fish-vegetable symbiotic system. The small fish-vegetable symbiotic system is a form of recirculating water farming, which consists of a fish tank 7, a fish-vegetable symbiotic planting rack 10, a filtering nitrification cup 9, and a water pump 8. Fish are raised in the fish tank 7, and the water pump 8 pumps the water for fish farming into the fish-vegetable symbiotic planting rack 10 through the water pump 8. Fish feces and other excrement are used as nutrients for plants and absorbed by plants. The water for fish farming needs to filter the fish feces. In this actual application case, the parallel filtering nitrification cups 9 are installed at the rear end of the water pump. After the water flows through the filtering nitrification cups 9, the fish feces are filtered, and the ammonia nitrogen in the water is filtered through the nitrification reaction. The microorganisms in the nitrification cups 9 degrade it into nitrate to provide nutrients for the plants. The nitrification filter cup 9 is directly connected to the PVC water pipe, which is easy to install and becomes the filtering nitrification system of the entire fish-vegetable symbiotic system. If the fish tank is enlarged or the fish farming density is increased, the number of parallel filtering nitrification cups 9 can be increased. Compared with the traditional technical solution of installing a filter tank or an external filter barrel at the bottom of the fish tank, this has the characteristics of low cost, suitability for fish tanks of different sizes and fish farming densities, and easy disassembly and maintenance.

[0015] The structure of the filter nitrification cup 9 system is very compact and can be hoisted in the fish tank, which can effectively utilize the space from the water surface to the top of the fish tank, making the structure of the circulating water fish farming system very compact. This filter nitrification cup system can be used to design a very compact circulating water farming system. Since the filter nitrification cup 9 system can be installed above the water pump near the system water inlet pipe, compared with an independent external filter nitrification system, the water pump head waste is small, so a smaller power water pump can meet the water circulation power needs of the entire system, thereby achieving significant energy saving effects.

Claims

1. A water circulation filtration nitrification cup, characterized in that An external threaded body 1, a sealing ring 2, a sealing cover 3, an internal threaded body 4, and a cup body 5 with a central hole at the bottom are sequentially assembled in a central axis to form a sealed cup body with water passing through the upper and lower parts, and a filter material 6 is placed in the cup body.

2. The filter material 6 described in claim 1 is made of a polymer plastic material with a density lower than that of water, has a porous oblate shape and has a very large specific surface area.

3. The interface diameters of the external threaded pipe 1 and the internal threaded pipe 4 described in claim 1 adopt the universal standard water supply pipe diameter.

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