An automatic control system and method for dense medium separation

Abstract

The present application provides a heavy medium beneficiation automatic control system and method, which collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in a heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient of the heavy medium suspension; determine the first dynamic change characteristics of target mineral particles according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at each axial velocity, and determine the second dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at each radial velocity; determine the separation degree of the target mineral particles by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics with the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation; and control the valve opening degree of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation degree. The above solution can balance the separation of target mineral particles under the influence of the fluctuation of the feed flow rate of the heavy medium suspension based on the separation degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of mining machinery equipment. More specifically, this application relates to an automatic control system and method for dense medium separation. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrial automation and intelligence, dense medium separation control has become the key to improving the separation efficiency and accuracy. The core of dense medium separation lies in using a dense medium with a density between that of valuable minerals and waste rocks to achieve effective separation of minerals. Usually, a dense medium cyclone is used to separate mineral particles. Traditional dense medium separation relies on manual experience and regular sampling analysis, making it difficult to achieve real-time control, resulting in limited separation efficiency and accuracy. Modern dense medium cyclones can, through integrating sensors, an automatic adjustment system, and advanced algorithms, monitor and adjust key parameters such as the density and flow rate of the dense medium in real time to ensure the stability and high efficiency of the separation process.

[0003] In the existing dense medium separation control, the dense medium separation control realizes efficient separation of minerals by controlling the density and flow rate of the dense medium liquid. The dense medium usually consists of high-density particles (such as magnetite powder) suspended in water, and its density can be precisely adjusted according to the separation requirements. The control system dynamically adjusts the feeding amount of the dense medium by online monitoring the states such as the dense medium density and pulp concentration, thereby ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the separation process. However, in the automatic control of dense medium separation, fluctuations in the feeding flow rate of the dense medium suspension will cause changes in the flow field inside the dense medium cyclone, resulting in changes in the radial velocity and axial velocity inside the dense medium cyclone, damaging the separation balance of target mineral particles, and thus reducing the separation accuracy of target mineral particles. Therefore, how to achieve separation balance of target mineral particles under the influence of fluctuations in the feeding flow rate of the dense medium suspension and thus improve the separation accuracy of target mineral particles has become a difficult problem faced by the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an automatic control system and method for dense medium separation, which can achieve separation balance of target mineral particles under the influence of fluctuations in the feeding flow rate of the dense medium suspension, thereby improving the separation accuracy of target mineral particles.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an automatic control method for dense medium separation, including the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the calibrated flow rate of the dense medium suspension when the dense medium cyclone separates target mineral particles;

[0007] In the process of separating target mineral particles, increase the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from the initial flow rate gradient to the calibrated flow rate, and collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient;

[0008] Determine the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex region according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at each axial velocity, and determine the second dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the outer vortex region according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at each radial velocity;

[0009] Calculate the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation in the heavy medium cyclone, and determine the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics and the centrifugal coefficient;

[0010] Control the valve opening of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation degree.

[0011] In some embodiments, obtaining the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles specifically includes:

[0012] Obtain the flow rate log of the heavy medium suspension during the process of the heavy medium cyclone separating the target mineral particles;

[0013] Extract the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the particle size distribution of the target mineral particles is greater than the particle size distribution stability threshold from the flow rate log as the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles.

[0014] In some embodiments, collecting the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient specifically includes:

[0015] Set an axial velocity sensor and a radial velocity sensor in the inner vortex region and the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone respectively;

[0016] After each increase in the flow rate gradient, collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone through the axial velocity sensor and the radial velocity sensor respectively.

[0017] In some embodiments, determining the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex region according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at each axial velocity specifically includes:

[0018] Fit all the axial velocities to obtain an axial velocity fitting curve;

[0019] Based on the axial velocity fitting curve, eliminate abnormal axial velocities from all the axial velocities to obtain a confidence axial velocity sequence;

[0020] Select a confidence axial velocity from the confidence axial velocity sequence as the selected axial velocity, and collect density data of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity. Based on the density data, construct a first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity;

[0021] Continue to construct the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the remaining axial velocities;

[0022] Perform fusion analysis on all the first density field distributions to obtain the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner swirl region.

[0023] In some embodiments, calculating the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone during rotation specifically includes:

[0024] Collect the rotational angular velocity of the heavy medium cyclone;

[0025] Based on the rotational angular velocity, the rotational radius of the heavy medium cyclone, and the initial feed mass of the target mineral particles, calculate the centrifugal acceleration of the target mineral particles;

[0026] Calculate the ratio of the centrifugal acceleration to the gravitational acceleration of the target mineral particles to obtain the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone during rotation.

[0027] In some embodiments, the heavy medium cyclone is a cylindrical-conical heavy medium cyclone.

[0028] In some embodiments, the heavy medium suspension is a mixture composed of liquid and solid particles.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides an automatic control system for heavy medium beneficiation, including:

[0030] An acquisition module for acquiring the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles;

[0031] A processing module, configured to increase the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from an initial flow rate gradient to the calibrated flow rate during the separation of target mineral particles, and collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient;

[0032] The processing module is further configured to determine the first dynamic change characteristics when the target mineral particles are separated in the inner vortex region according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at each axial velocity, and determine the second dynamic change characteristics when the target mineral particles are separated in the outer vortex region according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at each radial velocity;

[0033] The processing module is further configured to calculate the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation in the heavy medium cyclone, and determine the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics and the centrifugal coefficient;

[0034] An execution module, configured to control the valve opening degree of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation degree.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the above-mentioned automatic control method for heavy medium beneficiation.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned automatic control method for heavy medium beneficiation is implemented.

[0037] The technical solutions provided by the disclosed embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0038] In the automatic control system and method for dense medium separation provided by this application, first, the calibrated flow rate of the dense medium suspension when the dense medium cyclone separates target mineral particles is obtained; secondly, during the separation of the target mineral particles, the flow rate of the dense medium suspension is increased from the initial flow rate gradient to the calibrated flow rate, and the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the dense medium cyclone are collected each time the flow rate gradient is increased; further, the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex region are determined through the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the dense medium cyclone at various axial velocities, and the second dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the outer vortex region are determined according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the dense medium cyclone at various radial velocities; then, the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation in the dense medium cyclone is calculated, and the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the dense medium cyclone is determined by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics and the centrifugal coefficient; finally, the valve opening of the inlet of the dense medium suspension in the dense medium cyclone is controlled based on the separation degree.

[0039] Thus, this application can balance the separation of target mineral particles under the influence of fluctuations in the feed flow rate of the dense medium suspension, thereby improving the separation accuracy of the target mineral particles; first, the calibrated flow rate of the dense medium suspension when the dense medium cyclone separates target mineral particles is obtained to provide conditions for effective quality control and standardized production of mineral particles; secondly, the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the dense medium cyclone are collected each time the flow rate gradient of the dense medium suspension is increased to analyze the particle size distribution characteristics of the target mineral particles in the outer vortex region and the inner vortex region, to reveal the distribution trend of particles with different particle sizes, and further to provide a basis for optimizing the particle separation quality, thereby avoiding the influence of separation imbalance caused by fluctuations in the feed flow rate of the dense medium suspension; further, the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex region and the second dynamic change characteristics during separation in the outer vortex region are determined to evaluate whether the fluid flow in the dense medium cyclone meets the expectations, and then to optimize the fluid flow state, adjust the flow rate of the dense medium cyclone, thereby improving the separation efficiency and separation quality of the mineral particles; then, the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the dense medium cyclone is determined by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics and the centrifugal coefficient; finally, the valve opening of the inlet of the dense medium suspension in the dense medium cyclone is controlled based on the separation degree. In summary, the technical solution provided by this application can balance the separation of target mineral particles under the influence of fluctuations in the feed flow rate of the dense medium suspension, thereby improving the separation accuracy of the target mineral particles. Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 is an exemplary flowchart of the automatic control method for dense medium separation according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dense medium cyclone according to some embodiments of the present application

[0042] Figure 3 is an exemplary flowchart of determining the calibration flow rate according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic control system for dense medium separation according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for implementing the automatic control method for dense medium separation according to some embodiments of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] For a better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0046] Refer to Figure 1 , this figure is an exemplary flowchart of the automatic control method for dense medium separation according to some embodiments of the present application. The automatic control method 100 for dense medium separation mainly includes the following steps:

[0047] In step 101, obtain the calibration flow rate of the dense medium suspension when the dense medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles.

[0048] It should be noted that in the present application, the dense medium cyclone is a beneficiation device for separating solid particles of different densities. The dense medium cyclone is a cylindrical-conical dense medium cyclone, and its working principle is based on centrifugal force and density difference to achieve the separation of mineral particles. The dense medium cyclone mainly consists of a dense medium suspension inlet, a valve at the dense medium suspension inlet, a feed inlet, an overflow outlet, a bottom outlet, and a connecting pipe. Refer to Figure 2 , this figure is a schematic structural diagram of the dense medium cyclone according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0049] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 shown, this figure is an exemplary flowchart of determining the calibration flow rate according to some embodiments of the present application. In this embodiment, the calibration flow rate of the dense medium suspension when the dense medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles can be achieved by the following steps:

[0050] First, in step 1011, obtain the flow rate log of the heavy medium suspension during the separation of target mineral particles by the heavy medium cyclone;

[0051] Then, in step 1012, extract the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the particle size distribution of the target mineral particles is greater than the particle size distribution stability threshold from the flow rate log as the calibration flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles.

[0052] In specific implementation, first, obtain the flow rate log of the heavy medium suspension during the separation of target mineral particles from the heavy medium separation control database. The flow rate log represents the flow rate dataset of the heavy medium suspension flowing through the heavy medium cyclone, and the flow rate log contains the flow rate information of the heavy medium suspension entering the heavy medium cyclone at different time points. Then, obtain the particle size distribution of the target mineral particles corresponding to each flow rate of the heavy medium suspension in the flow rate log through a laser particle size analyzer, and extract the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the particle size distribution of the target mineral particles is greater than the particle size distribution stability threshold as the calibration flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles.

[0053] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the particle size distribution represents the degree of dispersion of the target mineral particles in terms of size; the particle size distribution stability threshold in this embodiment represents a preset steady-state particle size distribution, which is used to screen the calibration flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles, and can be specifically set according to actual needs, and is not limited here.

[0054] It should also be noted that the calibration flow rate in this application represents a set standard flow rate value, that is, under the preset working conditions, the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension flowing through the cyclone after precise measurement. This calibration flow rate is the standard flow rate value recommended by the heavy medium cyclone under the best working performance, and is used as a reference flow rate to measure and control the normal operation of the heavy medium cyclone. By obtaining the calibration flow rate, conditions are provided for effectively controlling the quality of mineral particles and standardized production. In addition, the heavy medium suspension in this application is a mixture composed of liquid and solid particles.

[0055] In step 102, during the separation of the target mineral particles, increase the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from the initial flow rate gradient to the calibration flow rate, and collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient.

[0056] In some embodiments, during the separation of the target mineral particles, increasing the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from the initial flow rate gradient to the calibration flow rate can be specifically implemented by the following steps, that is:

[0057] Set the initial flow rate and flow rate gradient value of the heavy medium suspension when separating the target mineral particles;

[0058] During the separation of the target mineral particles, increase the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from the initial flow rate to the calibrated flow rate according to the magnitude of the flow rate gradient value.

[0059] Specifically, first, set the initial flow rate and flow rate gradient value during the separation of the target mineral particles through a heavy medium suspension flow rate regulating device (such as a control valve) and a flow rate sensor. The initial flow rate represents the initial flow rate value of the heavy medium suspension, and the flow rate gradient value represents the increment of the heavy medium suspension flow rate adjustment. Then, according to the magnitude of the flow rate gradient value, gradually increase the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from the initial flow rate through the heavy medium suspension flow rate regulating device until the calibrated flow rate is reached.

[0060] It should be noted that in this application, the inner swirl region in the heavy medium cyclone refers to the position region near the swirl axis during the fluid movement inside the heavy medium cyclone. In this region, the fluid mainly flows axially, showing a relatively high axial velocity. In the inner swirl region, the light particles and fine particles in the heavy medium suspension tend to be guided to the overflow outlet of the cyclone due to the relatively small centrifugal force and the strong upward flow. In this application, the outer swirl region in the heavy medium cyclone refers to the position region near the wall during the fluid movement inside the heavy medium cyclone. The fluid in this region mainly moves radially, showing a relatively high radial velocity. In the outer swirl region, the heavier particles in the heavy medium suspension tend to be pushed towards the wall due to the relatively large centrifugal force and move downward along the cone direction of the cyclone, and finally are discharged from the underflow port. The fluid refers to the mixture of the heavy medium suspension and the target mineral particles.

[0061] In some embodiments, the following steps can be specifically adopted to collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner swirl region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer swirl region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient, that is:

[0062] Respectively set an axial velocity sensor and a radial velocity sensor in the inner swirl region and the outer swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone;

[0063] After each increase in the flow rate gradient, collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner swirl region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer swirl region in the heavy medium cyclone through the axial velocity sensor and the radial velocity sensor respectively.

[0064] In specific implementation, first, an axial velocity sensor and a radial velocity sensor are respectively arranged in the inner vortex flow region and the outer vortex flow region of the heavy medium cyclone; then, after each increase in the flow rate gradient, the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex flow region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex flow region in the heavy medium cyclone are respectively collected through the axial velocity sensor and the radial velocity sensor.

[0065] It should be noted that in this application, the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex flow region represents the velocity of the fluid flowing along the axis direction of the heavy medium cyclone. By accurately measuring the axial velocity, the movement trajectory of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone can be effectively analyzed, so as to evaluate the separation efficiency of light particles and heavy particles; the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex flow region in this application represents the velocity of the fluid flowing in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the heavy medium cyclone. By determining the radial velocity, the ability of the heavy medium cyclone to push heavy particles to the wall for centrifugal separation can be evaluated, which helps to determine the particle size distribution characteristics of the target mineral particles in the outer vortex flow region, so as to reveal the distribution trend of particles with different particle sizes in the radial direction, and thus provide a basis for optimizing the particle separation quality.

[0066] In step 103, the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex flow region are determined according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at various axial velocities, and the second dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the outer vortex flow region are determined according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at various radial velocities.

[0067] In some embodiments, the specific steps for determining the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex flow region according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at various axial velocities can be as follows:

[0068] Fit all the axial velocities to obtain an axial velocity fitting curve;

[0069] Based on the axial velocity fitting curve, abnormal axial velocities are excluded from all the axial velocities to obtain a confidence axial velocity sequence;

[0070] Select a confidence axial velocity from the confidence axial velocity sequence as the selected axial velocity, and collect the density data of the fluid in the inner vortex flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity. Based on the density data, the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity is constructed;

[0071] Continue to construct the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at the remaining axial velocities;

[0072] Fuse and analyze all the first density field distributions, and then obtain the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner swirl region.

[0073] When specifically implemented, first, use the least squares method to fit all the axial velocities to obtain an axial velocity fitting curve, where the axial velocity fitting curve represents the curve obtained by fitting the axial velocities; second, based on the axial velocity fitting curve, eliminate the abnormal axial velocities from all the axial velocities to obtain a confidence axial velocity sequence, that is: calculate the absolute difference between each fitted axial velocity on the axial velocity fitting curve and the original axial velocity to obtain the fitting deviation value of each axial velocity, extract and eliminate the axial velocities corresponding to the fitting deviation values greater than the deviation threshold, and arrange the remaining axial velocities in order to obtain a confidence axial velocity sequence. The fitting deviation value represents the deviation amount between the fitted axial velocity and the original axial velocity, and the confidence axial velocity sequence represents a set of effective axial velocities; further, select a confidence axial velocity in the confidence axial velocity sequence as the selected axial velocity, and collect the density data of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity through a density sensor. Then, based on the density data, construct the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity, that is: based on the density data, use computational fluid dynamics simulation software to construct the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity. For example, use CFD software, that is, take each density value and its corresponding position in the density data as input parameters and input them into the computational fluid dynamics simulation software, and the computational fluid dynamics simulation software constructs the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity; then, continue to construct the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the remaining axial velocities through the implementation method of "constructing the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity based on the density data"; finally, use the weighted average method in data fusion technology to fuse and analyze all the first density field distributions, and then obtain the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner swirl region, that is: assign different weights to each first density field distribution (such as setting weights based on the reliability factors of the hydrodynamic model), and calculate a weighted average density field distribution from each weighted first density field distribution, calculate the density mean value of the calculated weighted average density field distribution, and use the density mean value calculation result as the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner swirl region.

[0074] It should be noted that in this application, the first density field distribution represents the density distribution information of the fluid in the inner swirl region, and the density field distribution reflects the flow characteristics of the fluid inside the cyclone; the first dynamic change feature in this application represents the behavioral characteristics of the target mineral particles changing dynamically in the inner swirl region, and the first dynamic change feature reflects the motion state of the target mineral particles inside the inner swirl region. Since the flow of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone is not uniform, the change of the density field of the fluid helps to reveal the motion state of the fluid in the inner swirl region. By analyzing the first density field distribution to obtain the first dynamic change feature, it is possible to evaluate whether the fluid flow in the heavy medium cyclone meets the expectations and whether there are poor flow regions such as dead zones or vortices in the inner swirl region, and then optimize the fluid flow state and adjust the operating parameters such as the flow rate and pressure of the heavy medium cyclone, thereby improving the separation efficiency and separation quality of the mineral particles.

[0075] In some embodiments, to determine the second dynamic change feature when the target mineral particles are separated in the outer swirl region according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at each radial velocity, the following steps can be specifically adopted, that is:

[0076] Fit all the radial velocities to obtain a radial velocity fitting curve;

[0077] Based on the radial velocity fitting curve, eliminate the abnormal radial velocities from all the radial velocities to obtain a confidence radial velocity sequence;

[0078] Select a confidence radial velocity from the confidence radial velocity sequence as the selected radial velocity, and collect the density data of the fluid in the outer swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected radial velocity. Based on the density data, construct the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected radial velocity;

[0079] Continue to construct the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at the remaining radial velocities;

[0080] Perform a fusion analysis on all the second density field distributions, and then obtain the second dynamic change feature when the target mineral particles are separated in the outer swirl region.

[0081] In specific implementation, first, the least squares method is used to fit all radial velocities to obtain a radial velocity fitting curve, where the radial velocity fitting curve represents the curve obtained by fitting the radial velocities; second, based on the radial velocity fitting curve, abnormal radial velocities are removed from all the radial velocities to obtain a confidence radial velocity sequence, that is: the absolute difference between each fitted radial velocity on the radial velocity fitting curve and the original radial velocity is calculated to obtain the fitting deviation value of each radial velocity, the radial velocities corresponding to the fitting deviation values greater than the deviation threshold are extracted and removed, and the remaining radial velocities are arranged in order to obtain a confidence radial velocity sequence, where the fitting deviation value represents the deviation amount between the fitted radial velocity and the original radial velocity, and the confidence radial velocity sequence represents a set of effective radial velocities; further, a confidence radial velocity in the confidence radial velocity sequence is selected as the selected radial velocity, and the density data of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected radial velocity is collected by a density sensor. Then, based on the density data, a second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected radial velocity is constructed, that is: based on the density data, computational fluid dynamics simulation software is used to construct a second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected radial velocity. For example, using CFD software, each density value and its corresponding position in the density data are used as input parameters and input into the computational fluid dynamics simulation software, and the computational fluid dynamics simulation software constructs a second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected radial velocity; then, the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the remaining radial velocities is continuously constructed by the implementation method of "constructing a second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected radial velocity based on the density data"; finally, the weighted average method in data fusion technology is used to fuse and analyze all the second density field distributions, and further obtain the second dynamic change characteristics when the target mineral particles are separated in the outer vortex region, that is: different weights are assigned to each second density field distribution (such as setting weights based on the reliability factors of the hydrodynamic model), and a weighted average density field distribution is calculated from each weighted second density field distribution. The density mean value of the calculated weighted average density field distribution is calculated, and the density mean value calculation result is used as the second dynamic change characteristics when the target mineral particles are separated in the outer vortex region.

[0082] It should be noted that the second density field distribution in the present application represents the density distribution information of the fluid in the outer cyclone zone, and the density field distribution reflects the flow characteristics of the fluid inside the cyclone; the second dynamic change characteristic in the present application represents the dynamic change behavior characteristics of the target mineral particles in the outer cyclone zone, and the second dynamic change characteristic reflects the motion state of the target mineral particles inside the outer cyclone zone. Since the flow of the fluid in the outer cyclone zone in the heavy medium cyclone is not uniform, the density field change of the fluid helps to reveal the motion state of the target mineral particles in the outer cyclone zone. By analyzing the second density field distribution to obtain the second dynamic change characteristic, it is possible to evaluate whether the fluid flow of the heavy medium cyclone meets expectations, whether there are dead zones or vortices and other poor flow areas in the outer cyclone zone, and then optimize the flow state of the fluid, adjust the flow rate, pressure and other operating parameters of the heavy medium cyclone, thereby improving the sorting efficiency and separation quality of the mineral particles.

[0083] In step 104, the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone during the rotation process is calculated, and the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone is determined by combining the first dynamic change characteristic, the second dynamic change characteristic and the centrifugal coefficient.

[0084] In some embodiments, the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles in the dense medium cyclone during the rotation process can be calculated by the following steps, namely:

[0085] collecting the rotational angular velocity of the heavy medium cyclone;

[0086] The centrifugal acceleration of the target mineral particles is calculated based on the rotational angular velocity, the rotation radius of the heavy medium cyclone and the initial feed mass of the target mineral particles;

[0087] The centrifugal acceleration is calculated as a ratio to the gravitational acceleration of the target mineral particles to obtain the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone during the rotation process.

[0088] In a specific implementation, first, a rotation sensor in the heavy medium cyclone is used to collect the rotational angular velocity of the heavy medium cyclone, where the rotational angular velocity represents the rate at which the fluid rotates around the central axis of the heavy medium cyclone. Then, the centrifugal acceleration of the target mineral particles is calculated using a centrifugal force formula by knowing the rotational angular velocity, the rotation radius of the heavy medium cyclone, and the initial feed mass of the target mineral particles. The centrifugal acceleration represents the acceleration of the target mineral particles in the rotational motion. Finally, the ratio of the centrifugal acceleration to the gravitational acceleration of the target mineral particles is calculated to obtain the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone during the rotation process, where the gravitational acceleration of the target mineral particles is.

[0089] It should be noted that in this application, the centrifugal coefficient represents a measure of the centrifugation degree of target mineral particles during rotation. The centrifugal coefficient reflects the relative relationship between the centrifugal force received by the target mineral particles during rotation and their own weight. The larger the centrifugal coefficient, the stronger the centrifugal force received by the target mineral particles during rotation, and vice versa. In a heavy medium cyclone, the centrifugal coefficient plays a decisive role. A larger centrifugal coefficient means that the centrifugal force of mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone has a greater impact on particle movement, which helps in particle separation. By controlling the centrifugal coefficient, the separation efficiency of the heavy medium cyclone for mineral particles can be effectively improved.

[0090] In some embodiments, to determine the separation degree of target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone by combining the first dynamic change feature, the second dynamic change feature and the centrifugal coefficient, the following steps can be specifically adopted, that is:

[0091] Conduct a steady-state analysis of the separation of target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone according to the first dynamic change feature and the second dynamic change feature to obtain the separation stability of the target mineral particles;

[0092] Determine the separation degree of target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation stability and the centrifugal coefficient.

[0093] Specifically, when implemented, first, conduct a steady-state analysis of the separation of target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone according to the first dynamic change feature and the second dynamic change feature to obtain the separation stability of the target mineral particles, that is: perform a weighted sum of the first dynamic change feature and the second dynamic change feature, and use the result of the weighted sum as the separation stability of the target mineral particles. Among them, the weights of the first dynamic change feature and the second dynamic change feature can be set to 0.57 and 0.43 respectively. In addition, it can also be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. The separation stability represents the stability degree of target mineral particles during the separation process. By determining the separation stability, it can be ensured that the separation process can proceed stably under different operating conditions, thereby improving the separation accuracy; then, determine the separation degree of target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation stability and the centrifugal coefficient, that is: perform a product calculation of the separation stability and the centrifugal coefficient, and use the result of the product calculation as the separation degree of target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone. In addition, in other embodiments, other calculation methods can also be used to calculate the separation degree of target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone, which is not limited here.

[0094] It should be noted that in this application, the separation degree is an index for measuring the separation degree of target mineral particles. That is, the larger the separation degree, the greater the separation degree of the target mineral particles, and the smaller the separation degree, the smaller the separation degree of the target mineral particles. The separation degree is an important parameter for evaluating the efficiency of the sorting system. The separation degree determines the performance and sorting accuracy of the sorting equipment. In industrial applications, the separation degree affects the recovery rate of minerals, the quality of the final product, and the economic benefits of mine production. A higher separation degree means maximizing the utilization of resources in the sorting process, effectively improving the sorting effect, and reducing unnecessary energy waste and mineral losses.

[0095] In step 105, based on the separation degree, the valve opening of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone is controlled.

[0096] In some embodiments, controlling the valve opening of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation degree can be specifically implemented by the following steps, that is:

[0097] Compare the separation degree with the separation degree threshold. When the separation degree is less than the separation degree threshold, generate a valve opening signal for the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone from the absolute difference between the separation degree and the separation degree threshold, and control the valve opening size of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone by the valve opening signal. When the separation degree is greater than or equal to the separation degree threshold, no processing is performed.

[0098] In specific implementation, compare the separation degree with the separation degree threshold. When the separation degree is less than the separation degree threshold, it indicates that the effect of the current sorting process is not good. Generate a valve opening signal for the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone from the absolute difference between the separation degree and the separation degree threshold, and control the valve opening size of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone by the valve opening signal. For example, increase the valve opening. When the separation degree is greater than or equal to the separation degree threshold, it indicates that the sorting process has achieved the expected effect, and no processing is performed.

[0099] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the separation degree threshold represents a preset standard separation degree, which is used to judge whether the separation process is sufficient. If the separation degree is lower than this threshold, it indicates that the sorting process has not reached the expected effect, and it may be necessary to adjust the flow rate of the fluid or other control parameters. The separation degree threshold can be specifically set according to actual needs.

[0100] It should also be noted that in this embodiment, the valve opening signal represents a signal for adjusting the valve opening size of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone.

[0101] In addition, on the other hand of this application, in some embodiments, this application provides an automatic control system for heavy medium beneficiation. Refer to Figure 4, This figure is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy medium separation automatic control system according to some embodiments of the present application. The heavy medium separation automatic control system 200 includes: an acquisition module 201, a processing module 202, and an execution module 203, which are described as follows:

[0102] The acquisition module 201. In the present application, the acquisition module 201 is mainly used to acquire the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates target mineral particles.

[0103] The processing module 202. In the present application, the processing module 202 is mainly used to increase the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from an initial flow rate gradient to the calibrated flow rate during the separation of target mineral particles, and collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner swirl region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer swirl region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient.

[0104] The processing module

[0104] is also used to determine the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner swirl region according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at various axial velocities, and determine the second dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the outer swirl region according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer swirl region of the heavy medium cyclone at various radial velocities.

[0105] In addition, the processing module 202 is also used to calculate the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone during rotation, and determine the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics and the centrifugal coefficient.

[0106] The execution module 203. In the present application, the execution module 203 is mainly used to control the valve opening of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation degree.

[0107] In addition, the present application also provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the above-mentioned heavy medium separation automatic control method.

[0108] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 5 , This figure is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for implementing the heavy medium separation automatic control method according to some embodiments of the present application. The heavy medium separation automatic control method in the above embodiments can be implemented by Figure 5 the computer device shown. The computer device 300 includes at least one processor 301, a communication bus 302, a memory 303, and at least one communication interface 304.

[0109] The processor 301 can be a general - purpose central processing unit (CPU), or an application - specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more are used to control the execution of the heavy - medium separation automatic control method in this application.

[0110] The communication bus 302 can be used to transfer information between the above - mentioned components.

[0111] The memory 303 can be a read - only memory (ROM), or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random - access memory (RAM), or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions. It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read - only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read - only memory (CD ROM), or other optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu - ray discs, etc.), a magnetic disk, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory 303 can exist independently and be connected to the processor 301 through the communication bus 302. The memory 303 can also be integrated with the processor 301.

[0112] Among them, the memory 303 is used to store the program code for executing the solution of this application and is controlled by the processor 301 for execution. The processor 301 is used to execute the program code stored in the memory 303. The program code can include one or more software modules. The determination of the heavy - medium separation automatic control method in the above - mentioned embodiments can be implemented through one or more software modules in the program code of the processor 301 and the memory 303.

[0113] The communication interface 304, using any device such as a transceiver, is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.

[0114] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, a computer device may include multiple processors, and each of these processors may be a single-core (single CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi CPU) processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0115] The above-mentioned computer device may be a general-purpose computer device or a special-purpose computer device. In a specific implementation, the computer device may be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, a communication device, or an embedded device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of the computer device.

[0116] In addition, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned automatic control method for heavy medium beneficiation is implemented.

[0117] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0118] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An automatic control method for heavy medium separation, characterized in that The method includes the following steps: Obtain the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates target mineral particles; During the separation of the target mineral particles, increase the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from the initial flow rate gradient to the calibrated flow rate, and collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient; Determine the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex region according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at various axial velocities, and determine the second dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the outer vortex region according to the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at various radial velocities; Calculate the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation in the heavy medium cyclone, and determine the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics and the centrifugal coefficient; Control the valve opening of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation degree; Among them, obtaining the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates target mineral particles specifically includes: Obtain the flow rate log of the heavy medium suspension during the separation of the target mineral particles by the heavy medium cyclone; Extract the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the particle size distribution of the target mineral particles is greater than the particle size distribution stability threshold from the flow rate log as the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles; Among them, collecting the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient specifically includes: Respectively set an axial velocity sensor and a radial velocity sensor in the inner vortex region and the outer vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone; After each increase in the flow rate gradient, collect the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner vortex region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer vortex region in the heavy medium cyclone through the axial velocity sensor and the radial velocity sensor respectively; Among them, determining the first dynamic change characteristics of the target mineral particles during separation in the inner vortex region according to the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at various axial velocities specifically includes: Fit all the axial velocities to obtain an axial velocity fitting curve; Based on the axial velocity fitting curve, eliminate abnormal axial velocities from all the axial velocities to obtain a confidence axial velocity sequence; Select a confidence axial velocity in the confidence axial velocity sequence as the selected axial velocity, and collect the density data of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity, and construct the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the selected axial velocity based on the density data; Continue to construct the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner vortex region of the heavy medium cyclone at the remaining axial velocities; Fuse and analyze all the first density field distributions, and then obtain the first dynamic change characteristics when the target mineral particles are separated in the inner swirling flow region.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation in the heavy medium cyclone specifically includes: Collecting the rotational angular velocity of the heavy medium cyclone; Calculating the centrifugal acceleration of the target mineral particles based on the rotational angular velocity, the rotational radius of the heavy medium cyclone, and the initial feed mass of the target mineral particles; Calculating the ratio of the centrifugal acceleration to the gravitational acceleration of the target mineral particles to obtain the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation in the heavy medium cyclone.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heavy medium cyclone is a cylindrical-conical heavy medium cyclone.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The heavy medium suspension is a mixture composed of a liquid and solid particles.

5. An automatic control system for heavy medium separation ore dressing, which performs automatic control of heavy medium separation ore dressing by using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that, The system includes: An acquisition module for acquiring the calibrated flow rate of the heavy medium suspension when the heavy medium cyclone separates the target mineral particles; A processing module for, during the separation of the target mineral particles, increasing the flow rate of the heavy medium suspension from the initial flow rate gradient to the calibrated flow rate, and collecting the axial velocity of the fluid in the inner swirling flow region and the radial velocity of the fluid in the outer swirling flow region in the heavy medium cyclone after each increase in the flow rate gradient; The processing module is further configured to determine the first dynamic change characteristics when the target mineral particles are separated in the inner swirling flow region based on the first density field distribution of the fluid in the inner swirling flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at various axial velocities, and determine the second dynamic change characteristics when the target mineral particles are separated in the outer swirling flow region based on the second density field distribution of the fluid in the outer swirling flow region of the heavy medium cyclone at various radial velocities; The processing module is further configured to calculate the centrifugal coefficient of the target mineral particles during rotation in the heavy medium cyclone, and determine the separation degree of the target mineral particles in the heavy medium cyclone by combining the first dynamic change characteristics, the second dynamic change characteristics, and the centrifugal coefficient; An execution module for controlling the valve opening degree of the heavy medium suspension inlet in the heavy medium cyclone based on the separation degree.

6. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the automatic control method for heavy medium beneficiation according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the automatic control method for heavy medium beneficiation according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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