Folding elevator

Abstract

The folding elevator comprises a folding ladder and a mounting frame used for hanging the folding ladder to the top of the interior of a containing cabin, a folding frame of the folding ladder is formed by hinging a long connecting rod pair in the middle and short connecting rod pairs at the two ends, and the middle of each long connecting rod pair is hinged to the end of each short connecting rod pair through a pin shaft; a slide way is arranged on the mounting frame, the slide way comprises a horizontal first slide way and an inclined second slide way, a first pin shaft between the long connecting rod pair is in sliding connection with the slide way through a first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is connected with a driving mechanism; a second pin shaft located at the top of the folding ladder and between the short connecting rod pairs is rotationally connected with the mounting frame through a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod in sequence; the driving mechanism pushes the first connecting rod to slide along the slide way, the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are driven by the first connecting rod to push the folding ladder to slide out of the containing bin and rotate and unfold, and one-step unfolding and folding of the folding ladder can be achieved by arranging the three-connecting-rod mechanism, cooperating with the preset slide way and controlling the driving mechanism to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a step ladder structure of a railway vehicle, in particular to a foldable elevator. Background Art

[0002] In the rail transit train door system, when an emergency vehicle situation occurs, passengers need to be evacuated. However, there is a height difference between the floor and the ground inside the car, and passengers need auxiliary devices to get off the passenger compartment door.

[0003] The utility model patent application with publication number CN 213892489 U discloses a retractable emergency evacuation ladder suitable for high-speed maglev trains. The emergency evacuation ladder is arranged in a storage compartment below the door of the high-speed maglev train. The emergency evacuation ladder bracket is formed by multiple hinge pairs. The two sides of the emergency evacuation ladder are rotatably connected through a first support rod, a second support rod and the storage compartment. The first support rod is a fixed-length rod, and the second support rod is a telescopic rod. The emergency evacuation ladder extends out of the storage compartment, the first support rod rotates around the hinge point of the storage compartment, and the second support rod extends. In order to make room for the rotation of the first support rod, the skirt cover installed on the front edge of the top of the storage compartment will be damaged, which has a great impact on the existing body structure. The invention patent application with publication number CN 115337567 A discloses a stepped emergency evacuation device, in which a support plate is V-shaped, a top end of one side branch of the support plate is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the other side branch is connected to a telescopic folding assembly. The support plate is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate around the bottom of the vehicle body, driving the telescopic folding assembly to extend out from the bottom of the vehicle, and the telescopic folding assembly is extended by gas springs installed on both sides of the support plate. The current solution uses a V-shaped support to avoid the skirt cover, so that the height of each step down can be approximately the same under different evacuation conditions, but the telescopic folding assembly requires an additional driving device and cannot be driven to extend and unfold in one step. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a foldable elevator that can be extended and unfolded in one step.

[0005] Technical solution: A folding elevator described in the present invention comprises a folding ladder and a mounting frame for hanging the folding ladder on the top of the interior of a storage compartment, the folding frame of the folding ladder is formed by hingedly connecting a long connecting rod pair in the middle and a short connecting rod pair at both ends, the middle of each group of long connecting rod pairs and the ends of each group of short connecting rod pairs are hinged by pins, and a slide is provided on the mounting frame, the slide comprises a horizontal first slide and an inclined second slide, the first pin between the long connecting rod pairs is slidably connected to the slide by the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is connected to the driving mechanism; the second pin located at the top of the folding ladder and between the short connecting rod pairs is rotationally connected to the mounting frame by the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the mounting frame in turn; the driving mechanism pushes the first connecting rod to slide along the slide, and the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are driven by the first connecting rod to push the folding ladder to slide out of the storage compartment and rotate and unfold.

[0006] Preferably, a first limiting member capable of driving the movement of the second connecting rod is provided at the front end of the first connecting rod, and when the folding ladder is folded, the second connecting rod and the limiting member are connected; a second limiting member capable of pushing the movement of the third connecting rod is provided at the rear half of the first connecting rod, and when the folding ladder is unfolded, the third connecting rod and the second limiting member are connected.

[0007] Preferably, when the folding ladder is folded, the second connecting rod is connected to the first limiting member via the second pin shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the second pin is connected to the support seat, and the support seat has three connection positions, the first connection position is connected to the second pin, the second connection position is connected to the rod body of the short connecting rod pair, and the third connection position is connected to the second connecting rod through the third pin. When the folding ladder is folded, the second connecting rod is connected to the first limit piece through the third pin.

[0009] Preferably, a protruding hook is provided at one end of the second link close to the third link, and when the folding ladder is unfolded, the hook hooks the third link; a bending structure is provided at one end of the third link away from the second link, and a third slideway for limiting the rotation angle of the bending structure is provided on the mounting frame.

[0010] Preferably, a first connecting rod is provided between the tail ends of the first connecting rods on both sides of the folding ladder, and a first locking mechanism is provided on the rear side of the mounting frame. When the folding ladder is retracted, the first connecting rod is constrained by the first locking mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, a second locking mechanism is provided on the front side of the mounting frame, and when the folding ladder is unfolded, the first connecting rod is constrained by the second locking mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, a second connecting rod for connecting the driving mechanism is provided between the first connecting rods located on both sides of the folding ladder.

[0013] Preferably, the long connecting rod forming the long connecting rod pair is S-shaped, and the short connecting rod forming the short connecting rod pair is arc-shaped.

[0014] Preferably, after the folding ladder is unfolded, the length of the folding frame above the first pin shaft is greater than the length of the folding frame below the first pin shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the long connecting rod pair and the short connecting rod pair are hinged via a fourth pin shaft, and a fourth connecting rod for connecting to a door of the accommodation cabin is provided on the fourth pin shaft located at the bottom of the folding ladder.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. One-step extension and unfolding: by setting a three-link mechanism, the first link and the slide are mainly used to drive the folding ladder to move and rotate, the second link and the third link are used as the first link follower, and cooperate with the first link to realize the unfolding and movement of the folding ladder. The operation of the driving mechanism is controlled to drive the first link to move, so that the folding ladder can be unfolded and folded in one step; 2. Little impact on the existing passenger door of the rail vehicle, and does not affect the overall strength of the vehicle body: using the three-link mechanism, during the unfolding process of the folding ladder, it can pass over the skirt cover from the bottom of the skirt cover to keep the skirt cover structure intact, without affecting the existing structural strength 1. Ensure smoothness of getting on and off the vehicle: after the folding ladder is unfolded, the top passes over the skirt cover and rises to a certain height, reducing the height difference between the top pedal of the folding ladder and the vehicle body, making the height difference between the top pedal and the bottom plate of the vehicle body and the height difference between the two adjacent pedals consistent. When the folding ladder is in use, it ensures smoothness of use and avoids the feeling of stepping on air; 2. Simple structure and high reliability: after the folding ladder is unfolded and folded, the corresponding locking mechanism is set, and the driving mechanism has a self-locking function to ensure the stability of the use and recovery state of the folding ladder; 3. It can adapt to the installation interface of different door systems, which is simple and convenient, and easy to debug and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foldable elevator in the unfolded state according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A side view of the foldable elevator in the unfolded state according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the folding ladder structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foldable elevator in the folded state according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 A side view of the folding elevator of the first embodiment of the present invention in a folded state;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The rear side view of the local structure in the middle;

[0025] Fig. 9It is a schematic structural diagram of the foldable elevator in the unfolded state according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 A side view of the foldable elevator in the unfolded state according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0028] Fig.12 A side view of the folding state structure of the foldable elevator of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.13 This is a rear side view of the folded state structure of the foldable elevator of the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1: Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention discloses a foldable elevator, which is mainly composed of a foldable ladder 2, a mounting frame 4, a connecting rod assembly and a driving mechanism 6. The mounting frame 4 and the connecting rod assembly fix the foldable ladder 2 on the top of a storage compartment 14 at the bottom of a vehicle body 1. The driving mechanism 6 and the connecting rod assembly are connected to drive the foldable ladder 2 to extend out of the storage compartment, unfold, rotate and rise, thereby reducing the height difference between a pedal 24 at the top of the foldable ladder 2 and the bottom plate of the vehicle body 1 (the pedal 24 at the top of the foldable ladder 2 is higher than the bottom of the skirt cover 11), so that the height of each step down is approximately the same, avoiding affecting the skirt cover 11 on the front side of the top of the storage compartment, and reducing the impact on the vehicle body structure.

[0032] like Figure 4 The folding ladder 2 is formed by a plurality of connecting rod pairs hinged in sequence, and the connecting rod pairs are divided into a long connecting rod pair 21 and a short connecting rod pair 22. The middle parts of the two long connecting rods of the long connecting rod pair 21 are hinged to approximately form a left-right symmetrical "X"-shaped long connecting rod pair 21, and the ends of the two short connecting rods of the short connecting rod pair 11 are hinged to approximately form a left-right symmetrical "V"-shaped short connecting rod pair 11. A plurality of groups of long connecting rod pairs 21 are connected in series in an orderly manner from head to tail, and two groups of short connecting rod pairs 22 are sealed at both ends of the long connecting rod pair 21 to form a folding frame. The formed folding frame has a plurality of rhombus-shaped units, and pedals 24 are connected between the rhombus-shaped units of the folding frames on the left and right sides to form a folding ladder 2. After the folding ladder 2 is unfolded, the plurality of pedals 24 are horizontal and the heights are reduced in sequence. In this embodiment, there are two pairs of long connecting rod pairs 21. The long connecting rods of the long connecting rod pair 21 and the short connecting rods of the short connecting rod pair 22 can be straight rods or curved rods, with curved rods being preferred. If they are curved rods, the long connecting rods are S-shaped and the short connecting rods are arc-shaped.

[0033] like Figures 2 to 3The mounting frame 4 is located at the top of the storage chamber 14. Slideways are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 4. The slideways are divided into horizontal slideways 41 and inclined slideways 42. The slideway 41 is located at the bottom of the mounting frame 4. The slideway 42 is located outside the mounting frame 4. Figure 4 The hinge axis in the middle of the long connecting rod pair 21 located in the middle and lower part of the folding ladder 2 is recorded as the pin 211. "Middle and lower" means that the length of the folding frame above the pin 211 is greater than the length of the folding frame below the pin 211. The hinge axis at the end of the short connecting rod pair 22 located at the top of the folding ladder 2 is recorded as the pin 221. The pin 211 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 4 through the connecting rod 51. The connecting rod 51 is connected to the driving mechanism 6 as an active part. The pin 221 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 4 through the connecting rod 52, the connecting rod 53 and the mounting frame 4, and serves as a driven part of the connecting rod 51.

[0034] A limit piece 513 is provided at the front end of the connecting rod 51. In the process of the folding ladder 2 extending out and retracting into the storage compartment 14, the limit piece 513 can automatically connect the connecting rod 52 and drive the connecting rod 52 to move, so that the connecting rods 52 and 53 can enter and exit the storage compartment in the lateral direction. The folding ladder 2 extends out of the storage compartment, and the connecting rod 52 is separated from the limit piece 513, and the height is increased, so that the folding ladder can be unfolded. The limit piece 513 can be a groove or other detachable structure with a two-way constraint feature, such as an electromagnet. Considering the cost and installation difficulty, it is better to have a groove structure arranged on the upper side of the front end of the connecting rod 51.

[0035] A limit piece 514 is provided at the rear half of the connecting rod 51. When the folding ladder 2 is unfolded, the connecting rod 51 can drive the connecting rod 53 to move (when the folding ladder is folded, the connecting rod 53 can automatically rotate by its own gravity), so that the connecting rods 52 and 53 can move in the vertical direction. The limit piece 51 can be a pin shaft. Similarly, the limit piece 51 can also be an electromagnet or other structural member that can push the connecting rod 53 to move. Considering the cost and installation difficulty, the limit piece 51 is preferably a pin shaft or a protruding structure.

[0036] When the pin 221 is directly connected to the connecting rod 52, the stopper 513 and the connecting rod 52 are connected via the pin 221. Figure 3 , Figure 4The folding ladder 2 is connected with the connecting rod 52 and the connecting rod 53 through the support seat 23. The support seat 23 has three connection positions, which are acute-angle triangle plates. The pin 221 is connected with the first corner (connection position) of the support seat 23, and the second corner (connection position) of the support seat 23 is connected with the upper rod body of the short connecting rod pair 22. When the folding ladder 2 is unfolded or folded, the support seat 23 moves synchronously with the upper short connecting rod of the short connecting rod pair 22. The third corner (connection position) of the support seat 23 is provided with a pin 231, and the pin 231 is connected with the connecting rod 52. When the folding ladder 2 is unfolded, the first corner and the second corner are both located above the third corner to form an inverted triangle. After the support seat 23 is set, when the folding ladder 2 enters the storage compartment, the pin 231 replaces the pin 221 to connect the constraint 513. The support seat 23 is set to help reduce the shape and manufacturing cost of the connecting rod 52.

[0037] Taking the support seat 23 as an example, the operating principle of the limiter 513 and the limiter 514 is as follows: when the folding ladder 2 is pushed out in the folded state, the connecting rod 51 slides along the slideway 41, the pin shaft 231 is located in the limiter 513, and the connecting rod 52 and the connecting rod 53 move out of the storage compartment 14 along with the connecting rod 51; when the folding ladder 2 is pushed out of the storage compartment, the connecting rod 51 slides along the slideway 42, the limiter 514 of the rear half of the connecting rod 51 pushes the connecting rod 53 to rise, and the front half of the connecting rod 51 drives the folding ladder 2 to rotate around the pin shaft 211 The folding ladder 2 rotates and unfolds, and the height increases. During this process, the pin shaft 213 gradually leaves the limiting member 513, and the folding ladder 2 can pass over the skirt cover 11 from below, reducing the height difference between the top pedal 24 of the folding ladder 2 and the bottom plate of the vehicle body 1; when the folding ladder 2 is folded and recovered, the driving mechanism 6 drives the folding ladder 2 to rotate, and the pin shaft 531 falls back into the limiting member 513, and is recovered synchronously with the connecting rod 51, driving the folding ladder 2 that is close to the folded state to be recovered into the storage cabin, so that the folding ladder 2 remains in the folded state.

[0038] like Figures 5 to 7 , with the end extending from the bottom of the vehicle body 1 as the front end or the outer end, the connecting rods 51 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the folding ladder 2, and a connecting rod 511 is arranged between the tail ends of the connecting rods 51 on the left and right sides, and a locking mechanism 7 is arranged on the rear side of the mounting frame 4. After the folding ladder 2 is retracted, Figure 7 , Figure 8 , the connecting rod 511 is hooked by the locking hook of the locking mechanism 7, completing the locking of the folding ladder 2 and increasing reliability. A locking structure 9 is provided on the front side of the mounting frame 4. After the folding ladder 2 is extended and unfolded, the connecting rod 511 is connected to the locking mechanism 9 to achieve locking and ensure the unfolding stability. A connecting rod 512 is provided between the front parts of the connecting rods 51 on the left and right sides. The connecting rod 512 is used to connect the driving mechanism 6. The rear end of the driving mechanism 6 is hinged to the bottom of the storage cabin. The locking mechanism 7 is connected to a control module 71 that drives the locking mechanism 7 to unlock. The driving mechanism 6 can be a thrust cylinder or other retractable driving mechanism. Figure 7A slide 43 is provided on the top of the mounting frame 4. The slide 43 is an arc-shaped slide. A bending structure 531 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 53 connected to the mounting frame 4. The bending structure 531 is slidably connected to the slide 43. When the folding ladder 2 is unfolded and retracted, the slide 43 constrains the rotation angle of the connecting rod 53. A protruding hook portion is provided at one end of the connecting rod 52 close to the connecting rod 53. After the folding ladder 2 is unfolded, the hook portion hooks the connecting rod 53 to further constrain the folding ladder 2 in the unfolded state.

[0039] The storage cabin has a hatch 12, which rotates around the vehicle body, opens or closes, and is assembled with the skirt cover 11 to form a continuous vehicle body protection surface; a bracket 10 is provided between the mounting frame 4 and the skirt cover 11, and the bracket 10 is used to connect the gas spring 8. A connecting seat is provided inside the hatch 12 of the storage cabin, and the gas spring 8 is connected to the hatch of the storage cabin through the connecting seat. A lock buckle 13 is provided on the top of the hatch 12, and a lock is provided on the bracket 10. When the hatch 12 rotates and closes, the lock buckle 13 is buckled into the lock to lock the hatch 12.

[0040] When in use, the mounting frame 4 is fixed to the top of the storage cabin, the bracket 10 is fixed between the skirt cover 11 and the mounting frame 4, the locking mechanism 7 is fixed to the rear side of the mounting frame, the locking mechanism 9 is installed on the front side of the mounting frame 4, and the hatch door lock is fixed to the front side of the bracket 10. After the folding ladder 2 is assembled, the two sides are connected by connecting rods 51, 52, 53 and the slides 41, 42, 43 of the mounting frame 4, and the driving mechanism 6 and the connecting rod 51 are connected to form a folding elevator mechanism. The specific release process of the folding elevator mechanism is as follows: when unfolding, in the first step, the lock at the front end of the bracket 10 receives a signal and is unlocked, and with the help of the gravity of the hatch door 12 itself, such as Figure 6 , the gas spring 8 drives the cabin door 12 to open; in the second step, the locking mechanism 7 receives the unlocking signal, the locking mechanism 7 is unlocked, the connecting rod 511 between the connecting rods 51 is released, and the driving mechanism 6 is extended under the control of the control module, and with the help of the connecting rods 51, 52, 53, slides 41, 42, and 43, the folding ladder 2 is pushed out of the storage cabin and rotated counterclockwise to unfold. After the folding ladder 2 is unfolded, the connecting rod 511 is connected to the locking mechanism 9 (the connecting rod 511 is provided with a lock that cooperates with the locking mechanism 9) and the driving mechanism 6 is self-locked and fixed after being extended, so that the unfolded state of the folding elevator is stable. During recovery, the control module of the drive mechanism 6 receives a recovery signal, unlocks the drive mechanism 6 in the self-locking state, and the drive mechanism 6 shrinks and recovers, driving the folding ladder 2 to rotate clockwise, fold, and recover into the storage cabin. The connecting rod 511 collides with the locking mechanism 7 and is hooked by the locking mechanism 7, completing the locking of the folding ladder. The hatch 12 is manually pushed under the vehicle, the gas spring 8 is compressed, the hatch 12 is retracted, the lock buckle 13 is connected to the lock, and the hatch 12 is closed.

[0041] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figures 9 to 13The present embodiment has the following variations: the installation position of the gas spring 8 is changed, specifically: the gas spring 8 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the mounting frame 4 near the middle, the gas spring 8 is connected to the inner side of the hatch 12, the hinge axis between the long connecting rod pair 21 and the short connecting rod pair at the bottom of the folding ladder 2 is marked as a pin 212, and the pin 212 is connected to the inner side of the hatch 12 through a connecting rod. The connecting rod between the hatch 12 and the pin 212 can increase the bottom constraint of the folding ladder 2.

Claims

1. A folding lift, comprising a folding ladder (2), and a mounting frame (4) for hanging the folding ladder (2) on the top of a storage compartment, wherein the folding frame of the folding ladder (2) is formed by hingedly connecting a long connecting rod pair (21) in the middle and a short connecting rod pair (22) at both ends, wherein the middle of each long connecting rod pair (21) and the end of each short connecting rod pair (22) are hingedly connected by a pin, and characterized in that; The mounting frame (4) is provided with a slideway, the slideway comprising a horizontal first slideway (41) and an inclined second slideway (42); a first pin shaft (211) between the long link rod pair (21) is slidably connected to the slideway through a first link rod (51), and the first link rod (51) is connected to a driving mechanism (6); a second pin shaft (221) between the short link rod pair (22) located at the top of the folding ladder (2) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (4) through a second link rod (52), a third link rod (53) and the mounting frame (4) in sequence; the driving mechanism (6) pushes the first link rod (51) to slide along the slideway, and the second link rod (52) and the third link rod (53) are driven by the first link rod to push the folding ladder (2) to slide out of the accommodating cabin and rotate to unfold.

2. The folding elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first limiting member (513) capable of driving the second connecting rod (52) to move is provided at the front end of the first connecting rod (51); when the folding ladder (2) is folded, the second connecting rod (52) and the limiting member (513) are connected; and a second limiting member (514) capable of driving the third connecting rod (53) to move is provided at the rear half of the first connecting rod (51); when the folding ladder (2) is unfolded, the third connecting rod (53) and the second limiting member (514) are connected.

3. The folding elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The folding ladder (2) is folded, and the second connecting rod (52) is connected to the first limiting member (513) via the second pin shaft (221).

4. The folding elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second pin shaft (221) is connected to the support seat (23), and the support seat (23) has three connection positions, the first connection position is connected to the second pin shaft (221), the second connection position is connected to the rod body of the short connecting rod pair (22), and the third connection position is connected to the second connecting rod (52) through the third pin shaft (231). When the folding ladder (2) is folded, the second connecting rod (52) is connected to the first limit member (513) through the third pin shaft (231).

5. The folding elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protruding hook portion is provided at one end of the second connecting rod (52) close to the third connecting rod (53), and when the folding ladder (2) is unfolded, the hook portion hooks the third connecting rod (53); a bending structure (531) is provided at one end of the third connecting rod (53) away from the second connecting rod (52), and a third slideway (43) for limiting the rotation angle of the bending structure (531) is provided on the mounting frame (4).

6. The folding elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting rod (511) is provided between the tail ends of the first connecting rods (51) located on both sides of the folding ladder; a first locking mechanism (7) is provided on the rear side of the mounting frame (4); when the folding ladder is retracted, the first connecting rod (511) is restrained by the first locking mechanism (7); and a second locking mechanism (9) is provided on the front side of the mounting frame (4); when the folding ladder is unfolded, the first connecting rod (51) is restrained by the second locking mechanism (9).

7. The folding elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting rod (512) for connecting the driving mechanism (6) is provided between the first connecting rods (51) located on both sides of the folding ladder.

8. The folding elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long connecting rods forming the long connecting rod pair (21) are S-shaped, and the short connecting rods forming the short connecting rod pair (22) are arc-shaped.

9. The folding elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the folding ladder is unfolded, the length of the folding frame located above the first pin shaft (211) is greater than the length of the folding frame located below the first pin shaft (211).

10. The folding elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long connecting rod pair (21) and the short connecting rod pair are hinged via a fourth pin shaft (212), and a fourth connecting rod for connecting to a cabin door is provided on the fourth pin shaft (212) located at the bottom of the folding ladder.

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