Room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a room-temperature curing explosive processing special explosive and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of civil explosive production, the explosive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of a main explosive, 10-40 parts of a binder and 0-25 parts of a regulator, the main explosive is at least one of tetranitramine, hexogen and octogen, and the binder is at least one of a binder and octogen. The binder is silane-terminated polyether or silane-terminated polyurethane, and the regulator is at least one of silicon dioxide, sulfur, zinc oxide, minium and liquid paraffin. According to the room-temperature curing explosion processing special explosive disclosed by the invention, the silane-terminated polyether or the silane-terminated polyurethane is used as a binder component, so that the prepared explosion processing special explosive can be cured at room temperature (5-40 DEG C), the curing time is shortened to 2-3 hours, the time for producing the explosion processing special explosive is shortened, and the production cost of the explosion processing special explosive is reduced. The production process is optimized, and the risk of explosion thermal decomposition is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of production of civilian explosives, and more specifically, relates to a room temperature solidified explosion processed special explosive and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Special explosives for explosive processing are a kind of explosives with RDX, Tai'an, etc. as main explosives, natural latex as binder, and other additives added. They can be used for special blasting such as explosive welding and explosive cutting.

[0003] Since the binder used in the explosive processing of special explosives is natural rubber latex, it needs to be cured at high temperature, and the curing time required is more than 8 hours. The high temperature may cause thermal decomposition of PETN, causing combustion or explosion, posing certain safety hazards.

[0004] Conventional room temperature curing adhesives can avoid high temperature curing and shorten the curing time, but conventional room temperature curing adhesives, such as methyl silicone resin and MQ silicone resin, need to be hydrolyzed and condensed under solvent conditions and acid-base catalysis. Acids and alkalis can cause the decomposition of RDX and octogen in special explosives for explosive processing, resulting in product failure; even decomposition during production, storage, and transportation can cause safety accidents. Therefore, how to develop special explosives for explosive processing that can be cured at room temperature is currently a difficult problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive and a preparation method thereof. The explosive processing special explosive can be cured at room temperature and the curing time is significantly shortened, thereby overcoming the defects of traditional explosive processing special explosives that require high temperature curing and long curing time.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive, comprising the following components by weight: 50-90 parts of a main explosive, 10-40 parts of a binder, and 0-25 parts of a regulator, wherein the main explosive is at least one of Taian, RDX, and Octogen, the binder is a terminal silane-terminated polyether or a terminal silane-terminated polyurethane, and the regulator is at least one of silicon dioxide, sulfur, zinc oxide, red lead, and liquid paraffin.

[0007] Furthermore, the number average molecular weight of the binder is 2000-8000.

[0008] Furthermore, the number average molecular weight of the binder is 5000-8000.

[0009] Furthermore, the binder is a silane-terminated polyether, and the molecular formula of the binder is:

[0010]

[0011] Here, m is the degree of polymerization, and R1 is any one of -H, -OCH3, and -OCH2CH3.

[0012] Furthermore, the binder is a silane-terminated polyether, and the molecular formula of the binder is:

[0013]

[0014] Here, n is the degree of polymerization, and R2 is any one of -H, -OCH3, and -OCH2CH3.

[0015] Furthermore, the binder is a silane-terminated polyurethane, and the silane-terminated polyurethane uses 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or anilinemethyltrimethoxysilane as the silane-terminated polyurethane.

[0016] Furthermore, the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of main explosive agent, 10-20 parts of binder and 10-15 parts of regulator.

[0017] Furthermore, the main explosive agent is PETN or RDX, and the regulating agent is liquid paraffin or silicon dioxide.

[0018] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive, comprising the following steps:

[0019] The main explosive, the binder and the regulator are mixed evenly, poured into a mold and pressed into shape to obtain the room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive.

[0020] Furthermore, in the process of mixing the main explosive agent, the binder and the regulator, the liquid materials are mixed first, and then the solid materials are added and mixed.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0022] The room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive of the present invention uses terminal silane-terminated polyether or terminal silane-terminated polyurethane as a binder component, so that the prepared explosive processing special explosive can be cured at room temperature (5-40°C), and the curing time is shortened to 2-3 hours, thereby reducing the time for producing the explosive processing special explosive, optimizing the production process, and reducing the risk of explosion thermal decomposition.

[0023] The preparation method of the room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive of the present invention is simple. The prepared explosive processing special explosive can be cured at room temperature (5-40°C), and the curing time is shortened to 2-3 hours, which reduces the time for producing the explosive processing special explosive, optimizes the production process, and reduces the risk of explosion thermal decomposition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for preparing a room temperature solidified explosion processed special explosive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0028] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive is provided, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of a main explosive, 10-40 parts of a binder, and 0-25 parts of a regulator, wherein the main explosive is at least one of high explosives such as Tai'an, RDX, and Octogen, the binder is a terminal silane-terminated polyether or a terminal silane-terminated polyurethane, and the regulator is at least one of silicon dioxide, sulfur, zinc oxide, red lead, and liquid paraffin.

[0029] In the room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive of the embodiment of the present invention, the main explosive has good physical and chemical stability, excellent and stable explosion performance, high detonation sensitivity and small critical diameter, and can be detonated over a small cross section and long distance. The binder can bind the loose main explosive and other additives (i.e., the regulator) together to make them adhere to each other, thereby giving the explosive sufficient strength and flexibility. The regulator is a substance that does not participate in the explosion reaction or participates in the reaction but has a very small thermal effect, and has a very small bulk density, forming uniform and fine gaps in the explosive, thereby reducing the density of the explosive and achieving the effect of reducing the detonation velocity.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present invention, the number average molecular weight of the binder is 2000-8000, preferably, the number average molecular weight of the binder is 5000-8000. The binder with a smaller number average molecular weight has a short surface drying time, which affects the dispersion degree of the main explosive in the material and affects the product performance. The binder with a larger number average molecular weight has a high viscosity and extremely poor fluidity at room temperature, and cannot disperse the main explosive and the regulator, and cannot be made into a special explosive for explosive processing.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, the binder may be a silane-terminated polyether, and the molecular formula of the binder is:

[0032]

[0033] Here, m is the degree of polymerization, and R1 is any one of -H, -OCH3, and -OCH2CH3.

[0034] In addition, the molecular formula of the binder can also be:

[0035]

[0036] Here, n is the degree of polymerization, and R2 is any one of -H, -OCH3, and -OCH2CH3.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, the binder may also be a silane-terminated polyurethane, and the silane-terminated polyurethane uses a silane-terminated agent of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or anilinemethyltrimethoxysilane.

[0038] It should be noted that the terminal silane-terminated polyether and terminal silane-terminated polyurethane used in the embodiments of the present invention can be prepared by existing public technologies, which will not be described in detail here.

[0039] In a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive is provided, wherein the preparation process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0040] The main explosive, the binder and the regulator are mixed evenly, poured into a mold and pressed into shape to obtain the room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive.

[0041] In the process of mixing the raw materials, that is, in the process of mixing the main explosive agent, the binder, and the regulator, the liquid materials can be mixed first, and then the solid materials can be added for mixing. Specifically, according to the different physical and chemical properties of different components, the liquid materials are preferably formulated into a composite binder. For example, the end-silane-terminated polyether and the end-silane-terminated polyurethane are both liquids. When some regulators are liquids, the liquid regulator and the liquid binder can be mixed together first during the addition process, and then mixed with the main explosive agent. After mixing, the finished product can be obtained through reverse molding (i.e., mold forming) and compression molding, and then the finished product is packaged and put into storage.

[0042] A room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive in an embodiment of the present invention uses end-silane capped polyether or end-silane capped polyurethane instead of the currently conventionally used natural latex as a binder component, so that the prepared explosive processing special explosive can be cured at room temperature (5-40°C). The curing time can be shortened to 2-3 hours at 25°C, thereby reducing the time for producing the explosive processing special explosive, optimizing the production process, and reducing the risk of thermal decomposition of explosion.

[0043] The preparation method of a room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive in an embodiment of the present invention is simple. The prepared explosive processing special explosive can be cured at room temperature (5-40°C), and the curing time is shortened to 2-3 hours, which reduces the time for producing the explosive processing special explosive, optimizes the production process, and reduces the risk of explosion thermal decomposition.

[0044] A room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive and a preparation method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention are described below by way of a plurality of specific embodiments.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive and a preparation method thereof. The explosive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of RDX, 15 parts of a silane-terminated polyether with a number average molecular weight of 5000, and 10 parts of liquid paraffin. The molecular formula of the silane-terminated polyether is:

[0047] Wherein, R2 is -OCH3.

[0048] The explosive preparation process is:

[0049] (1) Mixing: First add 15 parts of terminal silane-terminated polyether and 10 parts of liquid paraffin into a stirring device and start stirring. After stirring for about 1-2 minutes, add 75 parts of RDX and stir for about 2-4 minutes.

[0050] (2) Molding: After being evenly mixed, pour it into a mold through a feeding port and place it at room temperature. During the placing process, the room temperature is maintained at 20°C-30°C and the humidity is maintained at 50%RH. After being placed at room temperature for 2 hours, take it out of the mold and then extrude it into a special explosive for explosive processing.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive and a preparation method thereof. The explosive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of Taian, 15 parts of terminal silane-terminated polyether with a number average molecular weight of 8000, and 10 parts of liquid paraffin. The molecular formula of the terminal silane-terminated polyether is:

[0053] Wherein, R1 is -OCH2CH3.

[0054] The explosive preparation process is:

[0055] (1) Mixing: First add 15 parts of end-silane-terminated polyether and 10 parts of liquid paraffin into a stirring device and start stirring. After stirring for about 1-2 minutes, add 75 parts of tai'an and stir for about 2-4 minutes.

[0056] (2) Molding: After being evenly mixed, pour it into a mold through a feeding port and place it at room temperature. During the placing process, the room temperature is maintained at 20°C-30°C and the humidity is maintained at 50%RH. After being placed at room temperature for 2 hours, take it out of the mold and then extrude it into a special explosive for explosive processing.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive and a preparation method thereof. The explosive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of Taian, 15 parts of end-silane terminated polyurethane with a number average molecular weight of 8000, and 10 parts of silicon dioxide. The silane end-capping agent used for the end-silane terminated polyurethane is 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0059] The explosive preparation process is:

[0060] (1) Mixing: First add 15 parts of end-silane-terminated polyurethane and 10 parts of silica into a stirring device and start stirring. After stirring for about 1-2 minutes, add 75 parts of tai'an and stir for about 2-4 minutes.

[0061] (2) Molding: After being evenly mixed, pour it into a mold through a feeding port and place it at room temperature. During the placing process, the room temperature is maintained at 20°C-30°C and the humidity is maintained at 50%RH. After being placed at room temperature for 2 hours, take it out of the mold and then extrude it into a special explosive for explosive processing.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive and a preparation method thereof. The explosive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of octogen, 15 parts of end-silane terminated polyurethane with a number average molecular weight of 6000, and 15 parts of silicon dioxide. The silane end-capping agent used in the end-silane terminated polyurethane is aniline methyl trimethoxy silane.

[0064] The explosive preparation process is:

[0065] (1) Mixing: First add 15 parts of end-silane-terminated polyurethane and 15 parts of silica into a stirring device and start stirring. After stirring for about 1-2 minutes, add 70 parts of octochrome and stir for about 2-4 minutes.

[0066] (2) Molding: After being mixed evenly, pour it into a mold through a feeding port and place it at room temperature. During the placing process, the room temperature is maintained at 20°C-30°C and the humidity is maintained at 50%RH. After being placed at room temperature for 3 hours, take it out of the mold and then extrude it to form the explosive.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] The difference from Example 1 is that a silane-terminated polyether with a number average molecular weight of 200 is used as a binder, and other process conditions are the same.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] The difference from Example 3 is that a silane-terminated polyurethane with a number average molecular weight of 15,000 is used as a binder, and other process conditions are the same.

[0071] The performance of the explosives prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present invention was tested. The detonation velocity test method of the explosives was based on GB / T 13228-2015, and the explosive strength was based on GB / T 12440. The specific test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0072] Table 1

[0073] type Explosive speed Fierceness Curing time Example 1 5555m / s 15.68mm 2h Example 2 5208m / s 15.60mm 3h Example 3 5154m / s 15.53mm 3h Example 4 5747m / s 14.82mm 2.6h Comparative Example 1 4347m / s 12.66mm 26min Comparative Example 2 / / /

[0074] From the test results in Table 1 above, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Example 1, when Example 1 uses a terminal silane-terminated polyether with a number average molecular weight of 200 as a binder, the curing time is too short, resulting in poor dispersion of the components during the preparation of the explosive, and a significant decrease in detonation velocity and intensity; compared with Comparative Example 2, when Example 3 uses a terminal silane-terminated polyurethane with a number average molecular weight of 15,000 as a binder, the prepared explosive cannot be stirred normally, the main explosive agent and the regulator cannot be dispersed, and the special explosive for explosive processing cannot be prepared.

[0075] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of a main explosive agent, 10-40 parts of a binder, and 0-25 parts of a regulator, wherein the main explosive agent is at least one of Taian, RDX, and Octogen, the binder is a silane-terminated polyether or a silane-terminated polyurethane, and the regulator is at least one of silicon dioxide, sulfur, zinc oxide, red lead, and liquid paraffin.

2. A room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number average molecular weight of the binder is 2000-8000.

3. A room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The number average molecular weight of the binder is 5000-8000.

4. The room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is a silane-terminated polyether, and the molecular formula of the binder is: Here, m is the degree of polymerization, and R1 is any one of -H, -OCH3, and -OCH2CH3.

5. The room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is a silane-terminated polyether, and the molecular formula of the binder is: Here, n is the degree of polymerization, and R2 is any one of -H, -OCH3, and -OCH2CH3.

6. The room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is a silane-terminated polyurethane, and the silane-terminated polyurethane uses a silane-terminated agent of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or anilinemethyltrimethoxysilane.

7. The room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight: 70-80 parts of main explosive agent, 10-20 parts of binder and 10-15 parts of regulator.

8. The room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The main explosive agent is PETN or RDX, and the regulating agent is liquid paraffin or silicon dioxide.

9. A method for preparing a room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The main explosive, the binder and the regulator are mixed evenly, poured into a mold and pressed into shape to obtain the room temperature curing explosion processing special explosive.

10. The method for preparing a room temperature curing explosive processing special explosive according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the process of mixing the main explosive agent, the binder and the regulator, the liquid materials are mixed first, and then the solid materials are added and mixed.

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