Completely biodegradable floor and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a completely biodegradable floor and a preparation method thereof. The completely biodegradable floor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-70 parts of PLA (polylactic acid), 5-25 parts of PBAT (poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)), 1-3 parts of a compatilizer, 0.3-0.5 part of a lubricant and 0.3-0.5 part of an antioxidant. The material is dried by the dryer to reduce the influence of moisture on the mixing quality of the material, the PBAT and the compatilizer are proportioned by weight and then added into a mixer to be mixed for 10 minutes, then a certain mass of PLA is added to be blended for 8 minutes, then the antioxidant and the lubricant are sequentially added into the mixer to be mixed and stirred for 15 minutes in the mixer, and the material is prepared. According to the present invention, the PLA / PBAT floor base material can be completely biodegraded through the compatibilizer, the compatibilizer has good compatibility with the base material, the compatibilizer is added to improve the interfacial strength of the PBAT and the PLA, and improve the interfacial bonding force of the filler and the PLA so as to improve the compatibility between the materials, and the compatibilizer and the PBAT material are added to provide the toughening effect on the PLA material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of flooring, in particular to a completely biodegradable flooring and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] PLA (polylactic acid) and PBAT (polybutylene adipate / terephthalate) are two mainstream biodegradable plastic materials, among which PLA has good heat resistance and gloss, but poor toughness, while PBAT is a petroleum-based biodegradable plastic with good mechanical properties and toughness, but relatively low strength. If the two are used in combination, they can complement each other's properties and improve the overall performance of the material. In addition, both materials have excellent biodegradability and can be degraded into environmentally harmless substances under natural environmental conditions. They are one of the effective ways to solve the problem of plastic pollution. PLA (polylactic acid) and PBAT (polybutylene adipate / terephthalate) have poor compatibility, which will lead to unsatisfactory mechanical properties of the composite material. In order to improve the compatibility, a compatibilizer is usually added to improve the interface between the two materials to increase the mechanical properties. Therefore, fully biodegradable flooring and its preparation method are needed in the process of floor production.

[0003] The inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art that have not been solved: 1. The compatibility of PLA and PBAT is poor, which will lead to unsatisfactory mechanical properties of the composite material, resulting in low performance of the degradable floor; 2. When mixing the raw materials, various additive mixtures will cause pungent and harmful odors, and direct emissions will pollute the air environment, thereby reducing the environmental protection of the equipment; 3. When cooling the floor substrate, a large amount of heat will be directly lost and wasted, and normal cooling will reduce the efficiency of cooling the floor substrate. For this reason, the present invention designs a completely biodegradable floor and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a completely biodegradable floor and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the compatibility of PLA and PBAT mentioned in the above background technology is poor, which will lead to unsatisfactory mechanical properties of the composite material, resulting in low performance of the degradable floor, and it is inconvenient to mix the raw materials. Due to various additive mixtures, pungent and harmful odors will be generated, and direct discharge will pollute the air environment, thereby reducing the environmental protection of the equipment. Moreover, when cooling the floor substrate, a large amount of heat will be directly lost and wasted, and normal cooling will reduce the efficiency of cooling the floor substrate. To this end, the present invention designs a completely biodegradable floor and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a completely biodegradable floor, the number of each component is: PLA polylactic acid: 45-70 parts; PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate: 5-25 parts; Compatibilizer: 1-3 parts; Lubricant: 0.3-0.5 parts; Antioxidant: 0.3-0.5 parts.

[0006] Preferably, the proportions of the components of the bottom plate A are: 45 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 5 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.3 parts of lubricant, and 0.3 parts of antioxidant.

[0007] Preferably, the proportions of the components of the bottom plate B are: 55 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 15 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.5 parts of lubricant, and 0.4 parts of antioxidant.

[0008] Preferably, the proportions of the components of the bottom plate C are: 65 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 25 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.4 parts of lubricant, and 0.5 parts of antioxidant.

[0009] Preferably, the compatibilizer, ie, eSunBio5004K, is a low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and completely biodegradable material.

[0010] Preferably, the antioxidant is one of tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite, tetrakis-β-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 3-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid n-octadecyl ester.

[0011] A method for preparing a completely biodegradable floor comprises the following steps: S1. Material mixing: first add PBAT and compatibilizer according to weight ratio into a mixer and mix for 10 minutes, then add a certain amount of PLA and blend for 8 minutes, then add antioxidant and lubricant into the mixer in turn, mix and stir in the mixer for 15 minutes, and finally obtain a mixed powder for preparing PLA / PBAT floor substrate; S2, melt the materials, add the mixed powder obtained in step 1 into the twin-screw extruder, and set the temperature from the feeding port to the die of the twin-screw extruder to four stages, which are set to 190° C., 210° C., 240° C., and 260° C. in sequence, for melt blending and extrusion, and use an air purifier to absorb odors at the die; S3, cooling the material, extruding the molten material, granulating, cooling and passing through a heat exchange tube to obtain a PLA / PBAT floor substrate; S4, floor molding, adding the PLA / PBAT floor substrate prepared in step 3 into the injection molding machine for injection molding into a PLA / PBAT floor.

[0012] Preferably, the material extrusion amount Q in the twin-screw extruder is Q=π*D*n*Ca*Kc / 3600, wherein D is the screw diameter, n is the screw speed, Ca is the extrusion coefficient, and Kc is the material compression coefficient.

[0013] Preferably, the mixing capacity formula of the mixer is Q=FPM×B×H, wherein Q is the mixing capacity in kg / h, FPM is feet per minute, B is the width of the mixer in feet, and H is the depth of the mixer in feet.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature difference T of the twin-screw extruder is Tout-Tin, and the heat consumption of the twin-screw extruder is H=k*A*T, wherein k is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the surface area for heating and cooling, and Tout and Tin are the outlet and inlet temperatures.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention dries the material by a dryer to reduce the influence of moisture on the mixing quality of the material. PBAT and a compatibilizer are first added to a mixer according to a weight ratio and mixed for 10 minutes, then a certain weight of PLA is added and blended for 8 minutes, then an antioxidant and a lubricant are sequentially added to the mixer, and mixed and stirred in the mixer for 15 minutes, and finally a mixed powder for preparing a PLA / PBAT floor substrate is obtained. The material that can be completely biodegraded by the compatibilizer has good compatibility with the base material. The addition of the compatibilizer not only improves the interface strength between PBAT and PLA, but also improves the interface bonding force between the filler and PLA, thereby improving the compatibility between the materials, and the addition of the compatibilizer and the PBAT material has a toughening effect on the PLA material.

[0016] The present invention cleans and repairs the extruder before adding the mixed powder to the extruder to ensure that the extruder will not affect the quality of the mixed powder. Then, the mixed powder obtained in step one is added to the twin-screw extruder, and the temperature from the feeding port to the head of the twin-screw extruder is divided into four stages, which are sequentially set to 190° C., 210° C., 240° C., and 260° C. to melt-blend and extrude the mixed material. An air purifier is added to the head of the extruder, and the air purifier is used to absorb and purify the head. The air purifier is used to absorb and purify the pungent smell and harmful gases generated in the melting of the materials, thereby reducing the pollution of the harmful gases to the environment and improving the environmental protection of the preparation method.

[0017] After the molten material is discharged, the present invention transports the material to a mold of corresponding specifications and sizes, and the material is shaped and ground flat, and then the mold is placed on top of multiple heat exchange tubes. A heat recovery device is used to cool the mold and recover excess heat, thereby improving the heat recovery rate and reducing the energy loss of the preparation method process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a diagram of each component of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a comparison chart of tensile strength and elongation at break of each group of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the operation logic code diagram of the twin-screw extruder in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a completely biodegradable floor. Example

[0021] The number of each group is: PLA polylactic acid: 45-70 parts; PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate: 5-25 parts; Compatibilizer: 1-3 parts; Lubricant: 0.3-0.5 parts; Antioxidant: 0.3-0.5 parts.

[0022] In this embodiment, the proportions of the components of the bottom plate A are: 45 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 5 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.3 parts of lubricant, and 0.3 parts of antioxidant.

[0023] In this embodiment, the proportions of the components of the bottom plate B are: 55 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 15 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.5 parts of lubricant, and 0.4 parts of antioxidant.

[0024] In this embodiment, the proportions of the components of the bottom plate C are: 65 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 25 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.4 parts of lubricant, and 0.5 parts of antioxidant.

[0025] In this embodiment, the compatibilizer, namely eSunBio5004K, is a low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and completely biodegradable material.

[0026] In this embodiment, the antioxidant is one of tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite, tetrakis-β-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 3-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid n-octadecyl ester.

[0027] The preparation method of this embodiment comprises the following steps: S1. Material mixing. Before material mixing, the materials are dried by a dryer to reduce the effect of moisture on the quality of material mixing. PBAT and compatibilizer are first added to the mixer according to the weight ratio and mixed for 10 minutes. Then a certain amount of PLA is added and blended for 8 minutes. Then antioxidants and lubricants are added to the mixer in sequence, and mixed and stirred in the mixer for 15 minutes to finally obtain a mixed powder for preparing a PLA / PBAT floor substrate. The material that can be completely biodegraded by the compatibilizer has good compatibility with the base material. The addition of the compatibilizer not only improves the interface strength between PBAT and PLA, but also improves the interface bonding force between the filler and PLA, thereby improving the compatibility between the materials. The addition of the compatibilizer and PBAT materials has a significant toughening effect on the PLA material and does not affect the degradability of PLA. S2, material melting, before adding the mixed powder to the extruder, the extruder is cleaned and repaired to ensure that the extruder will not affect the quality of the mixed powder, then the mixed powder obtained in step 1 is added to the twin-screw extruder, and the feeding port of the twin-screw extruder to the head is divided into four temperature sections, which are set to 190°C, 210°C, 240°C, and 260°C in sequence, and the mixed material is melted and blended and extruded, and an air purifier is added to the head of the extruder, and the air purifier is used to absorb and purify the head, and the pungent smell and harmful gases generated during the melting of the material are absorbed and purified by the air purifier, thereby reducing the pollution of harmful gases to the environment and improving the environmental protection of the preparation method; S3, material cooling, after the molten material is discharged, the material is transported to a mold of corresponding specifications and sizes, and the material is shaped and ground flat, and then the mold is placed on top of multiple heat exchange tubes, and the heat recovery device is used to cool the mold and recover excess heat, thereby improving the heat recovery rate and reducing the energy loss of the preparation method process; S4, floor molding, adding the PLA / PBAT floor substrate prepared in step 3 into the injection molding machine for injection molding into a PLA / PBAT floor.

[0028] In this embodiment, the material extrusion amount Q in the twin-screw extruder is Q=π*D*n*Ca*Kc / 3600, wherein D is the screw diameter, n is the screw speed, Ca is the extrusion coefficient, and Kc is the material compression coefficient.

[0029] In this embodiment, the mixing capacity formula of the mixer is Q=FPM×B×H, where Q is the mixing capacity in kg / h, FPM is feet per minute, B is the width of the mixer in feet, and H is the depth of the mixer in feet.

[0030] In this embodiment, the temperature difference of the twin-screw extruder T=Tout-Tin, the heat consumption of the twin-screw extruder H=k*A*T, where k is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the surface area of ​​heating and cooling, and Tout and Tin are the outlet and inlet temperatures. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 . Example

[0031] The difference from the first embodiment is that: Step 1: First, add 5 parts of PBAT, i.e., polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, and 3 parts of eSunBio5004K into a mixer and mix for 10 minutes, then add 45 parts of PLA, i.e., polylactic acid, and blend for 8 minutes, then add 0.3 parts of antioxidant and lubricant into the mixer in sequence, mix and stir in the mixer for 15 minutes, and finally obtain a mixed powder for preparing a PLA / PBAT floor substrate; Step 2: Add the mixed powder obtained in step 1 into a twin-screw extruder, and set the temperature from the feeding port to the die of the twin-screw extruder to four stages, which are set to 190° C., 210° C., 240° C., and 260° C. in sequence, for melt blending and extrusion; Step 3: After extrusion, granulation and cooling, a PLA / PBAT floor substrate is obtained; Step 4: Add the PLA / PBAT floor substrate prepared in step 3 into an injection molding machine and injection mold it into a PLA / PBAT floor. Example

[0032] The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that: The preparation method of a PLA / PBAT floor provided in Example 3 is basically the same as that in Example 2, except that the amounts of PBAT and PLA are changed to 15 parts and 55 parts, respectively. Example

[0033] The preparation method of a PLA / PBAT floor provided in Example 4 is basically the same as that in Example 2, except that the amounts of PBAT and PLA are changed to 25 parts and 65 parts, respectively.

[0034] In summary: By reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 By comparing Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 with Example 4, it is concluded that the present invention dries the material by a dryer to reduce the effect of moisture on the mixing quality of the material. PBAT and the compatibilizer are first added to the mixer according to the weight ratio and mixed for 10 minutes, and then a certain mass of PLA is added and blended for 8 minutes. Then, the antioxidant and the lubricant are added to the mixer in sequence, and mixed and stirred in the mixer for 15 minutes to finally obtain a mixed powder for preparing a PLA / PBAT floor substrate. The material that can be completely biodegraded by the compatibilizer has good compatibility with the base material. The addition of the compatibilizer not only improves the interface strength between PBAT and PLA, but also improves the interface bonding force between the filler and PLA, thereby improving the compatibility between the materials. The addition of the compatibilizer and the PBAT material has a significant toughening effect on the PLA material and does not affect the degradability of the PLA.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, technique, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, technique, article or equipment.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A completely biodegradable floor, characterized by: The number of each group is: PLA polylactic acid: 45-70 parts; PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate: 5-25 parts; Compatibilizer: 1-3 parts; Lubricant: 0.3-0.5 parts; Antioxidant: 0.3-0.5 parts.

2. A completely biodegradable floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proportions of the components of the bottom plate A are as follows: 45 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 5 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.3 parts of lubricant, and 0.3 parts of antioxidant.

3. A completely biodegradable floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proportions of the components of the bottom plate B are as follows: 55 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 15 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.5 parts of lubricant, and 0.4 parts of antioxidant.

4. A completely biodegradable floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proportions of the components of the bottom plate C are as follows: 65 parts of PLA polylactic acid, 25 parts of PBAT polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 0.4 parts of lubricant, and 0.5 parts of antioxidant.

5. The fully biodegradable floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compatibilizer, namely eSunBio5004K, is a low-carbon, environmentally friendly and completely biodegradable material.

6. A completely biodegradable floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is one of tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite, tetra-β-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 3-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid n-octadecyl alcohol ester.

7. A method for preparing a completely biodegradable floor, based on the completely biodegradable floor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Material mixing: first add PBAT and compatibilizer according to weight ratio into a mixer and mix for 10 minutes, then add a certain amount of PLA and blend for 8 minutes, then add antioxidant and lubricant into the mixer in turn, mix and stir in the mixer for 15 minutes, and finally obtain a mixed powder for preparing PLA / PBAT floor substrate; S2, melt the materials, add the mixed powder obtained in step 1 into the twin-screw extruder, and set the temperature from the feeding port to the die of the twin-screw extruder to four stages, which are set to 190° C., 210° C., 240° C., and 260° C. in sequence, for melt blending and extrusion, and use an air purifier to absorb odors at the die; S3, cooling the material, extruding the molten material, granulating, cooling and passing through a heat exchange tube to obtain a PLA / PBAT floor substrate; S4, floor molding, adding the PLA / PBAT floor substrate prepared in step 3 into the injection molding machine for injection molding into a PLA / PBAT floor.

8. The method for preparing a completely biodegradable floor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material extrusion amount Q in the twin-screw extruder is π*D*n*Ca*Kc / 3600, wherein D is the screw diameter, n is the screw speed, Ca is the extrusion coefficient, and Kc is the material compression coefficient.

9. The method for preparing a completely biodegradable floor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing capacity formula of the mixer is Q=FPM×B×H, where Q is the mixing capacity in kg / h, FPM is feet per minute, B is the width of the mixer in feet, and H is the depth of the mixer in feet.

10. The method for preparing a completely biodegradable floor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature difference T of the twin-screw extruder is Tout-Tin, and the heat consumption of the twin-screw extruder is H=k*A*T, wherein k is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the surface area for heating and cooling, and Tout and Tin are the outlet and inlet temperatures.

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