Automatic drilling conversion sleeve and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic drilling conversion sleeve and a using method thereof.The automatic drilling conversion sleeve comprises a hexagonal cavity, a threaded connector, a centrifugal locking mechanism and an inclined hole, the centrifugal locking mechanism and the inclined hole are arranged between the hexagonal cavity and the threaded connector, and the hexagonal cavity is used for being connected with a hexagonal nut of a double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod; the threaded connector is used for being connected with a drilling machine output shaft. The centrifugal locking mechanism is used for locking and loosening a drawing ring of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod. By the adoption of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve, switching of the locking state and the loosening state of the locking mechanism can be achieved only through the forward rotation function and the reverse rotation function of an onboard jumbolter, power is provided by retreating of the jumbolter, and the locking mechanism pulls a drawing ring of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod to pull a steel wire and push out a resin anchoring agent. Under the condition that the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod is used, manual disassembly of the drawing ring can be omitted, and the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod installation technology is full-automatic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel anchoring support, and in particular relates to an automatic drilling conversion sleeve and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 The double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod product shown includes: a pull ring 1, a limit ring 2, a cone nut 3, a tray 4, a hollow rod body 5, a steel wire rope 6, an elastic cylindrical pin 7, a piston 8, an anchoring section rod body 9, an elastic cylindrical pin 10, a drill bit 11, an inner casing 12 and an anchor 13, etc. The product uses a hollow rod body 5 instead of a drill rod for drilling, and is pre-tightened by a cone nut 3. The anchoring section rod body 9 integrates a water supply channel and a resin anchor, and a cutting drill bit 11 is installed at the end. The internal steel wire rope 6 is pulled by the process of the drilling rig retreating to push out the built-in resin anchor 13, thereby realizing the integrated function of drilling, injection and anchoring. This product is used in conjunction with an airborne anchor drill. Only by using the forward and reverse rotation function of the airborne anchor drill, it can realize automatic drilling and pre-tightening of the anchor. The power is provided by the backward movement of the drill rig, and the steel wire rope 6 is pulled out to bring out the resin anchor integrated in the rod body cavity. Compared with anchoring methods such as water pressure pushing and equipment pumping polyurethane, this solution has higher reliability and lower anchor requirements. However, how to automatically pull and detach the steel wire and realize automation without manual intervention in the process has become a major difficulty in the use of the product. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes an automatic drilling conversion sleeve and a method of using the same, which are used to assist in the anchoring support of coal mine tunnels. The sleeve is designed according to the installation process of a double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod, so that the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod can be mechanized and automated when used in conjunction with an ordinary anchor digging machine for support operations.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an automatic drilling conversion sleeve, including a hexagonal cavity and a threaded interface, and a centrifugal locking mechanism and an inclined hole arranged between the hexagonal cavity and the threaded interface, wherein: the hexagonal cavity is used to connect the hexagonal nut of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod; the threaded interface is used to connect the output shaft of the drilling rig; the centrifugal locking mechanism is used to lock and loosen the pull ring of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod.

[0005] Furthermore, the centrifugal locking mechanism includes an elastic component and a rotating block. The rotating block is ejected into a locked state by the elastic force of the elastic component under normal conditions, and is retracted into a loose state by overcoming the elastic force of the elastic component under the influence of centrifugal force during rotation.

[0006] Furthermore, the elastic component is a ring made of rubber material, which is used to provide an elastic force for inward contraction.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotating block is a special-shaped metal part composed of a plurality of sector-shaped surfaces.

[0008] Furthermore, a mounting shaft hole is processed on the rotating block, and the rotating block rotates around the mounting shaft hole under the elastic force of the elastic component.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting shaft hole is located on a side deviating from the geometric center of the rotating block.

[0010] Furthermore, a groove for fixing the elastic component is provided on the rotating block.

[0011] Furthermore, the corners of the rotating block are rounded.

[0012] Furthermore, there are 8 transfer blocks.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for using an automatic drilling conversion sleeve, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Connect the threaded interface of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve to the output shaft of the anchor drilling rig, and fix the conversion sleeve and the output shaft with thread glue or a stop pin to ensure that the drilling rig will not slip during forward and reverse rotation;

[0015] Step 2: Install the hexagonal nut of the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor into the hexagonal cavity of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve. At the same time, the centrifugal locking mechanism of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve is constrained by the elastic component, and the rotating block naturally pops out to clamp the pull ring of the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor;

[0016] Step 3: Operate the drilling rig to move backward and pull the wire rope of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod. After the wire rope changes direction through the elastic cylindrical pin on the drill bit, it pulls the piston forward, thereby pushing the anchoring agent out through the discharge hole below the drill bit.

[0017] Step 4. After all the anchoring agent is pushed out, operate the drilling rig to rotate. The rotating block of the centrifugal locking mechanism retracts into the cavity under the action of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. The centrifugal locking mechanism opens, and the pull-out ring is in a loose state. Then turn on the drilling water or air supply switch. The high-pressure water flow or air flow impacts the surface of the pull-out ring under the guidance of the inclined hole, and blows out the pull-out ring in a loose state.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0019] By using the automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention, the locking and loosening states of the locking mechanism can be switched by only using the forward and reverse rotation functions of the airborne anchor drill. The drilling rig is retreated to provide power, and the pull-out ring of the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor is pulled through the locking mechanism to pull the steel wire and push out the resin anchor. When the present invention is used, the last manual process in the support process (disassembly of the pull-out ring) can be omitted, making the installation process of the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor fully automated. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention and the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor can realize the automated support function on traditional equipment. Specific advantages include:

[0020] (1) The present invention provides a new centrifugal self-locking structure: an elastic component and a rotating block are integrated in the internal cavity of the conversion sleeve. The rotating block pops out toward the axis under the constraint of the elastic component so that it can clamp the pull-out ring. At this time, the drilling rig can be directly operated to retreat and pull the wire. After the traction is completed, the drilling rig is operated to rotate, and the rotating block rotates and retracts into the cavity under the action of centrifugal force. The pull-out ring loses its position restriction and leaves the self-locking state. At this time, the pull-out ring is blown out in time and the subsequent operation process is carried out to realize automated installation.

[0021] (2) The present invention provides a new type of rotating block structure, which has a simple structure, low failure rate and convenient maintenance. The rotating block is composed of multiple sector-shaped surfaces, which not only ensures the locking effect but also reduces the damage to the elastic component. The mounting shaft hole is located on the side deviating from the geometric center. Under the action of the elastic component and centrifugal force, it can deflect around the mounting shaft to achieve locking and loosening of the pull ring at different positions.

[0022] (3) The present invention also provides a method for detaching parts during the rotation process: a circle of inclined holes is drilled inside the present invention to guide water flow to flush the internal parts of the drill sleeve. When the drill sleeve rotates at high speed, the locking rotating block retracts due to the centrifugal force, the pull ring loses its position constraint, and the water flow impact causes it to detach outward, completing the detachment of the remaining parts after the anchor rod is installed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a "double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod" used in conjunction with the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a side view of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a side view of the locking mechanism of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the process of blowing out the pull ring of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention;

[0029] The reference numerals in the figure include: a pull ring 1, a limit ring 2, a cone nut 3, a tray 4, a hollow rod body 5, a steel wire rope 6, an elastic cylindrical pin 7, a piston 8, an anchoring section rod body 9, an elastic cylindrical pin 10, a drill bit 11, an inner sleeve 12, an anchor 13; a hexagonal cavity 21, a locking mechanism 22, an inclined hole 23, a threaded interface 24, an elastic component 25, a rotating block 26, and a mounting shaft hole 27. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod of the present invention, which mainly includes a pull-out ring 1, a stop ring 2, a cone nut 3, a tray 4, a hollow rod body 5, a steel wire 6, an elastic cylindrical pin 7, a piston 8, an anchoring section rod body 9, an elastic cylindrical pin 10, a drill bit 11, an inner sleeve 12, and an anchor 13, wherein: a pull-out ring 1, a stop ring 2, and a cone nut 3 are arranged on the hollow rod body 5, a water supply channel (i.e., an inner sleeve 12) and an anchor 13 are arranged in the anchoring section rod body 9, pistons 8 are arranged at both ends of the anchor, steel wires 6 are arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow rod body and the anchoring section rod body for pulling the piston forward, and a drill bit 11 is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body, and the drill bit is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body through an elastic cylindrical pin 10. One end of the steel wire is connected to the pull-out ring, and the other end bypasses the elastic cylindrical pin on the drill bit and passes through the piston at one end of the anchor and is connected to the piston at the other end of the anchor. The external thread of the cone nut is a conical self-tapping thread, which is used to screw and engage with the inner hole of the tray 4 set on the hollow rod body. The product needs to push out the built-in resin anchor 13 by pulling the wire rope 6, and the wire rope 6 is fixed to the surface of the pull ring 1, and the wire is pulled to move by dragging the pull ring.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention comprises: a hexagonal cavity 21, a locking mechanism 22, an inclined hole 23 and a threaded interface 24, wherein: the left end is an inner hexagonal cavity 21, which is used to connect the hexagonal nut of the anchor rod (i.e. Figure 1The cone nut 3 in the hole is used for drilling and pre-tightening rotation; the right end is an internal thread interface 24, which is used to connect the output shaft of the drilling rig to transmit torque and is fixed by thread glue or a stop pin. A locking mechanism 22 and an inclined hole 23 are designed between the hexagonal cavity 21 and the threaded interface 24, wherein the locking mechanism 22 is composed of an elastic component 25 and 8 rotating blocks 26. The elastic component 25 is a rubber ring used to provide an elastic force for inward contraction. The rotating block 26 is a special-shaped metal part composed of multiple fan-shaped surfaces, which is processed with a mounting shaft hole 27 and a groove for fixing the elastic component. In order to avoid rotation interference, the corners are rounded. The rotating block 26 rotates around the mounting shaft hole 27 under the elastic force of the elastic component. The elastic component 25 and the rotating block 26 are both installed on one side close to the hexagonal cavity. Under normal conditions, the rotating block pops out to a locked state under the elastic force of the elastic component, and is retracted to a loose state under the influence of centrifugal force during rotation to overcome the elastic force of the elastic component. The inclined hole 23 is located behind the locking mechanism 22 (close to the threaded interface 24) and is used to guide high-pressure water flow or high-pressure gas so that the water flow or gas is sprayed to the side along the inclined hole and flushes the pull ring;

[0032] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process of automatically blowing out the pull ring of the drilling conversion sleeve: the drill sleeve is rotated counterclockwise to retract the rotating block 26 inside the drilling conversion sleeve under the action of centrifugal force, and high-pressure water or high-pressure gas is introduced at this time, and the water flow or gas is sprayed to the side along the inclined hole 23 and flushes the pull ring, and the pull ring is blown out under the action of friction and impact, and the drilling rig can be operated to advance and drive the drilling rig to pre-tighten the nut.

[0033] The airborne anchor drilling rig matched with the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor is composed of a long feed mechanism, a short feed mechanism, a top plate mechanism, and a slideway assembly rotating mechanism, wherein: the top plate mechanism is controlled by a separate cylinder. When in use, the top plate mechanism is extended and supported on the coal wall to be drilled, and has the functions of stabilizing the anchor drilling rig and supporting the rod; the long and short feed cylinders are composed of two cylinders in parallel, and one hydraulic oil is controlled. The short feed cylinder causes the rotary drilling rig part to slide on the square guide rail, and the long feed cylinder causes the square guide rail to slide on the slideway assembly; the rotating mechanism is composed of a motor, an output shaft, and a drilling conversion sleeve. The torque is transmitted through the output shaft. The return seal in the water jacket ensures the sealing of slag discharge water and air. The conversion sleeve is used to connect and drive the anchor and lock the pull ring.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0035] An automatic drilling conversion sleeve of the present invention converts the output shaft interface of the airborne anchor drill so that the interface size can be matched with the construction of a "dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor". One end of the product is processed with an internal thread for connecting the drilling rig motor, and the other end is an internal hexagonal cavity for driving the self-drilling anchor nut to rotate. An automatic locking mechanism is designed in the middle of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve, which automatically locks under the elastic force of the elastic component to facilitate the retreat of the drilling rig to pull the steel wire; after the traction is completed, the hydraulic motor is rotated, and centrifugal force is generated during the high-speed rotation of the motor, so that the rotating block overcomes the elastic force of the elastic component and retracts into the cavity, so that the locking mechanism is opened to loosen, and the impact force of water flow or gas is used to blow out the pull ring of the "dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor", completely replacing the manual operation steps in the support process and realizing automated support. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0036] 1) Interface conversion: One end of the conversion sleeve is processed with an internal thread, which matches the output shaft thread of the anchor drill rig. The conversion sleeve and the output shaft are fixed by thread glue or a stop pin to ensure that the drill rig will not slip during forward and reverse rotation. The other end of the conversion sleeve is an internal hexagonal cavity, which matches the hexagonal nut (i.e., cone nut 3) of the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor to drive the nut to screw in and out;

[0037] 2) Locking and opening: A centrifugal locking mechanism 22 is installed inside the automatic drilling conversion sleeve. Under the constraint of the elastic component 25, the rotating block 26 naturally pops out and clamps the pull ring 1. At this time, the drilling rig can be directly operated to retreat and pull the wire rope 6. After the traction is completed, the drilling rig is operated to rotate. During the high-speed rotation process, the rotating block 26 is retracted into the cavity under the action of centrifugal force, and the pull ring 1 loses its position restriction, which meets the prerequisite for blowing out the pull ring;

[0038] 3) Blowing: After the locking mechanism 22 is opened, the drilling water supply switch is turned on, and the water flow impacts the surface of the pull-out ring under the guidance of the internal channel of the conversion sleeve (i.e., the inclined hole 23), blowing out the pull-out ring in a free state.

Claims

1. An automatic drilling conversion sleeve, characterized in that: It includes a hexagonal cavity and a threaded interface, and a centrifugal locking mechanism and an inclined hole arranged between the hexagonal cavity and the threaded interface, wherein: the hexagonal cavity is used to connect the hexagonal nut of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod; the threaded interface is used to connect the output shaft of the drilling rig; the centrifugal locking mechanism is used to lock and loosen the pull ring of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod.

2. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The centrifugal locking mechanism comprises an elastic component and a rotating block. The rotating block is ejected into a locked state by the elastic force of the elastic component under normal conditions, and is retracted into a loose state by overcoming the elastic force of the elastic component under the influence of centrifugal force during rotation.

3. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The elastic component is a ring made of rubber material, which is used to provide elastic force for inward contraction.

4. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotating block is a special-shaped metal part composed of a plurality of sector-shaped surfaces.

5. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A mounting shaft hole is processed on the rotating block, and the rotating block rotates around the mounting shaft hole under the elastic force of the elastic component.

6. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting shaft hole is located on a side deviating from the geometric center of the rotating block.

7. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove for fixing the elastic component is arranged on the rotating block.

8. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The corners of the rotating block are rounded.

9. The automatic drilling conversion sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are 8 rotating blocks.

10. A method for using an automatic drilling conversion sleeve, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Connect the threaded interface of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve to the output shaft of the anchor drilling rig, and fix the conversion sleeve and the output shaft with thread glue or a stop pin to ensure that the drilling rig will not slip during forward and reverse rotation; Step 2: Install the hexagonal nut of the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor into the hexagonal cavity of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve. At the same time, the centrifugal locking mechanism of the automatic drilling conversion sleeve is constrained by the elastic component, and the rotating block naturally pops out to clamp the pull ring of the dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor; Step 3: Operate the drilling rig to move backward and pull the wire rope of the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod. After the wire rope changes direction through the elastic cylindrical pin on the drill bit, it pulls the piston forward, thereby pushing the anchoring agent out through the discharge hole below the drill bit. Step 4. After all the anchoring agent is pushed out, operate the drilling rig to rotate. The rotating block of the centrifugal locking mechanism retracts into the cavity under the action of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. The centrifugal locking mechanism opens, and the pull-out ring is in a loose state. Then turn on the drilling water or air supply switch. The high-pressure water flow or air flow impacts the surface of the pull-out ring under the guidance of the inclined hole, and blows out the pull-out ring in a loose state.

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