Hoisting piece, air duct and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hoisting part, an air duct and a construction method. The hoisting part comprises a first adjusting unit, a hoisting unit and a second adjusting unit which are connected in sequence; the top face of the first adjusting unit is constructed to be an arc-shaped connecting face, the hoisting unit is used for adjusting the distance between the first adjusting unit and the second adjusting unit, and the second adjusting unit is used for connecting plates. According to the hoisting piece, the air duct and the construction method, the air duct comprises the hoisting piece. The construction method of the air duct comprises the following steps: positioning and punching; partition plate hoisting; and installing a drainage system. The base plates are assembled to form the partition plates, the construction efficiency is improved, the construction period is shortened, and the sealing performance of the air duct is better under the assistance of sealing structures such as a sealing layer. The base plate is installed in the tunnel through the hoisting piece, so that the base plate can be installed on a relatively rough primary lining surface, and the influence on the overall construction progress of the tunnel is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a hoisting component, an air duct and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] In existing tunnel construction, duct ventilation is used to replace single-ended forced air supply. Duct ventilation uses a partition to divide the inclined shaft section into two parts, the upper part of the partition is the air duct and the lower part is the transportation channel.

[0003] The air ducts in existing tunnels include concrete tunnel partition air ducts and metal plate tunnel partition air ducts. The former are formed by pouring concrete partitions, while the latter are formed by welding metal plates. Not only do they have problems such as long construction period and poor sealing, but they also need to be constructed simultaneously with the secondary lining, which greatly affects the overall construction progress of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the air duct in the existing tunnel has a long construction period, poor sealing, and needs to be constructed simultaneously with the secondary lining. The purpose is to provide a hoisting component, an air duct and a construction method to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a lifting component, comprising a first adjusting unit, a lifting unit, and a second adjusting unit connected in sequence; the top surface of the first adjusting unit is constructed as an arc-shaped connecting surface, the lifting unit is used to adjust the distance between the first adjusting unit and the second adjusting unit, and the second adjusting unit is used to connect the plate.

[0007] In a possible design, the first adjustment unit includes a first adjustment frame and a first connecting plate. The first adjustment frame has relative upper and lower ends. The upper end of the first adjustment frame is provided with the arc connecting surface. The lower end of the first adjustment frame is connected to the first connecting plate. The first connecting plate is used to connect the lifting unit.

[0008] In a possible design, the second adjustment unit includes a second adjustment frame and an adjustment rod. The second adjustment frame has a hollow structure adapted to the lifting unit. A locking groove is provided on the side of the second adjustment frame. The adjustment rod is passed through the lifting unit, and both ends of the adjustment rod pass through the locking groove and extend outside the second adjustment frame respectively. The part of the adjustment rod located outside the second adjustment frame is provided with a thread, and accordingly, a locking nut is provided on the adjustment rod.

[0009] In one possible design, the lifting unit is a square steel hole tube, a round steel hole tube, an elliptical hole tube or a steel flat tube hole tube;

[0010] It also includes a lifting rope, which is located outside the lifting unit and is arranged parallel to the lifting unit, and both ends of the lifting rope are respectively connected with a lifting hook;

[0011] Accordingly, one end of the suspension rope extends to the first adjustment unit and forms a first connection point with the first adjustment unit, and the other end of the suspension rope extends to the second adjustment unit and forms a second connection point with the second adjustment unit;

[0012] Correspondingly, a base is connected below the second adjusting unit, and the suspension rope is connected to the base via a suspension hook.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an air duct comprising a base plate, a connecting piece, a drainage system and the aforementioned hanging piece; a plurality of base plates are provided, adjacent base plates are connected by connecting pieces and spliced ​​to form partitions for dividing tunnels, the partitions are connected to the aforementioned hanging piece by connecting pieces, the drainage system is connected to the sides of the partitions, and sealing layers are provided at the connections between adjacent base plates and at the connections between the partitions and the drainage system.

[0014] In one possible design, the substrate includes a core, a cover plate and a reinforcement plate. The upper and lower surfaces of the core are respectively connected to a cover plate. The side of the core is provided with a first inner groove. The reinforcement plate is an I-shaped plate and has relative outer protrusions and a second inner groove. The outer protrusion of the reinforcement plate is inserted into the first inner groove, and the second inner groove of the reinforcement plate faces outward and is connected to the outside world.

[0015] In a possible design, the connecting member includes a T-shaped keel and a third connecting plate, the T-shaped keel includes a plug-in portion and an intermediate plate connected in sequence, the plug-in portion is adapted to the second inner groove, the intermediate plate extends upward and is connected to the third connecting plate, the third connecting plate is used to connect the hanging member, accordingly, at least one third connecting plate is provided, when multiple third connecting plates are provided, the third connecting plates are arranged one-to-one with the hanging member.

[0016] In one possible design, the drainage system includes a drainage trough and a drainage pipe, the partition is inclined, the drainage trough is connected to the lower side of the partition, the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage trough and extends downward, and a control valve is provided on the drainage pipe;

[0017] The upper end of the hanging component is connected to the steel arch through an arc-shaped connecting surface, and correspondingly, the hanging component is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel through the steel arch.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing an air duct, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Positioning and drilling: the elevation of the partition is positioned by a total station; the installation holes of the hoisting parts are obtained by the line-laying positioning method;

[0020] Initial installation of partitions: installation of lifting ropes; installation of baseboards; connection of adjacent baseboards; repeating the above steps until all baseboards are installed;

[0021] Partition installation: adjacent base plates are spliced ​​together; the lifting parts except the lifting rope are installed; the above steps are repeated until the partition is formed;

[0022] Drainage system installation: fix the drain gutter; install the drain pipe; apply sealant.

[0023] In one possible design, the step partition installation can be interchanged with the step drainage system installation order.

[0024] In one possible design,

[0025] During the step of positioning and drilling, if the tunnel wall is uneven, it is leveled by applying concrete; then the steel arch is installed; the installation hole is opened on the steel arch;

[0026] During the installation of the lifting rope, one end of the lifting rope is connected to the steel arch through a lifting hook, and the other end of the lifting rope is connected to the third connecting plate through a base;

[0027] The base plate installation comprises the following steps: the T-shaped keel is connected to the second adjustment unit; the base plate is spliced ​​on both sides of the T-shaped keel; and a sealant is applied to the connection;

[0028] In the step of splicing adjacent substrates, the adjacent substrates are adjusted and assembled to eliminate gaps between the adjacent substrates and obtain a partition;

[0029] During the installation of the parts of the hoisting parts except the hoisting rope, the first adjusting unit, the hoisting unit and the second adjusting unit are installed in sequence from top to bottom, the first adjusting unit is connected to the steel arch, the second adjusting unit is connected to the third connecting plate through the base, and the first adjusting unit, the hoisting unit and the second adjusting unit are adjusted separately as needed.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] Several base plates were designed using a modular concept. The base plates were assembled at the construction site to form the required partitions, which helped to improve construction efficiency and shorten the construction period. At the same time, the partitions formed by splicing the base plates can effectively separate the tunnel, so that the air duct and the transportation channel are not connected to each other. With the help of sealing structures such as sealing layers, the air duct is better sealed.

[0032] Aiming at the secondary lining construction problem, a hoisting piece with adjustment function is designed. The base plate is connected to the tunnel wall through the hoisting piece. According to the actual installation position, the hoisting piece can be adaptively adjusted so that the base plate is at the same height and forms a partition, which improves the adaptability and ensures the quality of the partition. Therefore, the partition can be installed on the relatively rough primary lining surface, which has little impact on the overall construction progress of the tunnel.

[0033] In addition, compared with concrete tunnel partition air ducts and metal plate tunnel partition air ducts, the main structure of the air duct provided by the present invention is a hanging part and a base plate, which not only has a low cost, but is also easy to dismantle after the tunnel is penetrated, and the dismantling cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an air duct.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure of the upper part of the lifting component.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting unit.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure of the lower part of the lifting component.

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting parts.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage system structure.

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate.

[0043] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0044] 100, first adjustment unit; 101, first adjustment frame; 102, first connecting plate; 200, lifting unit; 300, second adjustment unit; 301, second adjustment frame; 302, adjustment rod; 400, base plate; 401, plate core; 402, covering plate; 403, reinforcing plate; 404, first inner groove; 405, second inner groove; 500, connecting piece; 501, T-shaped keel; 502, third connecting plate; 503, plug-in part; 504, middle plate; 600, drainage system; 601, drainage trough; 602, drainage pipe; 603, fixing screw; 604, iron expansion tube; 700, sealing layer; 800, steel arch; 901, lifting rope; 902, base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not necessarily employed to practice the present invention. In other embodiments, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described.

[0047] Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. In addition, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “up”, “down”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “high”, “low”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In view of the current situation that the air duct in the existing tunnel has a long construction period, poor sealing, and needs to be constructed simultaneously with the secondary lining, the present invention uses a modular concept to design a number of base plates, which are assembled at the construction site to form the required partitions, which helps to improve construction efficiency and shorten the construction period; at the same time, the partitions formed by splicing the base plates can effectively separate the tunnel, so that the air duct and the transportation channel are not connected to each other, and with the help of sealing structures such as sealing layers, the air duct has better sealing.

[0050] Aiming at the secondary lining construction problem, a hoisting piece with adjustment function is designed. The base plate is connected to the tunnel wall through the hoisting piece. According to the actual installation position, the hoisting piece can be adaptively adjusted so that the base plate is at the same height and forms a partition, which improves the adaptability and ensures the quality of the partition. Therefore, the partition can be installed on the relatively rough primary lining surface, which has little impact on the overall construction progress of the tunnel.

[0051] In addition, compared with concrete tunnel partition air ducts and metal plate tunnel partition air ducts, the main structure of the air duct provided by the present invention is a hanging part and a base plate, which not only has a low cost, but is also easy to dismantle after the tunnel is penetrated, and the dismantling cost is low.

[0052] The following are explained separately:

[0053] Embodiment 1:

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, a hanging component includes a first adjusting unit 100, a hanging unit 200 and a second adjusting unit 300 connected in sequence; the top surface of the first adjusting unit 100 is constructed as an arc-shaped connecting surface, the hanging unit 200 is used to adjust the distance between the first adjusting unit 100 and the second adjusting unit 300, and the second adjusting unit 300 is used to connect the plate.

[0055] Combined with the construction scenario, the tunnel wall is curved, and the wall is uneven after the first lining is constructed. At this time, the hanging parts are connected to the tunnel wall through the curved connection surface, and the curved connection surface is adapted to the curvature of the corresponding connection, which increases the contact area between the hanging parts and the tunnel, and the connection is more stable and reliable. Furthermore, when there are multiple hanging parts, the curvature of the curved connection surface is adjusted to suit different connections to ensure that the connection of each hanging part is stable and reliable.

[0056] The hanging unit 200 can adjust the distance between the first adjusting unit 100 and the second adjusting unit 300, and then adjust the height of the hanging component so that the base plate 400 is at the designed height; at the same time, the second adjusting unit 300 is used to connect the base plate 400 so that the hanging component and the base plate 400 are connected as a whole.

[0057] Based on this, the hoisting parts can not only adjust the curvature of the arc-shaped connecting surface, but also adjust the spacing through the hoisting unit 200. It can not only flexibly cope with the complex wall environment of the tunnel primary lining so that the air duct does not need to be constructed together with the secondary lining, but also can cooperate with each other through multiple adjustments to improve construction accuracy and ensure construction quality.

[0058] During operation, the corresponding hanging parts are selected according to the curvature of the installation point, and then the hanging parts are installed at the corresponding points. Then, the hanging unit 200 is adjusted according to the design requirements, and then the height of the base plate 400 is adjusted until the adjacent base plates 400 are located on the same plane.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the first adjustment unit 100 includes a first adjustment frame 101 and a first connecting plate 102, the first adjustment frame 101 has relative upper and lower ends, the upper end of the first adjustment frame 101 is provided with the arc connecting surface, the lower end of the first adjustment frame 101 is connected to the first connecting plate 102, and the first connecting plate 102 is connected to the lifting unit 200 by bolts. Accordingly, the upper end of the lifting unit 200 is provided with a second connecting plate for connecting the first connecting plate 102.

[0060] Based on the above design scheme, the first adjustment frame 101 can select any suitable existing plate material, so as to obtain materials locally and reduce economic costs. At the same time, according to different installation points, the staff processes the first adjustment frame 101 and forms an adaptive arc-shaped connection surface to ensure the connection performance. And the first adjustment frame 101 is frame-shaped, which helps to reduce weight. It is easy to understand that the first adjustment frame 101 can be constructed in any suitable shape. And the first adjustment unit 100 is connected to the hoisting unit 200 by bolts, which improves the disassembly and assembly performance of the hoisting parts.

[0061] It is easy to understand that the first adjustment frame 101 is connected to the tunnel by any suitable detachable connection method, so as to facilitate disassembly at a later time, realize the reuse of the lifting parts, and further reduce the engineering cost.

[0062] Optionally, the first connecting plate 102 and the second connecting plate can be made of any suitable plate materials and can be constructed into any suitable shapes.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the second adjustment unit 300 includes a second adjustment frame 301 and an adjustment rod 302. The second adjustment frame 301 has a hollow structure adapted to the lifting unit 200. The side of the second adjustment frame 301 is provided with a through locking groove. The adjustment rod 302 is passed through the lifting unit 200, and both ends of the adjustment rod 302 respectively pass through the locking groove and extend to the outside of the second adjustment frame 301; the part of the adjustment rod 302 located outside the second adjustment frame 301 is provided with a thread, and accordingly, a locking nut is provided on the adjustment rod 302.

[0064] Based on the above design, the lower end of the hanging unit 200 is inserted into the second adjustment frame 301 and can reciprocate along the second adjustment frame 301, so as to adjust the distance between the first adjustment unit 100 and the second adjustment unit 300, and then adjust the height of the base plate 400. When the height of the base plate 400 is at the designed height, tighten the locking nut to fix the position of the hanging unit 200, and try to avoid accidental disturbance between the hanging unit 200 and the second adjustment frame 301.

[0065] Optionally, locking nuts are respectively provided at both ends of the adjusting rod 302, and the two locking nuts cooperate with each other to improve the fixing effect. Based on this, the structure of the hanging part is simpler, which helps to reduce the cost.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the hanging unit 200 uses a square steel hole pipe, a round steel hole pipe, an elliptical hole pipe or a steel flat tube hole pipe. Based on the above design, the weight of the hanging unit 200 is reduced by using a perforated pipe, so that the hanging part is lighter.

[0067] In a possible implementation, (the hanging member) further includes a hanging rope 901, the hanging rope 901 is located outside the hanging unit 200 and is arranged parallel to the hanging unit 200, and both ends of the hanging rope 901 are respectively connected with a hook;

[0068] Accordingly, one end of the suspension rope 901 extends to the first adjustment unit 100 and forms a first connection point with the first adjustment unit 100, and the other end of the suspension rope 901 extends to the second adjustment unit 300 and forms a second connection point with the second adjustment unit 300;

[0069] Correspondingly, a base 902 is connected below the second adjustment unit 300 , and a suspension rope 901 is connected to the base 902 via a suspension hook.

[0070] Based on the above design, both the lifting rope 901 and the lifting unit 200 can bear a certain load. In actual construction, the difference between the two is that after multiple substrates 400 are connected to form a partition, if only the lifting unit 200 is used to bear the load, after removing one of the substrates 400 and the lifting unit 200 connected to it, the overall bearing performance of the partition is destroyed and cannot bear the load. In this case, during the disassembly and assembly of the air duct, the workers cannot work on the partition and need to use other work platforms. On the contrary, if only the lifting rope 901 is used to bear the load, after removing one of the substrates 400 and the lifting rope 901 connected to it, the overall bearing performance of the partition is not destroyed and the partition can still bear a certain load. In this case, during the disassembly and assembly of the air duct, the workers can work on the partition without the need for other work platforms.

[0071] Furthermore, the combination of the two can not only increase the bearing capacity of the partition, but also facilitate working on the partition without the need for other working platforms. At the same time, during the disassembly and assembly of the air duct, the hanging rope 901 is first installed so that the corresponding base plate 400 has a bearing capacity to facilitate working on the partition. In addition, the hanging rope 901 is located outside the hanging unit 200, and the two are parallel to each other, making disassembly and assembly more convenient and quick, which helps to improve construction efficiency.

[0072] The second adjustment unit 300 and the suspension rope 901 are connected via a base 902 , and are also connected to the base plate 400 via the base 902 . It is easy to understand that the base 902 can be constructed in any suitable shape.

[0073] Optionally, the suspension rope 901 connects the first adjustment unit 100 and the second adjustment unit 300 through a suspension hook, and a connection point is formed through the suspension hook to achieve connection. It is easy to understand that the suspension rope 901 can be selected from any suitable existing model, and the suspension hook can be constructed into any suitable structure.

[0074] In summary, the hoisting parts have the characteristics of simple structure and repeatable assembly and disassembly, which not only effectively reduces the economic cost but also can be reused multiple times.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] Based on Example 1, this embodiment introduces an air duct, which includes a base plate 400, a connecting piece 500, a drainage system 600 and the hanging piece; a plurality of base plates 400 are provided, and adjacent base plates 400 are connected by connecting pieces 500 and spliced ​​to form a partition for dividing the tunnel, and the top surface of the partition is connected to the hanging piece through the connecting piece 500, and the drainage system 600 is connected to the side of the partition, and the connection between adjacent base plates 400 and the connection between the partition and the drainage system 600 are provided with a sealing layer 700.

[0077] Among them, adjacent base plates 400 are connected by connecting pieces 500, and the connecting pieces 500 are also used to connect the hanging pieces, so as to realize the connection between the base plate 400 and the hanging pieces, thereby fixing the base plate 400 at a certain height in the tunnel, and multiple base plates 400 are spliced ​​together to form a partition. At the same time, the air channel is also provided with a drainage system 600 to drain water in time to avoid water accumulation on the partition.

[0078] It is easy to understand that the adjacent substrates 400 are connected by the connectors 500, but there are still gaps. In order to improve the sealing of the air duct, a sealing layer 700 is provided at the connection between the adjacent substrates 400. The sealing layer 700 is formed by solidifying a sealant. On the basis of filling the gap, the waterproofness and air tightness of the partition are improved. The flexible connection at the joint is also achieved through the sealing layer 700. Due to the existence of the flexible connection, the partition has a stronger ability to withstand changes in wind pressure. When the wind pressure in the air duct changes, the partition is less likely to crack.

[0079] Similarly, the connection between the partition and the drainage system 600 is also provided with a sealing layer 700. In addition, it is easy to understand that if the drainage system 600 is connected to the tunnel wall, the connection between the drainage system 600 and the tunnel wall should also be provided with a sealing layer 700.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the substrate 400 includes a core plate 401, a cover plate 402 and a reinforcing plate 403. The upper and lower surfaces of the core plate 401 are respectively connected to a cover plate 402. The side of the core plate 401 is provided with a first inner groove 404. The reinforcing plate 403 is a cross-shaped plate and has relative outer protrusions and a second inner groove 405. The outer protrusion of the reinforcing plate 403 is inserted into the first inner groove 404, and the second inner groove 405 of the reinforcing plate 403 faces outward and is connected to the outside world.

[0081] Optionally, the core 401 is made of hollow microspheres, which are made of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide after being fired and sorted at 1400°C, and have good sound insulation, flame retardancy, good electrical insulation, low density, low oil absorption, and high strength. The cover plate 402 is made of color steel, which is a steel plate with an organic coating, and has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, bright colors, beautiful appearance, easy processing and molding, and the original strength of the steel plate, and has the characteristics of low cost.

[0082] Therefore, the substrate 400 has good durability, heat insulation and sound insulation and noise reduction, and is light in weight. Therefore, it can adapt to the high temperature and high humidity environment in the tunnel, has a long service life, and reduces the cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0083] It is easy to understand that the core plate 401 and the cover plate 402 can also be made of any other suitable materials.

[0084] At the same time, if Figure 8 As shown, in order to facilitate connection with the connecting member 500, a first inner groove 404 is provided on the side of the board core 401. In order to prevent the first inner groove 404 from reducing the strength of the base plate 400, a reinforcing plate 403 is inserted into the first inner groove 404. It is easy to understand that, in general, a first inner groove 404 and a corresponding reinforcing plate 403 are provided on each side of the board core 401. If necessary, if the base plate 400 is a long strip, its two ends abut against the tunnel wall, and its two sides are used to connect adjacent base plates 400, at this time, the first inner groove 404 and the corresponding reinforcing plate 403 can also be provided only on both sides of the base plate 400.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the connecting member 500 includes a T-shaped keel 501 and a third connecting plate 502, the T-shaped keel 501 includes a plug-in portion 503 and an intermediate plate 504 connected in sequence, the plug-in portion 503 is adapted to the second inner groove 405, the intermediate plate 504 extends upward and is connected to the third connecting plate 502, the third connecting plate 502 is used to connect the hanging member, accordingly, at least one third connecting plate 502 is provided, when multiple third connecting plates 502 are provided, the third connecting plates 502 are arranged one-to-one with the hanging member.

[0086] Based on the above design, the main structure of the T-shaped keel 501 is the plug-in portion 503, which is plugged into the second inner groove 405 and then connected to the two adjacent base plates 400 through the sealing layer 700. The sealing layer 700 has a connection and sealing function. The middle plate 504 passes through the gap between the two adjacent base plates 400 and extends above the base plates 400, so that the third connecting plate 502 is located on the top surface of the base plate 400, so as to facilitate the connection of the hanging parts through the third connecting plate 502. Figure 6 As shown, in the hanging part, the lower end of the second adjustment frame 301 is provided with a plate adapted to the third connecting plate 502, and the two plates are detachably connected by bolts to facilitate disassembly and conversion.

[0087] It is easy to understand that, on the basis of being able to be inserted into the second inner groove 405, the plug-in portion 503 can be configured into any suitable shape, preferably, as Figure 6 As shown, the plug-in portion 503 is constructed as a hollow frame to reduce weight.

[0088] When the adjacent substrates 400 are coated with sealant to form the sealing layer 700, the sealant is squeezed in from the contact surface between the middle plate 504 and the substrate 400, so that the sealant flows along the middle plate 504 and the plug-in portion 503 to the bottom surface of the substrate 400. When the sealant overflows from the bottom surface and both ends of the substrate 400, the squeezing of the sealant can be stopped. It is easy to understand that the sealant is added from multiple points at the same time to improve the coating efficiency.

[0089] In a possible implementation, the drainage system 600 includes a drainage trough 601 and a drainage pipe 602 . The partition is inclined, the drainage trough 601 is connected to the lower side of the partition, the drainage pipe 602 is connected to the drainage trough 601 and extends downward, and a control valve is provided on the drainage pipe 602 .

[0090] Based on the above design, the drainage groove 601 is made by bending the plate, and as Figure 7As shown, when the drainage pipe 602 extends downward along the tunnel wall, one side of the drainage groove 601 is located below the partition and connected to the partition, and the other side of the drainage groove 601 is connected to the tunnel wall. Therefore, the two sides of the plate are bent respectively to make the drainage groove 601 configured in any suitable shape; and when the drainage groove 601 is coated with sealant, the connection between the drainage groove 601 and the partition and the connection between the drainage groove 601 and the wall are coated with sealant.

[0091] The drain pipe 602 can be made of any suitable pipe material, including but not limited to PVC water pipe. A control valve is provided on the drain pipe 602 to control the opening and closing of the drain pipe 602. Further, the connection between the air duct and the transportation channel is controlled to ensure the air tightness of the air duct.

[0092] Specifically, the partition is used to separate the air duct and the transportation channel to ensure the airtightness of the air duct. However, in order to drain the water in the air duct, the partition is connected to the drainage system 600, but the drainage system 600 also connects the air duct with the transportation channel, which is not conducive to the airtightness of the air duct. Therefore, a control valve is set on the drainage pipe 602 so that the drainage pipe 602 is opened and connected to the air duct and the transportation channel only when draining water, reducing the time that the air duct and the transportation channel are connected, and ensuring the airtightness of the air duct. Accordingly, the partition and the drainage system 600 have a certain water storage capacity.

[0093] It is easy to understand that the control valve is connected to any suitable existing control system to achieve automatic control and reduce manual participation and staff workload.

[0094] Furthermore, the partition is tilted so that water flows into the drainage groove 601 under the action of gravity, thereby improving drainage efficiency. It is easy to understand that the partition has two sides. Generally, the drainage system 600 can be set on one side of the partition. In this case, one side of the partition is high and the other side is low. If necessary, the drainage system 600 can also be set on both sides of the partition. In this case, the middle of the partition is high and the two sides are low.

[0095] In a possible implementation, the upper end of the hanging component is connected to the steel arch 800 via an arc-shaped connecting surface, and correspondingly, the hanging component is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel via the steel arch 800.

[0096] Based on the above design, the hoisting parts are connected to the tunnel wall through the steel arch 800. The steel arch 800 serves as the rear support of the advance support, which improves the stability of the tunnel lining, effectively limits its deformation, and ensures the stability and safety of the tunnel; and the steel arch 800 can also bear part of the load, reduce the stress concentration of the surrounding rock, and protect the safety of the tunnel structure. For the hoisting parts, when the steel arch 800 is connected to the tunnel wall, the arc-shaped connection surface is easier to process, the connection is more convenient, and the quality of the connection can be improved.

[0097] And if Figure 2 As shown, the top surface of the steel arch 800 is connected with a plate, and the plate is fixed to the tunnel by chemical bolts; the bottom surface of the steel arch 800 is arc-shaped and connected to the arc-shaped connection surface of the hanging part. In addition, the steel arch 800 is connected to the hanging part by any suitable detachable connection method to facilitate later disassembly and assembly.

[0098] Embodiment 3:

[0099] This embodiment introduces a construction method of an air duct based on the second embodiment. The construction method of the air duct includes the following steps:

[0100] S100 positioning and drilling: the elevation of the partition is positioned by a total station; the installation holes of the hoisting parts are obtained by the line positioning method;

[0101] S200 Initial installation of partitions: installation of the lifting rope 901; installation of the base plate 400; connection of adjacent base plates 400; repeating the above steps until all base plates 400 are hoisted;

[0102] S300 Bulkhead installation: adjacent base plates 400 are spliced ​​together; the parts of the hanging parts except the hanging rope 901 are installed; the above steps are repeated until the bulkhead is formed;

[0103] S400 drainage system 600 installation: fix the drainage trough 601; install the drainage pipe 602; apply sealant.

[0104] Among them, in step S100, the partition elevation, the position of the lifting parts holes, etc. are designed in advance, and the staff then carries out the specific construction.

[0105] In step S200, the construction is carried out from top to bottom, and considering that the partition is composed of multiple substrates 400, the construction needs to be repeated. When the construction is repeated, the hanging rope 901 can be installed uniformly first, and then the substrate 400 can be constructed; or the corresponding hanging parts and substrates 400 can be constructed one by one.

[0106] At the same time, the load is borne by the lifting rope 901 in the lifting part, so that the partition formed by the splicing of the base plate 400 has a bearing capacity, so that it can be used as a construction platform for the workers, reducing the use of additional equipment. In addition, considering the relatively narrow environment of the tunnel, the construction is also more convenient.

[0107] At this time, in order to improve construction efficiency, when the substrates 400 are connected to form partitions, the adjacent substrates 400 can be roughly located in the same plane. At this time, the partition has a certain bearing capacity, but the sealing is poor, ensuring that the staff can carry out construction on the partition.

[0108] In step S300, the positional relationship between adjacent substrates 400 is further adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the substrates 400, ensuring that the adjacent substrates 400 are spliced ​​to form a well-sealed partition, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the partition. At the same time, the components other than the hanging rope 901 are installed to achieve position fixing.

[0109] In step S400, the drainage groove 601 is optionally connected to the partition through the fixing screws 603 and connected to the tunnel wall through the iron expansion tube 604. The drainage pipe 602 includes but is not limited to a PVC water pipe, and any suitable existing component can be selected to replace the fixing screws 603 and the iron expansion tube 604.

[0110] In a possible implementation, the order of the partition installation in step S300 and the installation of the drainage system 600 in step S400 can be interchanged. Based on the above design, in actual construction, if S400 is performed first, the construction difficulty, construction amount and construction error of the contact surface between the partition and the drainage system 600 are greater, so it is preferred to perform step S300 first and then step S400.

[0111] In a possible implementation, during the step of positioning and drilling, if the tunnel wall surface is uneven, it is leveled by applying concrete; then the steel arch 800 is installed; and the installation hole is opened on the steel arch 800. Based on the above design scheme, when the construction method of the air duct is constructed on a lining wall surface, it is easy to have an uneven tunnel wall surface. At this time, it is necessary to level it and then install the steel arch 800 to reduce the difficulty of installing the steel arch 800.

[0112] Theoretically, the construction method of the air duct can also be carried out after the second lining is completed. Since the second lining wall is smoother, there is no need for leveling. However, it is difficult to achieve the purpose of shortening the construction period. Therefore, the construction method of the air duct is preferably carried out after the first lining is constructed and before the second lining is constructed.

[0113] In a possible implementation, during the installation of the hanging rope 901, one end of the hanging rope 901 is connected to the steel arch 800 through a hook, and the other end of the hanging rope 901 is connected to the third connecting plate 502 through a base 902. Based on the above design, when the hanging rope 901 is installed, it is connected sequentially from top to bottom to ensure that the hanging rope 901 is tensioned to ensure that the base plate 400 can bear the load.

[0114] In one possible implementation, the installation of the substrate 400 includes the following steps: the T-shaped keel 501 is connected to the second adjustment unit 300; the substrate 400 is spliced ​​on both sides of the T-shaped keel 501; and sealant is applied to the connection. Based on the above design scheme, after the substrate 400 is spliced ​​on both sides of the T-shaped keel 501, the substrate 400 and the T-keel can be fixed. Among them, the sealant described in Example 2 and this embodiment is preferably a patented product of Henan Anzhu New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., a floating bead refractory gel, and its application number is CN202211367673.1, which will not be repeated here. It is easy to understand that the sealant can also be selected from any other suitable existing glue.

[0115] In a possible implementation, in the step of splicing adjacent substrates 400, the adjacent substrates 400 are adjusted and assembled, the gaps between the adjacent substrates 400 are eliminated, and a partition is obtained. Based on the above design, by finely adjusting the position of each substrate 400, the substrates 400 are connected and the gaps are eliminated, forming a partition and ensuring the sealing of the partition.

[0116] During the installation of the hoisting parts, the first adjustment unit 100, the hoisting unit 200 and the second adjustment unit 300 are installed in sequence from top to bottom, the first adjustment unit 100 is connected to the steel arch 800, the second adjustment unit 300 is connected to the third connecting plate 502 through the base 902, and the first adjustment unit 100, the hoisting unit 200 and the second adjustment unit 300 are adjusted as needed. Based on the above design scheme, the hoisting parts are installed one by one in order from top to bottom, or the first adjustment unit 100, the hoisting unit 200 and the second adjustment unit 300 are pre-assembled before construction, so as to further shorten the time for on-site construction and achieve the purpose of shortening the construction period. After the hoisting parts are installed, the spacing is adjusted by the hoisting unit 200 to adjust the height of the base plate 400.

[0117] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hanging part, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first adjusting unit (100), a hanging unit (200) and a second adjusting unit (300) which are connected in sequence; the top surface of the first adjusting unit (100) is constructed as an arc-shaped connecting surface; the hanging unit (200) is used to adjust the distance between the first adjusting unit (100) and the second adjusting unit (300); and the second adjusting unit (300) is used to connect plates.

2. The hanging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adjustment unit (100) comprises a first adjustment frame (101) and a first connecting plate (102); the first adjustment frame (101) has opposite upper and lower ends; the upper end of the first adjustment frame (101) is provided with the arc connecting surface; the lower end of the first adjustment frame (101) is connected to the first connecting plate (102); the first connecting plate (102) is connected to the hanging unit (200) via bolts; correspondingly, the upper end of the hanging unit (200) is provided with a second connecting plate for connecting to the first connecting plate (102).

3. The hanging piece according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second adjustment unit (300) comprises a second adjustment frame (301) and an adjustment rod (302); the second adjustment frame (301) has a hollow structure adapted to the hanging unit (200); a through locking groove is provided on the side of the second adjustment frame (301); the adjustment rod (302) is passed through the hanging unit (200), and both ends of the adjustment rod (302) respectively pass through the locking groove and extend to the outside of the second adjustment frame (301); a portion of the adjustment rod (302) located outside the second adjustment frame (301) is provided with a thread, and correspondingly, a locking nut is provided on the adjustment rod (302).

4. The hanging piece according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The lifting unit (200) (200) is a square steel hole pipe, a round steel hole pipe, an elliptical hole pipe or a steel flat tube hole pipe; It also includes a lifting rope (901), which is located outside the lifting unit (200) and is arranged parallel to the lifting unit (200), and both ends of the lifting rope (901) are respectively connected to a lifting hook; Correspondingly, one end of the suspension rope (901) extends to the first adjustment unit (100) and forms a first connection point with the first adjustment unit (100), and the other end of the suspension rope (901) extends to the second adjustment unit (300) and forms a second connection point with the second adjustment unit (300); Correspondingly, a base (902) is connected below the second adjustment unit (300), and a suspension rope (901) is connected to the base (902) via a suspension hook.

5. An air duct, characterized in that: It comprises a base plate (400), a connecting piece (500), a drainage system (600) and a hanging piece according to any one of claims 1 to 4; a plurality of base plates (400) are provided, adjacent base plates (400) are connected by connecting pieces (500) and spliced ​​to form a partition for dividing a tunnel, the partition is connected to the hanging piece by connecting pieces (500), the drainage system (600) is connected to the side of the partition, and the connection between adjacent base plates (400) and the connection between the partition and the drainage system (600) are provided with a sealing layer (700).

6. The air duct according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base plate (400) comprises a core plate (401), a cover plate (402) and a reinforcing plate (403). The upper and lower surfaces of the core plate (401) are respectively connected to a cover plate (402). The side surface of the core plate (401) is provided with a first inner groove (404). The reinforcing plate (403) is a "X"-shaped plate and has a relative outer protrusion and a second inner groove (405). The outer protrusion of the reinforcing plate (403) is inserted into the first inner groove (404), and the second inner groove (405) of the reinforcing plate (403) faces outward and is connected to the outside.

7. The air duct according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting piece (500) includes a T-shaped keel (501) and a third connecting plate (502), the T-shaped keel (501) includes a plug-in portion (503) and an intermediate plate (504) connected in sequence, the plug-in portion (503) is adapted to the second inner groove (405), the intermediate plate (504) extends upward and is connected to the third connecting plate (502), the third connecting plate (502) is used to connect the hanging piece, accordingly, at least one third connecting plate (502) is provided, when a plurality of third connecting plates (502) are provided, the third connecting plates (502) are arranged one-to-one with the hanging piece.

8. The air duct according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The drainage system (600) includes a drainage trough (601) and a drainage pipe (602). The partition is inclined. The drainage trough (601) is connected to the lower side of the partition. The drainage pipe (602) is connected to the drainage trough (601) and extends downward. A control valve is provided on the drainage pipe (602). The upper end of the hanging component is connected to the steel arch (800) via an arc-shaped connecting surface, and correspondingly, the hanging component is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel via the steel arch (800).

9. A method for constructing an air duct according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Positioning and drilling: the elevation of the partition is positioned by a total station; the installation holes of the hoisting parts are obtained by the line-laying positioning method; Initial installation of the partition: installing the lifting rope (901); installing the base plate (400); connecting adjacent base plates (400); repeating the above steps until all base plates (400) are hoisted; Partition installation: adjacent base plates (400) are spliced ​​together; the parts of the hanging parts except the hanging rope (901) are installed; the above steps are repeated until the partition is formed by splicing; Installation of drainage system (600): fixing drainage trough (601); installing drainage pipe (602); applying sealant.

10. The construction method of the air duct according to claim 9, characterized in that: During the positioning and drilling, if the tunnel wall surface is uneven, it is leveled by applying concrete; then the steel arch (800) is installed; and a mounting hole is opened on the steel arch (800); During the installation of the lifting rope (901), one end of the lifting rope (901) is connected to the steel arch (800) through a lifting hook, and the other end of the lifting rope (901) is connected to the third connecting plate (502) through a base (902); The installation of the base plate (400) comprises the following steps: the T-shaped keel (501) is connected to the second adjustment unit (300); the base plate (400) is spliced ​​on both sides of the T-shaped keel (501); and a sealant is applied to the connection; In the step of splicing adjacent substrates (400), the adjacent substrates (400) are adjusted and assembled to eliminate the gap between the adjacent substrates (400) and obtain a partition; In the step of installing the parts of the hoisting component except the hoisting rope (901), the first adjusting unit (100), the hoisting unit (200) and the second adjusting unit (300) are installed in sequence from top to bottom, the first adjusting unit (100) is connected to the steel arch (800), the second adjusting unit (300) is connected to the third connecting plate (502) through the base (902), and the first adjusting unit (100), the hoisting unit (200) and the second adjusting unit (300) are adjusted respectively as needed.

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