System and method for regulating and controlling air volume of main ventilator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine ventilation, in particular to a main ventilator air volume regulation and control system and method.The main ventilator air volume regulation and control system comprises a data collection module, a data processing module and a regulation and control module, and the data collection module is used for collecting mine data and main ventilator data in real time; the data processing module is used for receiving and analyzing the data acquired by the data acquisition module, determining real-time working condition point data of the main ventilator according to a main ventilator characteristic curve and a mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, judging the matching between the real-time operation state of the main ventilator and the mine demand, outputting a regulation and control instruction, and controlling the main ventilator to operate according to the regulation and control instruction. The regulation and control module is used for regulating the power of the frequency converter according to the regulation and control instruction so as to regulate the rotating speed of the main ventilator, the air volume regulation and control system of the main ventilator can flexibly regulate the air volume, and the regulation range is large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine ventilation, and in particular to a main ventilation fan air volume control system and method. Background Art

[0002] Mine ventilation refers to the input of fresh air into the mine to increase the oxygen concentration, dilute and remove toxic and harmful gases and dust in the mine. In the related art, the required air volume of the mine is achieved by adjusting the air network resistance and the blade angle of the main fan. However, when adjusting the air network resistance, it is necessary to adjust each branch one by one, and recalculate the resistance adjustment amount of all channels until the resistance of all channels is balanced. When adjusting the blade angle, the adjustment range is limited, and it is difficult to adapt to the air volume requirements under different working conditions, and the air volume adjustment capacity is limited. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to at least a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a main fan air volume control system, which can flexibly adjust the ventilation volume and has a large adjustment range.

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for controlling the air volume of a main ventilation fan.

[0005] The main fan air volume control system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a data acquisition module, which is used to collect mine data and main fan data in real time; a data processing module, which is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the data acquisition module, determine the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, judge the matching between the real-time operating status of the main fan and the mine demand, and output control instructions; a control module, which is used to adjust the inverter power according to the control instruction to adjust the speed of the main fan.

[0006] The main fan air volume control system of the embodiment of the present invention can flexibly adjust the ventilation volume and has a large adjustment range.

[0007] In some embodiments, the data processing module determines the real-time operating point data through the intersection of the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, and outputs control instructions in combination with the real-time data collected by the data collection module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the data processing module compares the real-time mining point data of the main ventilation fan with the real-time data, calculates the difference between the actual required air volume of the mine and the current air volume, and outputs control instructions according to the difference.

[0009] In some embodiments, the frequency converter uses PID to adjust the speed of the main fan according to the control instruction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the main fan air volume control system also includes an emergency response module, which is used to issue an alarm message when the real-time data exceeds the set safety threshold, and output a control instruction based on the real-time calculated emergency exhaust air volume demand, and increase the fan speed through the frequency converter until the real-time data is within the set safety threshold.

[0011] In some embodiments, the emergency response module includes: an emergency monitoring unit, which is used to determine whether the real-time data exceeds the set safety threshold; an emergency analysis unit, which is used to calculate the emergency exhaust air volume according to the difference of the real-time data exceeding the safety threshold; an emergency air adjustment unit, which is used to output the control instructions according to the emergency exhaust air volume and transmit them to the frequency converter to increase the speed of the fan through the frequency converter; an emergency release unit, which is used to release when the real-time data is within the set safety threshold.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control system has an automatic adjustment mode and a manual adjustment mode. In the automatic adjustment mode, the control instructions are directly transmitted to the frequency converter for adjustment; in the manual adjustment mode, the control instructions are transmitted to the frequency converter for adjustment after manual confirmation.

[0013] In some embodiments, the main fan air volume control system also includes a remote monitoring module, which is used to display the operating status, alarm information, and control process of the main fan in real time, and allows remote control of the operating data of the main fan.

[0014] In some embodiments, the mine data includes wind speed, air volume and wind pressure in the mine, and the ventilator data includes motor shaft temperature, bearing vibration, lubricating oil temperature, oil pressure, motor current, damper status and inverter operating frequency.

[0015] The main fan air volume control method of an embodiment of the present invention includes: real-time collection of mine data and main fan data; analyzing the collected data, and determining the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, judging the matching between the real-time operating status of the main fan and the mine demand, and outputting control instructions; adjusting the inverter power according to the control instructions to adjust the speed of the main fan.

[0016] The main fan air volume control method of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a frequency converter to control the motor speed, flexibly adjusts the ventilation volume, and has a large adjustment range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the main fan air volume control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition module and a data processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals:

[0021] Main fan air volume control system 100,

[0022] Data collection module 11, data processing module 12, control module 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 The main fan air volume control system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0025] The main fan air volume control system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a data acquisition module 11, a data processing module 12 and a control module 13. The data acquisition module 11 is used to collect mine data and main fan data in real time. The data processing module 12 is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the data acquisition module 11, determine the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, judge the matching between the real-time operating state of the main fan and the mine demand, and output the control instruction. The control module 13 is used to adjust the inverter power according to the control instruction to adjust the speed of the main fan.

[0026] It should be noted that the inventors found that the main fan is designed according to the requirements of the coal mine backwind and the operating conditions in the later stage of mining. The designed main fan and traction motor power is usually much greater than the operating power required for normal production in the coal mine. The main fan has a large design margin and has been operating under a relatively light load for a long time. In other words, in actual applications, the main fan is not operating at full load most of the time. Since the main fan runs 24 hours a day and night, the main fan needs to be adjusted at any time according to the air volume required by the mine, and frequent air volume adjustment will also lead to additional energy consumption.

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the data acquisition module 11 collects mine data and main fan data in real time and transmits the real-time data to the data processing module 12 for processing. The data processing module 12 stores a database of main fan performance characteristic curves. The main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve are intersected by the working point diagram method to display the real-time working point data of the main fan on the ground of each return air shaft in the mine. The real-time working point data includes the air volume, negative pressure, efficiency, and power of the main fan, which can intuitively reflect the safety and rationality of the main fan operation status and the matching between the real-time operating status of the main fan and the mine demand. By displaying the operation status of the main fans in each return air shaft of the coal mine, the fan curve is drawn, and the current working point information is intuitively displayed, which is convenient for result display and judgment.

[0028] When the real-time operating state of the main fan matches the mine demand, there is no need to adjust the air volume of the main fan. When the real-time operating state of the main fan does not match the mine demand, the real-time operating state of the main fan is adjusted according to the mine demand. The control module 13 adjusts the speed of the main fan through the frequency converter according to the control instruction output by the data processing module 12, thereby changing the air volume of the main fan.

[0029] Optionally, the data processing module 12 adopts PLC automatic control technology to intelligently control the main fan according to preset algorithms and rules.

[0030] Optionally, the mine data includes wind speed, wind volume and wind pressure in the mine, which are acquired through real-time monitoring through a sensor group. The sensor group includes a wind pressure signal sensor, an air flow temperature sensor and a wind speed sensor, wherein the wind pressure signal sensor is transmitted to the data processing module 12 via a differential pressure transmitter, and the air flow temperature sensor is transmitted to the data processing module 12 via a temperature and humidity transmitter.

[0031] Optionally, the fan data includes parameters such as motor shaft temperature, bearing vibration, lubricating oil temperature, oil pressure, motor current, damper state, and inverter operating frequency. The sensor group includes a motor vibration sensor, a motor winding temperature sensor, a motor bearing temperature sensor, an electric control cabinet signal sensor, an electric control cabinet voltage and current sensor, and a damper signal sensor, wherein the motor vibration sensor is transmitted to the data processing module 12 through a vibration transmitter, and the data collected by the motor winding temperature sensor, the motor bearing temperature sensor, the electric control cabinet signal sensor, the electric control cabinet voltage and current sensor, and the damper signal sensor are transmitted to the data processing module 12.

[0032] For example, a motor vibration sensor and a motor bearing temperature sensor are arranged on the bearing housing.

[0033] Of course, mine data and fan data are not entirely the data mentioned above, but may also include other data, such as setting temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the lubricating oil station to measure the oil temperature and oil pressure of the lubricating oil, establishing a main fan operating parameter database through the fan operating data, and statistically analyzing the operating status of the main fan.

[0034] Optionally, the main fan air volume control system 100 also includes a switch and an industrial computer.

[0035] Compared with the setting in the related art that the mine air volume is adjusted by adjusting the damper or the main fan blade angle, the data processing module 12 in this embodiment determines the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, and compares the real-time operating point data with the real-time collected data, outputs the control instruction according to the comparison result, adjusts the inverter power through the control module 13 to adjust the speed of the main fan, fully utilizes the design margin of the main fan, flexibly adjusts the ventilation volume of the main fan, and has a large adjustable air volume range.

[0036] Furthermore, since a frequency converter is used to control the motor speed in this embodiment and adjustment devices such as mechanical baffles are eliminated, the control process is more flexible, and the design margin of the main fan is fully utilized during the adjustment process, increasing the time when the main fan runs at full load, making it closer to the optimal efficiency point and achieving better energy-saving effects.

[0037] Furthermore, the data processing module 12 of the main fan air volume control system 100 in this embodiment adopts PLC automation control technology, and uses various sensors, inverters and main fans in the sensor group to form a closed-loop adjustment of the wind speed. During the adjustment process, no direct human participation is required, and operations are directly implemented through control software, avoiding human operational errors and improving the reliability and safety of the adjustment process.

[0038] In some embodiments, the data processing module 12 determines the real-time operating point data through the intersection of the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, and outputs control instructions in combination with the real-time data collected by the data collection module 11.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the intersection of the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve is the real-time operating point data of the main fan. In the figure, H is wind pressure, Q is air volume, and R is wind resistance. The mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve is a curve with an upward opening direction. With the increase of air volume, the wind resistance gradually increases.

[0040] When the air volume is Q, the corresponding wind pressure is H; when the air volume is Q', the corresponding wind pressure is H'; when the air volume is Q", the corresponding wind pressure is H". The intersection of the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve indicates that under the current air volume and air pressure, the main fan can work stably and provide the required ventilation effect. It can intuitively reflect the matching relationship between the main fan and the mine ventilation network. The speed of the main fan is adjusted by the frequency converter control. When the speed of the main fan changes, the main fan characteristic curve will move accordingly. The intersection position of the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve changes, and the real-time operating point data of the main fan is re-determined to make it more in line with the required air volume of the mine.

[0041] In some embodiments, the data processing module 12 compares the real-time mining point data of the main fan with the real-time data, calculates the difference between the actual required air volume of the mine and the current air volume, and outputs a control instruction according to the difference. The air volume difference is calculated by comparing the real-time operating point data of the main fan with the real-time monitored data. When the current air volume is greater than the actual required air volume of the mine, the speed of the main fan is reduced by the frequency converter. When the current air volume is less than the actual required air volume of the mine, the speed of the main fan is increased by the frequency converter, so as to reduce or increase the air volume of the main fan and improve the regulation efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments, the frequency converter uses PID to adjust the speed of the main fan according to the control instruction. In this embodiment, the frequency converter can directly control the start of the main fan by frequency conversion, and use the frequency converter PID (proportional integral differential control) to adjust the speed of the main fan to obtain the required constant air volume, so as to meet the air volume requirements of the mine at different times, ensure the safe production of the mine, increase the time of full load operation of the main fan, and improve the operation efficiency of the main fan.

[0043] The main ventilation fan performance characteristic curve database of this embodiment includes a variety of air volume-frequency-wind pressure curves that meet the dynamic air volume requirements of the mine. When performing regulation, the inverter power can be adjusted based on the air volume-frequency-wind pressure curve of the main ventilation fan to adjust the output air volume of the fan to meet different air adjustment requirements.

[0044] In some embodiments, the main fan air volume control system 100 also includes an emergency response module, which is used to issue an alarm message when the real-time data exceeds the set safety threshold, and output a control instruction based on the real-time calculated emergency exhaust air volume demand, and increase the fan speed through the frequency converter until the real-time data is within the set safety threshold.

[0045] When collecting mine data, the real-time concentration of harmful gases is monitored. When the concentration of harmful gases exceeds the safety threshold, it means that there is a safety risk in the mine. The emergency response module quickly responds to the alarm and calculates the total amount of harmful gases and the total air volume required for emergency emissions based on the concentration of harmful gases. According to the total air volume required for emergency emissions, a control instruction is issued to the frequency converter to quickly adjust the speed of the main fan to increase the air until the monitoring data returns to normal.

[0046] Optionally, the emergency response module may be integrated into the data processing module 12 , or may be provided separately. In this embodiment, the emergency response module is integrated into the data processing module 12 .

[0047] In some embodiments, the emergency response module includes an emergency monitoring unit, an emergency analysis unit, an emergency air adjustment unit, and an emergency release unit. The emergency monitoring unit is used to determine whether the real-time data exceeds the set safety threshold, and the environmental data in the mine is monitored in real time by the emergency monitoring unit to determine whether it exceeds the safety threshold, so as to ensure that the emergency in the mine can be responded to in time. The emergency analysis unit is used to calculate the emergency exhaust air volume according to the difference between the real-time data and the safety threshold, and the emergency analysis unit accurately calculates the exhaust air volume required in the mine under the emergency state, so as to ensure that the main fan air volume control system 100 can provide enough air volume to deal with the emergency, thereby ensuring the air quality and safety in the mine. The emergency air adjustment unit is used to output the control instruction according to the emergency exhaust air volume and transmit it to the frequency converter, increase the speed of the fan through the frequency converter, and adjust the frequency of the frequency converter through the emergency air adjustment unit to increase the speed of the fan, so as to quickly increase the air volume in the mine. The emergency release unit is used to release when the real-time data is within the set safety threshold, so as to ensure that the normal state is quickly restored after the emergency, and avoid unnecessary energy consumption and equipment wear.

[0048] In some embodiments, the control system has an automatic adjustment mode and a manual adjustment mode. In the automatic adjustment mode, the control instructions are directly transmitted to the frequency converter for adjustment; in the manual adjustment mode, the control instructions are transmitted to the frequency converter for adjustment after manual confirmation.

[0049] In the main fan air volume control system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, in the automatic adjustment mode, the emergency response module in the data processing module 12 receives the mine data in real time, and when the real-time data reaches the set safety threshold, it quickly issues an alarm message and outputs a control instruction to the frequency converter, and quickly adjusts the main fan speed until the monitoring data returns to normal. In the manual confirmation mode, the output control instruction needs to be manually confirmed after the control operation, and then transmitted to the frequency converter, and the speed is quickly adjusted until the monitoring data returns to normal.

[0050] In some embodiments, the main fan air volume control system 100 further includes a remote monitoring module, which is used to display the operating status, alarm information, and control process of the main fan in real time, and allows remote control of the operating data of the main fan. The operating status of the main fan and the real-time wind flow information in the mine can be displayed in real time through the remote monitoring module, and the main fan can be controlled through the remote monitoring module, which is convenient for manual monitoring and control.

[0051] Optionally, the remote monitoring module can be integrated into the mine safety monitoring center.

[0052] In some embodiments, the mine data includes wind speed, air volume and air pressure in the mine, and the ventilator data includes motor shaft temperature, bearing vibration, lubricating oil temperature, oil pressure, motor current, damper status and inverter operating frequency.

[0053] The main fan air volume control method of an embodiment of the present invention includes: real-time collection of mine data and main fan data; analyzing the collected data, and determining the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, judging the matching between the real-time operating status of the main fan and the mine demand, and outputting control instructions; adjusting the inverter power according to the control instructions to adjust the speed of the main fan.

[0054] The data processing module in this embodiment determines the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, and compares the real-time operating point data with the real-time collected data, outputs the control instruction according to the comparison result, and adjusts the inverter power through the control module to adjust the speed of the main fan, so as to make full use of the design margin of the main fan, flexibly adjust the ventilation volume of the main fan, and have a large adjustable air volume range.

[0055] The embodiment of the present invention collects mine data in real time to monitor and feedback the airflow status information in the tunnel. When adjusting the air volume, the data processing module uses PLC automation control technology to quickly make judgments based on the feedback airflow information, and outputs control instructions to the frequency converter to ensure that the main fan increases the air quickly and accurately, thereby improving the intelligent adjustment of the main fan air volume control system.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0057] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0060] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0061] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main fan air volume control system, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, wherein the data acquisition module is used to collect mine data and main ventilator data in real time; A data processing module, the data processing module is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the data collection module, determine the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, judge the matching between the real-time operating state of the main fan and the mine demand, and output control instructions; A control module is used to adjust the power of the frequency converter according to the control instruction to adjust the rotation speed of the main fan.

2. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module determines the real-time operating point data through the intersection of the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, and outputs the control instructions in combination with the real-time data collected by the data collection module.

3. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing module compares the real-time mining point data of the main ventilation fan with the real-time data, calculates the difference between the actual required air volume of the mine and the current air volume, and outputs a control instruction according to the difference.

4. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frequency converter uses PID to adjust the rotation speed of the main fan according to the control instruction.

5. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an emergency response module, which is used to issue an alarm message when the real-time data exceeds the set safety threshold, and output a control instruction based on the real-time calculated emergency exhaust air volume demand, and increase the fan speed through the frequency converter until the real-time data is within the set safety threshold.

6. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The emergency response module includes: An emergency monitoring unit, which is used to determine whether the real-time data exceeds a set safety threshold; An emergency analysis unit, the emergency analysis unit is used to calculate the emergency exhaust air volume according to the difference of the real-time data exceeding the safety threshold; An emergency air regulating unit, which is used to output a control instruction according to the emergency exhaust air volume and transmit it to the frequency converter, thereby increasing the speed of the fan through the frequency converter; The emergency release unit is used to release the emergency when the real-time data is within a set safety threshold.

7. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control system has an automatic control mode and a manual control mode. In the automatic control mode, the control instruction is directly transmitted to the frequency converter for adjustment; in the manual control mode, the control instruction is transmitted to the frequency converter for adjustment after manual confirmation.

8. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a remote monitoring module, which is used to display the operating status, alarm information, and control process of the main fan in real time, and allows remote control of the operating data of the main fan.

9. The main fan air volume control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mine data includes wind speed, air volume and air pressure in the mine, and the ventilator data includes motor shaft temperature, bearing vibration, lubricating oil temperature, oil pressure, motor current, damper status and inverter operating frequency.

10. A method for controlling the air volume of a main fan, characterized in that: include: Real-time collection of mine data and main ventilation fan data; Analyze the collected data, determine the real-time operating point data of the main fan according to the main fan characteristic curve and the mine ventilation resistance characteristic curve, judge the matching between the real-time operating status of the main fan and the mine demand, and output the control instructions; The inverter power is adjusted according to the control instruction to adjust the speed of the main fan.

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