Negative stiffness amplifying device and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a negative stiffness amplification device and a design method thereof. The negative stiffness amplifying device comprises a pre-pressing disc spring mechanism, an upper toggle steel support and a lower toggle steel support, the pre-pressing disc spring mechanism and the lower toggle steel support are connected through a pin shaft and form a straight line, and the upper end and the lower end of the connected pre-pressing disc spring mechanism and the lower toggle steel support are connected with the frame structure through pin shafts respectively. And two ends of the upper toggle steel support are respectively connected with the frame structure and the lower toggle steel support through pin shafts. When the frame structure deforms, the pre-pressing disc spring mechanism generates tangential force, the direction of the tangential force is opposite to the movement direction of the upper and lower supports, a negative stiffness effect is formed, and the negative stiffness effect can be amplified by forming a geometrical relationship through the angles between the pre-pressing disc spring mechanism and the upper and lower toggle steel supports. According to the negative stiffness device, the negative stiffness effect can be improved, the structural stiffness is reduced and the earthquake action is reduced under the condition that the structural bearing capacity is not changed, the main body structure can be protected, and support is provided for application of the negative stiffness device in the civil engineering field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and isolation, and in particular relates to a negative stiffness amplification device and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional shock-absorbing technology improves structural performance by providing positive stiffness or damping to the structure to absorb or dissipate earthquakes. However, the effects of the above shock-absorbing technology are limited by the structural layout and building functions. The building functions limit the layout of the dampers, and the structural layout also affects the effect of the dampers.

[0003] Negative stiffness dampers are different from traditional dampers. Their action force is opposite to that of traditional displacement dampers, that is, they deviate from the equilibrium position of the structure, which will bring more convenience to structural design. Most of the existing negative stiffness dampers are implemented by means of preload springs, memory alloys, friction dampers and ratchet one-way action principles, but they also restrict the stiffness contribution of negative stiffness to a certain extent. The stiffness of negative stiffness dampers in existing literature is usually -0.01 to 1 kN / mm, which is still a big gap compared to the stiffness of the structure and the seismic action. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a negative stiffness amplification device and a design method thereof based on the deficiencies of the prior art. Through ingenious structural arrangement, the prestressed disc spring mechanism is connected to the upper and lower elbow steel supports, and the angle between the prestressed disc spring mechanism and the upper and lower elbow steel supports forms a geometric relationship to amplify the negative stiffness effect of the prestressed disc spring mechanism on the frame structure. This can not only effectively improve the negative stiffness effect, reduce the structural stiffness and reduce the seismic effect while ensuring that the structural bearing capacity remains unchanged, but also effectively protect the main structure, providing favorable support for the application of negative stiffness devices in the field of civil engineering.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is to provide a negative stiffness amplification device that can be applied to a frame structure, which includes a pre-stressed disc spring mechanism, an upper elbow joint steel support and a lower elbow joint steel support; the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the lower elbow joint steel support are located in the same straight line and are connected up and down by a pin shaft, and the upper and lower ends of the two after being connected are respectively connected to the frame structure by a pin shaft; the upper and lower ends of the upper elbow joint steel support are also respectively connected to the frame structure and the lower elbow joint steel support by a pin shaft; the angle between the upper elbow joint steel support and the lower elbow joint steel support is an obtuse angle; when the frame structure is deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism generates a tangential force opposite to the movement direction of the upper elbow joint steel support and the lower elbow joint steel support to form a negative stiffness effect on the frame structure; at the same time, the angle between the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the upper elbow joint steel support and the lower elbow joint steel support forms a geometric relationship to amplify the negative stiffness effect.

[0007] In some embodiments, the prestressed disc spring mechanism includes a tensioning and locking system, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a guide rod, a disc spring and two connecting ends; the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are coaxially arranged and suitable for nesting with each other; the guide rod is passed through the outer sleeve and extends forward from the rear end of the outer sleeve to the inner sleeve, and there is a certain distance between the front end of the guide rod and the front end of the inner sleeve; the disc spring is sleeved outside the guide rod, and after prestressing, its front and rear ends respectively abut against the rear end outer side surface of the inner sleeve and the rear end inner side surface of the outer sleeve to store energy; the front end of the inner sleeve is closed; the rear end of the outer sleeve is closed; the outer side of the front end of the inner sleeve and the outer side of the rear end of the outer sleeve are each connected to a connecting end; the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected by the tensioning and locking system, and the disc spring is prestressed by the tensioning and locking system.

[0008] In some embodiments, the front ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve respectively have an inner sleeve outer edge and an outer sleeve outer edge extending outward in a radial direction; the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge are connected by multiple groups of the tensioning and locking systems; the tensioning and locking system includes a tensioning screw and two locking nuts; the tensioning screw is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve, and its two ends respectively pass through the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge and are respectively connected to a locking nut; the disc spring is pre-stressed by adjusting the connection position between the locking nut and the tensioning screw.

[0009] In some embodiments, after the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism and the lower toggle steel support are connected and installed on the frame structure, the tension locking system is removed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the disc springs are arranged in a combination, a pair, or a compound combination.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a design method for the negative stiffness amplification device. In some embodiments, when the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplification device is amplified by the geometric relationship, and the amplification factor f is obtained by the following formula:

[0012]

[0013] Where f is the magnification factor, μ is the deformation of the frame structure, and μ 负 is the deformation of the preloaded disc spring mechanism, the first angle θ1 is the angle between the preloaded disc spring mechanism and the lower toggle steel support and the horizontal direction, and the second angle θ2 is the angle between the upper toggle steel support and the vertical direction;

[0014] The design method comprises:

[0015] Determine a target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0016] According to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted with reference to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is met.

[0017] In some embodiments, when the frame structure is deformed, a reverse force F is provided to the frame structure through the negative stiffness amplification device to reduce the external force acting on the frame structure;

[0018] Based on the force balance, we know that:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Among them, F 负 is the tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism, F1 is the axial force of the lower elbow steel support caused by the tangential force, and F2 is the axial force of the upper elbow steel support caused by the tangential force; the third angle θ3 is the tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 负 and the horizontal direction, and when the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined, the third angle θ3 is also determined;

[0022] The reverse force F is the horizontal component of the preloaded disc spring mechanism acting on the frame structure, which is obtained by formula (4):

[0023] F=sinθ2F2 (4)

[0024] Substituting formula (3) into formula (4) yields formula (5):

[0025]

[0026] The tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 负 as follows:

[0027] F 负 =K 负 u 负 (6)

[0028] Among them, K 负 is the negative stiffness value of the preloaded disc spring mechanism;

[0029] Substituting formula (1) into formula (6), we get formula (7):

[0030]

[0031] Substituting formula (7) into formula (5) we can get formula (8):

[0032]

[0033] The design method comprises:

[0034] The target negative stiffness effect of the negative stiffness amplification device is determined based on the requirements of the frame structure, that is, the target negative stiffness value K 负 Multiply by the target magnification factor f;

[0035] Determine the target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0036] According to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted according to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is met;

[0037] The target negative stiffness value K of the preloaded disc spring mechanism is calculated according to the target negative stiffness effect and the target magnification factor f. 负 ;

[0038] According to formula (9), L and L1 are adjusted so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 Consistency;

[0039]

[0040] Wherein, L is the total length of the lower toggle steel support and the preloaded disc spring mechanism, L1 is the distance from the lower end of the lower toggle steel support to the intersection of the upper toggle steel support and the lower toggle steel support; F2-u is a linear relationship, and the slope of the linear relationship represents the negative stiffness value K 负 ;

[0041] According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism is designed.

[0042] In some embodiments, when the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device is amplified by the geometric relationship and a reverse force F is provided to the frame structure by the negative stiffness amplifying device to amplify the negative stiffness effect. The stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplifying device after amplification and the overall stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplifying device are obtained by the following formula:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Wherein, K1 is the stiffness of the frame structure;

[0046] The design method comprises:

[0047] Determining the overall target stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplification device based on the requirements of the frame structure;

[0048] According to the overall target stiffness K0, the stiffness K1 of the frame structure and formula (11), the target stiffness value K2 of the amplified negative stiffness amplifying device is obtained;

[0049] Determine the first angle θ1, the second angle θ2 and the target negative stiffness value K according to the target stiffness K2 and formula (10): 负 ;

[0050] According to formula (9), L and L1 are adjusted so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 Consistency;

[0051] According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism is designed.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined based on an angle between the upper toggle steel support and the lower toggle steel support.

[0053] In some embodiments, the angle between the upper toggle steel support and the lower toggle steel support is within the range of [150°, 170°].

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has beneficial effects.

[0055] For example, through clever structural arrangement, the prestressed disc spring mechanism is connected to the upper and lower elbow steel supports, and the geometric relationship formed by the angle between the prestressed disc spring mechanism and the upper and lower elbow steel supports is used to amplify the negative stiffness effect of the prestressed disc spring mechanism on the frame structure. This can not only effectively improve the negative stiffness effect, reduce the structural stiffness and reduce seismic effects while ensuring that the structural bearing capacity remains unchanged, but also effectively protect the main structure, providing favorable support for the application of negative stiffness devices in the field of civil engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the application of the negative stiffness amplification device in the structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a preloaded disc spring mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the preloaded disc spring mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an equivalent calculation model of a negative stiffness amplifying device in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) represents a schematic diagram of an equivalent model of a negative stiffness amplifying device; (b) represents a simplified calculation model of a negative stiffness amplifying device;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a force analysis diagram of the negative stiffness amplification device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 is a corresponding relationship diagram between the axial force F2 of the upper toggle steel support caused by the tangential force and the deformation μ of the frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 7 This is a force analysis diagram of the negative stiffness amplifying device after deformation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the rigidity composition of the frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Description of reference numerals:

[0065] 1 preloaded disc spring mechanism, 2 upper toggle steel support, 3 lower toggle steel support;

[0066] 4 beams, 5 columns;

[0067] 1-6 connecting end, 1-7 inner sleeve, 1-8 tensioning screw, 1-9 locking nut, 1-10 outer sleeve, 1-11 locking guide rod, 1-12 disc spring;

[0068] K0 is the overall stiffness, K1 is the stiffness of the frame structure, K2 is the stiffness of the negative stiffness amplification device;

[0069] DAMPER. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to make the purpose, features and beneficial effects of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described below are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. In addition, the same or similar reference numerals may be used in the figures to refer to the same or similar elements in different embodiments, and the description of the same or similar elements in different embodiments and the description of the prior art elements, features, effects, etc. may be omitted.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention provides a negative stiffness amplifying device applicable to a frame structure.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 The negative stiffness amplification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include a preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, an upper toggle steel support 2 and a lower toggle steel support 3.

[0073] Specifically, the preload disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower elbow joint steel support 3 are located in the same straight line and are connected up and down by a pin shaft; wherein the preload disc spring mechanism 1 is on the top and the lower elbow joint steel support 3 is on the bottom.

[0074] Furthermore, after the preload disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 are connected, the upper and lower ends of the whole are respectively connected to the frame structure by pins.

[0075] In some embodiments, the frame structure is composed of a pair of horizontal beams 4 arranged in parallel up and down and a pair of columns 5 vertically supporting the pair of horizontal beams 4. After the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 are connected, the upper and lower ends of the whole can be connected to the upper and lower horizontal beams 4 of the frame structure through pins, and the whole is set at a non-zero angle with the horizontal beam 4.

[0076] The upper and lower ends of the upper toggle steel support 2 are also connected to the upper cross beam 4 of the frame structure and the lower toggle steel support 3 through a pin shaft. In addition, the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 is set to an obtuse angle.

[0077] In some embodiments, the lower end of the upper toggle steel support 2 may be connected to the upper end of the lower toggle steel support 3 .

[0078] In other embodiments, the lower end of the upper toggle steel support 2 may also be connected to any position in the middle of the lower toggle steel support 3 .

[0079] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the prestressed disc spring mechanism 1 may include a tensioning locking system, an inner sleeve 1-7, an outer sleeve 1-10, a guide rod 1-11, a disc spring 1-12 and two connecting ends 1-6, wherein the connecting ends 1-6 may also be referred to as ear plates.

[0080] Specifically, the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 are coaxially arranged and arranged front to back; the guide rod 1-11 is inserted into the outer sleeve 1-10 and extends forward from the rear end of the outer sleeve 1-10 to the inner sleeve 1-7, and there is a certain distance between the front end of the guide rod 1-11 and the front end of the inner sleeve 1-7; the disc spring 1-12 is sleeved outside the guide rod 1-11, and after pre-compression, its front and rear ends respectively abut against the rear end outer side surface of the inner sleeve 1-7 and the rear end inner side surface of the outer sleeve 1-10 to store energy; and the front end of the inner sleeve 1-7 is closed; the rear end of the outer sleeve 1-10 is closed; the outer side of the front end of the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer side of the rear end of the outer sleeve 1-10 are each connected to a connecting terminal 1-6; the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 are connected by a tension locking system.

[0081] In some embodiments, the arrangement of disc springs 1-12 can be a combination, a pair or a compound combination.

[0082] Further, the front ends of the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 respectively have an inner sleeve outer edge and an outer sleeve outer edge extending outward in the radial direction. In addition, the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge can be connected by multiple sets of tension locking systems.

[0083] In some embodiments, the tension locking system may include a tension screw 1-8 and two locking nuts 1-9. The tension screw 1-8 is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve 1-7, and its two ends pass through the outer edge of the inner sleeve and the outer edge of the outer sleeve respectively and are connected to a locking nut 1-9 respectively.

[0084] In a specific implementation, the tensioning screw 1-8 is suitable for pre-stressing the disc spring 1-12; the locking nut 1-9 is suitable for storing energy when the tensioning screw 1-8 pre-stresses the disc spring 1-12.

[0085] After the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 are connected and installed on the frame structure, the tension locking system can be removed, that is, the tension screw 1-8 and the two locking nuts 1-9 can be removed. Even if the tension locking system is removed, the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 installed on the frame structure is still in the energy storage state.

[0086] When the frame structure is deformed, displacement occurs between the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10 in the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, causing the preloaded disc spring 1-12 to release energy, so that the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 generates a tangential force F at the connection between it and the lower toggle steel support 3 in the opposite direction of the movement of the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. 负When the frame structure deforms from left to right, the tangential force F 负 points to the upper left; when the frame structure deforms from right to left, the tangential force F 负 Point to the lower right.

[0087] When the frame structure is deformed, the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 generates a tangential force F in the opposite direction of the movement of the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. 负 This forms a negative stiffness effect on the frame structure; at the same time, the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 form a geometric relationship that can amplify the negative stiffness effect.

[0088] Specifically, when the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplification device can be amplified by the geometric relationship formed by the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. And the amplification coefficient can be obtained by formula (1):

[0089]

[0090] Among them, f is the magnification factor, μ is the deformation of the frame structure, and μ 负 The first angle θ1 is the angle between the preload disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) and the horizontal direction, and the second angle θ2 is the angle between the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the vertical direction.

[0091] In the present invention, when the frame structure is not deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism 1 is collinear with the lower elbow joint rigid support 3 to form a stable structure; when the frame structure is deformed, the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism 1 is not collinear with the lower elbow joint rigid support 3 to generate a tangential action stiffness, that is, the direction in which the pre-stressed disc spring mechanism 1 acts is its tangential direction.

[0092] The equivalent calculation model and force analysis of the negative stiffness amplification device can be found in Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0093] In the calculation and analysis, in order to simplify the function of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, a damper unit can be set at the vertical position of the lower toggle rigid support 3, such as Figure 4 (b) is used to simplify the simulation of negative stiffness effect.

[0094] In the present invention, when the frame structure is deformed, a negative stiffness amplifying device can be used to provide a reverse force F for the frame structure to reduce the external force acting on the frame structure.

[0095] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 , based on the force balance:

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Among them, F 负 is the tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, F1 is the axial force of the lower toggle steel support 3 caused by the tangential force, and F2 is the axial force of the upper toggle steel support 2 caused by the tangential force; the first angle θ1 is the angle between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the lower toggle steel support 3 and the horizontal direction, the second angle θ2 is the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the vertical direction, and the third angle θ3 is the tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 负 and the horizontal direction; and when the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined, the third angle θ3 is also determined;

[0099] In a specific implementation, the reverse force F is the horizontal component of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 acting on the frame structure, which can be obtained by formula (4):

[0100] F=sinθ2F2 (4)

[0101] Substituting formula (3) into formula (4) yields formula (5):

[0102]

[0103] The tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 负 as follows:

[0104] F 负 =K 负 u 负 (6)

[0105] Among them, K 负 is the negative stiffness value of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1;

[0106] Substituting formula (1) into formula (6), we get formula (7):

[0107]

[0108] Substituting formula (7) into formula (5) we can get formula (8):

[0109]

[0110] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a design method for a negative stiffness amplification device.

[0111] In order to fully illustrate the design method, three embodiments are used to describe it respectively below.

[0112] Example 1

[0113] In this embodiment, the design method may include the following steps:

[0114] S11, determining the target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0115] In a specific implementation, when the cross beams 4 and the columns 5 of the frame structure are determined, the target magnification factor f is also determined.

[0116] S12, according to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted according to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is met.

[0117] In step S12, for buildings with different functions, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are different. In a specific implementation, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 can be adjusted according to the specific building function in combination with formula (1). At this time, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 may have a variety of different combinations.

[0118] Furthermore, the specific values ​​of the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 can be determined based on the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3. That is, under the constraint of the angle range between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3, the specific values ​​of the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 can be determined.

[0119] In some embodiments, the angle between the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 may be within the range of [150°, 170°].

[0120] Table 1 shows the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 corresponding to different target magnification factors f in this embodiment.

[0121] Table 1 Relationship between the target magnification factor f and the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2

[0122]

[0123] Example 2

[0124] In this embodiment, the design method may include the following steps:

[0125] S21, determining a target negative stiffness effect of the negative stiffness amplification device based on requirements of the frame structure;

[0126] In a specific implementation, the negative stiffness effect is equal to the negative stiffness value K 负 Multiply by the magnification factor f.

[0127] S22, determining a target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure;

[0128] S23, according to the target magnification factor f, combined with the building function, refer to formula (1) to adjust the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 until the target magnification factor f is met;

[0129] The specific implementation of steps S22 and S23 may refer to the description of steps S11 and S12 in Example 1.

[0130] S24, calculating the target negative stiffness value K of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 according to the target negative stiffness effect and the target magnification factor f 负 ;

[0131] S25, according to formula (9), adjust L and L1 so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is equal to the target negative stiffness value K 负 Consistency;

[0132]

[0133] Reference Figure 7 , L is the total length of the lower elbow joint steel support 3 and the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, and L1 is the distance from the root (i.e., the lower end) of the lower elbow joint steel support 3 to the intersection of the upper elbow joint steel support 2 and the lower elbow joint steel support 3.

[0134] It should be noted that the intersection of the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3 can be at the upper end of the lower toggle steel support 3 or at any position in the middle of the lower toggle steel support 3 .

[0135] In formula (9), F2-u is a linear relationship, and the slope of the linear relationship represents the negative stiffness value K 负 .

[0136] Specifically, when designing, the range of the deformation u of the frame structure is determined first, and then according to formula (9), the range of F2 can be obtained, thereby obtaining the corresponding relationship between F2 and u. A graph is drawn based on the corresponding relationship to obtain a linear relationship, see Figure 6 The slope of this linear relationship is K 负 .

[0137] In a specific implementation, L and L1 can be adjusted according to formula (9) so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is equal to the target negative stiffness value K 负 And at this point, L and L1 can be determined.

[0138] S26, when the negative stiffness value K is adjusted by adjusting L and L1 负 After reaching the target, the negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 is designed.

[0139] Specifically, the negative stiffness value K can be 负The arrangement of disc springs 1-12 is selected and designed, and its specific implementation process can be achieved by any known technical means in the art and is not limited here.

[0140] Example 3

[0141] When the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device can be amplified by the geometric relationship formed by the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3, and a reverse force F can be provided to the frame structure through the negative stiffness amplifying device to achieve double amplification of the negative stiffness effect. The stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplifying device after double amplification, and the stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplifying device as a whole are obtained by the following formula:

[0142]

[0143] Reference Figure 8 ,

[0144] Among them, K1 is the stiffness of the frame structure.

[0145] In this embodiment, the design method may include the following steps:

[0146] S31, determining the overall target stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplification device based on the requirements of the frame structure;

[0147] S32, obtaining the target stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplifying device after amplification according to the overall target stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplifying device, the stiffness K1 of the frame structure and formula (11);

[0148] S33, determining the first angle θ1, the second angle θ2 and the target negative stiffness value K of the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 according to the target stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplifying device after amplification and formula (10) 负 ;

[0149] In a specific implementation, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 can be determined by referring to the process described in steps S11 and S12 in Example 1, and when the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined, the third angle θ3 is also determined, and then substituted into formula (10) to obtain the target negative stiffness value K 负 .

[0150] S34, according to formula (9), adjust L and L1 so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is equal to the target negative stiffness value K 负 Consistent.

[0151] S35, when the negative stiffness value K is adjusted by adjusting L and L1 负 After reaching the target, the negative stiffness value K 负The preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 is designed.

[0152] By adopting the above technical solution, in the embodiment of the present invention, not only the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device can be amplified through the geometric relationship formed by the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 and the upper toggle steel support 2 and the lower toggle steel support 3, but also the bearing capacity of the negative stiffness amplifying device can be amplified. The negative stiffness effect is the result of the amplified bearing capacity divided by the displacement.

[0153] In specific implementation, when the size of the beams and columns of the frame structure remains unchanged, its bearing capacity also remains unchanged. When the negative stiffness amplification device is introduced into the frame structure, the stiffness of the frame structure becomes smaller and the corresponding seismic effect is also reduced.

[0154] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for installing the negative stiffness amplifying device.

[0155] Specifically, the installation method may include the following steps:

[0156] S41, determining the negative stiffness effect and bearing capacity requirements according to the requirements of the frame structure, and determining the parameters, quantity and pre-compression deformation of the disc springs 1-12 based on the negative stiffness effect and bearing capacity requirements;

[0157] S42, placing the disc spring 1-12 on the guide rod 1-11, and placing the inner sleeve 1-7 and the outer sleeve 1-10, and then placing the tensioning screw 1-8 to a predetermined displacement, and locking it with the locking nut 1-9;

[0158] S43, performing lofting according to the size of the frame structure, determining the positions of the upper toggle steel support 2, the lower toggle steel support 3 and the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1, and installing the node plate;

[0159] S44, connecting the upper toggle steel support 2, the lower toggle steel support 3 and the preloaded disc spring mechanism 1 into a whole by connecting the end points 1-6 and the pin;

[0160] S45, connecting the cross beam 4 with the node plate of the lower toggle steel support 3 through the pin shaft, thus completing the installation of the negative stiffness amplification device.

[0161] Although specific embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, even when only a single embodiment is described with respect to specific features. The feature examples provided in the present disclosure are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, unless otherwise stated. In specific implementations, the technical features of one or more dependent claims may be combined with the technical features of the independent claims, based on actual needs and where technically feasible, and the technical features from the corresponding independent claims may be combined in any appropriate manner rather than just by the specific combinations listed in the claims.

[0162] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A negative stiffness amplification device, which can be applied to a frame structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a preloaded disc spring mechanism (1), an upper elbow joint steel support (2) and a lower elbow joint steel support (3); the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) are located in the same straight line and are connected up and down by a pin shaft, and the upper and lower ends of the two connected are respectively connected to the frame structure by a pin shaft; the upper and lower ends of the upper elbow joint steel support (2) are also respectively connected to the frame structure and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) by a pin shaft; the angle between the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) is an obtuse angle; when the frame structure is deformed, the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) generates a tangential force opposite to the movement direction of the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3), thereby forming a negative stiffness effect on the frame structure; at the same time, the angles between the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) and the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) form a geometric relationship, thereby amplifying the negative stiffness effect.

2. The negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) comprises a tension locking system, an inner sleeve (1-7), an outer sleeve (1-10), a guide rod (1-11), a disc spring (1-12) and two connecting ends (1-6); the inner sleeve (1-7) and the outer sleeve (1-10) are coaxially arranged and are suitable for being nested with each other; the guide rod (1-11) is inserted into the outer sleeve (1-10) and extends forward from the rear end of the outer sleeve (1-10) into the inner sleeve (1-7), and a certain distance is formed between the front end of the guide rod (1-11) and the front end of the inner sleeve (1-7); the disc spring (1-12) is coaxially arranged with the outer sleeve (1-10) and is ... coaxially arranged with the outer sleeve (1-10) and is suitable for being nested with each other; the guide rod (1-11) is coaxially arranged with the outer sleeve (1-10) and is coaxially arranged with the outer sleeve (1-10) and the disc spring (1-12) ) is sleeved outside the guide rod (1-11), and after pre-stressing, its front and rear ends respectively abut against the rear end outer side surface of the inner sleeve (1-7) and the rear end inner side surface of the outer sleeve (1-10) to store energy; the front end of the inner sleeve (1-7) is closed; the rear end of the outer sleeve (1-10) is closed; the front end outer side of the inner sleeve (1-7) and the rear end outer side of the outer sleeve (1-10) are each connected to a connecting end (1-6); the inner sleeve (1-7) and the outer sleeve (1-10) are connected by the tensioning and locking system, and the disc spring (1-12) is pre-stressed by the tensioning and locking system.

3. The negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front ends of the inner sleeve (1-7) and the outer sleeve (1-10) respectively have an inner sleeve outer edge and an outer sleeve outer edge extending outward in the radial direction; the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge are connected by multiple groups of the tensioning and locking systems; the tensioning and locking systems include a tensioning screw (1-8) and two locking nuts (1-9); the tensioning screw (1-8) is coaxially arranged with the inner sleeve (1-7), and its two ends respectively pass through the inner sleeve outer edge and the outer sleeve outer edge and are respectively connected to a locking nut (1-9); the disc spring (1-12) is pre-stressed by adjusting the connection position between the locking nut (1-9) and the tensioning screw (1-8).

4. The negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: After the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower toggle steel support (3) are connected and installed on the frame structure, the tension locking system is removed.

5. The negative stiffness amplification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The disc springs (1-12) are arranged in a combination, a pair or a composite combination.

6. A design method for a negative stiffness amplification device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device is amplified by the geometric relationship, and the amplification coefficient f is obtained by the following formula: Where f is the magnification factor, μ is the deformation of the frame structure, and μ 负 is the deformation of the preload disc spring mechanism (1), the first angle θ1 is the angle between the preload disc spring mechanism (1) and the lower elbow joint steel support (3) and the horizontal direction, and the second angle θ2 is the angle between the upper elbow joint steel support (2) and the vertical direction; The design method comprises: Determine a target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure; According to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted with reference to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is met.

7. A design method for a negative stiffness amplification device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: When the frame structure is deformed, a reverse force F is provided to the frame structure through the negative stiffness amplification device to reduce the external force acting on the frame structure; Based on the force balance, we know that: Among them, F 负 is the tangential force generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1), F1 is the axial force of the lower elbow joint steel support (3) caused by the tangential force, and F2 is the axial force of the upper elbow joint steel support (2) caused by the tangential force; the third angle θ3 is the tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1). 负 and the horizontal direction, and when the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined, the third angle θ3 is also determined; The reverse force F is the horizontal component of the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) acting on the frame structure, which is obtained by formula (4): F=sinθ2F2 (4) Substituting formula (3) into formula (4) yields formula (5): The tangential force F generated by the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) 负 as follows: F 负 =K 负 u 负 (6) Among them, K 负 is the negative stiffness value of the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1); Substituting formula (1) into formula (6), we get formula (7): Substituting formula (7) into formula (5) we can get formula (8): The design method comprises: The target negative stiffness effect of the negative stiffness amplification device is determined based on the requirements of the frame structure, that is, the target negative stiffness value K 负 Multiply by the target magnification factor f; Determine the target magnification factor f based on the requirements of the framework structure; According to the target magnification factor f and in combination with the building function, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are adjusted according to formula (1) until the target magnification factor f is met; The target negative stiffness value K of the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) is calculated according to the target negative stiffness effect and the target magnification factor f. 负 ; According to formula (9), L and L1 are adjusted so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 Consistency; Wherein, L is the total length of the lower toggle steel support (3) and the preloaded disc spring mechanism (1), L1 is the distance from the lower end of the lower toggle steel support (3) to the intersection of the upper toggle steel support (2) and the lower toggle steel support (3); F2-u is a linear relationship, and the slope of the linear relationship represents the negative stiffness value K 负 ; According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) is designed.

8. A design method for a negative stiffness amplification device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: When the frame structure is deformed, the deformation of the negative stiffness amplifying device is amplified by the geometric relationship and a reverse force F is provided to the frame structure by the negative stiffness amplifying device to amplify the negative stiffness effect. The stiffness K2 of the negative stiffness amplifying device after amplification and the overall stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplifying device are obtained by the following formula: Wherein, K1 is the stiffness of the frame structure; The design method comprises: Determining the overall target stiffness K0 of the frame structure and the negative stiffness amplification device based on the requirements of the frame structure; According to the overall target stiffness K0, the stiffness K1 of the frame structure and formula (11), the target stiffness value K2 of the amplified negative stiffness amplifying device is obtained; Determine the first angle θ1, the second angle θ2 and the target negative stiffness value K according to the target stiffness K2 and formula (10): 负 ; According to formula (9), L and L1 are adjusted so that the slope of the linear relationship between F2-u is consistent with the target negative stiffness value K 负 Consistency; According to the target negative stiffness value K 负 The preloaded disc spring mechanism (1) is designed.

9. The design method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are determined based on the angle between the upper toggle steel support (2) and the lower toggle steel support (3).

10. The design method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The angle between the upper toggle steel support (2) and the lower toggle steel support (3) is within the range of [150°, 170°].

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