A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste and solid waste recycling, and proposes a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recycling smelting furnace, comprising a furnace body, the bottom end of the furnace body being fixedly connected to a base, one end of the top of the base being provided with a separation mechanism, the separation mechanism comprising a refractory box fixedly connected to the top of the base, a separation box fixedly connected to the inner side of the refractory box, a molten liquid discharge channel being provided at the bottom end of the furnace body, an inclined separation plate fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the separation box, a molten liquid outlet being provided on the separation plate, a slag outlet being provided on the top of the separation box, a discharge port being provided at the bottom end of the separation box, an insulation chamber being provided between the refractory box and the separation chamber, one end of the top of the refractory box being fixedly connected to a flue gas duct, and the other end of the top of the refractory box being fixedly connected to a flue gas outlet pipe connected to the interior of the insulation chamber. The present invention can not only realize the reuse of flue gas heat, but also avoid the problem of condensation caused by heat loss after the molten liquid is transferred outside the furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste and solid waste recycling, and in particular to a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste containing heavy metals is mostly hazardous waste. For the harmless treatment of hazardous waste, the most widely used process is the pyrometallurgical extraction and recovery of valuable heavy metals. The smelting process is: solid waste containing valuable metals, coke and flux limestone are added to the heating furnace, the charge is melted and tempered in the high-temperature furnace, the materials in the furnace undergo certain physical and chemical changes, and crude metal or metal concentrate and slag are produced in the pyrometallurgical process. Traditional smelting furnaces have some problems. After liquefaction, the molten charge continuously drips into the molten liquid at the bottom of the furnace body. The molten liquid is in a boiling state. Part of the molten liquid has not reacted completely or has not been effectively stratified and settled to the bottom, so it is discharged from the slag outlet together with the floating slag, causing the metal to be lost with the slag, which also affects the reuse of the slag.

[0003] In this regard, the Chinese patent publication number CN112080643B discloses "a solid waste smelting furnace used in a method for efficiently recovering metals from solid waste by smelting method, comprising a furnace body, a feed port provided on the top of the furnace body, a smelting zone on the upper part of the furnace body, a melting zone on the lower part of the furnace body, an oxygen-enriched hot air inlet provided in the middle and lower part of the furnace body, in particular: a molten liquid discharge port is provided on one side of the melting zone in the lower part of the furnace body, a molten liquid separation zone is provided outside the discharge port, a molten liquid collecting zone is provided below the molten liquid separation zone, a molten liquid discharge port is provided at the bottom of the molten liquid separation zone and is connected to the molten liquid collecting zone, a discharge port is provided at the lower part of the molten liquid collecting zone and is connected to the product copper mold, and a slag discharge port is provided at the upper part of the molten liquid separation zone and is connected to the slag bag."

[0004] This patent changes the original method of direct slag discharge from the furnace wall of the smelting furnace to an off-furnace clarification method, aiming to increase the clarification and separation time of the melt so that the slag in the melt can fully float. However, there are still certain technical defects in the actual implementation process:

[0005] During the slag discharge process, the molten liquid needs to be discharged from the smelting furnace to the outside for clarification and separation. This process will cause the heat of the molten liquid to be lost, which will cause the edge of a part of the molten liquid layer to condense easily, resulting in a certain loss of the molten liquid;

[0006] During the smelting process of the smelting furnace, the exhaust gas from the exhaust port will carry a large amount of heat, but the patent does not recycle the heat of the flue gas, resulting in energy waste. In view of this, the present invention proposes a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace, which solves the problem in the prior art that clarifying molten liquid outside the smelting furnace will cause the molten liquid to lose heat and condense.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace, comprising a furnace body, the bottom end of the furnace body is fixedly connected to a base, and one end of the top of the base is provided with a separation mechanism, and the separation mechanism includes a refractory box fixedly connected to the top of the base, the inner side of the refractory box is fixedly connected to the separation box, the bottom end of the furnace body is provided with a molten liquid discharge channel communicating with the interior of the separation box, the middle part of the inner side of the separation box is fixedly connected with an inclined separation plate, the separation plate is provided with a molten liquid outlet, the top of the separation box is provided with a slag outlet, and the bottom end of the separation box is provided with a discharge port, an insulation chamber is provided between the refractory box and the separation box, one end of the top of the refractory box is fixedly connected to a flue gas duct connected to the interior of the insulation chamber, the inlet end of the flue gas duct is connected to the flue gas outlet of the furnace body, and the other end of the top of the refractory box is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe connected to the interior of the insulation chamber.

[0009] Preferably, an air intake mechanism is provided at the top of the insulation box, and the air intake mechanism includes a heat exchange tube fixedly connected to the top of the insulation box, and the inner side of the insulation box is fixedly connected to the heat exchange tube. The inlet end of the heat exchange tube is provided with a thermal drive mechanism that absorbs the heat of the flue gas and introduces the flue gas from the outlet end of the smoke pipe into the inside of the heat exchange tube. One end of the insulation box is provided with an air inlet for introducing air, and the other end of the insulation box is provided with an air supply component that introduces the air inside the insulation box into the air inlet end of the furnace body by cooperating with the start-up of the thermal drive mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of first partitions are fixedly connected to the inner side of the thermal insulation box, and the plurality of first partitions are staggered and distributed up and down along the length direction of the thermal insulation box, and the plurality of first partitions form an S-shaped channel.

[0011] Preferably, the air delivery member includes a cylinder, one end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe, the inlet end of the air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the heat preservation box, the other end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet end of the furnace body, the inner side of the cylinder is rotatably connected to an air suction impeller, one side of the air suction impeller is coaxially fixedly connected to a first bevel gear, and the inner side of the cylinder is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear.

[0012] Preferably, the heat drive mechanism includes an insulation cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the refractory box, a sealing cylinder concentrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the insulation cylinder, a heating chamber is opened between the sealing cylinder and the insulation cylinder, the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe is connected to the inside of the heating chamber, the inner side of the sealing cylinder is slidably connected to a first piston, one end of the interior of the sealing cylinder is filled with heat-sensitive gas, a cooling pipe for cooling the heat-sensitive gas is provided on the outside of the insulation cylinder, a return spring is sleeved on the other end of the interior of the sealing cylinder, one end of the return spring is in contact with the first piston, and the other end of the return spring is in contact with the inner wall of the sealing cylinder, a linkage part is provided on the outside of the sealing cylinder for driving the second bevel gear to rotate by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston, and a negative pressure part is provided at one end of the heating chamber for guiding the flue gas inside the heating chamber into the heat exchange tube by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling pipe fitting includes a U-shaped tube, the two ends of the U-shaped tube are respectively located on both sides of the first piston, one end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the sealing tube, and the other end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the sealing tube, the outlet end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the first air outlet one-way valve, and the inlet end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the first air inlet one-way valve.

[0014] Preferably, the gas flow of the first gas outlet one-way valve is guided from the U-shaped tube to the interior of the sealing cylinder, and the gas flow of the first gas inlet one-way valve is guided from the interior of the sealing cylinder into the U-shaped tube.

[0015] Preferably, the linkage includes a first sliding rod that passes through the side wall of the sealing cylinder, the first sliding rod is slidingly connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder, one end of the first sliding rod is fixedly connected to the first piston, the other end of the first sliding rod is hinged with a connecting rod, the second bevel gear is coaxially fixedly connected to a cam, and the outer edge of the cam is rotatably connected to the connecting rod through a pin shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of second baffles are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heating chamber, and the plurality of second baffles are staggered and distributed up and down along the length direction of the heating chamber, and the plurality of second baffles form an S-shaped channel in the heating chamber.

[0017] The cam is connected to the second piston rod and the second piston rod has a bottom end portion, and the cam is connected to the second piston rod of the cam.

[0018] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The molten liquid inside the furnace body is introduced into the separation box through the molten liquid discharge channel. The molten metal sinks through the molten liquid outlet and is discharged from the discharge port, and the slag floats and is discharged from the slag outlet. The insulation chamber can reduce the heat loss of the molten liquid inside the separation box. At the same time, the flue gas duct guides the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the furnace body into the insulation chamber, which can indirectly heat the molten liquid inside the separation box, so that the molten liquid is kept in a boiling state for clarification and separation. This not only realizes the reuse of flue gas heat, but also avoids the problem of heat loss and condensation of the molten liquid after it is transferred out of the furnace;

[0020] 2. Air is introduced into the insulation box through the air inlet, and at the same time, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the smoke outlet pipe is introduced into the heat exchange tube through the heat drive mechanism, so that the air and the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube exchange heat, which makes the air absorption amount heated, and the S-shaped channel formed by the first partitions can extend the flow path of the air, so that the air can absorb more heat to heat up, and then the hot air is introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body through the air supply component, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas can be reused, which greatly saves energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air intake mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air delivery member of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling pipe of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage member of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second separator of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the negative pressure member of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. base; 3. separation mechanism; 31. refractory box; 32. separation box; 33. melt discharge channel; 34. insulation chamber; 35. flue gas duct; 36. separation plate; 37. melt outlet; 38. discharge port; 39. slag outlet; 30. smoke outlet pipe; 4. air intake mechanism; 41. insulation box; 42. air intake; 43. air delivery member; 431. cylinder; 432. air intake pipe; 433. air outlet pipe; 434. suction impeller; 435. first bevel gear; 436. second bevel gear; 44. heat exchange tube; 45. first partition; 5. heat drive mechanism; 51. insulation cylinder ;52. Sealing tube;53. First piston;54. Thermosensitive gas;55. Heating chamber;56. Second partition;57. Linkage member;571. First slide bar;572. Connecting rod;573. Cam;58. Negative pressure member;581. Air guide tube;582. Second piston;583. Second slide bar;584. Connecting plate;585. Guide rod;586. Smoke inlet pipe;587. Second air inlet one-way valve;588. Smoke outlet pipe;589. Second air outlet one-way valve;59. Cooling pipe;591. U-shaped tube;592. First air outlet one-way valve;593. First air inlet one-way valve;50. Return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, this embodiment proposes a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace, including a furnace body 1, the bottom end of the furnace body 1 is fixedly connected to a base 2, one end of the top of the base 2 is provided with a separation mechanism 3, the separation mechanism 3 includes a refractory box 31 fixedly connected to the top of the base 2, the inner side of the refractory box 31 is fixedly connected to a separation box 32, the separation box 32 is made of refractory bricks, the bottom end of the furnace body 1 is provided with a molten liquid discharge channel 33 connected to the inside of the separation box 32, and the middle part of the inner side of the separation box 32 is fixedly connected with an inclined A separation plate 36 is provided with a molten liquid outlet 37, a slag outlet 39 is provided at the top of the separation box 32, a material outlet 38 is provided at the bottom of the separation box 32, an insulation chamber 34 is provided between the refractory box 31 and the separation box 32, one end of the top of the refractory box 31 is fixedly connected to a flue gas duct 35 connected to the inside of the insulation chamber 34, the inlet end of the flue gas duct 35 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the furnace body 1, and the other end of the top of the refractory box 31 is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe 30 connected to the inside of the insulation chamber 34.

[0034] The molten liquid inside the furnace body 1 is introduced into the separation box 32 through the molten liquid discharge channel 33, the molten metal sinks through the molten liquid outlet 37 and is discharged from the discharge port 38, and the slag floats and is discharged from the slag outlet 39, and the insulation chamber 34 can reduce the heat loss of the molten liquid inside the separation box 32. At the same time, the flue gas duct 35 introduces the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the furnace body 1 into the insulation chamber 34, which can indirectly heat the molten liquid inside the separation box 32, so that the molten liquid remains in a boiling state for clarification and separation. This not only realizes the reuse of the flue gas heat, but also avoids the problem of condensation caused by heat loss after the molten liquid is transferred outside the furnace.

[0035] Furthermore, an air intake mechanism 4 is provided at the top of the insulation box 41, and the air intake mechanism 4 includes a heat exchange tube 44 fixedly connected to the top of the insulation box 41, and a plurality of first partitions 45 fixedly connected to the inner side of the insulation box 41. The plurality of first partitions 45 are staggered up and down along the length direction of the insulation box 41, and the plurality of first partitions 45 form an S-shaped channel. The inlet end of the heat exchange tube 44 is provided with a thermal drive mechanism 5 for introducing the flue gas at the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe 30 into the inside of the heat exchange tube 44 by absorbing the heat of the flue gas. One end of the insulation box 41 is provided with an air inlet 42 for introducing air, and the other end of the insulation box 41 is provided with an air supply part 43 for introducing the air inside the insulation box 41 into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 by cooperating with the start-up of the thermal drive mechanism 5.

[0036] Air is introduced into the heat preservation box 41 through the air inlet 42, and at the same time, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the smoke outlet pipe 30 is introduced into the heat exchange tube 44 through the heat drive mechanism 5, so that the air exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube 44, which makes the air absorption amount heated, and the S-shaped channel formed by the first partitions 45 can extend the flow path of the air, so that the air can absorb more heat to heat up, and then the hot air is introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air supply member 43, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas can be reused, which greatly saves energy.

[0037] Furthermore, the air delivery member 43 includes a cylinder 431, one end of which is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe 432, the inlet end of which is fixedly connected to the heat preservation box 41, and the other end of the cylinder 431 is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe 433, which is connected to the air inlet end of the furnace body 1. The inner side of the cylinder 431 is rotatably connected to an air suction impeller 434, one side of which is coaxially fixedly connected to a first bevel gear 435, and the inner side of the cylinder 431 is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear 436 that meshes with the first bevel gear 435. By driving the second bevel gear 436 to rotate, the first bevel gear 435 can be rotated synchronously, which causes the air suction impeller 434 to rotate, reducing the pressure at the inlet end of the cylinder 431, thereby causing the hot air inside the heat preservation box 41 to be sucked out and introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air outlet pipe 433, thereby supplying hot air to the interior of the furnace body 1.

[0038] Furthermore, the heat drive mechanism 5 includes an insulation tube 51 fixedly connected to the top of the refractory box 31, and a sealing tube 52 is concentrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the insulation tube 51. A heating chamber 55 is opened between the sealing tube 52 and the insulation tube 51, and the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe 30 is connected to the interior of the heating chamber 55. A plurality of second baffles 56 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heating chamber 55, and the plurality of second baffles 56 are staggered up and down along the length direction of the heating chamber 55. The plurality of second baffles 56 form an S-shaped channel in the heating chamber 55. A first piston 53 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sealing tube 52, and one end of the interior of the sealing tube 52 is filled with a heat-sensitive gas 54. A cooling pipe 59 for cooling the heat-sensitive gas 54 is provided on the outer side of the insulation tube 51. The cooling pipe 59 includes a U-shaped tube 591, and the two ends of the U-shaped tube 591 are respectively located on both sides of the first piston 53. One end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the sealing tube 52. The other end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the sealing cylinder 52, and the outlet end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected to the first air outlet one-way valve 592, and the inlet end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected to the first air inlet one-way valve 593. The gas flow of the first air outlet one-way valve 592 is guided by the U-shaped tube 591 to the inside of the sealing cylinder 52, and the gas flow of the first air inlet one-way valve 593 is introduced from the inside of the sealing cylinder 52 into the U-shaped tube 591. The other end of the sealing cylinder 52 is sleeved with a return spring 50, one end of the return spring 50 is in contact with the first piston 53, and the other end of the return spring 50 is in contact with the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 52. The outer side of the sealing cylinder 52 is provided with a linkage part 57 which drives the second bevel gear 436 to rotate by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston 53. One end of the heating chamber 55 is provided with a negative pressure part 58 which guides the flue gas inside the heating chamber 55 into the inside of the heat exchange tube 44 by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston 53.

[0039] The high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the heating chamber 55 through the smoke outlet pipe 30, which increases the temperature inside the sealing cylinder 52 and causes the heat-sensitive gas 54 to expand due to the heat. This causes one side of the first piston 53 to slide under the air pressure of the heat-sensitive gas 54. At this time, the return spring 50 is compressed and accumulates potential energy. When the first piston 53 slides over the inlet end of the U-shaped tube 591, the heat-sensitive gas 54 is introduced into the interior of the U-shaped tube 591, and part of the U-shaped tube 591 is located on the outside of the sealing cylinder 52 and contacts the air. This causes the heat-sensitive gas 54 inside the U-shaped tube 591 to exchange heat with the external cold air for cooling. The cooled heat-sensitive gas 54 is introduced into the sealing cylinder 52 again through the first air outlet one-way valve 592, causing the internal pressure of the sealing cylinder 52 to decrease temporarily. At this time, the return spring 50 releases the potential energy and causes the first piston 5 3 reverse sliding. When the heat-sensitive gas 54 heats up again, the first piston 53 slides again under the pressure of the heat-sensitive gas 54. In this cycle, the first piston 53 can slide back and forth, which makes the linkage 57 drive the second bevel gear 436 to rotate, so that the first bevel gear 435 rotates synchronously, which makes the suction impeller 434 rotate, so that the pressure at the inlet end of the cylinder 431 is reduced, and the hot air inside the heat preservation box 41 is sucked out and introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air outlet pipe 433, thereby realizing the supply of hot air inside the furnace body 1. The negative pressure member 58 guides the flue gas inside the heating chamber 55 into the heat exchange tube 44. The air inside the heat preservation box 41 exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube 44, which makes the air absorption amount heated, and also makes full use of the heat of the flue gas.

[0040] Furthermore, the linkage member 57 includes a first slide bar 571 that passes through the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52, the first slide bar 571 is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52, one end of the first slide bar 571 is fixedly connected to the first piston 53, the other end of the first slide bar 571 is hinged with a connecting rod 572, the second bevel gear 436 is coaxially fixedly connected to the cam 573, the outer edge of the cam 573 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 572 through a pin, and the negative pressure member 58 includes an air guide cylinder 581 fixedly connected to the top of the insulation cylinder 51, the inner side of the air guide cylinder 581 is slidably connected to the second piston 582, one end of the air guide cylinder 581 is slidably connected to the second slide bar 583 that passes through the side wall of the air guide cylinder 581, one end of the second slide bar 583 is fixedly connected to the second piston 582, and the second slide bar 583 is fixedly connected to the second piston 582. The other end is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 584, and the bottom end of the connecting plate 584 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 585, which passes through the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52 and extends to the inner side of the sealing cylinder 52. The guide rod 585 is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52, and the end of the guide rod 585 away from the connecting plate 584 is fixedly connected to one side of the first piston 53. One end of the bottom of the air guide cylinder 581 is fixedly connected to a flue gas inlet pipe 586 connected to the inside of the heating chamber 55, and the inlet end of the flue gas inlet pipe 586 is fixedly connected to a second air inlet check valve 587. One end of the top of the air guide cylinder 581 is fixedly connected to a flue gas outlet pipe 588, and the outlet end of the flue gas outlet pipe 588 is connected to the heat exchange pipe 44. The outlet end of the flue gas outlet pipe 588 is fixedly connected to a second air outlet check valve 589.

[0041] Working principle: The molten liquid inside the furnace body 1 is introduced into the separation box 32 through the molten liquid discharge channel 33. The molten metal sinks through the molten liquid outlet 37 and is discharged from the discharge port 38, while the slag floats up and is discharged from the slag outlet 39. The heat preservation chamber 34 can reduce the heat loss of the molten liquid inside the separation box 32. At the same time, the flue gas duct 35 guides the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the furnace body 1 into the heat preservation chamber 34, which can indirectly heat the molten liquid inside the separation box 32, so that the molten liquid remains in a boiling state for clarification and separation.

[0042] The high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the heating chamber 55 through the smoke outlet pipe 30, which increases the temperature inside the sealing cylinder 52 and expands the heat-sensitive gas 54. This causes one side of the first piston 53 to slide under the air pressure of the heat-sensitive gas 54. At this time, the return spring 50 is compressed and accumulates potential energy. When the first piston 53 slides over the inlet end of the U-shaped tube 591, the heat-sensitive gas 54 is introduced into the interior of the U-shaped tube 591, and part of the U-shaped tube 591 is located on the outside of the sealing cylinder 52 and contacts the air. This causes the heat-sensitive gas 54 inside the U-shaped tube 591 to exchange heat with the external cold air for cooling. The cooled heat-sensitive gas 54 is introduced into the sealing cylinder 52 again through the first air outlet one-way valve 592, causing the internal pressure of the sealing cylinder 52 to decrease temporarily. At this time, the return spring 50 releases the potential energy and causes the first piston 53 to slide in the opposite direction. When the heat-sensitive gas 54 After the gas 54 is heated again, the first piston 53 slides again under the action of the gas pressure of the heat-sensitive gas 54, and the cycle continues. The first piston 53 can slide back and forth, causing the guide rod 585 to slide back and forth, and the connecting plate 584 to drive the second slide rod 583 to slide back and forth, which in turn causes the second piston 582 to slide back and forth, thereby causing the pressure inside the gas cylinder 581 to increase and decrease periodically. When the pressure inside the gas cylinder 581 decreases, the flue gas inlet pipe 586 guides the high-temperature flue gas into the gas cylinder 581. When the pressure inside the gas cylinder 581 increases, the flue gas outlet pipe 588 guides the high-temperature flue gas in the gas cylinder 581 into the heat exchange tube 44 inside the insulation box 41, so that the air inside the insulation box 41 exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube 44, thereby heating the air absorption capacity and realizing the reuse of the heat of the high-temperature flue gas.

[0043] When the first piston 53 slides back and forth, the first slide bar 571 can slide back and forth, so that the connecting rod 572 drives the cam 573 to rotate, which in turn causes the second bevel gear 436 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 435 to rotate synchronously, which causes the suction impeller 434 to rotate, thereby reducing the pressure at the inlet end of the cylinder 431, and causing the hot air inside the insulation box 41 to be sucked out and introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air outlet pipe 433. This process can convert the thermal energy of the high-temperature flue gas into mechanical energy to provide power for the air supply of the furnace body 1, greatly improving the utilization rate of the flue gas heat and further saving energy.

[0044] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein the bottom end of the furnace body (1) is fixedly connected to a base (2), characterized in that: A separation mechanism (3) is provided at one end of the top of the base (2), and the separation mechanism (3) comprises a refractory box (31) fixedly connected to the top of the base (2), a separation box (32) fixedly connected to the inner side of the refractory box (31), a molten liquid discharge channel (33) communicating with the interior of the separation box (32) is provided at the bottom end of the furnace body (1), a separation plate (36) arranged obliquely is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner side of the separation box (32), a molten liquid outlet (37) is provided on the separation plate (36), and the separation box ( A slag outlet (39) is provided at the top of the separation box (32), a material outlet (38) is provided at the bottom of the separation box (32), a heat preservation chamber (34) is provided between the refractory box (31) and the separation box (32), one end of the top of the refractory box (31) is fixedly connected to a flue gas duct (35) connected to the inside of the heat preservation chamber (34), an inlet end of the flue gas duct (35) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the furnace body (1), and the other end of the top of the refractory box (31) is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe (30) connected to the inside of the heat preservation chamber (34); The air inlet of the furnace body is connected to the heat preservation box (41), and an air intake mechanism (4) is provided at the top of the heat preservation box (41). The air intake mechanism (4) includes a heat exchange tube (44) fixedly connected to the top of the heat preservation box (41). The inner side of the heat preservation box (41) is fixedly connected to the heat exchange tube (44). The inlet end of the heat exchange tube (44) is provided with a heat drive mechanism (5) for introducing the smoke from the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (30) into the interior of the heat exchange tube (44) by absorbing the heat of the smoke. An air inlet (42) for introducing air is provided at one end of the heat preservation box (41), and an air delivery member (43) for introducing the air inside the heat preservation box (41) into the air inlet end of the furnace body (1) by cooperating with the start of the heat drive mechanism (5). The air delivery member (43) comprises a cylinder (431), one end of the cylinder (431) is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe (432), the inlet end of the air inlet pipe (432) is fixedly connected to the heat preservation box (41), the other end of the cylinder (431) is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (433), the air outlet pipe (433) is connected to the air inlet end of the furnace body (1), the inner side of the cylinder (431) is rotatably connected to an air suction impeller (434), one side of the air suction impeller (434) is coaxially fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (435), and the inner side of the cylinder (431) is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear (436) meshing with the first bevel gear (435); The heat drive mechanism (5) includes a heat preservation tube (51) fixedly connected to the top of the refractory box (31), a sealing tube (52) is fixedly connected concentrically to the inner side of the heat preservation tube (51), a heating chamber (55) is provided between the sealing tube (52) and the heat preservation tube (51), the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (30) is connected to the interior of the heating chamber (55), a first piston (53) is slidably connected to the inner side of the sealing tube (52), one end of the interior of the sealing tube (52) is filled with a heat-sensitive gas (54), and a cooling pipe for cooling the heat-sensitive gas (54) is provided on the outer side of the heat preservation tube (51). (59), a return spring (50) is sleeved on the other end of the sealing cylinder (52), one end of the return spring (50) contacts the first piston (53), and the other end of the return spring (50) contacts the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (52), and a linkage member (57) is provided on the outer side of the sealing cylinder (52) for driving the second bevel gear (436) to rotate by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston (53), and a negative pressure member (58) is provided at one end of the heating chamber (55) for guiding the flue gas inside the heating chamber (55) into the inside of the heat exchange tube (44) by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston (53); The cooling pipe (59) comprises a U-shaped tube (591), the two ends of the U-shaped tube (591) being respectively located on both sides of the first piston (53), one end of the U-shaped tube (591) being fixedly connected to the inlet end of the sealing cylinder (52), the other end of the U-shaped tube (591) being fixedly connected to the outlet end of the sealing cylinder (52), the outlet end of the U-shaped tube (591) being fixedly connected to a first air outlet one-way valve (592), and the inlet end of the U-shaped tube (591) being fixedly connected to a first air inlet one-way valve (593).

2. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first partitions (45) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat preservation box (41), and the plurality of first partitions (45) are staggered and distributed up and down along the length direction of the heat preservation box (41), and the plurality of first partitions (45) form an S-shaped channel.

3. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas flow of the first gas outlet one-way valve (592) is guided from the U-shaped tube (591) to the interior of the sealing cylinder (52), and the gas flow of the first gas inlet one-way valve (593) is guided from the interior of the sealing cylinder (52) to the U-shaped tube (591).

4. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage member (57) includes a first slide rod (571) penetrating the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52), the first slide rod (571) being slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52), one end of the first slide rod (571) being fixedly connected to the first piston (53), the other end of the first slide rod (571) being hinged to a connecting rod (572), the second bevel gear (436) being coaxially fixedly connected to a cam (573), and the outer edge of the cam (573) being rotatably connected to the connecting rod (572) via a pin.

5. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second baffles (56) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heating chamber (55), and the plurality of second baffles (56) are staggered and distributed up and down along the length direction of the heating chamber (55), and the plurality of second baffles (56) form an S-shaped channel in the heating chamber (55).

6. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure member (58) includes an air guide cylinder (581) fixedly connected to the top of the heat-insulating cylinder (51), the inner side of the air guide cylinder (581) is slidably connected to a second piston (582), one end of the air guide cylinder (581) is slidably connected to a second slide rod (583) that passes through the side wall of the air guide cylinder (581), one end of the second slide rod (583) is fixedly connected to the second piston (582), the other end of the second slide rod (583) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (584), the bottom end of the connecting plate (584) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (585), the guide rod (585) passes through the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52) and extends to the inner side of the sealing cylinder (52), The guide rod (585) is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52), and one end of the guide rod (585) away from the connecting plate (584) is fixedly connected to one side of the first piston (53). One end of the bottom of the air guide cylinder (581) is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe (586) connected to the interior of the heating chamber (55), and the inlet end of the smoke inlet pipe (586) is fixedly connected to a second air inlet check valve (587). One end of the top of the air guide cylinder (581) is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe (588), and the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (588) is connected to the heat exchange pipe (44). The outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (588) is fixedly connected to a second air outlet check valve (589).

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