Water-flooded plant detection device based on electrochemical principle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of detection devices, and relates to a waterlogged factory building detection device based on an electrochemical principle, capacitance electrodes of a capacitance sensor are vertically arranged, and along with the increase of the water level, capacitance signal changes are obtained through changes of dielectric constants between the capacitance electrodes; a floating fuel cell sensor is arranged between the capacitance electrodes in the vertical direction, and the water level is detected according to the current / voltage signal change generated by the change of the distance between a floating cathode of the fuel cell sensor and a fixed microbial anode along with the change of the water level; in the capacitance sensor, the rising of the liquid level causes the increase of the capacitance dielectric constant, thereby generating an increased capacitance signal; in the fuel cell sensor, the increase of the liquid level causes the increase of the internal and external resistances of the electrode, and the current signal is reduced along with the increase of the liquid level; changes in the liquid level are detected based on negative feedback of both by combining a capacitance signal that increases as the liquid level increases and a current signal that decreases as the liquid level increases. The water level change can be detected more reliably.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of detection devices, and in particular relates to a flooded plant building detection device based on an electrochemical principle, which serves as a flooded plant building detection device for a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] Once a hydropower station has a flooded plant accident, it is very likely to cause serious equipment and personal safety problems. In order to prevent such accidents, it is very important to adopt reasonable flooded plant monitoring methods. At present, the commonly used flooded plant monitoring methods mainly rely on traditional mechanical transmission sensors. These sensors usually sense water level changes by installing multiple floats in the low-lying areas of the plant. When the water level rises, the float floats, and the mechanical transmission device converts this change into an electrical signal and transmits it to the monitoring system. The monitoring system then sends the signal to the host computer for alarm display. However, when the float is submerged in water, if the float fails to output a signal normally due to a malfunction, or the output signal is incorrect, the host computer will not be able to issue a timely and accurate alarm. In this case, the staff may not be able to quickly detect the abnormality, delaying emergency response to extreme situations. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems of float switch failure or signal distortion that may exist in existing water level detection devices, the present invention proposes a flooded plant detection device based on electrochemical principles. The invention combines a capacitive liquid level sensor and a fuel cell sensor. The basic principle is to detect the liquid level based on the change in capacitance under liquid level and the change in battery voltage / current through a bidirectional combination of the electrical signal in the capacitor and the fuel cell.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A flooded plant detection device based on electrochemical principles, comprising a capacitive sensor, a fuel cell sensor, and a resistance electrode;

[0006] The capacitance electrodes of the capacitance sensor are arranged vertically. As the water level increases, the capacitance signal change is obtained by the change of the dielectric constant between the capacitance electrodes. At the same time, a floating fuel cell sensor is arranged vertically between the capacitance electrodes. As the water level changes, the current / voltage signal change generated by the change in the distance between the floating cathode and the fixed microbial anode of the fuel cell sensor detects the water level.

[0007] In a capacitive sensor, rising liquid level causes an increase in the capacitor dielectric constant, thereby generating an increased capacitance signal; in a fuel cell sensor, the increase in liquid level will cause an increase in the internal and external resistance of the electrode, and the current signal decreases with the increase in liquid level; by combining the capacitance signal that increases with the increase in liquid level and the current signal that decreases with the increase in liquid level, based on the negative feedback of the two, the change in liquid level can ultimately be detected more accurately.

[0008] Further, the capacitive sensor includes a first capacitive electrode and a second capacitive electrode;

[0009] The fuel cell sensor includes a microbial anode and a floating cathode;

[0010] The first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode are arranged vertically and in parallel, and the lower ends thereof are fixed on the base.

[0011] The microbial anode, floating cathode and resistance electrode of the fuel cell sensor are arranged between the first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode; the microbial anode is located below the floating cathode and fixed on the base, and the floating cathode moves freely up and down between the first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode along the guide groove;

[0012] The capacitive sensor is insulated from the microbial anode and floating cathode of the fuel cell sensor;

[0013] The resistance electrode is electrically connected to the microbial anode and the floating cathode of the fuel cell sensor.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Compared with the existing float detection device, the detection device of the present invention is based on the electrochemical principle, combines the capacitor and the fuel cell sensor device, and combines the negative feedback signal between the two to more reliably detect water level changes.

[0016] 2. The present invention adopts a microbial anode in the fuel cell sensor, which can directly utilize the microorganisms and organic matter in the water body to generate electricity without the need for additional power supply.

[0017] 3. The floating cathode in the present invention is an air electrode, which can directly utilize oxygen in the air to react and generate electricity. The final product is water, and no secondary pollution is caused to the water body.

[0018] 4. The electrode material and electrode structure used in the present invention are not particularly limited. Engineering technicians can design according to actual conditions while ensuring good conductivity and stability, which has good universality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific technical solution of the present invention is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a flooded plant detection device based on electrochemical principle includes a capacitive sensor, a fuel cell sensor, a resistor electrode 2, and a base 5;

[0023] By arranging the capacitor electrodes of the capacitive sensor vertically, as the water level increases, the change in the capacitance signal is obtained through the change in the dielectric constant between the capacitor electrodes; at the same time, a floating fuel cell sensor is arranged vertically between the capacitor electrodes. As the water level changes, the current / voltage signal changes generated by the change in the distance between the floating cathode and the fixed microbial anode of the fuel cell sensor are used to detect the water level. In the capacitive sensor, the rise in liquid level will cause the capacitor dielectric constant to increase, thereby generating a larger capacitance signal; while in the fuel cell sensor, the increase in liquid level will cause the internal and external resistance of the electrode to increase, and the current signal decreases as the liquid level increases. By combining the capacitance signal that increases with the increase in liquid level and the current signal that decreases with the increase in liquid level, based on the negative feedback of the two, the change in liquid level can be detected more accurately.

[0024] The capacitive sensor comprises a first capacitive electrode 1a and a second capacitive electrode 1b;

[0025] The fuel cell sensor comprises a microbial anode 3 and a floating cathode 4;

[0026] The first capacitor electrode 1 a and the second capacitor electrode 1 b are arranged vertically and in parallel, and the lower ends of the electrodes are fixed on the base 5 .

[0027] The microbial anode 3, floating cathode 4 and resistor electrode 2 of the fuel cell sensor are arranged between the first capacitor electrode 1a and the second capacitor electrode 1b; the microbial anode 3 is located below the floating cathode 4 and fixed on the base 5, and the floating cathode 4 moves freely up and down between the first capacitor electrode 1a and the second capacitor electrode 1b along the guide groove;

[0028] The capacitive sensor is insulated from the microbial anode 3 and the floating cathode 4 of the fuel cell sensor;

[0029] The resistance electrode 2 is electrically connected to the microbial anode 3 and the floating cathode 4 of the fuel cell sensor.

[0030] During operation, since there is a simple functional relationship between the liquid level and the relative dielectric constant between the first capacitor electrode 1a and the second capacitor electrode 1b, the water level is detected by obtaining the empirical relationship between the liquid level and the electrode capacitance C. For the fuel cell sensor, the microbial anode 3 can use the microorganisms and organic matter in the water to generate electrons, and then transmit the electrons to the floating cathode 4 through the resistor electrode 2, and finally generate a current signal I by directly using the air reaction. Based on the linear relationship between the resistance and liquid level of the fuel cell sensor, the current signal I and the actual liquid level H change can be directly obtained.

[0031]

[0032] where ε0 and ε r are the vacuum dielectric constant and relative dielectric constant, A and d are the electrode area and spacing of the capacitive sensor, respectively.

[0033]

[0034] Where R in and R ex are the internal resistance and external resistance of the fuel cell sensor respectively; R t It is the total resistance of the fuel cell sensor and is linearly related to the liquid level.

[0035] The anode of the fuel cell sensor in the present invention is a microbial anode 3, which uses mixed anaerobic microorganisms, which are electrochemically active bacteria. For example, common anodes include Geobacter and Shewanella, which are commonly found in natural water bodies. There is no special limitation on the microorganisms during the implementation process. For example, mixed anaerobic microorganisms are directly obtained from river water, which are all electrochemically active bacteria. During the application process, technicians can domesticate and culture the electrochemically active microorganisms according to actual conditions to obtain the microbial anode used in the system.

[0036] The anode and cathode of the capacitive sensor and fuel cell sensor used in the present invention can be materials with high conductivity and good stability such as graphite rods / sheets / felt, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon cloth, carbon paper and carbon fiber brushes, and the above materials can also be surface modified and machined; the capacitive sensor electrode can be a graphite rod, an anti-corrosion metal rod, etc. Under the conditions of good conductivity and stability, there is no special limitation on the electrode material. In addition to the above-mentioned plane design of the capacitive sensor and fuel cell sensor electrode, engineers and technicians can use different structural forms to design according to actual conditions in the application to obtain better electrical signal output.

[0037] The detection device of this embodiment simultaneously obtains the capacitance signal of the capacitance sensor and the current signal of the fuel cell sensor, forming a two-way feedback of the two signals. Therefore, the reliability of the water level monitoring signal can be effectively guaranteed, avoiding the problem of inaccurate detection caused by single signal failure or distortion. The battery anode uses a biological electrode, which can use microorganisms and organic matter in the water to release electrons, and the air electrode uses oxygen in the air to absorb electrons to form a current signal. The detection process does not generate pollutants, and no external power supply is required.

[0038] All components of the detection device of this embodiment are made of metal or carbon materials with good conductivity and stability. The materials are widely available, low in cost, and have a good scope of application.

[0039] This embodiment can also modify the above solution in any of the following ways:

[0040] (1) Change the electrode size, shape and electrode structure design, etc.

[0041] (2) Change the installation angle, layout, etc. of the electrodes.

[0042] (3) Use materials with different conductivity and stability.

[0043] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flooded plant detection device based on electrochemical principle, characterized in that: It comprises a capacitive sensor, a fuel cell sensor and a resistance electrode (2); the capacitive sensor and the fuel cell sensor are insulated; the resistance electrode (2) and the fuel cell sensor are electrically connected; The capacitance electrodes of the capacitance sensor are arranged vertically. As the water level increases, the capacitance signal change is obtained by the change of the dielectric constant between the capacitance electrodes. At the same time, a floating fuel cell sensor is arranged vertically between the capacitance electrodes. As the water level changes, the current / voltage signal change generated by the change in the distance between the floating cathode and the fixed microbial anode of the fuel cell sensor detects the water level. In a capacitive sensor, rising liquid level causes an increase in the capacitor dielectric constant, thereby generating an increased capacitance signal; in a fuel cell sensor, the increase in liquid level will cause an increase in the internal and external resistance of the electrode, and the current signal decreases with the increase in liquid level; by combining the capacitance signal that increases with the increase in liquid level and the current signal that decreases with the increase in liquid level, the change in liquid level is detected based on the negative feedback of the two.

2. The electrochemical principle-based flooded plant detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitive sensor comprises a first capacitive electrode (1a) and a second capacitive electrode (1b); The fuel cell sensor comprises a microbial anode (3) and a floating cathode (4); The first capacitor electrode (1a) and the second capacitor electrode (1b) are arranged vertically and in parallel, and the lower ends are fixed on the base (5); The microbial anode (3), floating cathode (4) and resistor electrode (2) of the fuel cell sensor are arranged between a first capacitor electrode (1a) and a second capacitor electrode (1b); the microbial anode (3) is located below the floating cathode (4) and fixed on a base (5); the floating cathode (4) is freely movable up and down between the first capacitor electrode (1a) and the second capacitor electrode (1b); The capacitance sensor is insulated from the microbial anode (3) and the floating cathode (4) of the fuel cell sensor; The resistance electrode (2) is electrically connected to the microbial anode (3) and the floating cathode (4) of the fuel cell sensor.

3. The electrochemical principle-based flooded plant detection device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A guide groove is provided between the first capacitor electrode (1a) and the second capacitor electrode (1b), and the floating cathode (4) moves freely up and down between the first capacitor electrode (1a) and the second capacitor electrode (1b) along the guide groove.

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