Compaction water release simulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a compaction water release simulator, relates to the technical field of monitoring and prediction, and mainly aims to accurately simulate the compaction water release process of an aquitard and the accumulative effect of long-term land subsidence. According to the main technical scheme, the compaction water release simulator comprises a mold cylinder used for containing a soil body sample, a drainage assembly is arranged on one side of the mold cylinder in the axial direction, and a pressing rod is arranged on the other side of the mold cylinder in the axial direction; the first driving assembly is connected with the pressing rod, and the first driving assembly is used for driving the pressing rod to ascend and descend; the control assembly comprises a pressure sensor and an analysis module, the pressure sensor is connected with the first driving assembly and used for monitoring the pressure value of the first driving assembly acting on the soil body sample through the pressing rod, and the analysis module is connected with the pressure sensor and the first driving assembly and used for obtaining the pressure value; and comparing with a preset interval, and controlling the first driving assembly to move based on a comparison result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of monitoring and prediction technology, and specifically relates to a compaction and water release simulator. Background Art

[0002] In today's era, the rapid economic development has led to a significant improvement in industrial production, agricultural irrigation and the living standards of residents, and the dependence on groundwater resources behind these developments has also deepened. In the past few decades, large-scale and uncontrolled exploitation of groundwater resources has been extremely common, and its uses have widely covered many aspects such as cooling and processing in industrial manufacturing, large-scale irrigation in the agricultural field, and water supply for daily life of urban residents. However, this excessive exploitation behavior has caused a series of extremely serious geological and environmental problems, among which the problem of ground subsidence is particularly prominent. Ground subsidence not only causes serious damage to the stability of geological structures, causing geological disasters such as stratum deformation and ground fissures, but also has a profound negative impact on the regional ecological environment, such as changing the distribution of surface water systems and destroying the vegetation growth environment. More seriously, ground subsidence poses a direct and significant threat to the safety of life and property of local residents, threatens the safety and stability of buildings, affects the normal operation of infrastructure, and may even cause dangerous conditions such as underground pipeline ruptures.

[0003] In the study of land subsidence, although some technical means have been used to carry out relevant experimental research in an attempt to reveal the internal mechanism and law of land subsidence. However, these existing technologies still have obvious limitations and shortcomings. For example, when simulating the extremely critical process of compaction and water release of weak permeable layers in the process of land subsidence, the control accuracy is limited, and it is impossible to accurately restore the complex physical process of the slow extrusion of water from the weak permeable layer under pressure and the gradual compaction of the stratum. At the same time, the existing technology and equipment are even more difficult to effectively simulate the cumulative effect produced by long-term land subsidence. In the actual geological environment, the compaction of the stratum and the water release process of the permeable layer are an extremely complex and long dynamic evolution process, involving the interaction and influence of many factors, such as the difference in mechanical properties of different strata, the dynamic changes of groundwater levels, the transmission and dissipation of pore water pressure, etc. When facing such a complex process, traditional experimental equipment or technical means lack sufficient capabilities and means in terms of precise control of pressure changes, which seriously restricts the in-depth and comprehensive research and understanding of the land subsidence problem, and lacks a solid scientific basis and technical support when formulating effective prevention and control measures and response strategies. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a compaction and water release simulator, whose main purpose is to accurately simulate the compaction and water release process of weakly permeable layers and the cumulative effect of long-term ground subsidence, to provide an advanced, accurate and reliable experimental simulation tool for in-depth research on the ground subsidence mechanism, and thus to lay a solid foundation for formulating scientific and effective ground subsidence prevention and control strategies.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application mainly provides the following technical solutions: The present application provides a compaction water release simulator, comprising: A mold cylinder, the mold cylinder is used to accommodate soil samples, a drainage assembly is provided on one side of the mold cylinder in the axial direction, and a pressure rod is provided on the other side of the mold cylinder in the axial direction; A first driving assembly, the first driving assembly is connected to the pressure rod, and the first driving assembly is used to drive the pressure rod to rise and fall; A control component, wherein the control component includes a pressure sensor and an analysis module, wherein the pressure sensor is connected to the first drive component, and is used to monitor the pressure value of the first drive component acting on the soil sample through the pressure rod, and the analysis module is respectively connected to the pressure sensor and the first drive component, and is used to obtain the pressure value and compare it with a preset setting interval, and control the movement of the first drive component based on the comparison result.

[0006] Optionally, when the analysis module obtains that the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor is equal to the upper limit value of the preset setting interval, the analysis module controls the first driving component to stop running; When the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor acquired by the analysis module is equal to the lower limit value of the preset setting interval, the analysis module controls the first driving component to perform a pressurization operation according to a preset gradient loading scheme, and continues to pressurize until the pressure value is equal to the upper limit value of the preset setting interval again.

[0007] Optionally, the control component further includes: Position sensor, the analysis module is also connected to the position sensor, the position sensor is used to monitor the position information of the pressure rod, during the operation of the compaction and water release simulator, the analysis module obtains the position information to determine whether the pressure rod has reached a preset stop position or deceleration position.

[0008] Optionally, the compaction and water release simulator further comprises: The second driving assembly is connected to the mold cylinder and is used for driving the mold cylinder to rise and fall.

[0009] Optionally, the first driving assembly includes a first driving unit and a first movable plate, the pressure rod is relatively fixed to the first movable plate, the first movable plate is connected to a driving end of the first driving unit, and the first driving unit is used to drive the first movable plate to move, so as to drive the pressure rod to rise and fall through the first movable plate; The second driving assembly includes a second driving unit and a second movable plate. The mold cylinder is relatively fixed to the second movable plate. The second movable plate is connected to the driving end of the second driving unit. The second driving unit is used to drive the second movable plate to move, so as to drive the mold cylinder to rise and fall through the second movable plate.

[0010] Optionally, the compaction and water release simulator further comprises: a first support plate and a second support plate; The first driving unit and the second driving unit are fixed to a side of the first supporting plate facing away from the second supporting plate, the drainage assembly is fixed to a side of the second supporting plate opposite to the first supporting plate, a support rod is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, and the first movable plate and the second movable plate are movably arranged on the support rod.

[0011] Optionally, a wear-resistant guide sleeve is provided at one end of the pressure rod close to the mold barrel, and when the end of the pressure rod close to the mold barrel moves into the mold barrel during operation, the wear-resistant guide sleeve is used to contact the inner wall of the mold barrel.

[0012] Optionally, a sealing ring is further provided at one end of the pressure rod close to the mold barrel. When the pressure rod moves into the mold barrel near one end of the mold barrel during operation, the sealing ring is used to fit against the inner wall of the mold barrel to seal the mold barrel, and a vacuum exhaust hole is provided on the mold barrel, which is used to connect to an external vacuum device.

[0013] Optionally, the drainage component includes: A conical drain outlet, the conical drain outlet comprising a first end and a second end, the opening area of ​​the first end being larger than the opening area of ​​the second end, the first end being provided with a gasket, and when the mold barrel is connected to the conical drain outlet, the gasket is used to fit the inner wall of the mold barrel; A porous partition is arranged in the conical drain outlet, and the porous partition has a plurality of water filtering holes.

[0014] Optionally, a safety grating is provided on the outside of the compaction and water release simulator, and the safety grating is connected to the control component.

[0015] By means of the above technical solution, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: The compaction and water release simulator provided in the embodiment of the present application monitors the pressure value of the pressure rod acting on the soil sample in real time by setting a pressure sensor, and controls the movement of the first drive component after the analysis module compares it with the preset setting interval, which can accurately regulate the pressure change, accurately simulate the compaction and water release process of the soil under different pressure conditions, avoid excessive or too small pressure causing inaccurate simulation results, and make the experimental data more reliable and scientific. Thus, the complex physical process of the slow extrusion of water from the aquitard under pressure and the gradual compaction of the stratum can be accurately simulated. In the simulation process, many factors such as the difference in mechanical properties of different strata, the dynamic changes of groundwater levels, the transmission and dissipation of pore water pressure can be taken into consideration. Through precise pressure control and long-term simulation experiments, the comprehensive influence of these factors in the compaction and water release process can be reflected, making the simulation results closer to the actual geological conditions. Furthermore, due to its ability of precise pressure control and continuous operation, the compaction and water release simulator can be used for long-term simulation experiments, thereby effectively simulating the cumulative effects of long-term ground subsidence. It is of great significance for comprehensively evaluating the long-term impact of ground subsidence on geological structure, ecological environment, infrastructure, etc., and provides key data support for the formulation of scientific and reasonable long-term prevention and control strategies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a compaction and water release simulator according to an optional embodiment of the present application.

[0017] The reference numerals are as follows: 1. Mold cylinder; 2. Drainage assembly; 21. Conical drain outlet; 22. Porous partition; 3. Pressure rod; 4. First drive assembly; 41. First drive unit; 42. First movable plate; 5. Control assembly; 51. Pressure sensor; 52. Analysis module; 53. Position sensor; 6. Second drive assembly; 61. Second drive unit; 62. Second movable plate; 7. First support plate; 8. Second support plate; 9. Support rod; 10. Wear-resistant guide sleeve; 11. Sealing ring; 12. Vacuum extraction hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0022] See also Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present application, a compaction and water release simulator is provided, comprising: a mold cylinder 1, the mold cylinder 1 is used to accommodate a soil sample, a drainage assembly 2 is provided on one side of the mold cylinder 1 in the axial direction, and a pressure rod 3 is provided on the other side of the mold cylinder 1 in the axial direction; a first drive assembly 4, the first drive assembly 4 is connected to the pressure rod 3, and the first drive assembly 4 is used to drive the pressure rod 3 to rise and fall; a control assembly 5, the control assembly 5 comprises a pressure sensor 51 and an analysis module 52, the pressure sensor 51 is connected to the first drive assembly 4, the pressure sensor 51 is used to monitor the pressure value of the first drive assembly 4 acting on the soil sample through the pressure rod 3, the analysis module 52 is respectively connected to the pressure sensor 51 and the first drive assembly 4, the analysis module 52 is used to obtain the pressure value, and compare it with a preset setting interval, and control the movement of the first drive assembly 4 based on the comparison result.

[0023] In this embodiment, by setting a pressure sensor 51 to monitor the pressure value of the pressure rod 3 acting on the soil sample in real time, and by comparing the analysis module 52 with the preset setting interval, the first drive component 4 is controlled to move, so that the pressure change can be accurately regulated, and the compaction and water release process of the soil under different pressure conditions can be accurately simulated to avoid inaccurate simulation results caused by excessive or too small pressure, so as to make the experimental data more reliable and scientific. Thus, the complex physical process of the slow extrusion of water from the aquitard under pressure and the gradual compaction of the stratum can be accurately simulated. In the simulation process, many factors such as the difference in mechanical properties of different strata, the dynamic change of groundwater level, the transmission and dissipation of pore water pressure can be taken into consideration. Through precise pressure control and long-term simulation experiments, the comprehensive influence of these factors in the compaction and water release process can be reflected, so that the simulation results are closer to the actual geological conditions. Furthermore, due to its ability of precise pressure control and continuous operation, the compaction and water release simulator can be used for long-term simulation experiments, thereby effectively simulating the cumulative effects of long-term ground subsidence. It is of great significance for comprehensively evaluating the long-term impact of ground subsidence on geological structure, ecological environment, infrastructure, etc., and provides key data support for the formulation of scientific and reasonable long-term prevention and control strategies.

[0024] The soil sample may be a low-permeability or weakly permeable rock and soil medium.

[0025] The mold cylinder 1 is the basic container of the entire compaction and water release simulator, which provides a specific spatial environment for soil samples to conduct compaction and water release simulation experiments. Different components are set at both ends of the axis. The drainage component 2 on one side is used to collect the water discharged by the soil sample during the compression process. The data such as the amount and rate of discharge of these water are used to study the compaction characteristics of the soil and its relationship with water; the pressure rod 3 on the other side is the direct acting component for applying pressure. The external driving force can be transmitted to the soil sample through the pressure rod 3, causing the soil sample to undergo compaction deformation and release the water therein.

[0026] Among them, the first drive component 4 is connected to the pressure rod 3, and the main function of the first drive component 4 is to provide power for the pressure rod 3 so that the pressure rod 3 can move up and down in the axial direction of the mold cylinder 1. It can be understood that by controlling the operating parameters of the first drive component 4, such as the driving speed, stroke, etc., the pressure and action time applied by the pressure rod 3 to the soil sample can be accurately adjusted. For example, the first drive component 4 can be an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder or other device, which can output a stable and adjustable driving force according to the control signal to meet the requirements of different simulation experimental conditions, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first drive component 4 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the first drive component 4 also includes a servo motor, a solenoid valve, an oil tank and an oil pump. The servo motor is connected to the oil pump, and the output flow and pressure of the oil pump can be accurately adjusted by controlling the speed and direction of the servo motor. The oil pump is responsible for extracting hydraulic oil from the oil tank and delivering it to the hydraulic cylinder after pressurization. The solenoid valve plays a key role in controlling the flow direction and flow distribution of the hydraulic oil. It accurately switches the flow path of the hydraulic oil between different chambers of the hydraulic cylinder according to the instructions of the analysis module 52, thereby realizing the telescopic movement control of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod, and then applying accurate and adjustable pressure to the soil sample.

[0028] Among them, when the first drive component 4 is a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure sensor 51 is a pressure transmitter, and the pressure transmitter is connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. When the hydraulic cylinder starts working, the hydraulic oil is injected into the rodless chamber to push the pressure rod 3 forward. When the pressure rod 3 does not contact the soil sample, the pressure inside the rodless chamber is mainly to overcome its own friction and the resistance of the pressure rod 3 moving in the air, and this pressure is relatively small. Once the pressure rod 3 contacts the soil sample, the soil sample will generate resistance to the pressure rod 3. According to Newton's third law, the action of force is mutual. When the pressure rod 3 applies force to the soil sample, the soil sample will also give the pressure rod 3 an equal and opposite reaction force. This reaction force will increase the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless chamber. At this time, the pressure transmitter can accurately sense this pressure change in real time, and convert it into a standard electrical signal to transmit to the analysis module 52.

[0029] The analysis module 52 is the core part of the entire control system. On the one hand, the analysis module 52 receives the pressure value signal from the pressure sensor 51, and performs data processing and analysis on it; on the other hand, a specific pressure value interval, i.e., a preset setting interval, is pre-set in the analysis module 52. When the received real-time pressure value is compared with the preset setting interval, if the pressure value exceeds or is lower than the preset setting interval, the analysis module 52 will generate corresponding control instructions according to the comparison result, and send these instructions to the first drive component 4.

[0030] Specifically, in actual application, when the analysis module 52 compares the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 51 with the preset setting interval, if the pressure needs to be increased, it will send a command to the servo motor to increase its speed, so that the oil pump outputs hydraulic oil with higher pressure and flow, and the solenoid valve guides the hydraulic oil to the corresponding chamber of the hydraulic cylinder to push the piston rod out, and the pressure rod 3 applies pressure to the soil sample; on the contrary, if the pressure needs to be reduced, the speed of the servo motor is reduced, and the solenoid valve switches the hydraulic oil circuit, so that the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder flows back to the oil tank or changes its action chamber in the cylinder, the piston rod retracts, and the pressure is reduced. It should be noted that the hydraulic system composed of the servo motor, the oil pump, and the solenoid valve working in coordination, and the first drive assembly 4 composed of the hydraulic cylinder, can realize accurate automatic adjustment of the pressure applied to the pressure rod 3, thereby accurately simulating the compaction and water release process of the soil under different pressure conditions, so as to obtain more accurate and reliable experimental data and research results, which is helpful to deeply explore the mechanism and law of compaction and water release of soil in related geological processes such as ground subsidence.

[0031] In the above embodiment, when the analysis module 52 obtains that the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 51 is equal to the upper limit value of the preset setting interval, the analysis module 52 controls the first drive component 4 to stop running; when the analysis module 52 obtains that the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 51 is equal to the lower limit value of the preset setting interval, the analysis module 52 controls the first drive component 4 to perform a pressurization operation according to a preset gradient loading scheme, and continues to pressurize until the pressure value is equal to the upper limit value of the preset setting interval again.

[0032] Here, when the density of the soil sample changes, the analysis module 52 can control the first driving component 4 to automatically supplement the pressure.

[0033] Specifically, when the simulation experiment starts, the first drive component 4 applies pressure to the soil sample based on the initial instruction or the previous operating state. The pressure sensor 51 monitors the pressure changes in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder in real time and transmits the data to the analysis module 52. Once the analysis module 52 detects that the pressure value reaches the upper limit of the preset setting interval, it means that the pressure applied to the soil sample at this time has reached the upper limit of the pressure set for this simulation. In order to avoid excessive compression of the soil sample due to continued increase in pressure, affecting the accuracy of the experiment and possibly damaging the equipment or causing abnormal changes in the physical properties of the soil sample, the analysis module 52 immediately issues a control instruction to stop the first drive component 4. At this time, the soil sample is in a relatively stable stress state under this pressure, and the experiment can observe and record the compaction and water release related data of the soil at this upper limit of pressure, such as drainage rate, soil volume change, etc. When the internal structure of the soil sample changes due to its own compaction deformation, water discharge and other processes, resulting in a decrease in the reaction force on the pressure rod 3, and the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 51 drops to the lower limit of the preset setting interval, the analysis module 52 starts the first drive component 4 to perform a pressurization operation according to the preset gradient loading scheme. This preset gradient loading scheme is a pre-set pressure increase rule based on the research purpose and the understanding of the geological process. For example, it can be to gradually increase the pressure according to a certain pressure increment amplitude and time interval, accurately control the rate of pressure change, and achieve the expected purpose of adjusting the speed of pressure change. It should be noted that by continuously pressurizing according to the gradient loading scheme, it is possible to simulate the process of gradually increasing pressure under natural geological conditions as the stratum changes or external factors affect it, so that the pressure on the soil sample rises again, and the pressurization continues until the pressure value returns to the upper limit of the preset setting interval. In this way, during the entire simulation process, through this control method of stopping at the upper limit of pressure, starting at the lower limit and gradient loading, the compaction and water release characteristics of the excavated body at different pressure stages can be simulated more accurately, as well as the physical change laws during repeated loading-stabilization-reloading. This provides reliable experimental means and data support for in-depth research on geological phenomena such as ground subsidence.

[0034] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see Figure 1 As shown, the control component 5 also includes: a position sensor 53, and the analysis module 52 is also connected to the position sensor 53. The position sensor 53 is used to monitor the position information of the pressure rod 3. During the operation of the compaction and water release simulator, the analysis module 52 obtains the position information to determine whether the pressure rod 3 has reached the preset stop position or deceleration position.

[0035] In this embodiment, the position sensor 53 can monitor the position of the pressure rod 3. When the pressure rod 3 reaches the preset stop position, the analysis module 52 can promptly control the first drive assembly 4 to stop running, so as to prevent the pressure rod 3 from over-compressing the soil sample. At the same time, when the position sensor 53 detects that the pressure rod 3 reaches the deceleration position, the analysis module 52 can adjust the movement speed of the first drive assembly 4, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the pressure change rate, which can better simulate the situation of gradual increase of pressure under natural conditions, and allow the soil sample to be compacted and released under pressure conditions closer to the real geological changes, which is helpful for in-depth research on the physical characteristics and change laws of the soil under different pressure change rates.

[0036] The position sensor 53 may be a wire ruler, one end of which is fixed and the other end is connected to the pressure rod 3. When the pressure rod 3 moves, the wire of the wire ruler will stretch or contract, and the measuring device inside the wire ruler will accurately calculate the position change information of the pressure rod 3 according to the displacement of the wire.

[0037] Specifically, during the operation of the compaction and water release simulator, as the first drive component 4 drives the pressure rod 3 to apply pressure to the soil sample, the pressure rod 3 gradually approaches or moves away from the preset stop position or deceleration position, and the wire ruler transmits the position data of the pressure rod 3 to the analysis module 52 in real time. The analysis module 52 compares the received position information with the preset stop position and deceleration position parameters. When the analysis module 52 determines that the pressure rod 3 reaches the deceleration position, it will send a corresponding control instruction to the first drive component 4. For example, if the hydraulic cylinder is used as the first drive component 4, the analysis module 52 may adjust the speed of the servo motor or the opening of the solenoid valve, thereby reducing the extension and retraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the advancement speed of the pressure rod 3 is slowed down, so as to simulate the scene of gradual pressure changes in the actual geological process, and ensure that the experimental data is more in line with the real formation compaction process. When the pressure rod 3 reaches the preset stop position, the analysis module 52 will decisively control the first drive assembly 4 to stop working, effectively preventing the pressure rod 3 from over-compressing the soil sample, ensuring the accuracy of the experiment and the integrity of the soil sample structure, laying a solid foundation for obtaining reliable compaction and water release experimental data, and also helping to extend the service life of the equipment and reduce the risk of damage to the equipment due to misoperation or excessive operation.

[0038] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see Figure 1 As shown, the compression and water release simulator also includes: a second driving component 6, the second driving component 6 is connected to the mold cylinder 1, and the second driving component 6 is used to drive the mold cylinder 1 to rise and fall.

[0039] In this embodiment, after the experiment is over, the second driving assembly 6 drives the mold cylinder 1 to rise and fall, and the soil sample can be easily pushed out of the mold cylinder 1 through the pressing rod 3. That is to say, when it is necessary to conduct further physical property analysis on the soil sample after compaction and water release, such as observing the microstructure changes and pore distribution of the soil or conducting component detection, it is easy to obtain a complete soil sample, avoiding the damage to the sample that may be caused by manual removal of the sample, ensuring the integrity of the sample, and facilitating the accuracy of subsequent experimental analysis.

[0040] The second drive assembly 6 can be connected to the mold barrel 1 through a specific mechanical structure to ensure the stability and reliability of the connection so as to effectively transmit power. For example, the power output end of the second drive assembly 6 can be fixedly connected to the mold barrel 1 by using a connecting flange or other components.

[0041] Among them, the second driving component 6 itself has the ability to provide power to drive the mold barrel 1 to move up and down. Its power source can be in various forms, such as an electric motor driving the screw to rotate, the screw cooperates with the nut structure on the mold barrel 1, when the screw rotates, the nut drives the mold barrel 1 to move up and down along the axial direction of the screw; or a hydraulic cylinder is used as the second driving component 6, and the lifting and lowering of the mold barrel 1 is achieved by the extension and retraction of the cylinder piston rod. Taking the hydraulic cylinder as an example, when the hydraulic oil in the cylinder enters different chambers under the action of the oil pump, the piston rod will extend or retract, thereby pushing or pulling the mold barrel 1 to rise or fall.

[0042] Specifically, in the initial stage of the compaction and water release simulation experiment, the second drive assembly 6 can adjust the mold cylinder 1 to a suitable height position to facilitate the placement of the soil sample into the mold cylinder 1. For example, the mold cylinder 1 is lowered to a height that is convenient for operation, so that the operator can easily load the prepared soil sample into the mold cylinder 1 and perform preliminary sorting and fixation. After the experiment, the second drive assembly 6 can raise or lower the mold cylinder 1 to cooperate with the pressure rod 3 to push the soil sample out of the mold cylinder 1. For example, the mold cylinder 1 is raised to a certain position so that the pressure rod 3 can smoothly push the soil sample upward out of the mold cylinder 1, which is convenient for the subsequent removal of the soil sample and further analysis and research.

[0043] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see Figure 1As shown, the first driving assembly 4 includes a first driving unit 41 and a first movable plate 42, the pressure rod 3 is relatively fixed to the first movable plate 42, the first movable plate 42 is connected to the driving end of the first driving unit 41, and the first driving unit 41 is used to drive the first movable plate 42 to move, so as to drive the pressure rod 3 to rise and fall through the first movable plate 42; the second driving assembly 6 includes a second driving unit 61 and a second movable plate 62, the mold cylinder 1 is relatively fixed to the second movable plate 62, the second movable plate 62 is connected to the driving end of the second driving unit 61, and the second driving unit 61 is used to drive the second movable plate 62 to move, so as to drive the mold cylinder 1 to rise and fall through the second movable plate 62.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first driving assembly 4 drives the first movable plate 42 through the first driving unit 41, thereby driving the pressure rod 3 to rise and fall; the second driving assembly 6 drives the second movable plate 62 through the second driving unit 61, thereby driving the mold barrel 1 to rise and fall. This method of separately setting independent driving units and movable plates makes the movement control of the pressure rod 3 and the mold barrel 1 more accurate. For example, when simulating the compaction and water release process under different geological conditions, the speed and stroke of the pressure rod 3 and the height and rate of the mold barrel 1 can be accurately adjusted according to specific needs, so as to more accurately simulate various complex actual geological scenes.

[0045] The first drive unit 41 is a core component that provides power, and it can be electric, hydraulic or pneumatic. The first movable plate 42 is a flat plate structure connected to the driving end of the first drive unit 41. For example, if the first drive unit 41 is a hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the first movable plate 42. The pressure rod 3 is relatively fixed to the first movable plate 42, and this fixing method can be through welding, screwing or other reliable mechanical connection methods to ensure that the pressure rod 3 can move synchronously with the first movable plate 42.

[0046] Specifically, when the first drive unit 41 is working, its drive end will be displaced. Taking the hydraulic cylinder as an example, when the hydraulic oil enters different chambers of the cylinder, the piston rod will extend or retract. Since the first movable plate 42 is connected to the drive end of the first drive unit 41, the first movable plate 42 will move with the drive end. And because the pressure rod 3 is relatively fixed to the first movable plate 42, the pressure rod 3 will rise and fall with the movement of the first movable plate 42. For example, when the drive end of the first drive unit 41 pushes the first movable plate 42 upward, the pressure rod 3 will also move upward; conversely, when the drive end pulls the first movable plate 42 downward, the pressure rod 3 will move downward. In this way, the lifting and lowering action of the pressure rod 3 can be effectively controlled, thereby applying pressure to the soil sample in the mold cylinder 1.

[0047] The second driving unit 61 is also a power source, and its type can also be electric, hydraulic or pneumatic. The second movable plate 62 is connected to the driving end of the second driving unit 61, and the mold cylinder 1 is relatively fixed to the second movable plate 62. For example, if the second driving unit 61 is driven by a motor through a gear-rack mechanism, then the gear connected to the output shaft of the motor is meshed with the rack, and the mold cylinder 1 is fixed with the rack, and the mold cylinder 1 can move with the second movable plate 62.

[0048] Specifically, when the second driving unit 61 starts to work, its driving end will move, driving the second movable plate 62 to move. Since the mold barrel 1 and the second movable plate 62 are relatively fixed, the mold barrel 1 will rise and fall with the movement of the second movable plate 62. For example, when the driving end of the second driving unit 61 pushes the second movable plate 62 upward, the mold barrel 1 will move upward; when the driving end pulls the second movable plate 62 downward, the mold barrel 1 will move downward. As a result, the second driving unit 61 can conveniently control the lifting and lowering of the mold barrel 1, so that the position of the mold barrel 1 can be flexibly adjusted during the experiment, such as lowering the mold barrel 1 when placing soil samples.

[0049] In the above embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the pressure-release simulator also includes: a first support plate 7 and a second support plate 8; a first drive unit 41 and a second drive unit 61 are fixed to the side of the first support plate 7 facing away from the second support plate 8, and the drainage component 2 is fixed to the side of the second support plate 8 opposite to the first support plate 7, and a support rod 9 is arranged between the first support plate 7 and the second support plate 8, and a first movable plate 42 and a second movable plate 62 are movably arranged on the support rod 9.

[0050] Here, the first support plate 7 and the second support plate 8 provide a solid basic structure for the entire compaction and water release simulator. The first drive unit 41 and the second drive unit 61 are fixed on the first support plate 7, so that the power device is stably supported. The drainage assembly 2 is fixed on the second support plate 8 and is also in a stable installation position. Furthermore, during the compaction and water release simulation process, the pressure rod 3 applies pressure to the soil sample, and the mold cylinder 1 also generates various forces during the lifting process. Through the first support plate 7 and the second support plate 8, these forces can be effectively dispersed to the support structure of the entire device. For example, when the pressure rod 3 presses down the soil sample, the reaction force is transmitted to the first support plate 7 through the first drive unit 41, instead of being concentrated in a local position, thereby improving the overall stability of the equipment.

[0051] Among them, the first support plate 7 and the second support plate 8 are important supporting structures of the pressure-release water simulator, and the first support plate 7 and the second support plate 8 are arranged parallel to each other. The first drive unit 41 and the second drive unit 61 are installed on the side of the first support plate 7 away from the second support plate 8. This means that the two drive units are on the same side of the device, which is convenient for unified power supply, control line connection and other operations. For example, if the first drive unit 41 and the second drive unit 61 are electrically driven, their power lines and control lines can be centrally led out from this side of the first support plate 7, which is convenient for wiring and management.

[0052] The drainage component 2 is fixed on the side of the second support plate 8 relative to the first support plate 7, so that the drainage component 2 and the first drive unit 41 and the second drive unit 61 are spatially isolated from each other, avoiding the effects of water overflow or dripping during the drainage process on the power unit, such as preventing water from entering the motor, hydraulic system, etc. to cause short circuit or damage. At the same time, the drainage position of the drainage component 2 close to the mold cylinder 1 on the side of the second support plate 8 is conducive to directly collecting the water discharged by the soil sample during the compaction process, reducing the length and complexity of the drainage pipeline.

[0053] Among them, the support rod 9 is located between the first support plate 7 and the second support plate 8, and plays the role of connecting the two support plates, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the entire device. At the same time, the first movable plate 42 and the second movable plate 62 are movably arranged on the support rod 9. In other words, the first movable plate 42 and the second movable plate 62 can slide along the axial direction of the support rod 9. It should be noted that the support rod 9 provides a precise movement guide for the first movable plate 42 and the second movable plate 62. For the first movable plate 42, when the first driving unit 41 drives the first movable plate 42 to move, the support rod 9 ensures that the first movable plate 42 can only move along the axial direction, thereby ensuring that the pressure rod 3 connected to the first movable plate 42 can be lifted vertically. For example, if there is no guidance of the support rod 9, during the driving process of the first driving unit 41, the first movable plate 42 may have unstable movements such as tilting and rotation, resulting in the pressure rod 3 being unable to accurately apply vertical pressure to the soil sample. Similarly, the second movable plate 62 is also the same. The support rod 9 can ensure the accuracy of the movement direction of the second movable plate 62 when driving the mold cylinder 1 to rise and fall, avoid the mold cylinder 1 from deflecting, and is conducive to accurately controlling the position and movement trajectory of the mold cylinder 1 in the simulation experiment. In addition, the support rod 9 also shares the force borne by the first movable plate 42 and the second movable plate 62 during the movement process to a certain extent, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire device.

[0054] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see Figure 1As shown, a wear-resistant guide sleeve 10 is provided at one end of the pressure rod 3 close to the mold cylinder 1 , and when the end of the pressure rod 3 close to the mold cylinder 1 moves into the mold cylinder 1 during operation, the wear-resistant guide sleeve 10 is used to contact the inner wall of the mold cylinder 1 .

[0055] In this embodiment, when the pressure rod 3 frequently enters and exits the mold barrel 1 and moves in the mold barrel 1, the wear-resistant guide sleeve 10 contacts the inner wall of the mold barrel 1 and can withstand most of the friction. Due to its wear-resistant characteristics, it can effectively reduce the direct friction between the pressure rod 3 and the inner wall of the mold barrel 1, and prevent the inner wall of the mold barrel 1 and the pressure rod 3 from being worn and scratched due to long-term friction. It is understandable that if there is no wear-resistant guide sleeve 10, after multiple compaction experiments, scratches may appear on the surface of the pressure rod 3, and the inner wall of the mold barrel 1 may also be worn thin, which will not only affect the accuracy of the equipment, but also shorten the service life of the equipment.

[0056] Among them, the wear-resistant guide sleeve 10 can be made of high-strength alloy steel, surface hardened or made of wear-resistant engineering plastics, so that it can withstand the friction between the pressure rod 3 and the inner wall of the mold cylinder 1, reduce wear and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0057] Specifically, when the compaction and water release simulator starts to work, the first driving assembly 4 drives the pressure rod 3 to move toward the mold barrel 1. When the end of the pressure rod 3 close to the mold barrel 1 enters the mold barrel 1, the wear-resistant guide sleeve 10 will first contact the inner wall of the mold barrel 1. At this time, the wear-resistant guide sleeve 10 acts as a "buffer" and "guide" to ensure that the pressure rod 3 can smoothly enter the mold barrel 1.

[0058] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see Figure 1 As shown, a sealing ring 11 is also provided at one end of the pressure rod 3 close to the mold cylinder 1. When the pressure rod 3 moves into the mold cylinder 1 at one end close to the mold cylinder 1 during operation, the sealing ring 11 is used to fit with the inner wall of the mold cylinder 1 to seal the mold cylinder 1, and a vacuum exhaust hole 12 is provided on the mold cylinder 1, which is used to connect to an external vacuum device.

[0059] In this embodiment, after the sealing ring 11 is fitted with the inner wall of the mold tube 1 to achieve sealing, the external vacuum equipment is connected through the vacuum exhaust hole 12, and the interior of the mold tube 1 can be evacuated into a vacuum state. Conducting a soil compaction and water release simulation experiment under such a vacuum environment can more accurately study the changes in the physical properties of the soil under specific pressure conditions. For example, in a vacuum environment, the gas in the pores of the soil is extracted, so that the movement of pore water and the compaction process of the soil are mainly affected by the external pressure and the characteristics of the soil itself, reducing the interference of gas factors on the experimental results, which helps to more accurately analyze the changes in the pore structure of the soil and the law of water discharge.

[0060] The sealing ring 11 may be an O-ring, which may be made of elastic material, such as rubber. When the pressure rod 3 enters the mold barrel 1, the sealing ring 11 will be elastically deformed under the pressure of the pressure rod 3, so as to fit tightly on the inner wall of the mold barrel 1. Thus, the fit forms a sealing interface, effectively preventing the exchange of gas and liquid between the inside of the mold barrel 1 and the external environment, and ensuring that the sealing inside the mold barrel 1 is maintained under various pressure conditions.

[0061] When the second driving assembly 6 is connected to the mold cylinder 1 via a connecting flange, the vacuum exhaust hole 12 can be provided on the connecting flange and connected to an external vacuum device via a pipeline or other connecting devices.

[0062] Specifically, when the external vacuum device is started, the external vacuum device will extract the air inside the mold cylinder 1 through the vacuum exhaust hole 12. As the air is gradually extracted, the air pressure inside the mold cylinder 1 will gradually decrease, and finally reach the required vacuum state. In this process, the sealing effect of the sealing ring 11 is very important. If there is no good seal, air will continue to enter the mold cylinder 1, and the vacuum device will not be able to effectively reduce the air pressure inside the mold cylinder 1. This vacuum environment can simulate some special geological conditions. For example, deep underground, the soil is in a low pressure or even close to vacuum environment. By creating a similar environment in the simulator, the physical property changes of the soil under such conditions can be studied more realistically. In addition, when conducting a compression and water release simulation experiment, the sealed mold cylinder 1 can prevent external factors from interfering with the experiment. For example, when studying the compaction and moisture discharge characteristics of the soil, if the mold cylinder 1 is not sealed, external air may enter the mold cylinder 1, affecting the effective pressure on the soil, and may cause the water in the soil to evaporate or a complex water vapor exchange with the outside air. By sealing with the sealing ring 11 and evacuating the air, the environment inside the mold cylinder 1 can be precisely controlled, and only the influence of the pressure applied by the pressure rod 3 and the characteristics of the soil itself on the experimental results is considered, thereby optimizing the experimental conditions.

[0063] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see Figure 1 As shown, the drainage component 2 includes: a conical drainage outlet 21, the conical drainage outlet 21 includes a first end and a second end, the opening area of ​​the first end is larger than the opening area of ​​the second end, and a gasket is provided at the first end. When the mold cylinder 1 is connected to the conical drainage outlet 21, the gasket is used to fit the inner wall of the mold cylinder 1; a porous partition plate 22, the porous partition plate 22 is arranged in the conical drainage outlet 21, and the porous partition plate 22 has a plurality of water filtering holes.

[0064] Among them, the conical drain port 21 is similar to a funnel, and the opening area of ​​the first end is larger than the opening area of ​​the second end, which can collect and guide water more effectively. In the compaction and water release simulation experiment, when the water in the soil sample is squeezed out, the water will flow in all directions. The first end with a larger opening can cover a larger area, making it easier for water discharged from different positions of the soil sample to enter the drain port. Then, as the opening gradually becomes smaller, the water will accelerate to the second end under the action of gravity and pressure, just like the water will accelerate when passing through a funnel, thereby achieving efficient drainage.

[0065] Among them, the gasket is located at the first end of the conical drain outlet 21. When the mold barrel 1 is connected to the conical drain outlet 21, the function of the gasket is to fit tightly with the inner wall of the mold barrel 1. The gasket is usually made of elastic material, such as rubber. This elastic material can deform to a certain extent during connection and fill the tiny gap between the inner wall of the mold barrel 1 and the first end of the conical drain outlet 21. Through this tight fit, a sealed connection is formed to prevent water from leaking out from the connection between the mold barrel 1 and the drain outlet during the drainage process. It can be understood that the provision of a gasket is very important for accurately collecting the moisture discharged from the soil, because if there is leakage, the actual drainage volume cannot be accurately measured, which will affect the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0066] Among them, the porous partition 22 is arranged inside the conical drain outlet 21 and has a plurality of water filter holes. The size and distribution of the water filter holes can be designed according to actual needs, and the present invention does not limit this. The main function of the water filter hole is to allow water to pass through while blocking solid particles in the soil. In the process of soil compaction and water release, as water is discharged from the soil sample, some fine soil particles may be entrained. If these soil particles enter the drainage pipe, they may accumulate in the pipe, causing the pipe to be blocked and affecting the drainage effect. The existence of the porous partition 22 is like a filter. When water containing soil particles passes through the porous partition 22, the water can continue to flow downward through the water filter holes, while the soil particles are blocked above the partition. This can effectively protect the drainage pipe and ensure the long-term stable operation of the drainage system. It also helps to keep the drainage water quality relatively clean, which is convenient for the subsequent analysis of the properties of the discharged water.

[0067] In some possible embodiments disclosed in the present application, a safety grating is provided on the outside of the compaction and water release simulator, and the safety grating is connected to the control component 5 .

[0068] In this embodiment, the safety grating is installed outside the compaction and water release simulator to form a protective light curtain. When the hands, body parts, etc. of the experimenter accidentally extend into the working area of ​​the simulator, the safety grating will detect the obstruction of the object and send a signal to the control component 5 in time. For example, during the operation of the equipment, the pressure rod 3 or the mold cylinder 1 may be in motion, which may easily pinch or hurt the operator. The safety grating is like an invisible protective wall, which effectively avoids the occurrence of such dangerous situations.

[0069] Among them, the safety grating can surround the working area of ​​the compaction and water release simulator to form a monitoring area for detecting whether there are objects entering this dangerous area.

[0070] Among them, the safety light grid includes a light emitter and a light receiver. The light emitter emits a light beam and the light receiver receives the light beam. When the light beam is blocked, a signal change will occur.

[0071] Specifically, the safety grating is connected to the control component 5 via a cable or other communication method. When the safety grating detects that the light beam is blocked, it will immediately transmit the signal to the control component 5. This signal can be an electrical signal or a digital signal, and its content includes information such as the location where the blockage occurs and the degree of the blockage. After receiving the signal from the safety grating, the control component 5 will process it according to a pre-set program. For example, the control component 5 may immediately stop the first drive component 4 and the second drive component 6 running in the compression and water release simulator to prevent the movement of the pressure rod 3 and the mold cylinder 1 from causing harm to objects or personnel entering the dangerous area. At the same time, the control component 5 may also trigger the alarm device to send out an audible and visual alarm signal to remind people around to pay attention to safety. In this way, the safety of the equipment during operation can be guaranteed.

[0072] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0073] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A compaction water release simulator, characterized in that: include: A mold cylinder (1), the mold cylinder (1) being used to accommodate a soil sample, a drainage assembly (2) being provided on one side of the mold cylinder (1) in the axial direction, and a pressure rod (3) being provided on the other side of the mold cylinder (1) in the axial direction; A first driving assembly (4), the first driving assembly (4) being connected to the pressure rod (3), and the first driving assembly (4) being used to drive the pressure rod (3) to move up and down; A control component (5), the control component (5) comprising a pressure sensor (51) and an analysis module (52), the pressure sensor (51) being connected to the first drive component (4), the pressure sensor (51) being used to monitor the pressure value of the first drive component (4) acting on the soil sample through the pressure rod (3), the analysis module (52) being connected to the pressure sensor (51) and the first drive component (4) respectively, the analysis module (52) being used to obtain the pressure value and compare it with a preset setting interval, and control the movement of the first drive component (4) based on the comparison result.

2. The compaction water release simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the analysis module (52) obtains that the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor (51) is equal to the upper limit value of the preset setting interval, the analysis module (52) controls the first driving component (4) to stop running; When the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor (51) and acquired by the analysis module (52) is equal to the lower limit value of the preset setting interval, the analysis module (52) controls the first drive component (4) to perform a pressurization operation according to a preset gradient loading scheme, and continues to pressurize until the pressure value is equal to the upper limit value of the preset setting interval again.

3. The compaction water release simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component (5) further comprises: A position sensor (53), the analysis module (52) is also connected to the position sensor (53), the position sensor (53) is used to monitor the position information of the pressure rod (3), and during the operation of the compaction and water release simulator, the analysis module (52) obtains the position information to determine whether the pressure rod (3) has reached a preset stop position or a deceleration position.

4. The compaction water release simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A second driving assembly (6), the second driving assembly (6) is connected to the mold cylinder (1), and the second driving assembly (6) is used to drive the mold cylinder (1) to rise and fall.

5. The compacted water release simulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first driving assembly (4) comprises a first driving unit (41) and a first movable plate (42); the pressure rod (3) and the first movable plate (42) are relatively fixed; the first movable plate (42) is connected to a driving end of the first driving unit (41); the first driving unit (41) is used to drive the first movable plate (42) to move, so as to drive the pressure rod (3) to rise and fall through the first movable plate (42); The second driving assembly (6) comprises a second driving unit (61) and a second movable plate (62); the mold barrel (1) and the second movable plate (62) are relatively fixed; the second movable plate (62) is connected to a driving end of the second driving unit (61); the second driving unit (61) is used to drive the second movable plate (62) to move, so as to drive the mold barrel (1) to rise and fall via the second movable plate (62).

6. The compacted water release simulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A first support plate (7) and a second support plate (8); The first drive unit (41) and the second drive unit (61) are fixed to a side of the first support plate (7) facing away from the second support plate (8); the drainage assembly (2) is fixed to a side of the second support plate (8) opposite to the first support plate (7); a support rod (9) is provided between the first support plate (7) and the second support plate (8); and the first movable plate (42) and the second movable plate (62) are movably provided on the support rod (9).

7. The compacted water release simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant guide sleeve (10) is provided at one end of the pressure rod (3) close to the mold barrel (1); when the end of the pressure rod (3) close to the mold barrel (1) moves into the mold barrel (1) during operation, the wear-resistant guide sleeve (10) is used to contact the inner wall of the mold barrel (1).

8. The compacted water release simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (11) is also provided at one end of the pressure rod (3) close to the mold barrel (1). When the end of the pressure rod (3) close to the mold barrel (1) moves into the mold barrel (1) during operation, the sealing ring (11) is used to fit with the inner wall of the mold barrel (1) to seal the mold barrel (1). A vacuum exhaust hole (12) is provided on the mold barrel (1), and the vacuum exhaust hole (12) is used to connect to an external vacuum device.

9. The compacted water release simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage component (2) comprises: A conical drain outlet (21), the conical drain outlet (21) comprising a first end and a second end, the opening area of ​​the first end being larger than the opening area of ​​the second end, the first end being provided with a gasket, and when the mold barrel (1) is connected to the conical drain outlet (21), the gasket is used to fit the inner wall of the mold barrel (1); A porous partition (22), wherein the porous partition (22) is arranged in the conical drain outlet (21), and the porous partition (22) has a plurality of water filtering holes.

10. The compacted water release simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety grating is arranged outside the compaction and water release simulator, and the safety grating is connected to the control component (5).

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