Device and method for detecting arc fault of battery module

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of battery energy storage, and discloses a device and a method for detecting an arc fault of a battery module. The device for detecting the arc fault of the battery module comprises an arc sound detection module, an arc light detection module, a current detection module and a central monitoring module, the central monitoring module is used for collecting and processing signals from the electric arc sound detection module, the electric arc light detection module and the current detection module, judging the signals based on a predicted logic relation and performing abnormity warning; when the current detection module and the arc light detection module simultaneously send out alarm signals, it is judged that a fault arc occurs, and meanwhile, the arc sound detection module carries out fault positioning; and when only the arc sound detection module sends out the alarm signal, and the arc light detection module and the current detection module do not send out the alarm signal, noise interference is judged, and the battery module operates normally. According to the invention, the operation safety and reliability of the battery module can be obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery energy storage, and in particular relates to a device and method for detecting arc faults in battery modules. Background Art

[0002] In modern society, battery modules play a vital role as energy storage devices in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, portable electronic devices and other fields.

[0003] During the high-power charging and discharging process of the battery module, arcing may occur due to connection problems between battery cells in the battery module or other internal faults. The arcing phenomenon will not only cause the performance of the battery module to deteriorate, but more seriously may cause safety accidents such as fire, threatening personal and property safety. In order to improve the safety and reliability of battery module operation, early detection and positioning of arc faults have become an urgent problem to be solved. Example explanatory, arc faults will generate high temperatures and sparks in the battery module, which can easily cause fires, especially in battery modules containing flammable electrolytes (such as electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries); arc faults may cause abnormal voltage and current inside the battery module, increasing the risk of electric shock; arc faults will affect the normal charging and discharging process of the battery module, resulting in a decline in battery performance, such as reduced capacity and shortened cycle life.

[0004] At present, the existing traditional arc detection methods, such as those based on current waveform analysis and temperature monitoring, can reflect the existence of arc faults to a certain extent, but there are still some problems to be solved in practical applications, including: 1) Insufficient response: Traditional methods often rely on significant current changes or temperature changes caused by arc faults to trigger alarms, but these changes may not be obvious in the early stages of the arc, resulting in delayed detection; 2) Inaccurate positioning: In a battery module, multiple battery cells are closely arranged, and the specific location of the arc fault is difficult to accurately determine using traditional methods; 3) Susceptible to interference: The internal space of the battery module is small, and there are a lot of electromagnetic interference and noise signals, which can easily mask the real signal of the arc fault; in addition, the working environment of the battery module may be very harsh, including high temperature, high humidity, vibration, etc. These factors will affect the performance of traditional detection methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for arc fault detection of battery modules to solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems. The technical solution provided by the present invention can solve the technical problems of insensitive arc fault detection and inaccurate positioning in the prior art, and can significantly improve the safety and reliability of battery module operation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for detecting arc faults in a battery module, comprising: An arc sound detection module, used to detect arc sound wave signals at preset positions of the battery module; wherein the preset positions are three positions whose position information is known; Arc light detection module, used to detect the light signal generated by arc discharge of battery module; Current detection module, used to monitor the change of main circuit current of battery module; A central monitoring module is used to collect and process signals from the arc sound detection module, the arc light detection module and the current detection module, and judge the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issue an abnormal warning; wherein, in the step of judging the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issuing an abnormal warning, if the current detection module and the arc light detection module send out an alarm signal at the same time, it is judged that an arc fault has occurred and an abnormal alarm is issued; when an arc fault occurs, the arc sound detection module detects the arc sound wave signal at a preset position of the battery module, and determines the arc fault position by the time difference when the arc sound wave signal reaches each preset position; if only the arc sound detection module sends out an alarm signal, and neither the arc light detection module nor the current detection module sends out an alarm signal, it is judged to be noise interference, and the battery module is operating normally.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that the preset position includes two battery tabs of the battery module and a selected position at the bottom edge of the battery.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the arc sound detection module uses a microphone to detect arc sound wave signals, and a silicone layer is provided on the outside of the microphone.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the arc light detection module uses a plurality of arc light sensors to perform light signal detection.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the copper busbar in the battery module is an arched copper busbar, and a plurality of arc sensors are arranged under the arched copper busbar.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the current detection module uses a Hall effect current sensor to detect the main circuit current.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that, in the central monitoring module, the specific steps of the current detection module sending out an alarm signal include: In the selected period, the main circuit current is sampled to obtain a series of current values; Based on the obtained series of current values, the current difference between two adjacent sampling points is calculated to obtain a series of current difference values, and the maximum value or minimum value of the current difference is obtained therefrom; The maximum or minimum value of the obtained current difference is compared with the preset threshold. If the maximum or minimum value of the current difference exceeds the threshold, it is considered that the current detection module monitors that the main circuit current change of the battery module exceeds the preset threshold, and the current detection module sends an alarm signal.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that, in the central monitoring module, when an arc fault occurs, the arc sound detection module detects an arc sound wave signal at a preset position of the battery module, and the specific steps of determining the arc fault position by the time difference when the arc sound wave signal reaches each preset position include: When an arc fault occurs, three locations with known position information receive arc sound wave signals simultaneously; Each location with known position information records a timestamp when receiving an arc sound wave signal; compare the three timestamps, calculate the time difference between any two locations with known position information receiving the arc sound wave signal, and obtain three time differences; Based on the three time differences obtained, three hyperbolic surface equations are constructed; wherein each time difference corresponds to a hyperbolic surface, and a hyperbolic surface equation is established with two positions with known position information as the focus and the propagation speed of the arc sound wave signal as a constant; Solve the intersection of the three constructed hyperbolic equations to obtain one or more solutions, and filter the obtained solutions to obtain the arc fault location.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that, in the central monitoring module, when an abnormal alarm is issued, the alarm information is sent out through sound and light signals; or, the abnormal alarm information is output through communication with a host computer.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting arc faults in a battery module, comprising the following steps: Detecting arc sound wave signals at preset positions of the battery module through an arc sound detection module; wherein the preset positions are three positions whose position information is known; Detect the light signal generated by arc discharge of the battery module through the arc light detection module; Monitor the trunk current changes of the battery module through the current detection module; The signals from the arc sound detection module, the arc light detection module and the current detection module are collected and processed by the central monitoring module, and the signals are judged based on the expected logical relationship and an abnormal warning is issued; wherein, in the step of judging the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issuing an abnormal warning, if the current detection module and the arc light detection module send out an alarm signal at the same time, it is judged that an arc fault has occurred and an abnormal alarm is issued; when an arc fault occurs, the arc sound detection module detects the arc sound wave signal at the preset position of the battery module, and determines the arc fault position by the time difference when the arc sound wave signal reaches each preset position; if only the arc sound detection module sends out an alarm signal, and neither the arc light detection module nor the current detection module sends out an alarm signal, it is judged to be noise interference and the battery module is operating normally.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The device for arc fault detection of battery modules disclosed in the present invention combines an arc sound detection module, an arc light detection module, a current detection module and a central monitoring module to form a comprehensive arc fault detection system. This multi-module fusion method improves the accuracy and reliability of detection, can solve the technical problems of arc fault detection insensitivity and inaccurate positioning in the prior art, and can significantly improve the safety and reliability of battery module operation. Specifically, the present invention can more accurately identify arc faults in battery modules by combining multiple detection means (arc sound, arc light, current change), reducing the probability of false alarms and missed alarms; the multi-module fusion design method enables the system to have stronger redundancy and fault tolerance. Even if a module fails, other modules can still continue to work to ensure the overall reliability of the system; high-precision positioning technology enables the fault point to be found quickly, which provides great convenience for subsequent maintenance and replacement, and also reduces the additional losses and time costs caused by inaccurate fault positioning. The device of the present invention can detect and alarm at the early stage of arc faults, which helps to cut off the power supply or take other safety measures in time, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents such as electrical fires. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below; obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for detecting arc faults in a battery module in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2is a schematic diagram of a battery module in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic side view of a battery module shown in the embodiment; Figure 4 is a flow chart of a method for detecting arc faults in a battery module in an embodiment of the present invention; The explanation of the reference numerals in the figures is as follows: 1. Battery cell; 2. Copper busbar; 3. Negative terminal; 4. Positive terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments and technical solutions are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0020] All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on the technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0021] See also Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for detecting arc faults in a battery module, which can be used to detect series arc faults in a battery module, including: The arc sound detection module is used to detect the arc sound wave signal at the preset position of the battery module; wherein the preset position includes the two battery tabs of the battery module and the selected position at the bottom edge of the battery; in the specific exemplary technical solution, a microphone with good coupling with the air can be selected as an acoustic sensor for detecting arc sound to avoid noise interference in the battery; in a further preferred technical solution, a 3mm~5mm thick silicone layer can be wrapped around the acoustic sensor, and three acoustic sensors with known positions are arranged at the two battery tabs and the bottom edge of the battery. Explanatory principle: the acoustic signal emitted by the arc is received by the three acoustic sensors, and the arc position is determined by the time difference of the arrival of the acoustic signal.

[0022] An arc light detection module is used to detect the light signal generated when the battery module is arc-discharged; wherein, the arc light detection module includes a plurality of arc light sensors, which are installed in the battery module, especially near the connection copper busbar; in the preferred technical solution, the battery module adopts an arched copper busbar, and by leaving enough space around the connection copper busbar, the optical detection part of the sensor can directly observe the connection point in the battery module.

[0023] The current detection module is used to monitor the change of the main circuit current of the battery module; wherein the Hall effect current sensor can be installed on the current conductor at the output end to assist in judging the occurrence of arc discharge by detecting the sharp fluctuation of the current; further explaining, when an arc fault occurs, the instantaneous value change rate of the current can be used to quickly detect the series fault arc, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the current difference between two adjacent sampling points in the cycle can be taken to represent the rate of current change. If the value exceeds the threshold, it is considered that an arc fault has occurred in the line; A central monitoring module is used to collect and process signals from the arc sound detection module, the arc light detection module and the current detection module, and judge the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issue an abnormal warning; wherein, in the step of judging the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issuing an abnormal warning, when the current detection module and the arc light detection module simultaneously send out an alarm signal, it is judged that an arc fault has occurred and an abnormal alarm is issued; when an arc fault occurs, the arc sound detection module detects the arc sound wave signal at a preset position of the battery module, determines the arc fault position by the time difference when the arc sound wave signal reaches each preset position, and completes the fault location; when only the arc sound detection module sends out an alarm signal, and neither the arc light detection module nor the current detection module sends out an alarm signal, it is judged to be noise interference and the system operates normally.

[0024] The device for arc fault detection of battery modules provided by the embodiment of the present invention combines an arc sound detection module, an arc light detection module, a current detection module and a central monitoring module to form a comprehensive arc fault detection system. This multi-module fusion method improves the accuracy and reliability of detection. In the present invention, by arranging an acoustic sensor at a preset position of the battery module, the arc position is determined by using the time difference of the arrival of the acoustic signal, and high-precision fault location is achieved. This technology not only helps to quickly find the fault point, but also provides convenience for subsequent maintenance and replacement. In the present invention, the current detection module can monitor the change of the main circuit current of the battery module, and assist in judging the occurrence of arc discharge by detecting the sharp fluctuation of the current. This rapid response mechanism enables the system to detect and alarm at the early stage of the arc fault, effectively reducing the loss caused by the fault. In the present invention, the central monitoring module is responsible for collecting and processing signals from each detection module, judging the signal based on the expected logical relationship and issuing an abnormal warning. This intelligent monitoring and processing method improves the automation and operation efficiency of the system.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific explanation of determining the arc position by the time difference of arrival of the acoustic signal emitted by the arc received by three acoustic sensors is as follows: Three acoustic sensors (such as microphones) with known positions are arranged on the two battery tabs and the bottom edge of the battery. The positions of these sensors need to be accurately measured and recorded in advance. When an arc occurs, an acoustic signal will be emitted, and the three acoustic sensors will receive this acoustic signal at the same time.

[0026] When each acoustic sensor receives an acoustic signal, it records a timestamp, which represents the time when the acoustic signal reaches the sensor. Furthermore, by comparing the timestamps of the three sensors, the time difference between any two sensors receiving the acoustic signal can be calculated.

[0027] In three-dimensional space, each time difference corresponds to a hyperbolic surface. With the two sensors as the focus and the acoustic signal propagation speed as a constant, a hyperbolic surface equation can be established; similarly, two other hyperbolic surface equations can be established.

[0028] Solving the intersection of the three hyperbolic equations obtained above can obtain one or more solutions, which represent the possible locations of the sound source (i.e., the arc). Explanatory, in practical applications, it may be necessary to screen the solutions according to actual conditions (such as the size and shape of the battery module) to determine the most likely arc location.

[0029] In the preferred technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, a 3mm~5mm thick silicone layer is wrapped around the acoustic sensor, which mainly has the following functions, including: waterproof and moisture-proof, protecting the sensor from external water or moisture erosion, and improving the reliability and service life of the sensor; isolating gas: avoiding the influence of external gas on the sensor and improving the measurement accuracy of the sensor; shock and vibration reduction: protecting the sensor from external physical impact and reducing noise interference caused by vibration; improving the signal-to-noise ratio: by isolating external noise and vibration interference, the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic signal received by the sensor is improved, thereby improving the accuracy of positioning.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the current difference between two adjacent sampling points within a cycle are taken to represent the rate of current change. If the value exceeds a threshold, it is considered that an arc fault has occurred in the line. The specific explanation is as follows: In a specific period, the current is sampled to obtain a series of current values; Calculate the current difference between two adjacent sampling points to obtain a series of current difference values; find the maximum and minimum values ​​from these current difference values, which represent the maximum rate and minimum rate of change of the current in the cycle respectively; The maximum and minimum values ​​are compared with preset thresholds. If the maximum or minimum value exceeds the threshold, it is considered that an arc fault may have occurred in the line.

[0031] Explanatory, arc faults occur when the gas ionization discharge phenomenon is caused by the damage of insulation materials in the line, loose electrical connections, or a sharp increase in voltage and current. Arc faults are usually accompanied by rapid fluctuations in current, which will increase the rate of change of current. Therefore, arc faults can be effectively identified by detecting the rate of change of current.

[0032] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The battery module includes a battery cell 1, a copper busbar 2, a negative terminal 3 and a positive terminal 4; wherein, a plurality of battery cells are connected in series through the copper busbar to form a complete battery module, and the copper busbar is used to connect a plurality of battery cells and ensure that electric energy can be transmitted between the battery cells; the copper busbar adopts an arched copper busbar, and the copper busbar is designed as an arched structure, which is helpful to arrange an arc sensor thereunder to detect arc discharge in the battery module in real time.

[0033] Specifically, the battery module design needs to ensure that the optical detection part of the arc sensor is not blocked by other parts of the battery module, and minimize the impact of electromagnetic interference on the arc sensor signal. The connecting copper bar of the battery module in the embodiment of the present invention adopts an arched design structure, and the arc sensor can be arranged under the arched copper bar to detect the arc discharge in the battery module in real time. Through the above-mentioned design improvements and structural layout, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can realize real-time monitoring and rapid response to arc discharge in the battery module, significantly improve the safety and fault detection capabilities of the battery module, and avoid potential safety hazards.

[0034] See also Figure 4 , a method for detecting arc faults in a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps: The arc sound detection module is used to detect the sound wave signal generated during arc discharge; wherein a microphone having good coupling with air is selected as an acoustic sensor for detecting the arc sound wave signal; The light signal generated during arc discharge is detected by an arc light detection module; wherein the arc light detection module includes a plurality of arc light sensors, which are installed in the battery module, especially near the position of the connecting copper busbar; The change of the main circuit current of the battery module is monitored by the current detection module; the Hall effect current sensor can be installed on the current conductor at the output end to assist in judging the occurrence of arc discharge by detecting the sharp fluctuation of the current; when a fault arc occurs, the instantaneous value change rate of the current is used to quickly detect the series fault arc; The central monitoring module may include a data processing module, a data storage module, a fault monitoring module, and a real-time alarm and feedback module. The central monitoring module collects and processes signals from the arc sound detection module, the arc light detection module, and the current detection module, and performs logical relationship judgment on the three signals to issue abnormal warnings; specifically, when the current detection module and the arc light detection module send out alarm signals at the same time, it is judged that a fault arc has occurred, and the arc sound detection module locates the fault and reports to the staff through the host computer communication; when only the arc sound detection module sends out an alarm signal, and neither the arc light detection module nor the current detection module sends out an alarm signal, it is judged to be noise interference and the system is operating normally; when the arc sound detection module, the arc light detection module, and the current detection module do not send out an alarm signal, it is judged that no abnormal situation has occurred; the other combinations that generate alarms are judged to be abnormal situations, and are reported to the staff through the host computer communication for subsequent inspection and maintenance.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a battery module series arc monitoring solution based on arc sound, arc light, and current signals, aiming to improve the safety and reliability of battery module operation. The system includes an arc sound detection module, an arc light detection module, a current detection module, and a central monitoring module. The acoustic sensor accurately measures the acoustic wave signal generated by the battery series arc in a complex noise environment, and locates the fault by the intensity and direction of the acoustic wave signal; the arc light sensor is installed in the battery module, close to the bottom of the copper busbar connection, to detect the arc discharge in the battery module in real time; the Hall effect current sensor detects the change of the main circuit current, and the fault arc is quickly detected by the current change rate method; the central monitoring module collects and processes the signals from each detection module, performs logical relationship judgment, issues abnormal warnings, and locates the fault. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has a relatively reliable fault detection capability by optimizing the connection structure and sensor layout, which can significantly improve the safety and reliability of battery module operation.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting arc faults in battery modules, characterized in that: include: An arc sound detection module, used to detect arc sound wave signals at preset positions of the battery module; wherein the preset positions are three positions whose position information is known; Arc light detection module, used to detect the light signal generated by arc discharge of battery module; Current detection module, used to monitor the change of main circuit current of battery module; A central monitoring module is used to collect and process signals from the arc sound detection module, the arc light detection module and the current detection module, and judge the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issue an abnormal warning; wherein, in the step of judging the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issuing an abnormal warning, if the current detection module and the arc light detection module send out an alarm signal at the same time, it is judged that an arc fault has occurred and an abnormal alarm is issued; when an arc fault occurs, the arc sound detection module detects the arc sound wave signal at a preset position of the battery module, and determines the arc fault position by the time difference when the arc sound wave signal reaches each preset position; if only the arc sound detection module sends out an alarm signal, and neither the arc light detection module nor the current detection module sends out an alarm signal, it is judged to be noise interference, and the battery module is operating normally.

2. A device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset positions include two battery tabs of the battery module and a selected position at the bottom edge of the battery.

3. The device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc sound detection module uses a microphone to detect arc sound wave signals, and a silicone layer is arranged on the outside of the microphone.

4. The device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc light detection module uses a plurality of arc light sensors to perform light signal detection.

5. The device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The copper bar in the battery module is an arched copper bar, and a plurality of arc sensors are arranged under the arched copper bar.

6. The device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current detection module uses a Hall effect current sensor to detect the main circuit current.

7. The device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the central monitoring module, the specific steps of the current detection module sending out an alarm signal include: In the selected period, the main circuit current is sampled to obtain a series of current values; Based on the obtained series of current values, the current difference between two adjacent sampling points is calculated to obtain a series of current difference values, and the maximum value or minimum value of the current difference is obtained therefrom; The maximum or minimum value of the current difference obtained is compared with the preset threshold. If the maximum or minimum value of the current difference exceeds the threshold, it is considered that the current detection module monitors that the main circuit current change of the battery module exceeds the preset threshold, and the current detection module sends an alarm signal.

8. The device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the central monitoring module, when an arc fault occurs, the arc sound detection module detects the arc sound wave signal at the preset position of the battery module, and the specific steps of determining the arc fault position by the time difference when the arc sound wave signal reaches each preset position include: When an arc fault occurs, three locations with known position information receive arc sound wave signals simultaneously; Each location with known position information records a timestamp when receiving an arc sound wave signal; compare the three timestamps, calculate the time difference between any two locations with known position information receiving the arc sound wave signal, and obtain three time differences; Based on the three time differences obtained, three hyperbolic surface equations are constructed; wherein each time difference corresponds to a hyperbolic surface, and a hyperbolic surface equation is established with two positions with known position information as the focus and the propagation speed of the arc sound wave signal as a constant; Solve the intersection of the three constructed hyperbolic equations to obtain one or more solutions, and filter the obtained solutions to obtain the arc fault location.

9. The device for detecting arc faults in battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the central monitoring module, when an abnormal alarm is issued, the alarm information is sent out through sound and light signals; or the abnormal alarm information is output through communication with the host computer.

10. A method for detecting arc faults in a battery module, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Detecting arc sound wave signals at preset positions of the battery module through an arc sound detection module; wherein the preset positions are three positions whose position information is known; Detect the light signal generated by arc discharge of the battery module through the arc light detection module; Monitor the trunk current changes of the battery module through the current detection module; The signals from the arc sound detection module, the arc light detection module and the current detection module are collected and processed by the central monitoring module, and the signals are judged based on the expected logical relationship and an abnormal warning is issued; wherein, in the step of judging the signals based on the expected logical relationship and issuing an abnormal warning, if the current detection module and the arc light detection module send out an alarm signal at the same time, it is judged that an arc fault has occurred and an abnormal alarm is issued; when an arc fault occurs, the arc sound detection module detects the arc sound wave signal at the preset position of the battery module, and determines the arc fault position by the time difference when the arc sound wave signal reaches each preset position; if only the arc sound detection module sends out an alarm signal, and neither the arc light detection module nor the current detection module sends out an alarm signal, it is judged to be noise interference and the battery module is operating normally.

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