Light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control

Abstract

The invention discloses a light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control, and relates to the field of three-dimensional display. The system is provided with a diaphragm array layer which can limit the light emitting angle of a light source layer; the square lens array layer is arranged, light emitted by the light source layer can be converted into collimated light, and the directivity of the light is guaranteed; the orthogonal prism sheet layer is arranged, so that light rays are homogenized in two dimensions, and brightness balance of all parts of a final display area is ensured; pixel light rays are projected to different positions in a space through the light control grating layer, so that left and right eyes can see different image information respectively to form stereoscopic vision; the unidirectional diffusion layer is arranged above the light control grating layer, light rays are diffused in a unidirectional manner, and the same three-dimensional effect is generated at different positions in the vertical direction; and reverse compensation is carried out through a diffusion error compensation algorithm, so that observers at different positions can obtain consistent visual experience, and finally, a three-dimensional light field display effect with uniform brightness and low crosstalk is presented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of three-dimensional display, and in particular to a light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control. Background Art

[0002] Display devices enable humans to receive and process information more intuitively by converting various forms of information into visual images. In recent years, with the rapid development of virtual reality, augmented reality and three-dimensional imaging technology, three-dimensional display devices have received extensive attention and research because they can provide a more realistic visual experience. Unlike traditional two-dimensional displays, three-dimensional displays provide multi-perspective image information in different directions, allowing observers to visually feel depth and stereoscopic sense, greatly enhancing immersion and interactivity.

[0003] Naked-eye 3D display technology, which is a display technology that allows viewing stereoscopic images without wearing special glasses, has made significant progress in recent years in many fields such as entertainment, education, and medical care. Compared with traditional 3D display technology, naked-eye 3D display technology has a higher user experience and wider application prospects. However, there are still many pain points in the current naked-eye 3D display technology on the market, which limits its popularity and effectiveness in practical applications.

[0004] Naked-eye 3D display usually consists of a backlight system, a liquid crystal display, and a beam control device. The liquid crystal display itself does not have the property of emitting light, and needs to rely on a backlight source for illumination. The performance of the backlight source directly affects the display effect of the entire system, especially its collimation and uniformity. A highly collimated backlight source can provide higher on-axis brightness, thereby significantly improving the user's viewing experience. At the same time, collimated light helps prevent light from escaping to non-observation areas, improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces corresponding energy consumption.

[0005] However, the existing backlight system has many shortcomings, which seriously affect the performance and user experience of the naked-eye 3D display system. First, in order to meet the high requirements of subsequent 3D display devices, many backlight systems need to be specially made, which not only increases the difficulty of processing, but also greatly increases the manufacturing cost. Secondly, the existing backlight system is large in size, which is not conducive to the thin design of 3D display, which is an obvious disadvantage for application scenarios that pursue portability and space utilization. In addition, the existing backlight system performs poorly in terms of light directivity and uniformity, resulting in low quality of 3D images, serious crosstalk between viewpoints, and a greatly reduced viewing experience.

[0006] In this context, the development of a backlight source that can achieve high collimation and high uniformity while maintaining a thin design is of great significance for the promotion and application of flat-panel naked-eye 3D display systems. This new backlight source can not only significantly improve the brightness and uniformity of the system and reduce crosstalk between viewpoints, but also optimize the overall energy efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs. Through precise control of the light field, the new backlight source can provide consistent and high-quality images in different directions, enhancing the user's sense of immersion and viewing experience. In addition, this technology has a wide range of applicability and can be applied to multiple fields such as virtual reality, augmented reality, medical imaging, education and entertainment, and has a very broad prospect. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control, which solves the problems of low image quality and serious crosstalk between viewpoints in the existing naked-eye 3D display.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Provided is a light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control, comprising a host computer, and a light source layer, an aperture array layer, a square lens array layer, an orthogonal prism layer, a liquid crystal screen layer, a light control grating layer, and a unidirectional diffusion layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; A light source layer, used to provide a backlight source for the light field display system; The aperture array layer is used to limit the light output angle of the light source layer; A square lens array layer, comprising a plurality of square lenses, for converting the light emitted by the light source layer into collimated light; Orthogonal prism sheet layer, used to homogenize the light and balance the brightness; The liquid crystal screen layer is used to load a composite image containing multi-angle image information; The light-controlling grating layer is used to project the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer to different positions in space, so that the left and right eyes can see different image information respectively to form a stereoscopic vision; The unidirectional diffusion layer is used to diffuse the light in one direction, producing the same three-dimensional effect at different positions in the vertical direction; The host computer is used to generate a composite image containing multi-angle image information; the diffusion error compensation algorithm is loaded to reversely compensate the pixel values ​​that produce errors, thereby eliminating the crosstalk effect caused by the single diffusion layer.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: an aperture array layer is arranged above the light source layer in the system, which can limit the light output angle of the light source layer; a square lens array layer is arranged above the aperture array layer, which can convert the light emitted by the light source layer into collimated light to ensure the directionality of the light; an orthogonal prism layer is arranged above the square lens array layer, so as to homogenize the light in two dimensions and ensure that the brightness of each part of the final display area is balanced; a liquid crystal screen layer and a light control grating layer are arranged in sequence above the orthogonal prism layer, and the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer is projected to different positions in space through the light control grating layer, so that the left and right eyes see different image information respectively to form a stereoscopic vision; a unidirectional diffusion layer is arranged above the light control grating layer, and the light is diffused in a unidirectional direction to produce the same three-dimensional effect at different positions in the vertical direction; and the pixel value that produces the error is reversely compensated through a diffusion error compensation algorithm to eliminate the crosstalk effect caused by the unidirectional diffusion layer, so as to ensure that observers at different positions can obtain a consistent visual experience, and finally present a three-dimensional light field display effect with uniform brightness and low crosstalk.

[0010] Furthermore, the light source layer includes a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged in a matrix or a linear array, and the backlight is white.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the light emitting diodes can provide stable white light source support for the entire light field display system.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of holes are provided in the aperture array layer, each hole corresponding to a light emitting diode; by adjusting the aperture and spacing of the holes in the aperture array layer, the light is concentrated in the corresponding square lens in the square lens array layer after passing through the aperture array layer.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: only one light-emitting diode is covered under a single square lens, ensuring that the light can be effectively transmitted to the corresponding square lens above it after passing through the aperture array layer without crosstalking to other square lenses, limiting the light output angle and reducing light scattering.

[0014] Furthermore, each square lens corresponds to a light-emitting diode; the surface of the square lens is a free-form surface or an aspherical surface; the size of the square lens is more than ten times the size of the light-emitting diode; the thickness of the square lens is between 2 mm and 2 cm; the material of the square lens is PMMA or PET, and the refractive index is between 1.49 and 1.60; the parameters of the square lens have the following constraints:

[0015] in f is the focal length of the square lens; R is the radius of curvature of the square lens; L is the distance from a single LED to the square lens represents the tangent function; is the light output angle of a single light emitting diode; n is the material refractive index of the square lens.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: it can ensure that the light forms a collimated light beam after passing through the square lens, further reduce the optical aberration caused by the square lens, improve the collimation and uniformity of the light, and improve the imaging quality and display performance.

[0017] Furthermore, a single square lens and a single hole in the aperture array layer constitute a single optical path modulation unit, and the parameters of the single optical path modulation unit have the following constraints:

[0018] in represents the inverse tangent function; d is the diameter of a single hole in the aperture array layer; l is the distance from a single light-emitting diode to the aperture array layer; D is the width of the square lens.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is: it can optimize the output of light, adapt to different light characteristics, and control the angle of the emitted light within a reasonable range. Furthermore, the orthogonal prism sheet layer is composed of two prism sheets whose light uniforming directions are orthogonal to each other.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that after two different refractions, the light beam can be effectively collimated and diffused, thereby significantly reducing the divergence angle of the emergent light.

[0021] Furthermore, the liquid crystal screen layer is an LCD liquid crystal screen.

[0022] Furthermore, the light-controlling grating layer is composed of a plurality of longitudinal cylindrical lenses arranged in an array, and a single longitudinal cylindrical lens covers at least two sub-pixels of the liquid crystal screen layer; the arc surface of the longitudinal cylindrical lens faces the liquid crystal screen layer, and projects the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer to different positions in space, so that the left and right eyes see different image information respectively to form the constraints of stereoscopic vision as follows:

[0023] in M is the distance between the light-controlling grating layer and the viewing position; m is the distance between the light-control grating layer and the liquid crystal screen layer; S is the distance between viewpoints; It is the width of the sub-pixel on the LCD layer.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer can be projected to different positions in space to form parallax, so that the two eyes of a person see images from different angles, thereby producing an in-and-out screen effect; at the same time, it can also ensure sufficient optical transmission and light control effects, ensuring the best view color and spectroscopic effects.

[0025] Furthermore, the unidirectional diffusion layer is composed of a plurality of transverse cylindrical lenses arranged in an array, the pitch of a single transverse cylindrical lens is smaller than the sub-pixel length of the liquid crystal layer; the arc surface of the transverse cylindrical lens faces the side away from the light-controlling grating layer; the transverse cylindrical lens is arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal cylindrical lens.

[0026] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: the diffusion direction of the transverse grating is arranged orthogonally to the grating stripe direction of the longitudinal grating, so that the light refracted by the longitudinal grating can be diffused unidirectionally, ensuring that observers at different positions can obtain a consistent display effect, and at the same time, the emission angle and diffusion range of the light can be effectively controlled, so that the light after multiple refractions and diffusion forms a uniform high-fidelity light field in the observation space, thereby improving the stability of the stereoscopic display and the consistency of the field of view.

[0027] Furthermore, a diffusion error compensation algorithm is loaded to reversely compensate the pixel values ​​that generate errors. The specific method to eliminate the crosstalk effect caused by the single diffusion layer is as follows: When the grayscale value difference between adjacent sub-pixels perpendicular to the transverse cylindrical lens under the same transverse cylindrical lens exceeds a threshold, the grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the adjacent sub-pixel is reversely compensated. The corresponding expression is:

[0028] in for The pixel grayscale value of the sub-pixel at ; for The pixel grayscale value of the sub-pixel at ; The sub-pixel and The sub-pixels at are adjacent sub-pixels under the same transverse cylindrical lens and perpendicular to the direction of the transverse cylindrical lens; for The grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the sub-pixel at ; for The gray value of the next sub-pixel at the position after reverse compensation; for The grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the sub-pixel at ; for The gray value of the next sub-pixel after reverse compensation; hour, The " "Pick"-", The " "Take "+"; when hour, The " "Take "+", The " "Pick"-".

[0029] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by performing reverse compensation on specific pixel values ​​(pixel values ​​that produce errors) and maintaining the vertical pixel information unchanged, the overall visual effect can be guaranteed to be stable, thereby enhancing the three-dimensional stereoscopic perception of the displayed object and forming a highly realistic, low-crosstalk stereoscopic image. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the system; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aperture array layer; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a square lens array layer; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of parameter constraints of the optical path modulation unit; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an orthogonal prism sheet layer; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the light path control effect; Figure 7 This is a compensation diagram of the diffusion error compensation algorithm.

[0031] Among them: 1. light source layer; 2. aperture array layer; 3. square lens array layer; 4. orthogonal prism layer; 5. liquid crystal screen layer; 6. light control grating layer; 7. unidirectional diffusion layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control includes a host computer, and a light source layer 1, an aperture array layer 2, a square lens array layer 3, an orthogonal prism layer 4, a liquid crystal screen layer 5, a light control grating layer 6, and a unidirectional diffusion layer 7 which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; Light source layer 1, used to provide backlight source for the light field display system; The aperture array layer 2 is used to limit the light output angle of the light source layer 1; The square lens array layer 3 includes a plurality of square lenses and is used to convert the light emitted by the light source layer 1 into collimated light; The orthogonal prism sheet layer 4 is used to homogenize the light and make the brightness balanced; The liquid crystal screen layer 5 is used to load a composite image containing multi-angle image information; The light control grating layer 6 is used to project the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer 5 to different positions in space, so that the left and right eyes can see different image information respectively to form a stereoscopic vision; The unidirectional diffusion layer 7 is used to diffuse the light in one direction, producing the same three-dimensional effect at different positions in the vertical direction; The host computer is used to load the light field coding algorithm to generate a synthetic image containing multi-angle image information; load the diffusion error compensation algorithm to reversely compensate the pixel values ​​that produce errors, and eliminate the crosstalk caused by the single diffusion layer.

[0034] The light source layer 1 includes a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged in a matrix or linear array, and the number can range from dozens to thousands according to actual application requirements. The distance between adjacent light emitting diodes should be the same as the distance between the square lenses above, so that only one light emitting diode is covered under a single square lens. The brightness of the light emitting diode can be adjusted by the power provided by the power supply, and is set to be maintained between 30lm and 500lm to ensure appropriate visual brightness, providing stable white light source support for the entire light field display system.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of holes are provided in the aperture array layer 2, each hole corresponding to a light emitting diode; by adjusting the aperture and spacing of the holes in the aperture array layer 2, the light is concentrated in the corresponding square lens in the square lens array layer 3 after passing through the aperture array layer 2, thereby reducing crosstalk and improving the uniformity and directionality of the light. The shape of each hole can be, but is not limited to, circular, and can be fine-tuned according to actual conditions to adapt to different light characteristics, so that the angle of the outgoing light is controlled within a reasonable range.

[0036] Each square lens corresponds to a light-emitting diode; Figure 3As shown, the surface of the square lens is a free-form surface or an aspherical surface, which can significantly reduce optical aberrations and improve the collimation and uniformity of light. The size of the square lens is more than ten times the size of the light-emitting diode, ensuring that the lens can effectively collect and collimate the light emitted by the light-emitting diode. The thickness of the square lens is between 2 mm and 2 cm to balance the optical performance and mechanical strength. The material of the square lens is PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) or PET (polyethylene terephthalate), and the refractive index is between 1.49 and 1.60 to ensure effective collimation and transmission of light. The thickness and size of the square lens and the refractive index of the material jointly affect the refraction of light and also directly affect the final display effect. The parameters of the square lens have the following constraints:

[0037] in f is the focal length of the square lens; R is the radius of curvature of the square lens; L is the distance from a single LED to the square lens represents the tangent function; is the light output angle of a single light emitting diode; n is the material refractive index of the square lens.

[0038] By adjusting the parameters, it is possible to ensure that the light forms a collimated beam after passing through the square lens, further reduce the optical aberration caused by the square lens, improve the collimation and uniformity of the light, and fix it above the aperture array layer 2 through a precision mold and arrange it into a matrix or linear array, the number of which is the same as the number of light-emitting diodes.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, a single square lens and a single hole in the aperture array layer 2 constitute a single optical path modulation unit. In order to ensure that the light can be effectively transmitted to the corresponding square lens above the aperture array layer 2 without crosstalking to other lenses, limit the light output angle, reduce the scattering of light, and generate a stable collimated beam, the parameters of the single optical path modulation unit have the following constraints:

[0040] in represents the inverse tangent function; d is the diameter of a single hole in the aperture array layer 2; l is the distance from a single light emitting diode to the aperture array layer 2; D is the width of the square lens.

[0041] like Figure 5As shown, the orthogonal prism sheet layer 4 is composed of two prism sheets with mutually orthogonal light-homogenizing directions. The two prism sheets are consistent in design and arranged in a mutually perpendicular manner to form a composite optical structure, the purpose of which is to further collimate and homogenize the light in two dimensions to ensure that the brightness of the final display area is balanced. This design enables the incident light to be effectively collimated and diffused after two different refractions, thereby significantly reducing the divergence angle of the outgoing light. The design parameters of the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet mainly include the prism vertex angle and the refractive index of the material. The selection basis of the parameter is the divergence angle of the incident light and the divergence angle of the expected outgoing light. The above parameters can be precisely controlled by optical simulation software during design to ensure the optimal match between the light source layer 1 and the square lens array, thereby improving the collimation and uniformity of the outgoing light. The design parameters of each prism include the prism vertex angle, the material refractive index and the thickness. By adjusting the parameters of the prism sheet, the collimation effect of the light can be homogenized, the divergence angle of the light beam can be reduced, and it is ensured that the light can be evenly distributed in the observation area after passing through the orthogonal prism sheet, and a uniform collimated backlight is obtained at this time.

[0042] In this embodiment, the light control grating layer 6 is composed of a plurality of longitudinal cylindrical lenses arranged in an array, and a single longitudinal cylindrical lens covers at least two sub-pixels of the liquid crystal screen layer 5; the liquid crystal screen layer 5 is an LCD screen, which is used to load a synthetic image generated by a light field coding algorithm. The synthetic image contains image information from multiple angles, and the light splitting effect of the longitudinal cylindrical lens ensures that the information of each sub-pixel can be accurately transmitted to different positions in the observation space. For the light field coding algorithm, firstly, take pictures of the object to be displayed from different angles through high-definition camera equipment or three-dimensional creation software such as blender as a set of disparity maps. The sub-pixels on the LCD screen that are at the same distance from the center of the optical axis of a lens unit on the light-control grating layer 6, the light emitted by them will be projected to the same area in space after passing through the lens, so these sub-pixels should be filled with the same disparity map information (using visual studio+openCV programming to read all disparity map operation pixels and fill them into the corresponding positions of the synthetic image). For this reason, we can determine the relative position relationship between the sub-pixel and its lens (the relative position relationship is determined by the distance from the center position of the sub-pixel to the center of the lens of the light-control grating layer 6 where it is located. For pixels with different distances, the lens of the light-control grating layer 6 will project them to different positions in space), which can be judged based on the distance from the center position of the sub-pixel to the center of the lens of the light-control grating layer 6 where it is located. The number of different spatial areas can be projected according to the number of sub-pixels covered under the lens unit of a light-control grating layer 6. Suppose the width of the sub-pixel area on the LCD screen covered by the lens unit of a light-control grating layer 6 in the horizontal direction is The distance from the center of each sub-pixel to the center of its corresponding light control unit is In the interval, the number of viewpoints isn , the interval corresponding to a single pixel is , when the distance from the sub-pixel on the LCD screen to the edge of the corresponding light-controlling grating layer 6 satisfies When After a complete traversal and filling, the pixel values ​​at the corresponding positions of the amplitude disparity map are finally obtained. Through the light control effect of the light control grating layer 6 above, the two eyes of a person can see images from different angles, thereby producing an in-and-out screen effect, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0043] The curved surface of the longitudinal cylindrical lens faces the liquid crystal screen layer 5, and projects the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer 5 to different positions in space, so that the left and right eyes see different image information respectively to form the constraints of stereoscopic vision as follows:

[0044] in M is the distance between the light-controlling grating layer 6 and the viewing position; m is the distance between the light-controlling grating layer 6 and the liquid crystal screen layer 5; S is the distance between viewpoints; is the width of the sub-pixel on the liquid crystal layer 5.

[0045] The unidirectional diffusion layer 7 is composed of a plurality of transverse cylindrical lenses arranged in an array, the pitch of a single transverse cylindrical lens being smaller than the sub-pixel length of the liquid crystal screen layer 5; the arc surface of the transverse cylindrical lens faces the side away from the light-controlling grating layer 6; the orthogonal arrangement of the transverse cylindrical lens and the longitudinal cylindrical lens mainly diffuses the light refracted by the light-controlling grating layer 6 in a single direction, and produces the same three-dimensional effect at different positions in the vertical direction. The design purpose of the unidirectional diffusion layer 7 is to ensure that observers at different positions can obtain a consistent visual experience, and to improve the brightness uniformity and stability of the display system.

[0046] Then, the diffusion error compensation algorithm is used to adjust the vertical pixel information to remain unchanged to ensure a stable three-dimensional visual effect. When a single horizontal cylindrical lens can cover more than a single sub-pixel information, different pixel information will be seen at different angles in the light control direction. The diffusion error compensation algorithm is used to compensate and adjust it, such as Figure 7 As shown, a coordinate system is established with the upper left corner of the synthetic image as the vertex, the horizontal direction is the x-axis, and the vertical direction is the y-axis. When the grayscale value difference of adjacent sub-pixels perpendicular to the transverse cylindrical lens under the same transverse cylindrical lens exceeds a threshold value (set to 25 in this embodiment), the grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the adjacent sub-pixel is reversely compensated. The corresponding expression is:

[0047] in for The pixel grayscale value of the sub-pixel at ; for The pixel grayscale value of the sub-pixel at ; The sub-pixel and The sub-pixels at are adjacent sub-pixels under the same transverse cylindrical lens and perpendicular to the direction of the transverse cylindrical lens; for The grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the sub-pixel at ; for The gray value of the next sub-pixel at the position after reverse compensation; for The grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the sub-pixel at ; for The gray value of the next sub-pixel after reverse compensation; hour, The " "Pick"-", The " "Take "+"; when hour, The " "Take "+", The " "Pick"-".

[0048] In the specific implementation process, this light field display system is suitable for a variety of scenarios, including large-screen stereoscopic display (such as cinemas, exhibition halls, etc.), virtual reality and augmented reality, medical equipment (such as surgical simulation, medical imaging, etc. to provide high-precision stereoscopic display) and home entertainment equipment.

[0049] In conclusion, in the present invention, an aperture array layer 2 is arranged above the light source layer 1, which can limit the light output angle of the light source layer 1; a square lens array layer 3 is arranged above the aperture array layer 2, which can convert the light emitted by the light source layer 1 into collimated light to ensure the directionality of the light; an orthogonal prism layer 4 is arranged above the square lens array layer 3, so as to homogenize the light in two dimensions to ensure that the brightness of each part of the final display area is balanced; a liquid crystal screen layer 5 and a light control grating layer 6 are arranged in sequence above the orthogonal prism layer 4, and the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer 5 is projected to different positions in space through the light control grating layer 6, so that the left and right eyes can see different image information respectively to form a stereoscopic vision; a unidirectional diffusion layer 7 is arranged above the light control grating layer 6 to diffuse the light in a unidirectional direction, so that the light is further homogenized and refined; and the pixel value is reversely compensated through a diffusion error compensation algorithm to ensure that observers at different positions can obtain a consistent visual experience, and finally present a three-dimensional light field display effect with uniform brightness and low crosstalk.

Claims

1. A light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control, characterized in that: It includes a host computer, and a light source layer, an aperture array layer, a square lens array layer, an orthogonal prism layer, a liquid crystal screen layer, a light control grating layer, and a unidirectional diffusion layer which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; A light source layer, used to provide a backlight source for the light field display system; The aperture array layer is used to limit the light output angle of the light source layer; A square lens array layer, comprising a plurality of square lenses, for converting the light emitted by the light source layer into collimated light; Orthogonal prism sheet layer, used to homogenize the light and balance the brightness; The liquid crystal screen layer is used to load a composite image containing multi-angle image information; The light-controlling grating layer is used to project the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer to different positions in space, so that the left and right eyes can see different image information respectively to form a stereoscopic vision; The unidirectional diffusion layer is used to diffuse the light in one direction, producing the same three-dimensional effect at different positions in the vertical direction; The host computer is used to generate a composite image containing multi-angle image information; the diffusion error compensation algorithm is loaded to reversely compensate the pixel values ​​that produce errors, thereby eliminating the crosstalk effect caused by the single diffusion layer.

2. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source layer includes a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged in a matrix or a linear array, and the backlight is white.

3. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of holes are arranged in the aperture array layer, each hole corresponds to a light emitting diode; by adjusting the aperture and spacing of the holes in the aperture array layer, the light is concentrated in the corresponding square lens in the square lens array layer after passing through the aperture array layer.

4. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each square lens corresponds to a light-emitting diode; the surface of the square lens is a free-form surface or an aspherical surface; the size of the square lens is more than ten times the size of the light-emitting diode; the thickness of the square lens is between 2 mm and 2 cm; the material of the square lens is PMMA or PET, and the refractive index is between 1.49 and 1.60; the parameters of the square lens have the following constraints: in f is the focal length of the square lens; R is the radius of curvature of the square lens; L is the distance from a single LED to the square lens represents the tangent function; is the light output angle of a single light emitting diode; n is the material refractive index of the square lens.

5. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 4, characterized in that: A single square lens and a single hole in the aperture array layer constitute a single optical path modulation unit. The parameters of the single optical path modulation unit have the following constraints: in represents the inverse tangent function; d is the diameter of a single hole in the aperture array layer; l is the distance from a single light emitting diode to the aperture array layer; D is the width of the square lens.

6. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orthogonal prism sheet layer is composed of two prism sheets whose light uniformity directions are orthogonal to each other.

7. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid crystal screen layer is an LCD liquid crystal screen.

8. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-controlling grating layer is composed of a plurality of longitudinal cylindrical lenses arranged in an array, and a single longitudinal cylindrical lens covers at least two sub-pixels of the liquid crystal screen layer; the arc surface of the longitudinal cylindrical lens faces the liquid crystal screen layer, and projects the pixel light from the liquid crystal screen layer to different positions in space, so that the left and right eyes see different image information respectively to form the constraints of stereoscopic vision as follows: in M is the distance between the light-controlling grating layer and the viewing position; m is the distance between the light-control grating layer and the liquid crystal screen layer; S is the distance between viewpoints; It is the width of the sub-pixel on the LCD layer.

9. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 8, characterized in that: The unidirectional diffusion layer is composed of a plurality of transverse cylindrical lenses arranged in an array, the pitch of a single transverse cylindrical lens is smaller than the sub-pixel length of the liquid crystal layer; the arc surface of the transverse cylindrical lens faces the side away from the light control grating layer; the transverse cylindrical lens and the longitudinal cylindrical lens are arranged orthogonally.

10. The light field display system based on collimated light and multiple light control according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific method of loading the diffusion error compensation algorithm to reversely compensate the pixel value that generates the error and eliminate the crosstalk effect caused by the single diffusion layer is as follows: When the grayscale value difference between adjacent sub-pixels perpendicular to the transverse cylindrical lens under the same transverse cylindrical lens exceeds a threshold, the grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the adjacent sub-pixel is reversely compensated. The corresponding expression is: in for The pixel grayscale value of the sub-pixel at ; for The pixel grayscale value of the sub-pixel at ; The sub-pixel and The sub-pixels at are adjacent sub-pixels under the same transverse cylindrical lens and perpendicular to the direction of the transverse cylindrical lens; for The grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the sub-pixel at ; for The gray value of the next sub-pixel at the position after reverse compensation; for The grayscale value of the next sub-pixel of the sub-pixel at ; for The gray value of the next sub-pixel after reverse compensation; hour, The " "Pick"-", The " "Take" + "; when hour, The " "Take"+", The " "Pick"-".

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