A teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale

Abstract

The present invention discloses a teaching experiment device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale, comprising: a column vertically fixed on the side of a support frame, wherein a reaction liquid is contained inside the column; a plurality of groups of sampling wheels are arranged vertically on one side of the column away from the support frame, wherein the axis of the sampling wheel is arranged vertically, a driving assembly is arranged on the axis side of the sampling wheel, and a sampling slot is arranged above the sampling wheel; the present invention arranges sampling wheels arranged vertically on one side of the column, and allows each sampling slot to accurately enter different depth areas of the column, thereby sampling at different time periods of the concentration process. The device adopts a closed concentration environment and an automated sampling mechanism, which avoids the problem of potential safety hazards caused by frequent opening and closing of the device, and reduces the difficulty of experimental operation. It is particularly suitable for use in teaching experiments and can effectively protect the safety of students.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a teaching experiment device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale, belonging to the technical field of teaching experiments. Background Art

[0002] The concentrated teaching experimental device for extracting flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale is a device specially designed for extracting and concentrating flavonoids in a teaching environment. This device usually focuses on the simplicity, safety and intuitiveness of operation, so that students can better understand and master the experimental process of flavonoid extraction and concentration.

[0003] Since Dendrobium candidum mainly contains polysaccharides, alkaloids, flavonoids and other ingredients. Flavonoid extracts mainly contain apigenin, rutin, quercetin, naringenin and other ingredients, which have obvious pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, anti-oxidation, delaying aging, and enhancing immunity. Previous studies have shown that the extraction and separation of flavonoid components in Dendrobium candidum are relatively difficult, and its water solubility is poor, which is not conducive to human absorption. Therefore, the extract of Dendrobium candidum can be concentrated, and the flavonoids can be further separated and processed into dosage forms such as pills and tablets for use.

[0004] Most existing concentration devices have only one sampling port, which is usually set at the end of the concentration process. Although this setting is convenient for sampling the final product, it is not conducive to obtaining samples at different time points during the concentration process, especially not conducive to sampling and determining the content of total flavonoids during the concentration process.

[0005] The concentration of flavonoids usually needs to be carried out under specific temperature and pressure conditions, which are designed to ensure that the activity of the flavonoids is not destroyed. However, frequent opening of the device for sampling during the concentration process may lead to unstable temperature and pressure, thus affecting the concentration effect and even causing the decomposition or denaturation of the flavonoids.

[0006] The concentration process is often accompanied by the evaporation of solvents, especially organic solvents, whose volatility may cause safety hazards. Frequent opening of the device for sampling increases the risk of solvent leakage, which not only affects the experimental results, but also poses a threat to the health and safety of the experimenter. Therefore, the existing equipment may be more complicated in sampling samples of different concentrations, and unskilled operation during teaching sampling is prone to cause certain dangers, which is not conducive to the realization of teaching purposes. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale to solve the problems of the prior art.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale, comprising: a column vertically fixed to the side of a support frame, wherein a reaction liquid is contained in the column;

[0010] A plurality of sampling wheels are arranged vertically on one side of the column away from the support frame, the axis of the sampling wheel is arranged vertically, a driving assembly is arranged on the axis side of the sampling wheel, and a sampling slot is arranged above the sampling wheel;

[0011] An auxiliary frame is arranged on one side of the column, the lower side of the auxiliary frame is fixedly connected to the column, and the driving assembly is installed on the side of the auxiliary frame;

[0012] A control module, wherein the control module is electrically connected to the drive assembly;

[0013] The control module controls the driving assembly to drive the sampling wheel to rotate, so that the sampling slot enters the column to collect the sample liquid;

[0014] The driving component controls the sampling wheel to rotate, moves the sampling slot out of the analysis column, and takes out the sampling liquid.

[0015] As a further improvement, the side of the column is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped groove is vertically provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes are connected to the inside of the column;

[0016] The sampling wheel is installed at the through hole.

[0017] As a further improvement, the distance between the inner edge of the arc-shaped groove and the axis of the column is smaller than the radius of the column.

[0018] As a further improvement, a heating plate is embedded on the side of the sampling wheel away from the sampling slot;

[0019] It also includes a heating module, which is electrically connected to the control module. The control module cooperates with the heating module to control the heating plate to heat the reaction liquid.

[0020] As a further improvement, a temperature sensor is arranged on the side of the heating plate, the arc length between the side of the heating plate away from the temperature sensor and the temperature sensor does not exceed the arc length of the arc groove, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control module.

[0021] As a further improvement, the driving assembly is a forward and reverse motor, the forward and reverse motor is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module controls the forward and reverse motor to drive the sampling wheel to rotate forward, the sampling slot enters the interior of the column, and the heating plate and the temperature sensor are separated from the column;

[0022] The forward and reverse motors are controlled by a control module to drive the sampling wheel to reverse, so that the sampling slot is separated from the column, and the heating plate and the temperature sensor enter the interior of the column.

[0023] As a further improvement, a cover body is slidably provided above the sampling slot, and a protrusion is provided above the cover body along the forward rotation direction of the sampling wheel. When the sampling wheel rotates forward, the protrusion abuts against the edge of the arc-shaped groove to open the sampling slot, and the protrusion is deformed and embedded in the gap between the sampling wheel and the arc-shaped groove;

[0024] The sampling wheel is reversed, and the friction force between the arc-shaped groove and the protrusion controls the cover body to maintain a position state of contact with the arc-shaped groove. After the sampling slot is completely closed, the protrusion is separated from the arc-shaped groove.

[0025] As a further improvement, the support frame includes a support rod inserted on the workbench, at least two ring sleeves are vertically arranged on the side of the support rod, the ring sleeve includes two arc-shaped pieces rotatably mounted on the support rod, a spring is arranged between the two arc-shaped pieces close to the support rod, and the ring sleeve is installed to fit the outer ring of the analysis column.

[0026] As a further improvement, the auxiliary frame includes a base located below the analysis column, an auxiliary rod vertically inserted above the base, a mounting rod extending from the side of the auxiliary rod, and the forward and reverse motor is fixed to the mounting rod by bolts.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The present invention arranges sampling wheels vertically arranged on one side of the column, and allows each sampling slot to accurately enter different depth areas of the column, thereby sampling at different time periods during the concentration process.

[0029] In order to control the sampling wheel to perform the operation, a driving component is set to cooperate with the control module. The control module controls the driving component to work, so that the sampling wheel rotates at a predetermined speed and angle. The sampling slot is allowed to enter the column smoothly and accurately to collect the sample liquid at that stage. After the collection is completed, the sampling wheel is reset and rotated again under the control of the control module, so that the sampling slot is transferred to the outside of the column, so that the experimenter can collect the sample liquid from the sampling slot for analysis.

[0030] The entire sampling process can be repeated at different time points in the concentration process as needed, without interrupting the entire concentration process or opening the device frequently, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of the experiment.

[0031] During the sampling process, frequent opening of the device will cause the temperature to drop, affecting the concentration effect. In order to ensure that the reaction liquid maintains a stable reaction temperature, a heating plate is embedded on the side of the sampling wheel away from the sampling tank. The heating plate is controlled by the control module through the heating module, and the reaction liquid can be locally heated during sampling.

[0032] Use a forward and reverse motor as a driving component, and control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor through the control module to achieve precise movement of the sampling wheel. Avoid the heating plate and temperature sensor from affecting the reaction liquid during sampling. During sampling, the sampling slot enters the column to collect the sample liquid. At this time, the heating plate and temperature sensor need to be separated from the column to avoid interference with the temperature and flow state of the reaction liquid. During heating and monitoring, after the sampling slot is separated from the column, the heating plate and temperature sensor enter the column to locally heat the reaction liquid and monitor the temperature in real time to ensure temperature control during the concentration process.

[0033] In order to reduce interference during the sampling process, a cover is slidably arranged above the sampling slot. When the sampling wheel rotates forward, the raised portion abuts against the edge of the arc-shaped groove, causing the cover to slide and open the sampling slot, ensuring that the sample liquid can smoothly enter the sampling slot. When the sampling wheel rotates reversely, the raised portion disengages from the arc-shaped groove, and the cover remains closed, preventing external impurities from entering and the reaction liquid from volatilizing during the sampling process.

[0034] The device adopts a closed concentration environment and an automated sampling mechanism, which avoids the potential safety hazards caused by frequent opening and closing of the device, while reducing the difficulty of experimental operation. It is particularly suitable for use in teaching experiments and can effectively protect the safety of students. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 The invention is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a column of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of a column according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a closed state of a sampling slot when the sampling wheel is viewed from above according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sampling slot opening state when the sampling wheel is viewed from above according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a ring sleeve of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 The invention is a schematic diagram of module control of a teaching experiment device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale.

[0043] Description of the drawings: 1. Support rod; 11. Ring sleeve; 111. Arc sheet; 112. Spring; 113. Shaft rod; 2. Analysis column; 21. Through hole; 22. Collection tank; 3. Sampling wheel; 31. Sampling slot; 4. Auxiliary frame; 5. Control module; 32. Heating plate; 33. Temperature sensor; 6. Forward and reverse motor; 34. Cover body; 341. Raised part; 35. Guide groove; 36. Rubber ring; 41. Base; 42. Auxiliary rod; 43. Mounting rod; 7. Workbench; 8. Control panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] Reference Figure 1-7 As shown, a teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale comprises:

[0047] A column 2 is vertically fixed on the side of the support frame, and the column 2 contains a reaction liquid;

[0048] A plurality of sampling wheels 3 are arranged vertically on one side of the column 2 away from the support frame. The axis of the sampling wheel 3 is arranged vertically. A driving assembly is arranged on the axis side of the sampling wheel 3. A sampling slot 31 is arranged above the sampling wheel 3.

[0049] An auxiliary frame 4 is arranged on one side of the column 2, the lower part of the auxiliary frame 4 is fixedly connected to the column 2, and the driving assembly is installed on the side of the auxiliary frame 4;

[0050] A control module 5, wherein the control module 5 is electrically connected to the drive assembly;

[0051] The control module 5 controls the driving assembly to drive the sampling wheel 3 to rotate, so that the sampling slot 31 enters the column 2 to collect the sample liquid;

[0052] The driving assembly controls the sampling wheel 3 to rotate, moves the sampling slot 31 out of the column 2, and takes out the sample liquid.

[0053] The support frame and the auxiliary frame 4 are both mounted on the workbench 7, and the control module 5 is controlled by a control panel 8 mounted on the base 41. A valve (not shown) for discharging liquid is provided under the column 2, and the collection tank 22 is sleeved under the column 2 to cover the valve.

[0054] The invention aims to solve the shortcomings of the existing concentration device, such as inconvenient sampling in teaching experiments, easy to cause temperature and pressure instability and safety problems.

[0055] The plant extract (containing flavonoid components) to be concentrated is loaded into the column 2. The sampling wheel 3 is arranged vertically on the side of the column 2 away from the support frame, so that each sampling slot 31 can accurately enter the different depth areas of the column 2, thereby sampling at different time periods during the concentration process.

[0056] The control module 5 controls the driving assembly to rotate at a predetermined speed and angle, so that the sampling wheel 3 can smoothly and accurately enter the interior of the column 2 to collect the sample liquid at that stage. After the collection is completed, the sampling wheel 3 is reset and rotated again under the control of the control module 5, so that the sampling slot 31 is transferred to the outside of the column 2, so that the experimenter can collect the sample liquid from the sampling slot 31 for analysis.

[0057] The entire sampling process can be repeated at different time points in the concentration process as needed, without interrupting the entire concentration process or opening the device frequently, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of the experiment.

[0058] Because Dendrobium candidum mainly contains polysaccharides, alkaloids, flavonoids and other ingredients. Flavonoid extracts mainly contain apigenin, rutin, quercetin, naringenin and other ingredients, which have obvious pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, anti-oxidation, delaying aging, and enhancing immunity. Previous studies have shown that the extraction and separation of flavonoid components of Dendrobium candidum are relatively difficult, and its water solubility is poor, which is not conducive to human absorption. Therefore, the Dendrobium candidum extract can be concentrated, and flavonoids can be further separated and processed into dosage forms such as pills and tablets for use. Most of the existing concentration devices have only one sampling port, which is usually set at the end of the concentration process. Although this setting is convenient for sampling the final product, it is not conducive to obtaining samples at different time points during the concentration process, and is particularly not conducive to sampling and measuring the content of total flavonoids during the concentration process.

[0059] The device adopts a closed concentration environment and an automated sampling mechanism, which avoids the potential safety hazards caused by frequent opening and closing of the device, while reducing the difficulty of experimental operation. It is particularly suitable for use in teaching experiments and can effectively protect the safety of students.

[0060] By reducing or eliminating the temperature and pressure fluctuations caused by the entry of external air into the device or the loss of internal heat during the sampling process, the stability and activity of flavonoids and other components in the concentration process are ensured, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0061] The vertical design and precisely controllable position mechanism of the sampling wheel 3 allow students to intuitively observe the changes in the concentration process and better understand the dynamic process of flavonoid concentration by taking out samples at different time points and analyzing them.

[0062] Unlike conventional devices that have only one sampling port, usually located at the end of the concentration process, this device allows for multi-point sampling, which can be selected at any time during the concentration process.

[0063] Moreover, samples at each stage can be obtained conveniently and safely, which not only facilitates real-time monitoring by experimenters, but also increases the amount and diversity of experimental data, making the experiment more comprehensive and easier to draw accurate conclusions.

[0064] In this embodiment, the column 2 is made of transparent material (such as glass) to achieve visual observation, and a built-in temperature / pressure sensor monitors the reaction environment in real time;

[0065] 3-5 groups of independent sampling wheels 3 (with adjustable spacing) are arranged along the height direction of the column 2, and each sampling wheel 3 is equipped with:

[0066] The micro sampling tank (capacity 0.5-2 ml) and the rubber ring 36 on the edge of the sampling wheel 3 are leak-proof sealing rings (resistant to organic solvents).

[0067] The control module 5 is an integrated PLC control system that supports functions such as preset sampling time sequence and dynamic environmental parameter compensation.

[0068] This scheme adopts multi-point dynamic sampling technology. By adopting a spatial discrete sampling design, each sampling round corresponds to a different concentration stage. A single experiment can obtain samples from 4-6 different time points (400% higher efficiency than traditional single-point sampling). The sampling volume error is controlled within ±2%. In addition, the participating concentrations at different heights are different over time. By collecting sample liquids at different heights for analysis, the effect of the reaction and the content of flavonoids at different heights can be known.

[0069] In order to further improve the sampling efficiency and experimental stability, in order to minimize the fluid disturbance, the side of the column 2 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 23, and the arc-shaped groove 23 is vertically provided with a plurality of through holes 21, and the through holes 21 are connected with the inside of the column 2;

[0070] The sampling wheel 3 is installed at the through hole 21 .

[0071] The distance between the arc groove 23 and the axis of the column 2 is less than the radius (which can be designed to be 3 / 4 of the radius). Under the laminar flow state, the chromatography of the reaction liquid in the column 2 is in a vertical state, which can reserve as much space as possible to ensure the chromatography effect, ensure that the sample liquid can be fully mixed during sampling, avoid obvious disturbance to the main flow channel, and ensure the largest possible chromatography space.

[0072] The vertically arranged through holes 21 realize the longitudinal dimension, covering different concentration stages (high concentration area at the bottom to low concentration area at the top).

[0073] The groove curved surface and the rotation track of the sampling wheel 3 form a dynamic sealing interface. When the sampling wheel 3 rotates, the wheel body and the groove curved surface maintain a gap of 0.3mm-0.5mm.

[0074] In order to ensure that the reaction liquid maintains a stable reaction temperature, a heating plate 32 is embedded on the side of the sampling wheel 3 away from the sampling slot 31;

[0075] It also includes a heating module, which is electrically connected to the control module 5. The control module 5 cooperates with the heating module to control the heating plate 32 to heat the reaction liquid.

[0076] As a further improvement, a temperature sensor 33 is arranged on the side of the heating plate 32, and the arc length between the side of the heating plate 32 away from the temperature sensor 33 and the temperature sensor 33 does not exceed the arc length of the arc groove 23, and the temperature sensor 33 is electrically connected to the control module 5.

[0077] A heating plate 32 is embedded on the side of the sampling wheel 3 away from the sampling slot 31. The heating plate 32 is controlled by the control module 5 through the heating module, and the reaction liquid can be locally heated during sampling. A temperature sensor 33 is arranged on the side of the heating plate 32, and the temperature sensor 33 is electrically connected to the control module 5 for real-time monitoring of the temperature of the heating plate 32. The arc length between the side of the heating plate 32 away from the temperature sensor 33 and the temperature sensor 33 does not exceed the arc length of the arc groove 23, so that the temperature sensor 33 can be ensured to be always located within the effective heating range of the heating plate 32, and the temperature can be accurately measured.

[0078] During the sampling process, frequent opening of the device will cause the temperature to drop, affecting the concentration effect. However, this design can keep the temperature of the reaction liquid stable during sampling by local heating. The heating plate 32 is embedded in the sampling wheel 3, which can locally heat the reaction liquid at the sampling position, thereby avoiding temperature fluctuations inside the entire column 2 and controlling the reaction conditions more accurately.

[0079] The temperature sensor 33 monitors the temperature of the heating plate 32 in real time and feeds the data back to the control module 5 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the heating temperature. Through the linkage between the control module 5 and the heating module, the power of the heating plate 32 can be adjusted in real time to keep the temperature of the sampling point constant and avoid changes in flavonoid activity caused by overheating or insufficient temperature.

[0080] The arc length between the heating plate 32 and the temperature sensor 33 does not exceed the arc length of the arc groove 23, ensuring that the temperature sensor 33 is always located within the effective heating range of the heating plate 32. This can avoid measurement errors caused by uneven temperature gradients.

[0081] Students can intuitively understand the temperature changes during the sampling process through real-time temperature data, so as to better understand the role of temperature in the concentration process. Temperature data can be recorded at each sampling point. In combination with other experimental parameters (such as concentration, pH value, etc.), students can more comprehensively analyze the dynamic process of flavonoid concentration and enhance their understanding and mastery of the experiment.

[0082] By embedding a heating plate 32 and setting a temperature sensor 33 on the sampling wheel 3, the device not only solves the problem of temperature fluctuation during the sampling process, but also provides a real-time temperature monitoring function, thereby enhancing the accuracy and safety of the experiment. These improvements enable students to more intuitively observe and understand the flavonoid concentration process in the experiment, thereby improving the teaching effect.

[0083] The driving component is a forward and reverse motor 6, which is electrically connected to a control module 5. The control module 5 controls the forward and reverse motor 6 to drive the sampling wheel 3 to rotate forward, so that the sampling slot 31 enters the column 2, and the heating plate 32 and the temperature sensor 33 are separated from the column 2.

[0084] The control module 5 controls the forward and reverse motor 6 to drive the sampling wheel 3 to reverse, the sampling slot 31 is separated from the column 2, and the heating plate 32 and the temperature sensor 33 enter the column 2.

[0085] The forward and reverse motor 6 is used as a driving component, and the forward and reverse rotation of the motor is controlled by the control module 5 to achieve precise movement of the sampling wheel 3.

[0086] To prevent the heating plate 32 and the temperature sensor 33 from affecting the reaction liquid during sampling, when sampling, the sampling slot 31 enters the column 2 to collect the sample liquid. At this time, the heating plate 32 and the temperature sensor 33 need to be separated from the column 2 to avoid interfering with the temperature and flow state of the reaction liquid.

[0087] During heating and monitoring, after the sampling slot 31 is separated from the column 2, the heating plate 32 and the temperature sensor 33 enter the column 2 to locally heat the reaction liquid and monitor the temperature in real time to ensure temperature control during the concentration process.

[0088] In teaching experiments, students may not be proficient in operation, and manual sampling and temperature adjustment may easily lead to equipment damage or safety accidents. The use of the forward and reverse motor 6 reduces this risk and improves the reliability of the experiment.

[0089] In order to reduce interference during the sampling process, a cover body 34 is slidably arranged above the sampling slot 31, and a protrusion 341 is arranged above the cover body 34 along the forward rotation direction of the sampling wheel 3. When the sampling wheel 3 rotates forward, the protrusion 341 abuts against the edge of the arc-shaped groove 23 to open the sampling slot 31, and the protrusion 341 is deformed and embedded in the gap between the sampling wheel 3 and the arc-shaped groove 23; when the sampling wheel 3 is reversed, the friction force between the arc-shaped groove 23 and the protrusion 341 controls the cover body 34 to maintain a position state of abutting against the arc-shaped groove 23. After the sampling slot 31 is completely closed, the protrusion 341 is separated from the arc-shaped groove 23.

[0090] A guide groove 35 is provided on the surface of the sampling wheel 3 to guide the cover 34 to slide, wherein the guide groove 35 needs to be at least 3-4 times longer than the cover 34, and the arc length needs to be close to one third of the arc length of the sampling wheel 3.

[0091] When the sampling wheel 3 rotates forward, the protrusion 341 abuts against the edge of the arc-shaped groove 23 , so that the cover 34 slides and opens the sampling slot 31 , ensuring that the sample liquid can smoothly enter the sampling slot 31 .

[0092] When the sampling wheel 3 rotates in reverse, the protrusion 341 is separated from the arc-shaped groove 23, and the cover 34 remains in a closed state, thereby preventing foreign impurities from entering and the reaction liquid from volatilizing during the sampling process.

[0093] The cover 34 is an arc-shaped piece 111 and is slidably embedded on the upper surface of the sampling wheel 3 .

[0094] The sliding of the cover 34 and the deformation of the arc groove 23 can achieve dynamic sealing during the sampling and heating process to prevent leakage of the reaction liquid. When the sampling wheel 3 is reversed, the cover 34 relies on the friction between the arc groove 23 to maintain a closed state, thereby enhancing the sealing effect.

[0095] The opening and closing of the cover 34 is controlled by the forward and reverse rotation of the sampling wheel 3, without the need for an additional mechanical drive device, thus simplifying the overall structure and reducing the complexity and maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0096] The matching design of the protrusion 341 and the arc-shaped groove 23 enables the sampling wheel 3, the cover body 34 and the groove to form an organic whole, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the device.

[0097] The height range of the raised portion 341 is 0.4mm-0.6mm, and the clearance between the wheel body and the groove surface is 0.3mm-0.5mm. In this embodiment, the height range of the raised portion 341 is 0.4mm, and the clearance between the wheel body and the groove surface is 0.3mm.

[0098] The cover 34 is opened when sampling and quickly closed after sampling is completed, reducing the impact of the external environment on the sample liquid and ensuring the purity and accuracy of the sampling. The sampling slot 31 is not completely exposed during sampling, and dynamic sealing is achieved by deformation of the cover 34 and the arc-shaped groove 23 to prevent leakage and contamination of the reaction liquid.

[0099] The mechanical structure is simplified, the complexity of the equipment is reduced, the operation risk is reduced, and the experimental safety is ensured.

[0100] Students can more intuitively understand the mechanical principle of the sampling process by observing the sliding of the cover 34 and the deformation of the arc-shaped groove 23.

[0101] By slidingly setting the cover 34 above the sampling slot 31 and setting a protrusion 341 on the cover 34, the device realizes automatic opening and closing of the sampling slot through friction force by cooperating with the extrusion of the arc-shaped groove 23. This design not only improves the accuracy and reliability of sampling, but also enhances the sealing and safety of the equipment, simplifies the mechanical structure, improves the teaching effect, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and makes the experiment more efficient and safe.

[0102] By using the forward and reverse motor 6 and the control module 5, the device realizes the precise switching of the positions of the sampling slot 31 and the heating plate 32 and the temperature sensor 33, which not only ensures the accuracy and reliability of sampling, but also ensures the stability and real-time monitoring of the temperature during the concentration process. This design not only improves the safety and efficiency of the experiment, but also enhances the intuitiveness of teaching and the richness of data, providing a more ideal solution for the teaching experiment of extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale.

[0103] Resistive heating, the heating plate 32 is usually made of a resistive material. When current passes through the resistive material, the resistive material generates heat. This heating method is called resistive heating or Joule heating. Temperature control circuit, the heating plate 32 is usually connected to a temperature control circuit, and the temperature signal is fed back by the temperature sensor 33, and the control module 5 adjusts the current size, thereby achieving precise temperature control.

[0104] In order to achieve the positioning of the analysis column 2, the support frame includes a support rod 1 inserted on the workbench 7, and at least two ring sleeves 11 are vertically arranged on the side of the support rod 1. The ring sleeve 11 includes two arc-shaped pieces 111 rotatably mounted on the support rod 1, and a spring 112 is arranged between the two arc-shaped pieces 111 close to the support rod 1. The ring sleeve 11 is installed to fit the outer ring of the analysis column 2.

[0105] When in use, the two arc-shaped pieces 111 of each group are bent outward, so that the internal spring 112 is stretched and expanded, and then the analysis column 2 is inserted between the two arc-shaped pieces 111, and the two arc-shaped pieces 111 are pulled to reset by the spring 112, thereby realizing the limit constraint of the analysis column 2, wherein the fixed position of the arc-shaped piece 111 is located between the two sampling wheels 3, and the staggered setting is used to prevent movement interference.

[0106] In order to achieve the positioning of the driving component, the auxiliary frame 4 includes a base 41 located below the analysis column 2, an auxiliary rod 42 vertically inserted above the base 41, and a mounting rod 43 extending from the side of the auxiliary rod 42. The forward and reverse motor 6 is fixed on the mounting rod 43 by bolts.

[0107] It should be noted that the device structure and the drawings of the present invention mainly describe the principle of the present invention. In terms of the technology of the design principle, the settings of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system of the device are not fully described. On the premise that the technical personnel in this field understand the principle of the above invention, the details of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system can be clearly known. The control method of the application document is automatic control through a controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming by the technical personnel in this field.

[0108] The standard parts used therein can all be purchased from the market and can be customized according to the instructions and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the structures and principles of the components known to technical personnel in this field can be known by these technical personnel through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0109] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale, characterized in that: include: A column (2) vertically fixed on the side of the support frame, wherein the column (2) contains a reaction liquid; A plurality of groups of sampling wheels (3) are arranged vertically on one side of the column (2) away from the support frame, the axis of the sampling wheel (3) is arranged vertically, a driving assembly is arranged on the axis side of the sampling wheel (3), and a sampling slot (31) is arranged above the sampling wheel (3); an auxiliary frame (4) arranged on one side of the column (2), the lower side of the auxiliary frame (4) being fixedly connected to the column (2), the driving assembly being mounted on the side of the auxiliary frame (4), and the supporting frame and the auxiliary frame (4) being both mounted on a workbench (7); A control module (5), the control module (5) being electrically connected to the drive assembly; The control module (5) controls the driving assembly to drive the sampling wheel (3) to rotate, so that the sampling slot (31) enters the interior of the column (2) to collect the sample liquid; The driving component controls the sampling wheel (3) to rotate, moves the sampling slot (31) out of the analysis column (2), and takes out the sample liquid; The side of the column (2) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (23), the arc-shaped groove (23) is vertically provided with a plurality of through holes (21), the through holes (21) are connected to the inside of the column (2), and the sampling wheel (3) is installed at the through holes (21); A heating plate (32) is embedded on the side of the sampling wheel (3) away from the sampling slot (31); It also comprises a heating module, the heating module being electrically connected to the control module (5), and the control module (5) cooperates with the heating module to control the heating plate (32) to heat the reaction liquid; A temperature sensor (33) is arranged on the side of the heating plate (32); the arc length between the side of the heating plate (32) away from the temperature sensor (33) and the temperature sensor (33) does not exceed the arc length of the arc-shaped groove (23); and the temperature sensor (33) is electrically connected to the control module (5); The driving component is a forward and reverse motor (6), and the forward and reverse motor (6) is electrically connected to the control module (5). The control module (5) controls the forward and reverse motor (6) to drive the sampling wheel (3) to rotate forward, so that the sampling slot (31) enters the interior of the analysis column (2), and the heating plate (32) and the temperature sensor (33) are separated from the analysis column (2); The forward and reverse motor (6) is controlled by a control module (5) to drive the sampling wheel (3) to reverse, so that the sampling slot (31) is separated from the analysis column (2), and the heating plate (32) and the temperature sensor (33) enter the interior of the analysis column (2); A cover body (34) is slidably provided above the sampling slot (31); a protrusion (341) is provided above the cover body (34) along the forward rotation direction of the sampling wheel (3); when the sampling wheel (3) rotates forward, the protrusion (341) abuts against the edge of the arc-shaped groove (23) to open the sampling slot (31); and the protrusion (341) is deformed and embedded in the gap between the sampling wheel (3) and the arc-shaped groove (23); The sampling wheel (3) is reversed, and the friction force between the arc-shaped groove (23) and the raised portion (341) controls the cover body (34) to maintain a position state in contact with the arc-shaped groove (23). After the sampling slot (31) is completely closed, the raised portion (341) is separated from the arc-shaped groove (23).

2. The teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the inner edge of the arc-shaped groove (23) and the axis of the column (2) is less than the radius of the column (2).

3. The teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame comprises a support rod (1) inserted on a workbench (7), at least two ring sleeves (11) are vertically arranged on the side of the support rod (1), the ring sleeve (11) comprises two arc-shaped pieces (111) rotatably mounted on the support rod (1), a spring (112) is arranged between the two arc-shaped pieces (111) close to the support rod (1), and the ring sleeve (11) is fitted on the outer ring of the column (2).

4. The teaching experimental device for extracting and concentrating flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary frame (4) comprises a base (41) located below the analysis column (2), an auxiliary rod (42) vertically inserted above the base (41), a mounting rod (43) extending from the side of the auxiliary rod (42), and the forward and reverse motor (6) is fixedly mounted on the mounting rod (43) by means of bolts.

Images