Liquid-cooled cooling plate and power battery with same

Abstract

A liquid-cooled cooling plate comprises a cooling plate body, at least one cooling liquid channel is arranged in the cooling plate body, the cooling liquid channel comprises a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a crotch parting channel communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and the crotch parting channel is a fixed-section equal-resistance channel. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are correspondingly formed in the two sides of the cooling plate body respectively, and the crotch parting channel is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; a plurality of rows of turbulent flow fins are arranged in the branch parting channels in the fluid flowing direction, fins of each row of turbulent flow fins are arranged at intervals, and the fin sections of each row of turbulent flow fins are smaller than the flowing sections of the branch parting channels. The fin type of each turbulent flow fin comprises one or two of an array porous type unit cell structure turbulent flow fin and a three-period tiny curved surface type unit cell structure turbulent flow fin. Compared with a traditional cooling plate, the liquid-cooled cooling plate is better in heat dissipation effect, the battery pack can rapidly dissipate heat, and the temperature, the temperature difference and the system power consumption are lower in the heat dissipation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of electric vehicle battery packs, and in particular to a liquid-cooled cooling plate and a power battery having the liquid-cooled cooling plate. Background Art

[0002] The "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" released by my country in 2020 points out that the development of electric vehicles is a strategic measure for my country to cope with climate change and drive industrial development. The development of new energy vehicles can not only drive the improvement of the entire industry supply chain, thereby driving employment and economic growth, but also drive breakthroughs and rapid development of related technologies in the following industries, namely materials, power batteries, energy storage, etc. In 2023, my country's production and sales of electric vehicles will exceed 9 million units, accounting for more than 60% of the global production and sales.

[0003] The core of electric vehicles lies in the "three-electric" system. The "three-electric" system is divided into batteries, electronic controls and motors. The "three-electric" system accounts for nearly half of the manufacturing cost of the entire electric vehicle. And of this half, batteries account for 80%.

[0004] The most important factor affecting the performance of power batteries is the battery cell. When the temperature difference of the battery cell is higher than 5°C, the battery cell temperature is higher than 40°C and lower than 20°C, the battery may work abnormally. When the battery temperature is lower than the optimal operating temperature, the capacity of the battery pack will decrease and the internal resistance of the battery will increase. When the battery cell temperature deviates from the maximum allowable value, there is a certain probability of thermal runaway. When the thermal runaway phenomenon is severe, it will cause the entire car to burn. The fluid channels of traditional cooling plates are mostly designed with serpentine and parallel structures, which leads to high power consumption and poor heat dissipation, and cannot meet the requirements of rapid heat dissipation of the battery pack. Therefore, it is particularly important to control the battery temperature by designing the cooling plate structure.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, people have been seeking an ideal technical solution. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a liquid-cooled cooling plate and a power battery having the same. The liquid-cooled cooling plate of the present invention has a better heat dissipation effect than a traditional cooling plate, can quickly dissipate heat from the battery pack and has lower temperature, temperature difference and system power consumption during the heat dissipation process.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a liquid-cooled cooling plate, comprising a cooling plate body, wherein at least one cooling liquid channel for cooling liquid to flow is arranged inside the cooling plate body, the cooling liquid channel comprises a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a branch-shaped channel connecting the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, the branch-shaped channel is a constant cross-section equal resistance channel, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively arranged on both sides of the cooling plate body, and the branch-shaped channel is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet;

[0008] Several rows of spoiler fins are arranged along the fluid flow direction in the branch-shaped channel. The fins of each row of spoiler fins are arranged at intervals. The fin cross-section of each row of spoiler fins is smaller than the flow cross-section of the branch-shaped channel. The fin types of each spoiler fin include one or two of array porous cell structure spoiler fins and three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fins.

[0009] Based on the above, the array porous cell structure spoiler fins and the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fins are both made by 3D printing through additive manufacturing technology.

[0010] Based on the above, the array porous cell structure spoiler fins and the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fins are both bonded or welded in the branch parting channel.

[0011] Based on the above, the array porous unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin composed of rod-shaped cylindrical unit cell primitives arranged in a body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0012] Based on the above, the array porous unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin composed of unit cell elements composed of hollow triangular structures and rod-shaped cylinders arranged in a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0013] Based on the above, the three-periodic minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin generated by the mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface. The mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface is:

[0014] sin(2πx)sin(2πy)sin(2πz)+sin(2πx)cos(2πy)cos(2πz)+cos(2πx)sin(2πy)cos(2πz)+cos(2πx)cos(2πy)sin(2πz)=0

[0015] Based on the above, the three-periodic minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin generated by the mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface. The mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface is:

[0016] cos(2πx)+cos(2πy)+cos(2πz)=0.

[0017] The present invention also provides a power battery, comprising a plurality of liquid-cooled cooling plates as described above and a plurality of battery plates, wherein the liquid-cooled cooling plates and the battery plates are alternately stacked to form a battery pack.

[0018] The present invention has outstanding substantive features and significant progress compared to the prior art. Specifically, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] At least one coolant channel for the circulation of coolant is arranged inside the cooling plate body of the present invention. The coolant channel includes a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a branch-shaped channel connecting the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. The branch-shaped channel is a branch-shaped topological structure similar to a tree branch. The branch-shaped channel increases the number of flow channels, which can effectively increase the inlet velocity of the coolant and reduce the inlet temperature of the coolant, thereby significantly reducing the temperature of the battery pack. At the same time, the branch-shaped channel can ensure that the coolant is more evenly distributed, effectively reduce the maximum temperature difference of the battery pack, thereby achieving better temperature distribution uniformity and improving the cooling effect, which not only enhances the performance of the power battery, but also improves its safety; the branch-shaped channel is a fixed-section equal-resistance channel, that is, the branch-shaped channel is designed using the equal-resistance principle, ensuring that the flow resistance from each inlet pipe to the total outlet remains consistent, ensuring the uniform flow of the fluid in the pipeline system, and reducing the local losses caused by uneven flow resistance, thereby helping to reduce the overall flow resistance and lower system power consumption.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of rows of spoiler fins are arranged in the branch parting channel, and the fin types of each spoiler fin include one or two of array porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins and three-period minimal surface crystal cell structure spoiler fins, so that the flow of the coolant inside the branch parting channel is transformed from laminar flow to turbulent flow, achieving efficient heat dissipation while further reducing flow resistance and resistance loss. The advantages of array porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins and three-period minimal surface crystal cell structure spoiler fins are:

[0021] (1) The array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins is a crystal cell structure spoiler fin arranged in a body-centered cubic or face-centered cubic manner, and is a porous structure with relatively large pores. Under the same conditions of coolant properties and inlet parameters, during the operation of the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins, the coolant not only sweeps outwards from the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins, but also passes through the pores of the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins. In this way, the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins can not only produce a Karman vortex street effect and enhance the mixing of the fluid in the wall boundary area and the fluid in the mainstream area, but also the pores of the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins can greatly alleviate the negative pressure in the rear area of ​​the fins. Therefore, the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins can not only enhance the heat transfer performance of the coolant inside the branch parting channel, making the coolant have a stronger heat absorption capacity in the branch parting channel, but also reduce the resistance loss during the flow of the coolant.

[0022] (2) The three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin is a crystal cell structure spoiler fin generated by a three-period minimal surface, which is a thin sheet structure with a middle cavity. Under the same coolant properties and inlet parameters, during the operation of the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin, the coolant not only sweeps outwards of the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin, but also passes through the middle cavity of the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin; similarly, the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin can not only produce the Karman vortex street effect, but also enhance the The mixing of the fluid in the strong wall boundary area and the fluid in the mainstream area, the middle cavity of the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fin can also greatly alleviate the negative pressure in the rear area of ​​the fin, and the thin sheet can effectively promote the thermal conductivity of the branch parting channel. Therefore, the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fin can not only enhance the heat transfer performance of the coolant inside the branch parting channel, making the coolant more absorbing in the branch parting channel, but also reduce the resistance loss during the flow of the coolant, and greatly enhance the solid thermal performance of the branch parting channel.

[0023] In summary, the liquid-cooled cooling plate has a better heat dissipation effect than the traditional cooling plate, can quickly dissipate heat from the battery pack and has lower temperature, temperature difference and system power consumption during the heat dissipation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid-cooled cooling plate of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid-cooled cooling plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a first structural schematic diagram of the array porous cell structure spoiler fin of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4It is a second structural schematic diagram of the array porous cell structure spoiler fin of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a first structural schematic diagram of the three-periodic minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fin of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a second structural schematic diagram of the three-periodic minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fin of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power battery of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Cooling plate body; 2. Liquid inlet; 3. Liquid outlet; 4. Tree-branch type channel; 5. Turbine fins; 6. Array porous cell structure turbulent fins; 7. Three-period minimal surface cell structure turbulent fins; 8. Solar panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific implementation methods.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a liquid-cooled cooling plate comprises a cooling plate body 1, wherein two cooling liquid channels for cooling liquid to circulate are arranged inside the cooling plate body 1, and the two cooling liquid channels are arranged at intervals on the left and right, and each cooling liquid channel comprises a liquid inlet 2, a liquid outlet 3, and a branch-shaped channel 4 connecting the liquid inlet 2 and the liquid outlet 3, and the branch-shaped channel 4 is a constant-section equal-resistance channel, and the liquid inlet 2 and the liquid outlet 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the cooling plate body 1, and the branch-shaped channel 4 is arranged between the liquid inlet 2 and the liquid outlet 3;

[0034] Several rows of spoiler fins 5 are arranged in the branch-shaped channel 4 along the fluid flow direction, the fins of each row of spoiler fins 5 are arranged at intervals, the fin cross-section of each row of spoiler fins 5 is smaller than the flow cross-section of the branch-shaped channel 4, and the fin types of each spoiler fin 5 include one, two or three of array porous cell structure spoiler fins 6 and three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fins 7.

[0035] The structure of the branch profiling channel 4 in this embodiment is similar to the structure of the microchannel array in CN2022115560195.

[0036] Specifically, the array porous unit cell structure spoiler fins 6 and the three-period minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fins 7 are both manufactured by 3D printing using additive manufacturing technology.

[0037] Specifically, the array porous unit cell structure spoiler fins 6 and the three-period minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fins 7 are both bonded or welded in the branch parting channel 4 .

[0038] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the array porous unit cell structure spoiler fin 6 is a unit cell structure spoiler fin composed of rod-shaped cylindrical unit cells arranged in a body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the array porous unit cell structure spoiler fin 6 is a unit cell structure spoiler fin composed of unit cell elements formed by a hollow triangular structure and a rod-shaped cylinder in accordance with the arrangement of a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0040] Specifically, the three-periodic minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fin 7 is a unit cell structure spoiler fin generated by the mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface. The mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface is:

[0041] and Figure 5 The structure in corresponds to;

[0042] or

[0043] cos(2πx)+cos(2πy)+cos(2πz)=0, and Figure 6 The structure corresponds to .

[0044] The present invention further provides a power battery, comprising a plurality of liquid-cooled cooling plates as described above and a plurality of battery plates 8, wherein the liquid-cooled cooling plates and the battery plates 8 are alternately stacked to form a battery pack.

[0045] During operation, the coolant enters the branch-shaped channel 4 inside each liquid-cooled cooling plate from the liquid inlet 2 on each liquid-cooled cooling plate. The branch-shaped channel 4 can effectively increase the inlet velocity of the coolant and reduce the inlet temperature of the coolant, thereby significantly reducing the temperature of the battery pack. At the same time, the branch-shaped channel 4 can ensure that the coolant is distributed more evenly, effectively reducing the maximum temperature difference of the battery pack, thereby achieving better temperature distribution uniformity and improving the cooling effect, which not only enhances the performance of the power battery, but also improves its safety; the branch-shaped channel 4 is a fixed-section equal resistance channel, that is, the branch-shaped channel is designed using the equal resistance principle, ensuring that the flow resistance from each inlet pipe to the total outlet remains consistent, ensuring the uniform flow of the fluid in the pipeline system, and reducing the local losses caused by uneven flow resistance, thereby helping to reduce the overall flow resistance and lower system power consumption.

[0046] Furthermore, when the coolant flows through the spoiler fins 5 in the branch parting channel 4, the heat transfer performance is significantly enhanced, and the heat generated by each battery panel 8 can be effectively taken away. This is because the fin type of each spoiler fin 5 includes one or two of the array porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6 and the three-period minimal surface crystal cell structure spoiler fins 7, which makes the flow of the coolant inside the branch parting channel 4 change from laminar flow to turbulent flow, achieving efficient heat dissipation. At the same time, it further reduces the flow resistance and reduces the resistance loss. The advantages of the array porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6 and the three-period minimal surface crystal cell structure spoiler fins 7 are:

[0047] (1) The array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6 is a crystal cell structure spoiler fin arranged in a body-centered cubic or face-centered cubic manner, and is a porous structure with relatively large pores. Under the conditions that the physical properties of the coolant and the inlet parameters are the same, during the operation of the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6, the coolant not only sweeps outwards of the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6, but also can pass through the pores of the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6; in this way, the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6 can not only produce a Karman vortex street effect and enhance the mixing of the fluid in the wall boundary area and the fluid in the mainstream area, but also the pores of the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6 can greatly alleviate the negative pressure in the rear area of ​​the fins. Therefore, the array of porous crystal cell structure spoiler fins 6 can not only enhance the heat transfer performance of the coolant inside the branch parting channel 4, making the coolant have a stronger heat absorption capacity in the branch parting channel 4, but also reduce the resistance loss during the flow of the coolant.

[0048] (2) The three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin 7 is a crystal cell structure spoiler fin generated by a three-period minimal surface, and is a thin sheet structure with a middle cavity. Under the same coolant properties and inlet parameters, during the operation of the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin 7, the coolant not only sweeps outwards of the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin 7, but also passes through the middle cavity of the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin 7; similarly, the three-period minimal surface type crystal cell structure spoiler fin 7 can not only produce a Karman vortex street effect, but also enhance The mixing of the fluid in the strong wall boundary area and the fluid in the mainstream area, the middle cavity of the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fin 7 can also greatly alleviate the negative pressure in the rear area of ​​the fin, and the thin sheet can effectively promote the thermal conductivity of the branch parting channel 4. Therefore, the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fin 7 can not only enhance the heat transfer performance of the coolant inside the branch parting channel 4, making the coolant in the branch parting channel 4 The heat absorption capacity is stronger, it can also reduce the resistance loss during the flow of the coolant, and greatly enhance the solid thermal performance of the branch parting channel 4.

[0049] In summary, the liquid-cooled cooling plate has a better heat dissipation effect than the traditional cooling plate, can quickly dissipate heat from the battery pack and has lower temperature, temperature difference and system power consumption during the heat dissipation process.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled cooling plate, comprising a cooling plate body, characterized in that: At least one cooling liquid channel for cooling liquid circulation is arranged inside the cooling plate body, and the cooling liquid channel includes a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a branch-shaped channel connecting the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and the branch-shaped channel is a constant cross-section equal resistance channel, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively arranged on both sides of the cooling plate body, and the branch-shaped channel is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; Several rows of spoiler fins are arranged along the fluid flow direction in the branch-shaped channel. The fins of each row of spoiler fins are arranged at intervals. The fin cross-section of each row of spoiler fins is smaller than the flow cross-section of the branch-shaped channel. The fin types of each spoiler fin include one or two of array porous cell structure spoiler fins and three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fins.

2. The liquid-cooled cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array porous cell structure spoiler fins and the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fins are both made by 3D printing using additive manufacturing technology.

3. The liquid-cooled cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array porous cell structure spoiler fins and the three-period minimal surface cell structure spoiler fins are both bonded or welded in the branch parting channel.

4. The liquid-cooled cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array porous unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin composed of rod-shaped cylindrical unit cell primitives arranged in a body-centered cubic lattice structure.

5. The liquid-cooled cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array porous unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin composed of unit cell elements composed of a hollow triangular structure and a rod-shaped cylinder in accordance with the arrangement of a face-centered cubic lattice structure.

6. The liquid-cooled cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-periodic minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin generated by the mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface. The mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface is:

7. The liquid-cooled cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-periodic minimal surface unit cell structure spoiler fin is a unit cell structure spoiler fin generated by the mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface. The mathematical expression of the three-periodic minimal surface is: cos(2πx)+cos(2πy)+cos(2πz)=0.

8. A power battery, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of liquid-cooled cooling plates as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 and a plurality of battery plates, wherein the liquid-cooled cooling plates and the battery plates are alternately stacked to form a battery pack.

Images