Simulation test bed with ditching and seeding functions

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural analysis equipment, in particular to a simulation test bed with ditching and seeding functions. The simulation test bed comprises a soil tank mechanism, a test trolley, a power system, a collection system and a control system, and the soil tank mechanism is provided with a containing tank for storing soil; the test trolley is arranged on the soil bin mechanism and comprises a trolley bracket, and a preparation device, a ditching device and a seeding device which are arranged on the trolley bracket; the preparation device is used for leveling soil, the ditching device is used for digging soil and ditching, and the seeding device is used for spreading seeds; the power system is used for driving the test trolley, the servicing device, the ditching device and the seeding device to operate; the acquisition system is used for acquiring operation data of the test trolley and the power system; the control system is used for controlling operation of the test trolley, the power system and the acquisition system. Machine and tool parts of three links of soil preparation, ditching and sowing are integrated, automatic linkage of ditching and sowing is achieved, the real working state during field operation is simulated, and performance parameters are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural analysis equipment, and more particularly to a simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerated development of modern agriculture, the domestic demand for agricultural machinery technology continues to increase. The soil trough test of agricultural machinery tools is an indispensable part of the research and development of modern agricultural equipment, and is an effective means to evaluate the performance and efficiency of the overall farmland operation machinery and its key working parts. The soil trough test bench is a new equipment testing platform based on various sensors and virtual instrument systems, which can realize the synchronous acquisition and real-time data processing of multiple signals of key performance parameters including speed, distance, speed, torque, tillage depth and sowing hole distance. Compared with traditional field tests, the soil trough test bench has the advantages of not being restricted by time / weather conditions, small parameter differences during repeated tests, high data precision and accuracy, short test cycle, and low test cost.

[0003] However, the existing soil trough test bench has technical deficiencies in the detection of furrowing and sowing, which are two important links in agricultural production. It is of great significance to achieve high-precision control and detection of the whole process. In order to further simulate a more realistic farmland environment and meet the needs of comprehensive and accurate testing, a new design solution is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect (shortcoming) of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions, so as to solve the problem of lack of control and detection in the furrowing and sowing processes of the existing test benches.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions, including: a soil trough mechanism, a test trolley with a holding trough for storing soil, which is movably arranged on the soil trough mechanism, including: a trolley bracket, and a preparation device, a furrowing device, and a sowing device arranged on the trolley bracket; the preparation device is used to level the soil, the furrowing device is used to dig the soil and furrow, and the sowing device is used to scatter seeds; a power system is used to drive the operation of the test trolley, the preparation device, the furrowing device and the sowing device; a collection system is used to collect the operation data of the test trolley and the power system; a control system is used to control the operation of the test trolley, the power system and the collection system.

[0006] The soil trough mechanism includes: a strip-shaped support frame, and the accommodating trough is arranged in the support frame; the top of the support frame is open to form an opening connecting the accommodating trough and the outside; guide rails are provided on both sides of the opening, and the experimental trolley is movably connected to the soil trough mechanism through the guide rails; a drainage hole is provided on one side of the soil trough frame.

[0007] The collection system includes: limit sensors, which are arranged at both ends of the containing groove, and are used to prevent the test trolley from colliding with the soil trough mechanism; a laser speed sensor, which is arranged on the test trolley, and is used to collect the travel speed data of the test trolley; a linear encoder, which is arranged on the test trolley, and is used to collect the linear displacement data of the test trolley.

[0008] The trolley bracket includes: a mobile chassis, and a mounting frame arranged on the mobile chassis, the preparation device is connected to one side of the mobile chassis; the preparation device includes: a scraper blade extending downward into the accommodating groove, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the scraper blade; the ditching device is connected to one side of the mounting frame; the ditching device includes a connecting plate and a ditching structure, and the ditching assembly is connected to the mounting frame through the connecting plate; the connecting plate is arranged above the preparation device, and the ditching structure is arranged on a side of the preparation device away from the mobile chassis and has a gap between the preparation device and the preparation device; the sowing device is arranged on a side of the mounting frame away from the ditching device; the power system is arranged on the mobile chassis.

[0009] The trenching structure includes: a vertical arm, and a trenching knife arranged at the lower end of the vertical arm; a row of adjustment holes arranged at intervals are provided on the vertical arm; the connecting plate is connected to the adjustment holes; a connecting vertical pole is provided on the installation frame, and a vertical installation groove is provided on the vertical pole; one end of the connecting plate is connected to the adjustment hole, and the other end is connected to the installation groove.

[0010] The power system includes: a trolley power system; the trolley power system includes: a trolley motor and a first transmission assembly, the test trolley includes a trolley power shaft, and matching gears are provided at both ends of the trolley power shaft; a guide rack is provided on the guide rail, and the matching gear cooperates with the guide rack; the trolley motor drives the trolley power shaft through the first transmission assembly, and the trolley power shaft moves on the guide rail through the matching gear and the guide rack.

[0011] The trolley motor includes: a first driving shaft, and a first dynamic torque sensor arranged on the first driving shaft; the first transmission assembly includes: a first driving gear arranged on the first driving shaft, a power gear arranged on the trolley power shaft, and a first driven gear respectively connected to the first driving gear and the power gear.

[0012] The power system comprises: a sowing power system, which comprises: a sowing motor and a second transmission assembly; the sowing device comprises a sowing shaft, on which a sowing wheel is provided; the sowing electrode drives the sowing shaft and the sowing wheel to move through the second transmission assembly, thereby controlling the sowing action.

[0013] The seeding electrode includes: a second driving shaft, and a second dynamic torque sensor arranged on the second driving shaft; the second transmission assembly includes: a second driving gear arranged on the second driving shaft; a first driven shaft; a second driven gear arranged on the first driven shaft, the second driven gear is connected to the second driving gear; a first driven sprocket arranged on the first driven shaft; a second driven shaft; a second driven sprocket arranged on the second driven shaft, the second driven sprocket is connected to the first driven sprocket through a first chain; a third driven wheel arranged on the second driven shaft, the third driven wheel is connected to the seeding wheel through a transmission belt.

[0014] The control system includes: a manual control system and an automatic control system; the manual control system will block the operation of the automatic control system after being activated, and the manual control system is used to adjust various parameters; the automatic control system is used to perform automated operations according to preset parameters.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: integrating the machine parts required for the three important links of soil preparation, furrowing and sowing, realizing the automatic linkage of furrowing and sowing, so that the machine parts can simulate the real working state during field operation, and obtain their performance parameters more comprehensively, avoiding the influence of factors such as environment, season, farming time, etc. during field test. At the same time, the scheme takes corresponding measures in terms of waterproofing and rust prevention and extending service life, so that the overall structure of the test bench is simple, stable and reliable, and the test is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the soil trough mechanism in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the test trolley in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the power system in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main interface in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the acquisition system in the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of the reference numerals: soil trough mechanism 1, test trolley 2, power system 3, control system 4, collection system 5, support frame 11, guide rail 12, guide rack 121, first limit reflector 551, second limit reflector 552, trolley bracket 21, preparation device 22, scraper 221, adjustment mechanism 222, furrowing device 23, connecting plate 231, sowing device 24, laser speed sensor 53, linear encoder 54, trolley motor 311, first motor bracket 313, first Dynamic torque sensor 51, first driving shaft 3204, first driving gear 3205, first driven gear 3206, trolley power shaft 3201, matching gear 3202, power gear 3203, sowing motor 312, second motor bracket 314, second dynamic torque sensor 52, second driving shaft 3207, second driving gear 3208, second driven gear 3209, first driven sprocket 3210, second driven sprocket 3211, sowing shaft 3214, sowing wheel 3213. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The drawings of the present invention are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment is a simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions, comprising: a soil trough mechanism 1, provided with a receiving trough for storing soil; a test trolley 2, movably arranged on the soil trough mechanism 1, comprising: a trolley bracket 21, and a preparation device 22, a furrowing device 23, and a sowing device 24 arranged on the trolley bracket 21; the preparation device 22 is used for leveling the soil, the furrowing device 23 is used for digging soil and furrowing, and the sowing device 24 is used for scattering seeds; a power system 3 is used to drive the operation of the test trolley 2, the preparation device 22, the furrowing device 23 and the sowing device 24; a collection system 5 is used to collect the operation data of the test trolley 2 and the power system 3; a control system 4 is used to control the operation of the test trolley 2, the power system 3 and the collection system 5.

[0025] It simulates the trenching and sowing operations in real farmland and tests multiple performance parameters under different environments or with different machines, thus providing the necessary theoretical basis for the design of soil-contacting parts of agricultural machinery.

[0026] like Figure 2As shown, the soil trough mechanism 1 includes: a strip-shaped support frame 11, and the receiving groove is arranged in the support frame 11; the top of the support frame 11 is open to form an opening connecting the receiving groove with the outside; guide rails 12 are provided on both sides of the opening, and the experimental trolley is movably connected to the soil trough mechanism 1 through the guide rails 12; a drainage hole is provided on one side of the soil trough frame.

[0027] In this embodiment, the support frame 11 is an uncovered rectangular parallelepiped frame with a length, width and height of 5.6m×0.6m×0.2m, which is composed of profiles and angle aluminum to ensure the firmness and stability of its structure. The inner side of the support frame 11 is painted to effectively prevent rust. Drain holes are drilled on the left and right sides of the rectangular parallelepiped frame to further connect a drainage device. The drainage hole includes an upper through hole and a lower through hole. The guide rail 12 is a linear guide rail 12.

[0028] The collection system 5 includes: limit sensors, which are arranged at both ends of the containing groove, for preventing the test trolley 2 from colliding with the soil trough mechanism 1; a laser speed sensor 53, which is arranged on the test trolley 2, for collecting the travel speed data of the test trolley 2; a linear encoder 54, which is arranged on the test trolley 2, for collecting the linear displacement data of the test trolley 2.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the trolley bracket 21 includes: a mobile chassis, and a mounting frame arranged on the mobile chassis, the preparation device 22 is connected to one side of the mobile chassis; the preparation device 22 includes: a scraper 221 extending downward into the accommodating groove, and an adjustment mechanism 222 for adjusting the height of the scraper 221; the ditching device 23 is connected to one side of the mounting frame; the ditching device 23 includes a connecting plate 231 and a ditching structure, and the ditching assembly is connected to the mounting frame through the connecting plate 231; the connecting plate 231 is arranged above the preparation device 22, and the ditching structure is arranged on the side of the preparation device 22 away from the mobile chassis and is spaced from the preparation device 22; the sowing device 24 is arranged on the side of the mounting frame away from the ditching device 23; the power system 3 is arranged on the mobile chassis.

[0030] In this embodiment, the installation frame is a rectangular frame with a length, width and height of 0.8m×0.6m×0.6m, and is made of aluminum profile. The preparation device 22 is arranged on one side of a movement direction of the test trolley 2, specifically, the front end face of the installation frame. The adjustment mechanism 222 is a remote control adjustment mechanism 222, and the soil leveling operation can be achieved through the adjustment mechanism 222 and the scraper 221. The sowing device 24 is installed on the rear end face of the installation frame by bolts, and the sowing device 24 can realize precise control of seed distribution. The limit sensor is a limit reflector, specifically including a first limit reflector 551 and a second limit reflector 552.

[0031] The trenching structure includes: a vertical arm, and a trenching knife arranged at the lower end of the vertical arm; a row of adjustment holes arranged at intervals are arranged on the vertical arm; the connecting plate 231 is connected to the adjustment hole; a connecting pole is arranged on the installation frame, and a vertical installation groove is arranged on the pole. One end of the connecting plate 231 is connected to the adjustment hole, and the other end is connected to the installation groove. Through the design of the adjustment hole, the installation groove and the connecting plate 231, the test bench can adapt to the planting needs of different crops and soil conditions.

[0032] The power system 3 includes: a trolley power system 3; the trolley power system 3 includes: a trolley motor 311 and a first transmission assembly, the test trolley 2 includes a trolley power shaft 3201, and both ends of the trolley power shaft 3201 are provided with matching gears 3202; a guide rack 121 is provided on the guide rail 12, and the matching gear 3202 cooperates with the guide rack 121; the trolley motor 311 drives the trolley power shaft 3201 through the first transmission assembly, and the trolley power shaft 3201 moves on the guide rail 12 through the matching gear 3202 and the guide rack 121. The guide rack 121 is used to guide the test trolley 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, the trolley motor 311 is a servo motor, which is used to control the running speed of the test trolley 2, as well as the forward and reverse, acceleration and deceleration movements. It is fixed to the test vehicle through the first motor bracket 313. The trolley power system 3 is used to set the trolley's running distance, jog speed, acceleration and deceleration time, forward speed, acceleration distance, number of reciprocating movements and sine wave period. It has six motion modes: forward / reverse running, forward / reverse reciprocating, and positive / inverse sine running.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the trolley motor 311 includes: a first driving shaft 3204, and a first dynamic torque sensor 51 arranged on the first driving shaft 3204; the first transmission assembly includes: a first driving gear 3205 arranged on the first driving shaft 3204, a power gear 3203 arranged on the trolley power shaft 3201, and a first driven gear 3206 respectively connected to the first driving gear 3205 and the power gear 3203.

[0035] The power system 3 comprises: a sowing power system 3, the sowing power system 3 comprises: a sowing motor 312 and a second transmission assembly;

[0036] The sowing device 24 includes a sowing shaft 3214, and a sowing wheel 3213 is provided on the sowing shaft 3214; the sowing electrode drives the sowing shaft 3214 and the sowing wheel 3213 to move through the second transmission assembly, thereby controlling the sowing action.

[0037] In this embodiment, the sowing motor 312 is a servo motor, which is used to control the sowing speed of the sowing device 24 . The sowing motor 312 is fixed to the test vehicle through a second motor bracket 314 .

[0038] The sowing motor 312 includes: a second driving shaft 3207, and a second dynamic torque sensor 52 disposed on the second driving shaft 3207;

[0039] The second transmission assembly includes: a second driving gear 3208 arranged on a second driving shaft 3207; a first driven shaft; a second driven gear 3209 arranged on the first driven shaft, and the second driven gear 3209 is connected to the second driving gear 3208; a first driven sprocket 3210 arranged on the first driven shaft; a second driven shaft; a second driven sprocket 3211 arranged on the second driven shaft, and the second driven sprocket 3211 is connected to the first driven sprocket 3210 through a first chain; and a third driven wheel arranged on the second driven shaft, and the third driven wheel is connected to the seeding wheel 3213 through a transmission belt.

[0040] The sowing power system 3 is used to set the running speed, running distance and inching speed of the sowing device. It has two movement modes: forward / reverse running and forward / reverse inching function.

[0041] It also includes a backup control system 4, which is used to set the backup running speed, backup running distance and backup jogging speed. It has two motion modes: forward / reverse running. It has forward / reverse jogging function. It can be used as a backup power source under emergency or specific test conditions. It enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the test bench.

[0042] The control system 4 includes: a manual control system 4 and an automatic control system 4; the manual control system 4 will block the operation of the automatic control system 4 when activated, and the manual control system 4 is used to adjust various parameters. The automatic control system 4 is used to perform automated operations according to preset parameters.

[0043] In this embodiment, the manual control system 4 includes an operating rocker for controlling the advancement of the test bench. This solution integrates multiple control systems 4, which independently control the trolley servo motor, the seeder servo motor and the spare servo motor. The control system 4 is constructed using LabVIEW software, integrating the two cores of the main interface display and the servo motor control. The main interface panel is responsible for providing a user interaction interface to realize functions such as test mode selection, monitoring and data recording; the servo motor control is responsible for realizing the test parameter setting and realizing precise control of the trolley servo motor, the seeder servo motor, and even the spare servo motor.

[0044] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the acquisition system 5 includes a computer for data acquisition, and a main interface panel with a touch screen. The main interface displays the dynamic change curves of the seeder torque, trolley torque, seeder speed and trolley speed in real time, and the data acquisition and control buttons are convenient for users to record and interrupt the test process at any time. Safety function buttons such as emergency stop alarm and grating alarm are set, as well as right safety switch, left safety switch, right deceleration point, left deceleration point, right origin, left origin and other control buttons to ensure the safe operation and precise control of the test bench. Two modes are provided: independent control of the seeder and movement of the seeder with the trolley to meet different test requirements. In addition, six test modes are supported, including continuous forward / reverse motion, sinusoidal forward / reverse motion, and reciprocating forward / reverse motion. Users can flexibly choose according to actual needs; setting the seeder hole spacing and the number of rows of holes can further ensure the flexibility and accuracy of the test.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions, characterized in that: include: A soil trough mechanism is provided with a receiving trough for storing soil; A test trolley is movably arranged on the soil trough mechanism, comprising: a trolley bracket, and a preparation device, a furrowing device, and a sowing device arranged on the trolley bracket; the preparation device is used to level the soil, the furrowing device is used to dig the soil and furrow, and the sowing device is used to spread seeds; Power system, used to drive the test trolley, preparation device, furrowing device and sowing device; The acquisition system is used to collect the operating data of the test bench and the power system; Control system, used to control the operation of the test bench, power system and acquisition system.

2. A simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil trough mechanism comprises: a strip-shaped support frame, and the receiving trough is arranged in the support frame; The upper part of the support frame is open to form an opening connecting the receiving groove with the outside; Guide rails are provided on both sides of the opening, and the experimental trolley is movably connected to the soil trough mechanism through the guide rails; A drainage hole is provided on one side of the soil trough frame.

3. A simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition system comprises: Limit sensors are arranged at both ends of the accommodating groove to prevent the test trolley from colliding with the soil groove mechanism; A laser speed sensor is installed on the test bench to collect the travel speed data of the test bench; The linear encoder is installed on the test rig and is used to collect the linear displacement data of the test rig.

4. The simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley support comprises: a mobile chassis and a mounting frame arranged on the mobile chassis. The preparation device is connected to one side of the mobile chassis; the preparation device includes: a scraper blade extending downward into the receiving groove, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the scraper blade; The trenching device is connected to one side of the installation frame; the trenching device includes a connecting plate and a trenching structure, and the trenching assembly is connected to the installation frame through the connecting plate; the connecting plate is arranged above the preparation device, and the trenching structure is arranged on a side of the preparation device away from the mobile chassis and a gap is left between the preparation device and the trenching structure; The sowing device is arranged on a side of the installation frame away from the furrowing device; The power system is arranged on the mobile chassis.

5. The simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trenching structure comprises: a vertical arm, and a trenching knife arranged at the lower end of the vertical arm; a row of adjustment holes arranged at intervals are arranged on the vertical arm; and the connecting plate is connected to the adjustment holes; The installation frame is provided with a connecting vertical pole, the vertical pole is provided with a vertical installation groove, one end of the connecting plate is connected to the adjusting hole, and the other end is connected to the installation groove.

6. A simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The power system comprises: a trolley power system; the trolley power system comprises: a trolley motor and a first transmission assembly, the test trolley comprises a trolley power shaft, and both ends of the trolley power shaft are provided with matching gears; The guide rail is provided with a guide rack, and the matching gear cooperates with the guide rack; The trolley motor drives the trolley power shaft through the first transmission assembly, and the trolley power shaft moves on the guide rail through the matching gear and the guide rack.

7. The simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The trolley motor includes: a first driving shaft, and a first dynamic torque sensor arranged on the first driving shaft; The first transmission assembly includes: a first driving gear arranged on the first driving shaft, a power gear arranged on the trolley power shaft, and a first driven gear respectively connected to the first driving gear and the power gear.

8. A simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The power system comprises: a sowing power system, and the sowing power system comprises: a sowing motor and a second transmission assembly; The sowing device comprises a sowing shaft, and a sowing wheel is provided on the sowing shaft; The sowing motor drives the sowing shaft and the sowing wheel to move through the second transmission assembly, thereby controlling the sowing action.

9. The simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sowing motor includes: a second driving shaft, and a second dynamic torque sensor arranged on the second driving shaft; The second transmission assembly comprises: A second driving gear disposed on the second driving shaft; A first driven shaft; a second driven gear disposed on the first driven shaft, the second driven gear being connected to the second driving gear; a first driven sprocket disposed on the first driven shaft; A second driven shaft; A second driven sprocket is arranged on the second driven shaft, and the second driven sprocket is connected to the first driven sprocket through a first chain; a third driven wheel is arranged on the second driven shaft, and the third driven wheel is connected to the seeding wheel through a transmission belt.

10. A simulation test bench with furrowing and sowing functions according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The control system includes: a manual control system and an automatic control system; The manual control system will block the operation of the automatic control system after being activated, and the manual control system is used to adjust various parameters; The automatic control system is used to perform automated operations according to preset parameters.

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