Road rock slope ecological restoration vegetation spray irrigation maintenance method

Abstract

The invention discloses a highway rock slope ecological restoration vegetation spray irrigation maintenance method, and relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, and the method comprises the following specific steps: 1, construction preparation; 2, pipe burying ditch construction is conducted, specifically, pipe burying ditches are formed in the slope top, the slope surface and the slope bottom, a main water pipe is transversely buried in the slope top, a plurality of distribution pipes are buried in parallel along the slope surface, the top ends of the distribution pipes are connected with the main water pipe through three-way connectors, and each distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of vertically-arranged atomization nozzles at equal intervals from top to bottom; 3, a central controller is arranged, the central controller is electrically connected with the gasoline water pump, the water purifier and the atomization nozzle, and the central controller is further in interactive connection with a remote control terminal; 4, water supply sprinkling irrigation is conducted on slope vegetation. According to the highway rock slope ecological restoration vegetation spray irrigation maintenance method, the survival rate and the growth quality of slope vegetation can be effectively improved, the stability of the slope is ensured, meanwhile, water resources can be saved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, in particular to a vegetation sprinkler irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of highway rock slopes. Background Art

[0002] Artificial vegetation reconstructed on rock slopes is different from the natural vegetation that has grown for a long time on them, and is even more different from ordinary garden vegetation on the ground or soil slopes. The construction and maintenance of artificial vegetation on rock slopes have their own particularities. In recent years, the construction of rock slope vegetation has increased both at home and abroad, but there are few reports on the maintenance and management of newly-planted vegetation on rock slopes. Maintenance and management is one of the important links that determine whether newly-planted vegetation on slopes can survive, grow, achieve sustainable development, and present a good landscape.

[0003] The rock and soil types and geological conditions of the slopes are complex. Most of them are located on the edge of mountains. There are strong winds and abundant rainfall, but the evaporation is also large and droughts occur from time to time. All of these have created certain difficulties for the implementation of slope greening projects. The current irrigation model consumes a lot of water, has high irrigation costs, and is prone to soil erosion. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for sprinkler irrigation and maintenance of vegetation for ecological restoration of highway rock slopes, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for ecological restoration of highway rock slope vegetation sprinkler irrigation maintenance, comprising the following specific steps:

[0006] Step 1: Construction preparation, set up a safety protection zone, prohibit pedestrians and vehicles from passing near the construction site, define the safety protection zone, and set up construction signs at both ends of the construction site;

[0007] Step 2: Pipe trench construction. Pipe trenches are opened on the top, surface and bottom of the slope. The width of the buried trench is 6-15cm and the depth is 15-25cm. The main water pipe is buried horizontally on the top of the slope. The main water pipe is a PE pipe with a diameter of 40-60mm. Several distribution pipes are buried parallel to the slope surface. The top is connected to the main water pipe through a three-way joint. The distribution pipe is a PE pipe with a diameter of 10-20mm. The interval between adjacent distribution pipes is 1.5-2m. Each distribution pipe is equidistantly installed with multiple vertically set atomizing nozzles from top to bottom. The interval between the atomizing nozzles is 1-1.5m.

[0008] Step 3: Establish a central controller, which is electrically connected to the gasoline water pump, water purifier, and atomizing nozzle. The central controller is also interactively connected to a remote control terminal, wherein the remote control terminal is provided with an input unit, and specifies a corresponding sprinkler irrigation plan according to the input parameters;

[0009] Step 4: Water the slope vegetation with sprinkler irrigation. The specific time for sprinkler irrigation is as follows:

[0010] From mid-June to late September each year, watering is done in the morning and evening, specifically before 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m., with a single watering time of 4-6 minutes, 8-12 times a day;

[0011] Watering is done during the noon period from early October to early June of the following year, specifically between 11 a.m. and 2 p.m., with a single spraying time of 4-10 minutes, 8-12 times a day;

[0012] Step 5: For the parts missed by the sprinkler irrigation system, artificial filling watering should be adopted, and the filling watering should be timely and appropriate; if bald spots or slope protection layer fall off during maintenance, effective measures should be taken in time to repair them;

[0013] Step 6: During the sprinkler irrigation process, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, rainfall sensor and the water consumption of the sprinkler irrigation on that day are recorded respectively to establish a comparison database;

[0014] Step 7: Adjust the sprinkler irrigation plan according to the progress of slope vegetation restoration, and repeat steps 4 and 5;

[0015] Step 8: After the ecological restoration of the slope is completed, restore to the initial sprinkler irrigation mode.

[0016] Optionally, the middle part of the main water pipe is connected to the water storage tank through a gasoline water pump and a water purifier, and a temperature sensor and a rainfall sensor are installed at the other end of the main water pipe. A humidity sensor buried in the soil for detecting water content is also installed at the bottom of the main water pipe.

[0017] Optionally, the spraying range of the atomizing nozzle is a circle with a radius of 1.2-1.5m.

[0018] Optionally, the input unit is used to establish the parameters of the sprinkler irrigation mode and the slope environment, wherein the parameters include the initial state of the slope vegetation, the regional altitude, the regional climate, and the type of slope vegetation.

[0019] Optionally, the formulation of the sprinkler irrigation scheme is as follows:

[0020] (1) Setting the judgment item according to the temperature value;

[0021] The initial set temperature range is 18-26℃, the single sprinkler irrigation time is 5 minutes, 10 times a day, and the sprinkler irrigation time and frequency are increased or decreased according to the difference between the actual temperature collected by the temperature sensor and the set temperature;

[0022] (2) Setting judgment items according to soil moisture content;

[0023] The initial set temperature range is 55-65%, the single sprinkler irrigation time is 4-10 minutes, 8-12 times a day, and the sprinkler irrigation time and frequency are increased or decreased according to the difference between the actual moisture content collected by the humidity sensor and the set moisture content;

[0024] (3) Setting the judgment items according to the rainfall value of the day;

[0025] The initial setting rainfall is 0.0mm, the single sprinkler irrigation duration is 5min, and 12 times a day;

[0026] The actual precipitation is 0.1-25.0mm, the duration of a single sprinkler irrigation is 4 minutes, 8 times a day;

[0027] If the actual precipitation is greater than 25.0 mm, stop sprinkler irrigation.

[0028] The present invention provides a highway rock slope ecological restoration vegetation sprinkler irrigation maintenance method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The vegetation sprinkler irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of highway rock slopes adopts atomized sprinkler irrigation to maintain and replenish water for the vegetation on the slope, thereby reducing nutrient loss caused by water scouring and evaporation. In addition, atomized sprinkler irrigation can also control the irrigation intensity and frequency, and perform precise irrigation according to the water demand and growth stage of the slope ecology to avoid the problem of soil salinization caused by excessive irrigation. Maintenance personnel can also use this method to replenish vegetation nutrient solution, so that water and nutrient solution can be more evenly distributed on the vegetation, reducing nutrient loss; and this method avoids excessive irrigation during long-term use, thereby realizing water resource conservation. At the same time, the sprinkler irrigation operation can strictly control soil moisture, so that the soil moisture is maintained in the most suitable range for slope ecological growth, greatly improving the effect of slope ecological restoration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] A method for ecological restoration of highway rock slope vegetation by sprinkler irrigation and maintenance, comprising the following specific steps:

[0032] Step 1: Construction preparation, set up a safety protection zone, prohibit pedestrians and vehicles from passing near the construction site, define the safety protection zone, and set up construction signs at both ends of the construction site;

[0033] Step 2: Pipe trench construction. Pipe trenches are opened on the top, surface and bottom of the slope. The width of the buried trench is 6-15cm and the depth is 15-25cm. The main water pipe is buried horizontally on the top of the slope. The main water pipe is a PE pipe with a diameter of 40-60mm. Several distribution pipes connected to the main water pipe through a three-way joint are buried parallel to the slope. The distribution pipes are PE pipes with a diameter of 10-20mm. The interval between adjacent distribution pipes is 1.5-2m. Each distribution pipe is equidistantly installed with multiple vertically set atomizing nozzles from top to bottom. The interval between the atomizing nozzles is 1-1.5m. The middle part of the main water pipe is connected to the water storage barrel through a gasoline water pump and a water purifier. The other end of the main water pipe is installed with a temperature sensor and a rainfall sensor. The bottom of the main water pipe is also installed with a humidity sensor buried in the soil to detect the water content.

[0034] Step 3: Establish a central controller, which is electrically connected to the gasoline water pump, water purifier, and atomizing nozzle. The central controller is also interactively connected to a remote control terminal, wherein the remote control terminal is provided with an input unit, and specifies a corresponding sprinkler irrigation plan according to the input parameters;

[0035] Step 4: Water the slope vegetation with sprinkler irrigation. The specific time for sprinkler irrigation is as follows:

[0036] From mid-June to late September each year, watering is done in the morning and evening, specifically before 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m., with a single watering time of 4-6 minutes, 8-12 times a day;

[0037] Watering is done during the noon period from early October to early June of the following year, specifically between 11 a.m. and 2 p.m., with a single spraying time of 4-10 minutes, 8-12 times a day;

[0038] Step 5: For the parts missed by the sprinkler irrigation system, artificial filling watering should be adopted, and the filling watering should be timely and appropriate; if bald spots or slope protection layer fall off during maintenance, effective measures should be taken in time to repair them;

[0039] Step 6: During the sprinkler irrigation process, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, rainfall sensor and the water consumption of the sprinkler irrigation on that day are recorded respectively to establish a comparison database;

[0040] Step 7: Adjust the sprinkler irrigation plan according to the progress of slope vegetation restoration, and repeat steps 4 and 5;

[0041] Step 8: After the ecological restoration of the slope is completed, restore to the initial sprinkler irrigation mode.

[0042] Test example 1: There is a 31.6km long rock slope on one side of a highway in Jiangxi. This method is used to repair the slope with sprinkler irrigation. Multiple sprinkler irrigation systems are built in units of 200m. The rock slope is located between the cols. The annual rainfall in previous years was 1392mm. The annual average temperature is 23℃, and the estimated repair time is 9 months.

[0043] The specific time for sprinkler irrigation is as follows:

[0044] From late June to late September each year, watering is carried out in the morning and evening, specifically from 16:30 to 10:00 the next morning, with a single spraying time of 6 minutes, 10 times a day;

[0045] Watering is done during the noon period from early October to mid-June of the following year, specifically between 11 a.m. and 2:30 p.m., with a single spraying time of 6 minutes, 12 times a day;

[0046] The specific formulation of the sprinkler irrigation plan is as follows:

[0047] (1) The initial setting temperature is 23°C;

[0048] (2) The initial soil moisture content is set to 60%;

[0049] (3) When the precipitation is between 0.1 and 25.0 mm, the duration of a single sprinkler irrigation is 4 minutes, and the irrigation is carried out 8 times a day. If the actual precipitation is greater than 25.0 mm, sprinkler irrigation is stopped.

[0050] The repair observation results are as follows:

[0051] Planting time (d) 1 month later 2 months later 3 months later 6 months later 9 months later Coverage (%) 58.9 72.8 77.1 89.3 95.7

[0052] During this period, the slope vegetation grew well, the vegetation coverage rate reached 95%, and the average daily maintenance water consumption was 9,800 ml per square meter.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of vegetation by sprinkler irrigation on highway rock slopes, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Construction preparation, set up a safety protection zone, prohibit pedestrians and vehicles from passing near the construction site, define the safety protection zone, and set up construction signs at both ends of the construction site; Step 2: Pipe trench construction. Pipe trenches are opened on the top, surface and bottom of the slope. The width of the buried trench is 6-15cm and the depth is 15-25cm. The main water pipe is buried horizontally on the top of the slope. The main water pipe is a PE pipe with a diameter of 40-60mm. Several distribution pipes are buried parallel to the slope surface. The top is connected to the main water pipe through a three-way joint. The distribution pipe is a PE pipe with a diameter of 10-20mm. The interval between adjacent distribution pipes is 1.5-2m. Each distribution pipe is equidistantly installed with multiple vertically set atomizing nozzles from top to bottom. The interval between the atomizing nozzles is 1-1.5m. Step 3: Establish a central controller, which is electrically connected to the gasoline water pump, water purifier, and atomizing nozzle. The central controller is also interactively connected to a remote control terminal, wherein the remote control terminal is provided with an input unit, and specifies a corresponding sprinkler irrigation plan according to the input parameters; Step 4: Water the slope vegetation with sprinkler irrigation. The specific time for sprinkler irrigation is as follows: From mid-June to late September each year, watering is done in the morning and evening, specifically before 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m., with a single watering time of 4-6 minutes, 8-12 times a day; Watering is done during the noon period from early October to early June of the following year, specifically between 11 a.m. and 2 p.m., with a single spraying time of 4-10 minutes, 8-12 times a day; Step 5: For the parts missed by the sprinkler irrigation system, artificial filling watering should be adopted, and the filling watering should be timely and appropriate; if bald spots or slope protection layer fall off during maintenance, effective measures should be taken in time to repair them; Step 6: During the sprinkler irrigation process, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, rainfall sensor and the water consumption of the sprinkler irrigation on that day are recorded respectively to establish a comparison database; Step 7: Adjust the sprinkler irrigation plan according to the progress of slope vegetation restoration, and repeat steps 4 and 5; Step 8: After the ecological restoration of the slope is completed, restore to the initial sprinkler irrigation mode.

2. A method for ecological restoration of highway rock slope vegetation by sprinkler irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the main water pipe is connected with the water storage barrel through a gasoline water pump and a water purifier. A temperature sensor and a rainfall sensor are installed at the other end of the main water pipe. A humidity sensor buried in the soil for detecting water content is also installed at the bottom of the main water pipe.

3. A method for ecological restoration of highway rock slope vegetation by sprinkler irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying range of the atomizing nozzle is a circle with a radius of 1.2-1.5m.

4. The method for ecological restoration of highway rock slope vegetation by sprinkler irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input unit is used to set up the parameters of the sprinkler irrigation mode and the slope environment, wherein the parameters include the initial state of the slope vegetation, the regional altitude, the regional climate, and the type of the slope vegetation.

5. The method for ecological restoration of highway rock slope vegetation by sprinkler irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific formulation of the sprinkler irrigation plan is as follows: (1) Setting the judgment item according to the temperature value; The initial set temperature range is 18-26℃, the single sprinkler irrigation time is 5 minutes, 10 times a day, and the sprinkler irrigation time and frequency are increased or decreased according to the difference between the actual temperature collected by the temperature sensor and the set temperature; (2) Setting judgment items according to soil moisture content; The initial set temperature range is 55-65%, the single sprinkler irrigation time is 4-10 minutes, 8-12 times a day, and the sprinkler irrigation time and frequency are increased or decreased according to the difference between the actual moisture content collected by the humidity sensor and the set moisture content; (3) Setting the judgment items according to the rainfall value of the day; The initial setting rainfall is 0.0mm, the single sprinkler irrigation duration is 5min, and 12 times a day; The actual precipitation is 0.1-25.0mm, the duration of a single sprinkler irrigation is 4 minutes, 8 times a day; If the actual precipitation is greater than 25.0 mm, stop sprinkler irrigation.