A laser opening and shelling machine for pecans

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated machine for laser opening and shelling pecans, comprising a frame, a laser opening device, a feeding device, a conveying device, and a shelling device. Under the action of gravity, the pecans transported to the top of the feeding conveyor belt slide down and enter the conveying conveyor belt. Curved blocking pieces are provided on both sides of the starting end of the conveying conveyor belt to prevent the pecans from falling. The pecans are transported to the bottom of the laser nozzle by the conveyor belt, and are squeezed in the vertical direction along the lines of the laser cutting opening to produce expected cracks, thereby preventing the nuts from being crushed by subsequent squeezing and shelling. A belt-driven gear-shaped disc is provided on the right side of the shelling device to make the shelling component rotate counterclockwise, and an adaptive gear-shaped disc is provided on the left side, and a spring is assembled on the inside. The gap between the two squeezing discs is adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the large and small springs under the adaptive squeezing disc shaft to achieve adaptive adjustment. Finally, the pecans are moved and dropped into a collection box under the action of the conveying conveyor belt. The shells are cracked by opposite squeezing, and the use effect is excellent and the applicability is strong.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to agricultural product primary processing machinery, in particular to a laser opening and shelling pecan all-in-one machine. Background Art

[0002] Pecans, also known as thin-shelled pecans, long pecans, and American pecans, are known for their delicious, fragrant, sweet, and nutritious kernels. They are large, thin-shelled, and have a high kernel yield. Over 90% of the kernel is unsaturated fatty acids, superior to olive oil, and has been shown to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Pecans are also rich in protein, amino acids, and vitamins, making them highly nutritious. Also known as the "longevity fruit," pecans can nourish the kidneys and brain, replenish qi, lower cholesterol, nourish the brain, and enhance beauty. In recent years, pecan cultivation has become a successful "one acre of land, ten thousand yuan" model promoted in many regions. A single planting yields long-term returns, and the continuously expanding planting area effectively increases farmers' incomes. However, pecan production in its native United States is largely mechanized, while in my country, the level of mechanization is very low. China is a major consumer of pecans, requiring nearly 50,000 tons of nuts to be imported annually using foreign exchange. This has forced the pecan industry to implement mechanization, a significant bottleneck in its development. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a laser-shelled pecan nut cracking machine. This machine utilizes laser opening and is equipped with a laser frequency regulator, allowing for adjustable laser frequencies to crack the pecans. The extrusion mechanism utilizes a rough disc mechanism, driven by a motor, while the other extrusion disc is spring-adaptive. As pecans pass by, the rotating extrusion disc rotates, pressing the pecans toward the other extrusion disc. This other extrusion disc is connected to a spring frame via a spring, and the lower groove is also equipped with a spring. As the pecans are squeezed, the extrusion spacing is automatically adjusted based on the size of the pecans, achieving an adaptive effect and cracking the shells of already opened pecans.

[0004] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted is:

[0005] A laser opening and shelling machine for pecans comprises a frame, a laser workbench and a collecting box, as well as a laser opening device, a feeding device, a conveying device and a shelling device; the feeding device is installed and connected to the conveying device, the top of the conveying device is connected to the frame, the laser opening device is fixedly installed on the frame above the conveying device, and the shelling device is installed and connected at the end of the conveying device.

[0006] As an optimal technical solution, the pecan conveying belt includes a pecan elastic groove body, and a laser absorption ultra-black coating belt is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the groove of the pecan elastic groove body. A diffuse scattering straight prism grating is horizontally installed on the inner side of the laser absorption ultra-black coating belt, and a total reflection oblique prism grating is vertically installed. Laser absorption ultra-black water material is filled between the diffuse scattering straight prism grating and the total reflection oblique prism grating. Diffuse scattering prism grating fragments are deposited on the bottom of the laser absorption ultra-black water material, and the upper surface of the laser absorption ultra-black water material is covered with a full-transmission protection prism grating.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the laser-absorbing ultra-black water material includes the following components in weight percentage: 10-20% solid absorbent, 30-50% liquid absorbent, and the balance is alcohol with an ethanol concentration of 30-50%. The solid absorbent is at least one of carbon black powder, graphite powder, ultra-black ceramic powder, and silicon carbonitride powder. The liquid absorbent is at least one of ink and water-based black paint.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the laser opening device includes a laser frequency modulator, a carbon dioxide laser tube, and a carbon dioxide laser nozzle. The carbon dioxide laser nozzle is fixedly installed on the frame, and the laser frequency modulator and the carbon dioxide laser tube are fixed on the laser workbench. The conveyor belt transports the pecans to the bottom of the carbon dioxide laser. The laser nozzle emits laser light to cut the pecans in the long diameter direction to prevent subsequent squeezing and shelling to damage the kernels. When the pecans pass by, the laser cutting allows them to be squeezed along the laser-cut lines when they move to the back to break the shell.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the feeding device includes a feeding conveyor belt baffle, a feeding conveyor belt, and a feeding funnel. The feeding funnel is installed above the feeding conveyor belt. The feeding conveyor belt baffle is installed on the feeding conveyor belt. After the pecans are poured in, the pecans can slide onto the feeding conveyor belt through two staggered baffles. The feeding conveyor belt is connected to the conveying device.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, one side of the feed conveyor belt is installed and connected to the feed funnel, and the other side is installed and connected to the conveyor belt of the conveying device. The feed conveyor belt is directly connected to the baffle located on the conveyor belt; the conveying device includes a baffle, a conveyor belt, and a pecan conveyor belt. The pecan conveyor belt is installed and connected to the conveyor belt, and the baffles are fixedly installed on both sides of the pecan conveyor belt on the conveyor belt and are located below the feeding device.

[0011] As an optimal technical solution, the shell breaking device includes a large spring, a small spring, a spring frame, an adaptive extrusion plate, a base, a spring groove, a large pulley, a V-belt, a rotating extrusion plate, a small pulley, and an electric motor. The adaptive extrusion plate and the rotating extrusion plate are both mounted on two rotating shafts of different sizes, and the rotating shafts are distributed on both sides of the base.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the gap between the adaptive extrusion disk and the rotating extrusion disk is adjusted by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the large springs and small springs on both sides of the adaptive extrusion disk, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the adaptive extrusion disk and the rotating extrusion disk. An electric motor is fixedly installed on one side of the base, and a small pulley is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the motor. A large pulley is sleeved on the top of the rotating extrusion disk. The shelling movement is completed through the interaction between the two extrusion disks on the pecans.

[0013] As an optimal technical solution, the large pulley and the small pulley are connected by a V-belt drive, and the motor drives the rotating extrusion disk to rotate at a rotational angular velocity ratio of 3:2 through the large pulley and the small pulley. The adaptive extrusion disk and the rotating extrusion disk are installed with a rough protrusion structure that rotates evenly distributed.

[0014] As an optimal technical solution, the adaptive extrusion disk is installed and connected to the spring frame, the spring frame is fixedly installed above the base, the spring groove is opened on the base, a large spring is installed on the spring frame, and a small spring is installed in the spring groove. The adaptive extrusion disk is installed and connected to the spring frame through the large spring.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. The laser shelling machine proposed by the present invention has uniformly spaced baffles distributed on the feeding conveyor belt, which allows the pecans to be arranged in an orderly manner and fed into the conveyor belt. The belt above the conveyor belt then feeds the pecans into the laser shelling device in an orderly manner. When the pecans pass through the laser nozzle, the laser cuts the pecans, and when they move to the back to shell, the rotating extrusion disk in the shelling device squeezes them perpendicularly along the lines of the laser cut, producing the desired cracks and protecting the kernels from being crushed.

[0017] 2. The present invention proposes a laser-opening pecan shell-breaking machine. The extrusion discs include a rotating extrusion disc and an adaptive extrusion disc. The two extrusion discs are mounted on two different rotating shafts, which are respectively distributed on both sides of the base. Since pecans vary in size, the extrusion forces generated when they are squeezed vary. The gap between the two extrusion discs is adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the spring under the adaptive extrusion disc shaft, achieving adaptive adjustment to prevent large pecans from being crushed by excessive extrusion pressure, thereby improving the convenience, versatility and practicality of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a laser opening and shelling pecan machine proposed in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser opening axis side structure of a laser opening pecan shelling machine proposed in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding device structure of a laser opening and shelling pecan machine proposed in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying components of the laser opening and shelling pecan machine proposed in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extrusion device of the laser opening and shelling pecan machine proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pecan conveyor belt structure of the laser opening and shelling pecan machine proposed in the present invention;

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Frame; 2. Laser opening parts; 3. Feeding parts; 4. Conveying parts; 5. Shell breaking parts;

[0026] 21. Laser frequency modulator; 22. Laser tube; 23. Laser nozzle;

[0027] 31. Feed conveyor belt baffle; 32. Feed conveyor belt; 33. Feed funnel;

[0028] 41. Baffle; 42. Conveyor belt; 43. Pecan conveyor belt;

[0029] 431. Card fruit elastic groove body; 432. Laser absorption ultra-black coating strip; 433. Diffuse scattering straight prism grating; 434. Total reflection oblique prism grating; 435. Laser absorption ultra-black water material; 436. Diffuse scattering prism grating fragments; 437. Total transmission protection prism grating;

[0030] 51. Large spring; 52. Small spring; 53. Spring frame; 54. Adaptive extrusion plate; 55. Base; 56. Spring slot; 57. Large pulley; 58. V-belt; 59. Rotating extrusion plate; 510. Small pulley; 511. Motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described and illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Example 1:

[0034] See also Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling machine for pecans includes a frame 1, a laser workbench and a collection box, and also includes a laser opening device 2, a feeding device 3, a conveying device 4, and a shelling device 5; the feeding device 3 is installed and connected to the conveying device 4, and the conveying device 4 is connected to the frame 1 above. The laser opening device 2 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 above the conveying device 4, and the shelling device 5 is installed at the end of the conveying device 4.

[0035] See also Figure 2 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling machine for pecans is provided. The laser opening device 2 includes a laser frequency modulator 21, a carbon dioxide laser tube 22, and a carbon dioxide laser nozzle 23. The carbon dioxide laser nozzle 23 is fixedly mounted on a frame 1, and the laser frequency modulator 21 and the carbon dioxide laser tube 22 are fixedly mounted on a laser workbench.

[0036] See also Figure 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling machine for pecans is provided. The feeding device 3 includes a feeding conveyor belt baffle 31, a feeding conveyor belt 32, and a feeding funnel 33. The feeding funnel 33 is installed above the feeding conveyor belt 32, and the feeding conveyor belt baffle 31 is installed on the feeding conveyor belt 32.

[0037] See also Figure 3 、 4 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling pecan machine is provided. One side of a feed conveyor belt 32 is connected to a feed hopper 33, and the other side is connected to a conveyor belt 42 of a conveying device 4. The feed conveyor belt 32 is directly connected to a baffle 41 located on the conveyor belt 42. The conveying device 4 includes a baffle 41, a conveyor belt 42, and a pecan conveyor belt 43. The pecan conveyor belt 43 is connected to the conveyor belt 42. The baffles 41 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the pecan conveyor belt 43 on the conveyor belt 42 and are located below the feed device 3.

[0038] See also Figure 5In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser-opening pecan shell-breaking machine is provided. The shell-breaking device 5 includes a large spring 51, a small spring 52, a spring frame 53, an adaptive extrusion disk 54, a base 55, a spring groove 56, a large pulley 57, a V-belt 58, a rotating extrusion disk 59, a small pulley 510, and a motor 511. The adaptive extrusion disk 54 and the rotating extrusion disk 59 are both mounted on two rotating shafts of different sizes, which are respectively distributed on both sides of the base 55.

[0039] See also Figure 5 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling pecan all-in-one machine is provided. The gap between the adaptive extrusion disk 54 and the rotating extrusion disk 59 is adjusted by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the large spring 51 and the small spring 52 on both sides of the adaptive extrusion disk 54, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the adaptive extrusion disk 54 and the rotating extrusion disk 59. A motor 511 is fixedly mounted on one side of the base 55. A small pulley 510 is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the motor 511, and a large pulley 57 is sleeved above the rotating extrusion disk 59.

[0040] See also Figure 5 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling machine for pecans is provided. A large pulley 57 and a small pulley 510 are connected via a V-belt 58. A motor 511 drives a rotating extrusion disk 59 to rotate at an angular velocity ratio of 3:2 via the large pulley 57 and the small pulley 510. The adaptive extrusion disk 54 and the rotating extrusion disk 59 are provided with uniformly distributed rotating rough protrusion structures.

[0041] See also Figure 5 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling machine for pecans is provided. An adaptive squeezing disk 54 is connected to a spring frame 53. The spring frame 53 is fixedly mounted above a base 55. A spring slot 56 is provided on the base 55. A large spring 51 is mounted on the spring frame 53. A small spring 52 is mounted in the spring slot 56. The adaptive squeezing disk 54 is connected to the spring frame 53 via the large spring 51.

[0042] See also Figure 6In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser opening and shelling machine for pecans is provided. A pecan conveying belt 43 includes a card fruit elastic groove body 431. A laser absorbing ultra-black coating belt 432 is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the groove of the card fruit elastic groove body 431. A diffuse scattering straight prism grating 433 is horizontally installed on the inner side of the laser absorbing ultra-black coating belt 432, and a total reflection oblique prism grating 434 is vertically installed. A laser absorbing ultra-black liquid material 435 is filled between the diffuse scattering straight prism grating 433 and the total reflection oblique prism grating 434. A diffuse scattering prism grating fragment 436 is deposited on the bottom of the laser absorbing ultra-black liquid material 435. The upper surface of the laser absorbing ultra-black liquid material 435 is covered with a fully transmitting protective prism grating 437. The laser absorbing ultra-black liquid material 435 includes the following components in weight percentage: 20% solid absorbent, 50% liquid absorbent, and the balance is ethanol with a concentration of 30%. % alcohol, the solid absorbent is at least one of carbon black powder, graphite powder, super black ceramic powder, and silicon carbonitride powder, and the liquid absorbent is at least one of ink and water-based black paint. Example 2:

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0044] See also Figure 6 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser shelling machine for pecans is provided. Laser-absorbing ultra-black water material 435 includes the following components by weight: 10% solid absorbent, 30% liquid absorbent, and the balance being 50% ethanol. The solid absorbent is at least one of carbon black powder, graphite powder, ultra-black ceramic powder, and silicon carbonitride powder. The liquid absorbent is at least one of ink and water-based black paint.

[0045] During operation, pecans are poured into the feeding funnel 33 in the feeding device 3. The pecans in the feeding funnel 33 slide onto the feeding conveyor 32 through two staggered baffles. The feeding device motor on the feeding device 3 drives the feeding conveyor 32 to rotate. The feeding conveyor baffle 31 on the feeding conveyor 32 evenly arranges the pecans in a sequence and slides onto the conveying device 4.

[0046] The pecans that fall on the conveyor 4 are accurately conveyed to the conveyor belt 42 by the baffle 41, and further fall onto the pecan conveyor belt 43, and are conveyed forward under the action of the conveyor motor at the bottom of the conveyor 4;

[0047] The pecans passing through the carbon dioxide laser nozzle 23 are directly hit by the carbon dioxide laser tube 22 under the action of the carbon dioxide laser tube 22, thereby cracking the pecans. The parameters of the carbon dioxide laser emitted from the carbon dioxide laser tube 22 are adjusted by the laser frequency modulator 21.

[0048] The pecans that have been shelled continue to be transported between the adjustable adaptive squeezing disk 54 and the rotating squeezing disk 59 under the action of the pecan conveying belt 43. The gap between the adaptive squeezing disk 54 and the rotating squeezing disk 59 is adjusted by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the large springs 51 and the small springs 52 on both sides of the adaptive squeezing disk 54. The motor 511 drives the rotating squeezing disk 59 to rotate according to the rotational angular velocity ratio of 3:2 through the large pulley 57 and the small pulley 510. The adaptive squeezing disk 54 and the rotating squeezing disk 59 are adjusted to clamp the pecans on the pecan conveying belt 43 and move forward. The pecans are completely shelled and taken out by adjusting the squeezing effect of the adaptive squeezing disk 54 and the rotating squeezing disk 59. Finally, the pecans are moved and dropped into the collection box under the action of the pecan conveying belt 43.

[0049] When the laser is directly irradiated on the gap area between the pecans, the laser is directly irradiated on the elastic groove body 431 of the pecan conveyor belt 43, and the laser first passes through the transmission protection prism grating 437 and enters the laser absorption ultra-black water material 435. The laser absorption ultra-black water material 435 first roughly absorbs the laser, and part of the laser is directly irradiated on the diffuse scattering straight prism grating 433 and the diffuse scattering prism grating fragments 436 at the bottom of the laser absorption ultra-black water material 435 for diffuse scattering. The diffusely scattered laser The laser is irradiated on the total reflection oblique prism grating 434 on both sides of the laser absorbing ultra-black water material 435. The total reflection oblique prism grating 434 will again reflect the laser light into the laser absorbing ultra-black water material 435 for re-absorption. The laser light leaking from the diffuse scattering straight prism grating 433, the total reflection oblique prism grating 434, the laser absorbing ultra-black water material 435 and the diffuse scattering prism grating fragments 436 will be completely absorbed by the laser absorbing ultra-black coating belt 432, thereby preventing the laser from causing high-energy damage to the pecan conveying belt 43.

[0050] The present invention provides a laser-opening, shell-cracking machine for pecans. The laser nozzle is fixed to a frame. As pecans pass by, the laser cuts them, allowing them to follow the laser-cut lines as they move to the back to crack the shells. This protects the kernels from being crushed by the extrusion mechanism and improves the machine's efficiency. A rotating extrusion disk is equipped with evenly distributed, rotating, rough protrusions that ensure the pecans are fixed and controlled to move forward when they enter the shelling mechanism. Because pecans vary in size, the forces generated when they are squeezed vary. The gap between the two extrusion disks is adjusted by the expansion and contraction of a spring under the adaptive extrusion disk shaft, achieving adaptive adjustment to prevent large pecans from being crushed by excessive pressure. Larger pecans cause the spring to squeeze, while smaller ones cause the spring to rebound, driving the extrusion disks back and forth, achieving adaptive adjustment and improving the machine's efficiency.

[0051] The technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific embodiments are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only applicable to help understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser opening and shelling machine for pecans, comprising a frame (1), a laser workbench and a collecting box, characterized in that: It also includes a laser opening device (2), a feeding device (3), a conveying device (4), and a shell breaking device (5); the feeding device (3) is connected to the conveying device (4), the upper portion of the conveying device (4) is connected to the frame (1), the laser opening device (2) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1) above the conveying device (4), and the shell breaking device (5) is mounted at the end of the conveying device (4); The conveying device (4) includes a baffle (41), a conveying conveyor belt (42), and a pecan conveying belt (43). The pecan conveying belt (43) is installed and connected to the conveying conveyor belt (42). The baffle (41) is fixedly installed on both sides of the pecan conveying belt (43) on the conveying conveyor belt (42) and is located below the feeding device (3). The pecan conveying belt (43) comprises a card fruit elastic groove body (431), a laser absorption ultra-black coating belt (432) is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the groove of the card fruit elastic groove body (431), a diffuse scattering straight prism grating (433) is horizontally installed on the inner side of the laser absorption ultra-black coating belt (432), and a total reflection oblique prism grating (434) is vertically installed, a laser absorption ultra-black water material (435) is filled between the diffuse scattering straight prism grating (433) and the total reflection oblique prism grating (434), a diffuse scattering prism grating fragment (436) is deposited on the bottom of the laser absorption ultra-black water material (435), and the upper surface of the laser absorption ultra-black water material (435) is covered with a total transmission protection prism grating (437); The laser absorbing ultra-black water material (435) comprises the following components in weight percentage: 10-20% solid absorbent, 30-50% liquid absorbent, and the balance being alcohol with an ethanol concentration of 30-50%, the solid absorbent being at least one of carbon black powder, graphite powder, ultra-black ceramic powder, and silicon carbonitride powder, and the liquid absorbent being at least one of ink and water-based black paint.

2. The laser opening and shelling machine for pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser opening device (2) comprises a laser frequency modulator (21), a carbon dioxide laser tube (22), and a carbon dioxide laser nozzle (23). The carbon dioxide laser nozzle (23) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1), and the laser frequency modulator (21) and the carbon dioxide laser tube (22) are fixedly mounted on a laser workbench.

3. The laser opening and shelling machine for pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device (3) comprises a feeding conveyor belt baffle (31), a feeding conveyor belt (32), and a feeding funnel (33). The feeding funnel (33) is installed above the feeding conveyor belt (32), and the feeding conveyor belt baffle (31) is installed on the feeding conveyor belt (32).

4. The laser opening and shelling machine for pecans according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the feed conveyor belt (32) is connected to the feed hopper (33), and the other side is connected to the conveyor belt (42) of the conveying device (4). The feed conveyor belt (32) is directly connected to the baffle (41) located on the conveyor belt (42).

5. The laser opening and shelling machine for pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell breaking device (5) comprises a large spring (51), a small spring (52), a spring frame (53), an adaptive extrusion disc (54), a base (55), a spring groove (56), a large pulley (57), a V-belt (58), a rotating extrusion disc (59), a small pulley (510), and a motor (511). The adaptive extrusion disc (54) and the rotating extrusion disc (59) are both mounted on two rotating shafts of different sizes, and the rotating shafts are respectively distributed on both sides of the base (55).

6. The laser opening and shelling machine for pecans according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gap between the adaptive extrusion disk (54) and the rotating extrusion disk (59) is adjusted by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the large spring (51) and the small spring (52) on both sides of the adaptive extrusion disk (54), thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the adaptive extrusion disk (54) and the rotating extrusion disk (59). A motor (511) is fixedly mounted on one side of the base (55), a small pulley (510) is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the motor (511), and a large pulley (57) is sleeved on the top of the rotating extrusion disk (59).

7. The laser opening and shelling machine for pecans according to claim 6, characterized in that: The large pulley (57) and the small pulley (510) are connected to each other via a V-belt (58). The motor (511) drives the rotating extrusion disk (59) to rotate at a rotational angular velocity ratio of 3:2 via the large pulley (57) and the small pulley (510). The adaptive extrusion disk (54) and the rotating extrusion disk (59) are provided with uniformly distributed rotating rough protrusion structures.

8. The laser opening and shelling machine for pecans according to claim 7, characterized in that: The self-adaptive extrusion disc (54) is connected to the spring frame (53), the spring frame (53) is fixedly mounted above the base (55), a spring groove (56) is provided on the base (55), a large spring (51) is mounted on the spring frame (53), a small spring (52) is mounted in the spring groove (56), and the self-adaptive extrusion disc (54) is connected to the spring frame (53) above the self-adaptive extrusion disc (54) through the large spring (51).

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