Loosening device for frozen coal crushing and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a loosening device for frozen coal crushing and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coal treatment equipment.The loosening device comprises a traveling crane gantry, a crushing and loosening mechanism is arranged on the traveling crane gantry, and a slide wire traveling trolley is arranged between the traveling crane gantry and the crushing and loosening mechanism; transverse moving guide rails are arranged between the two ends of the lower portion of the slide wire walking trolley and the walking trolley portal. The crushing and loosening mechanism comprises a fixed rack, a duplex driving assembly is arranged at the lower end of the fixed rack, a plurality of loosening heads are arranged at the lower end of the duplex driving assembly, and a plurality of lifting oil cylinders fixedly connected with the upper end of the duplex driving assembly are arranged in the fixed rack. The device has the characteristics of compact structure, convenience in operation and good running stability. The problem of crushing frozen coal is solved. And horizontal displacement in the frozen coal crushing and loosening process can be achieved. And the situation that coal is bonded into blocks is avoided, and coal unloading and box body cleaning during train coal conveying are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal processing equipment, and in particular to a loosening device for crushing frozen coal and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coal is an important basic energy source and industrial raw material in my country. It is widely used in thermal power generation, metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials and other industries. Due to the uneven distribution of coal in my country, coal-using enterprises often need to transport coal by train, which accounts for 70% of the national coal transportation volume. The outdoor temperature in the north is generally around -10℃~30℃ in winter. It is inevitable that coal will stick during long-distance transportation.

[0003] There are two types of adhesion: wet adhesion and frozen adhesion. After mining, coal must go through the coal washing process. The washed coal has a certain amount of water content. During transportation, due to moisture and vibration, the coal will generally adhere tightly to the train carriage, causing wet adhesion.

[0004] In a low-temperature environment, the freezing of water between the contact interfaces of objects causes the surfaces of the contacting objects to stick together and freeze. This natural phenomenon is called freezing adhesion. The coal adhesion phenomenon is particularly prominent at the bottom and walls of the coal-carrying carriage, and is mostly distributed in a pocket shape. According to statistics, the average coal adhesion rate of coal-carrying trains is about 15%. In winter, when the outdoor temperature is low, the freezing adhesion rate of coal-carrying vehicles can reach 30% to 60%. In severe cases, the entire vehicle is frozen, which has a great impact on the unloading work of the tipping machine.

[0005] There is currently no good solution to the problem of frozen coal. The methods widely used by coal-using enterprises to clean frozen coal in train carriages are manual cleaning and setting up greenhouses. The manual cleaning method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the efficiency is extremely low. It takes a team of workers three hours to clean a train carriage with a thickness of 400 mm of frozen coal. There are also problems such as poor working environment, high labor intensity, unsafe working process, high labor cost, and environmentally unfriendly cleaning process. The establishment of a greenhouse mainly uses steam heating, infrared heating, microwave heating, etc., which also has problems such as large initial investment, large land occupation, high energy consumption, and low comprehensive unloading efficiency.

[0006] The current frozen coal crushing and loosening equipment can only crush and loosen the frozen coal layer up and down. The lateral movement requires pulling out the knife above the frozen coal layer. If the lateral movement is performed during the crushing and loosening process in the frozen coal layer, the crushing rotor will bend and deform due to the squeezing force of the lateral frozen coal, and normal up and down rotation crushing cannot be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention mainly solves the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a loosening device for crushing frozen coal and a control method thereof, which has the characteristics of compact structure, convenient operation and good running stability. The problem of crushing frozen coal is solved. Horizontal displacement can be achieved during the loosening process of crushing frozen coal. The situation of coal sticking together is avoided, and the unloading of coal and the cleaning of the box body are convenient when transporting coal by train.

[0008] The above technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions: A loosening device for crushing frozen coal comprises a travelling gantry, a crushing loosening mechanism is arranged on the travelling gantry, a sliding line trolley is arranged between the travelling gantry and the crushing loosening mechanism, and a transverse guide rail is arranged between the two ends of the lower part of the sliding line trolley and the travelling gantry. The crushing loosening mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a double drive assembly is arranged at the lower end of the fixed frame, a plurality of loosening heads are arranged at the lower end of the double drive assembly, and a plurality of lifting cylinders connected and fixed to the upper end of the double drive assembly are arranged in the fixed frame.

[0009] Preferably, the loosening head is provided with an anti-blocking groove with a spiral structure, and both sides of the loosening head are provided with a plurality of cutting blades which are integrated with the loosening head and the flange between the anti-blocking grooves. When the loosening head is stuck, anti-stuck can be achieved by flipping the loosening head.

[0010] Preferably, the dual drive assembly includes a protective shell, a loosening connecting plate is provided between the protective shell and the loosening head, a loosening head driving motor connected and fixed to the loosening connecting plate is provided at the rear end of the loosening head, and a rotating motor connected and fixed to the protective shell is provided on the loosening connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, a power supply connection joint which is connected to the loosening head drive motor and the rotating motor phase circuit is provided on the upper part of the protective shell.

[0012] Preferably, a lifting anchor tube with a hollow structure is provided at the upper end of the protective shell, and guide roller seats which are connected to the power supply connecting joint are provided at the upper and lower ends of the lifting anchor tube, and a plurality of rollers are provided on the periphery of the guide roller seat, and a positioning guide rail which is welded and fixed to the fixed frame as an integral whole is provided between the roller and the fixed frame, and the roller and the positioning guide rail are plug-in and slidingly connected with each other.

[0013] Preferably, an ear plate connecting seat is provided between the guide roller seat and the protective shell and is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder by a pin shaft; and a cylinder fixing seat is provided between the upper part of the fixed frame and the lifting cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a crushing and loosening standby chamber is provided on one side of the traveling gantry, an operation room is provided on the other side of the traveling gantry, and ladders are provided between the crushing and loosening standby chamber and the ground, and between the operation room and the ground.

[0015] A control method for a loosening device comprises the following steps: Step 1: When the carriage with frozen coal enters under the gantry, the crushing and loosening mechanism on the gantry starts the loosening head drive motor and the rotating motor.

[0016] Step 2: The lifting cylinder is stretched to rotate the ear plate connection seat and drive the rotating loosening head to enter the frozen coal layer for crushing and loosening.

[0017] Step 3: When the loosening head enters the lower part of the frozen coal layer, the gantry moves back and forth along the car body. After a forward and backward displacement stroke, the lifting cylinder contracts the stroke, so that the loosening head presents a spiral S-shaped walking path to the frozen coal layer.

[0018] Step 4: After completing the crushing and loosening of a row of spacing, the sliding line walking trolley drives the crushing and loosening mechanism to move horizontally one body position, and continues to crush and loosen the frozen coal layer until all the frozen coal in the car box is completed.

[0019] Step 5: After completing the crushing and loosening of the frozen coal in one car box, the lifting cylinder shrinks to the initial position and leaves the car box, and then proceeds to crushing and loosening the frozen coal in the next car box.

[0020] The present invention can achieve the following effects: The present invention provides a loosening device for crushing frozen coal and a control method thereof, which, compared with the prior art, has the characteristics of compact structure, convenient operation and good running stability. The problem of crushing frozen coal is solved. Horizontal displacement can be achieved during the loosening process of crushing frozen coal. The situation of coal sticking together is avoided, and the unloading of coal and the cleaning of the box body are convenient when the train transports coal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traveling door frame of the present invention from a top view.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the crushing and loosening mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the crushing and loosening mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing and loosening mechanism of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the crushing and loosening mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the loosening head of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral operation structure of the crushing and loosening mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal operation structure of the crushing and loosening mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a plane displacement path diagram of the broken pine of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: crushing and loosening standby chamber 1, traveling door frame 2, sliding line walking trolley 3, crushing and loosening mechanism 4, operating room 5, ladder 6, transverse guide rail 7, fixed frame 8, cylinder fixing seat 9, lifting cylinder 10, positioning guide rail 11, guide roller seat 12, roller 13, lifting anchor pipe 14, double drive assembly 15, loosening head 16, ear plate connecting seat 17, loosening connecting plate 18, loosening head driving motor 19, protective shell 20, rotating motor 21, power supply receiving joint 22, anti-blocking groove 23, cutting head 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the invention is further specifically described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example: Figure 1-10 As shown, a loosening device for crushing frozen coal includes a gantry 2, a crushing loosening mechanism 4 is provided on the gantry 2, a sliding line walking trolley 3 is provided between the gantry 2 and the crushing loosening mechanism 4, and a transverse guide rail 7 is provided between the lower ends of the sliding line walking trolley 3 and the gantry 2. A crushing loosening standby bin 1 is provided on one side of the gantry 2, and an operating room 5 is provided on the other side of the gantry 2. Ladders 6 are provided between the crushing loosening standby bin 1 and the ground, and between the operating room 5 and the ground.

[0034] The crushing and loosening mechanism 4 includes a fixed frame 8, a double drive assembly 15 is provided at the lower end of the fixed frame 8, a plurality of loosening heads 16 are provided at the lower end of the double drive assembly 15, the loosening heads 16 are provided with anti-blocking grooves 23 with a spiral structure, and a plurality of cutting heads 24 are provided on both sides of the loosening heads 16, which are integrated with the loosening heads 16 and the flanges between the anti-blocking grooves 23. A plurality of lifting cylinders 10 connected and fixed to the upper end of the double drive assembly 15 are provided in the fixed frame 8.

[0035] The double drive assembly 8 includes a protective housing 20, a loosening connection plate 18 is provided between the protective housing 20 and the loosening head 16, a loosening head driving motor 19 connected and fixed to the loosening connection plate 18 is provided at the rear end of the loosening head 16, and a rotating motor 21 connected and fixed to the protective housing 20 is provided on the loosening connection plate 18. A power supply receiving joint 22 which is in phase circuit communication with the loosening head driving motor 19 and the rotating motor 21 is provided on the upper part of the protective housing 20. A lifting anchor pipe 14 with a hollow structure is provided at the upper end of the protective housing 20, and a guide roller seat 12 which is connected to the power supply receiving joint 22 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the lifting anchor pipe 14, and four rollers 13 are provided on the periphery of the guide roller seat 12, and a positioning guide rail 11 which is integrally welded and fixed to the fixed frame 8 is provided between the roller 13 and the fixed frame 8, and the roller 13 and the positioning guide rail 11 are connected in a plug-in sliding manner. An ear plate connecting seat 17 which is pin-connected and fixed to the lifting cylinder 10 is provided between the guide roller seat 12 and the protective shell 20 ; a cylinder fixing seat 9 is provided between the upper part of the fixed frame 8 and the lifting cylinder 10 .

[0036] A control method for a loosening device comprises the following steps: The first step: when the carriage with frozen coal enters under the traveling gantry 2, the crushing and loosening mechanism 4 on the traveling gantry 2 starts the loosening head driving motor 19 and the rotating motor 21.

[0037] Step 2: The lifting cylinder 10 is stretched to rotate the ear plate connecting seat 17 and drive the self-rotating loosening head 16 to enter the frozen coal layer for crushing and loosening.

[0038] Step 3: When the loosening head 16 enters the lower part of the frozen coal layer, the traveling gantry 2 moves back and forth along the carriage. After a forward and backward displacement stroke, the lifting cylinder 10 contracts the stroke, so that the loosening head 16 presents a spiral S-shaped walking path to the frozen coal layer.

[0039] Step 4: After completing the crushing and loosening of a row of spacing, the sliding line walking trolley 3 drives the crushing and loosening mechanism 4 to move horizontally by one body position, and continues to crush and loosen the frozen coal layer until all the frozen coal in the car box is completed.

[0040] Step 5: After the frozen coal in one carriage is crushed and loosened, the lifting cylinder 10 is retracted to the initial position and separated from the carriage, and then the frozen coal in the next carriage is crushed and loosened.

[0041] In summary, the loosening device for crushing frozen coal and the control method thereof have the characteristics of compact structure, convenient operation and good running stability. The problem of crushing frozen coal is solved. Horizontal displacement can be achieved during the crushing and loosening process of frozen coal. The situation of coal sticking together is avoided, and the unloading of coal and the cleaning of the box body are convenient when the train transports coal.

[0042] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by any technician in the field of the present invention are included in the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loosening device for crushing frozen coal, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gantry (2), wherein a crushing and loosening mechanism (4) is provided on the gantry (2), a sliding line walking trolley (3) is provided between the gantry (2) and the crushing and loosening mechanism (4), and transverse guide rails (7) are provided between the lower ends of the sliding line walking trolley (3) and the gantry (2); the crushing and loosening mechanism (4) comprises a fixed frame (8), a double drive assembly (15) is provided at the lower end of the fixed frame (8), a plurality of loosening heads (16) are provided at the lower end of the double drive assembly (15), and a plurality of lifting cylinders (10) connected and fixed to the upper end of the double drive assembly (15) are provided in the fixed frame (8).

2. The loosening device for crushing frozen coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loosening head (16) is provided with an anti-blocking groove (23) with a spiral structure, and both sides of the loosening head (16) are provided with a plurality of cutting blades (24) which are integrated with the loosening head (16) and integrated with the flange between the anti-blocking groove (23).

3. The loosening device for crushing frozen coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual drive assembly (8) comprises a protective housing (20), a loosening connecting plate (18) is provided between the protective housing (20) and the loosening head (16), a loosening head driving motor (19) connected and fixed to the loosening connecting plate (18) is provided at the rear end of the loosening head (16), and a rotating motor (21) connected and fixed to the protective housing (20) is provided on the loosening connecting plate (18).

4. The loosening device for crushing frozen coal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper portion of the protective housing (20) is provided with a power supply receiving joint (22) which is in electrical circuit communication with the loosening head driving motor (19) and the rotating motor (21).

5. The loosening device for crushing frozen coal according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the protective shell (20) is provided with a lifting anchor pipe (14) with a hollow structure, and the upper and lower ends of the lifting anchor pipe (14) are provided with a guide roller seat (12) which is connected to the power supply receiving joint (22), and the outer periphery of the guide roller seat (12) is provided with a plurality of rollers (13), and a positioning guide rail (11) which is integrally welded and fixed to the fixed frame (8) is provided between the roller (13) and the fixed frame (8), and the roller (13) and the positioning guide rail (11) are connected to each other by a snap-fit ​​plug-in sliding connection.

6. The loosening device for crushing frozen coal according to claim 5, characterized in that: An ear plate connecting seat (17) is provided between the guide roller seat (12) and the protective housing (20) and is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder (10) by means of a pin shaft; and a cylinder fixing seat (9) is provided between the upper part of the fixed frame (8) and the lifting cylinder (10).

7. The loosening device for crushing frozen coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crushing and loosening standby bin (1) is provided on one side of the traveling gantry (2), and an operating room (5) is provided on the other side of the traveling gantry (2). Ladders (6) are provided between the crushing and loosening standby bin (1) and the ground, and between the operating room (5) and the ground.

8. A control method for a loosening device according to claim 6, characterized in that The steps are as follows: Step 1: When the carriage with frozen coal enters below the traveling gantry (2), the crushing and loosening mechanism (4) on the traveling gantry (2) starts the loosening head driving motor (19) and the rotating motor (21); Step 2: The lifting cylinder (10) is stretched, so that the ear plate connecting seat (17) rotates and drives the self-rotating loosening head (16) to enter the frozen coal layer for crushing and loosening; Step 3: After the loosening head (16) enters the lower part of the frozen coal layer, the traveling gantry (2) moves back and forth along the carriage. After a forward and backward displacement stroke, the lifting cylinder (10) contracts the stroke, so that the loosening head (16) forms a spiral S-shaped walking path with respect to the frozen coal layer; Step 4: After the crushing and loosening of one row of spacing is completed, the sliding line walking trolley (3) drives the crushing and loosening mechanism (4) to move horizontally by one body position, and continues to crush and loosen the frozen coal layer until all the frozen coal in the car box is completely crushed and loosened; Step 5: After the frozen coal in one carriage is crushed and loosened, the lifting cylinder (10) is retracted to the initial position and separated from the carriage, and then the frozen coal in the next carriage is crushed and loosened.

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