Forging die and forging method

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging die and a forging method. The forging die comprises an upper die and a lower die, the four sliding grooves are circumferentially formed in the top face of the lower die at equal intervals. The four correcting plates are connected with the sliding grooves in a sliding mode; when the round-rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower die, thrust is applied to the four correcting plates at the same time, so that the four correcting plates synchronously approach to the round-rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located in the center of the lower die. Any two adjacent correcting plates are perpendicular to each other and synchronously approach and push the round-bar-shaped raw materials, when the four correcting plates cannot continue pushing, the round-bar-shaped raw materials are located in the center of the lower die, and balanced flash is formed when the upper die is closed for die forging, so that it is guaranteed that the space in the forging die is completely filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging parts, and in particular to a forging die and a forging method. Background Art

[0002] Forging dies are dies used in the forging process. The raw materials undergo plastic deformation in the forging die under the action of external force to obtain parts of the required shape and size.

[0003] The blank of shaft parts is a forging. After the blank is heated and forged, the internal fiber structure of the metal can be evenly distributed along the surface, thereby obtaining higher tensile, bending and torsional strength. During forging, the upper and lower dies of the forging die are pressed together by the forging equipment to make the round rod-shaped raw material plastically deform in the upper and lower dies to form a blank. After deformation and demolding, it will be found that flash appears between the upper and lower dies. The formation of flash is uneven, which depends on the position of the raw material placed in the lower die before forging. Workers usually use pliers and other tools to clamp and move the raw material. If the raw material is in a position off-center, the flash will be unevenly formed after forging. The thickness of the flash itself will force the upper die to be unable to continue to press down on the lower die, which may cause the blank to fail to completely fill the space in the upper die. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forging die and a forging method, so that the round rod-shaped raw material is located at the center of the forging die, and is evenly distributed to the surroundings during forging deformation to form a balanced flash.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A forging die, comprising:

[0007] Upper and lower dies;

[0008] Four slide grooves are equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the lower die;

[0009] Four correction plates are slidably connected to the slide grooves;

[0010] Among them, when the round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower mold, thrust is applied to the four correction plates at the same time, so that the four correction plates are synchronously approached to the round rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located at the center of the lower mold.

[0011] Preferably, a limit groove is provided on the correction plate, a limit block is slidably connected in the limit groove, and the limit block is fixedly connected to the lower die.

[0012] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the top surface of the lower mold, and the annular groove is connected to the slide groove, a ring body is slidably arranged in the annular groove, and the inner ring of the ring body is fixedly connected to four guide plates arranged equidistantly around the circumference, the guide plate has a straight surface and a concave arc surface, and both sides of the correction plate are rounded to form a first rounded end close to the raw material and a second rounded end away from the raw material, and the concave arc surface fits with the second rounded end.

[0013] Preferably, a first circular groove is opened at the first rounded end, a first circular plate is slidably arranged in the first circular groove, the first circular groove has the same diameter as the first circular plate, the first circular plate is coaxially fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft and the first circular groove are rotatably connected, wherein the first circular plate partially extends out of the first rounded end and contacts with the round rod-shaped raw material.

[0014] Preferably, the lower mold is divided into four modules, each module has a transverse groove and a longitudinal groove, the transverse groove and the longitudinal groove are vertically arranged and not connected to each other, when combined, the four modules are tightly combined to form the lower mold by inserting the matching plug rods into the transverse groove and the longitudinal groove.

[0015] Preferably, a second circular groove is opened at the second rounded end, a second circular plate is slidably arranged in the second circular groove, a rubber ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the second circular plate, a second rotating shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the second circular plate, the second rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the second circular groove, and the second rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a conveying chamber is opened inside the correction plate, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft both extend into the conveying chamber. The first rotating shaft located in the conveying chamber is fixedly connected to the first conveying wheel, and the second rotating shaft located in the conveying chamber is connected to the second conveying wheel. The first conveying wheel and the second conveying wheel are connected by a conveyor belt.

[0017] Preferably, the second rotating shaft is slidably connected with a one-way wheel, the one-way wheel has a retaining groove, the retaining groove is slidably connected with a baffle, the baffle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, the inner ring of the second transmission wheel is rotationally and slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, and a one-way structure is arranged between the one-way wheel and the second transmission wheel.

[0018] Preferably, the one-way structure comprises:

[0019] The guide block is in the shape of a right triangle and is fixed on the side of the one-way wheel facing the second transmission wheel;

[0020] The guide groove is in the shape of a right triangle, is arranged on the side of the second transmission wheel facing the one-way wheel, and is matched with the guide block.

[0021] A forging method for determining the position of a round bar-shaped raw material in a forging die comprises the following steps:

[0022] The round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower die in the forging die;

[0023] Apply an external force to push the straight surface of any guide plate, so that the four guide plate machine rings start to rotate;

[0024] The rotating guide plate guides the correction plate to move toward the direction of the round rod-shaped raw material through its concave arc surface, thereby pushing the round rod-shaped raw material to move in the lower die;

[0025] Until the correction plate can no longer move, make sure that the round rod-shaped raw material is in the center of the forging die.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] In the present invention, any two adjacent correction plates are arranged perpendicular to each other, and approach and push the round rod-shaped raw material synchronously. When the four correction plates can no longer push, the round rod-shaped raw material is at the center position of the lower die, and a relatively balanced flash is formed when the upper die is closed for forging to ensure that the space in the forging die is completely filled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper die and a lower die in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an upper die and a lower die in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a lower die and a ring body in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a guide plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a correction plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a correction plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cross section of a correction plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition between the second rotating shaft and the second transmission wheel in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0037] In the figure: 1. upper mold; 2. lower mold; 3. slide groove; 4. correction plate; 5. limit groove; 6. limit block; 7. ring groove; 8. ring body; 9. guide plate; 10. first rounded end; 11. second rounded end; 12. straight surface; 13. concave arc surface; 14. first circular groove; 15. first circular plate; 16. first rotating shaft; 17. module; 18. transverse groove; 19. longitudinal groove; 20. insertion rod; 21. second circular groove; 22. second circular plate; 23. rubber ring; 24. transmission chamber; 25. first transmission wheel; 26. second transmission wheel; 27. conveyor belt; 28. one-way wheel; 29. ​​retaining groove; 30. baffle plate; 31. guide block; 32. guide groove; 33. second rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 -Attached Fig. 9 , a forging die, comprising:

[0040] Upper die 1 and lower die 2;

[0041] Four slide grooves 3 are equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the lower die 2;

[0042] Four correction plates 4 are slidably connected to the slide grooves 3;

[0043] When the round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower mold 2 , thrust is applied to the four correction plates 4 at the same time, so that the four correction plates 4 are synchronously moved closer to the round rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located at the center of the lower mold 2 .

[0044] Through the above technical solution, any two adjacent correction plates 4 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and simultaneously approach and push the round rod-shaped raw material. When the four correction plates 4 can no longer push, the round rod-shaped raw material is in the center position of the lower die 2, and a relatively balanced flash is formed when the upper die 1 is closed for forging, so as to ensure that the space in the forging die is filled completely.

[0045] A limiting groove 5 is provided on the correction plate 4 , and a limiting block 6 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 5 . The limiting block 6 is fixedly connected to the lower die 2 to limit the correction plate 4 so that it cannot escape from the slide groove 3 .

[0046] An annular groove 7 is provided on the top surface of the lower die 2, and the annular groove 7 is connected to the slide groove 3. A ring body 8 is slidably arranged in the annular groove 7. The inner ring of the ring body 8 is fixedly connected to four guide plates 9 arranged equidistantly around the circumference. The guide plate 9 has a straight surface 12 and a concave arc surface 13. Both sides of the correction plate 4 are rounded to form a first rounded end 10 close to the raw material and a second rounded end 11 away from the raw material, and the concave arc surface 13 fits with the second rounded end 11.

[0047] Before forging, the round bar-shaped raw material is in a high temperature state, which facilitates the plastic deformation of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2. The four correction plates 4 that are in contact with the high-temperature raw material will inevitably accumulate a small amount of cooling residue during the raw material forging process, which will make the correction plates 4 longer. Such a small accumulation will cause the lengths of the four correction plates 4 to be different after a long time, which will cause deviations in the center correction of the round bar-shaped raw material, and then cause unbalanced flash in the subsequent process. Therefore, the following improvements are made:

[0048] A first circular groove 14 is provided at the first rounded end 10, and a first circular plate 15 is slidably arranged in the first circular groove 14. The diameters of the first circular groove 14 and the first circular plate 15 are the same, and a first rotating shaft 16 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first circular plate 15. The first rotating shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the first circular groove 14, wherein a portion of the first circular plate 15 extends out of the first rounded end 10 to conflict with the round rod-shaped raw material.

[0049] Through the above technical scheme, the first rounded end 10 that originally collides with the round rod-shaped raw material is replaced by the first circular plate 15 that collides with the round rod-shaped raw material, and the residue after cooling is accumulated on the outer edge of the first circular plate 15. After forging is completed, the first circular plate 15 can be rolled so that the residue accumulated on the first circular plate 15 is scraped off by the edge of the first circular groove 14 formed by the first rounded end 10, so as to prevent the residue from accumulating.

[0050] The lower mold 2 is divided into four modules 17, each module 17 has a transverse groove 18 and a longitudinal groove 19, the transverse groove 18 and the longitudinal groove 19 are vertically arranged and not connected to each other. When assembled, the four modules 17 are tightly combined to form the lower mold 2 by inserting the matching insertion rod 20 into the transverse groove 18 and the longitudinal groove 19.

[0051] A second circular groove 21 is provided at the second rounded end 11 , a second circular plate 22 is slidably provided in the second circular groove 21 , a rubber ring 23 is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the second circular plate 22 , a second rotating shaft 33 is coaxially fixedly connected to the second circular plate 22 , the second rotating shaft 33 is rotationally connected to the second circular groove 21 , and the second rotating shaft 33 is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft 16 .

[0052] A transfer chamber 24 is opened inside the correction plate 4, and the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 33 both extend into the transfer chamber 24. The first rotating shaft 16 located in the transfer chamber 24 is fixedly connected to the first transfer wheel 25, and the second rotating shaft 33 located in the transfer chamber 24 is connected to the second transfer wheel 26. The first transfer wheel 25 and the second transfer wheel 26 are connected by a conveyor belt 27.

[0053] The second rotating shaft 33 is fixedly connected to the second transmission wheel 26 , so that the first circular plate 15 and the second circular plate 22 rotate synchronously.

[0054] The second rotating shaft 33 is slidably connected with a one-way wheel 28, and a retaining groove 29 is provided on the one-way wheel 28. A baffle 30 is slidably connected to the retaining groove 29, and the baffle 30 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 33. The inner ring of the second transmission wheel 26 is rotatably and slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 33. A one-way structure is set between the one-way wheel 28 and the second transmission wheel 26 to enable the second transmission wheel 26 to rotate in only one direction.

[0055] One-way structures include:

[0056] The guide block 31 is in the shape of a right triangle and is fixed on the side of the one-way wheel 28 facing the second transmission wheel 26;

[0057] The guide groove 32 is in the shape of a right triangle and is provided on the side of the second transmission wheel 26 facing the one-way wheel 28 , and is matched with the guide block 31 .

[0058] It should be noted that:

[0059] The materials used in the preparation of the structures such as the four correction plates 4 and the four first circular plates 15 that are in direct contact with the high-temperature round rod-shaped raw materials in the technical solution of the present application are the same as the materials used in the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2, and their melting points are higher than the raw materials;

[0060] When the rubber ring 23 is in conflict with the inner ring of the ring body 8, the first circular plate 15 completely enters the interior of the slide groove 3, and does not form any concave area on the forged blank itself;

[0061] The diameter of the first circular plate 15 is the same as the diameter of the first circular groove 14 , and the sum of the diameters of the second circular plate 22 and the rubber ring 23 is smaller than the diameter of the second circular groove 21 ;

[0062] The internal space of the mold is reasonably arranged so that the four correction plates 4 contact the round rod-shaped raw material at a position half of its height, which can ensure complete control of the round rod-shaped raw material.

[0063] Working principle:

[0064] The four modules 17 are combined to form the lower mold 2, and the insert rod 20 is inserted into the transverse groove 18 and the longitudinal groove 19 to fix the module 17, and the high-temperature round rod-shaped raw material is moved into the lower mold 2. An external force is applied to push the straight surface 12 of the guide plate 9 to make the guide plate 9 and the ring body 8 start to rotate. The concave arc surface 13 of the guide plate 9 in the rotating state guides the second circular plate 22 to rotate. The second transmission wheel 26 is rotated through the conduction of the second rotating shaft 33, the one-way wheel 28 and the guide block 31. The first circular plate 15 is rotated through the conduction of the conveyor belt 27, the first transmission wheel 25 and the first rotating shaft 16. Then, the first rounded end 10 forms the edge of the first circular groove 14 to scrape off the residue attached to the outer edge of the first circular plate 15;

[0065] Due to the action of external force, the four correction plates 4 are synchronously moved away from the ring body 8 and then hit the raw material in the lower mold 2 until the external force applied to the guide plate 9 can no longer make the ring body 8 rotate and then stop. At this time, the high-temperature round rod-shaped raw material is located at the center of the mold space of the lower mold 2;

[0066] The upper die 1 is pressed downwardly corresponding to the lower die 2 by using a forging device, and the round rod-shaped raw material in the die is plastically deformed and gradually fills the cavity in the die. During the plastic deformation process, the raw material will push the correction plate 4 to move in the direction close to the ring body 8. The second circular plate 22 in the moving state contacts with the guide plate 9 and rotates. The rotational movement at this moment is opposite to the rotational movement direction when the correction plate 4 is away from the ring body 8. The guide block 31 overcomes the gravity of the one-way wheel 28 and slides out through the inclined surface of the guide groove 32. The one-way wheel 28 pushes up and disengages from the second transmission wheel 26. The second transmission wheel 26 does not rotate until the rubber ring 23 on the correction plate 4 contacts with the ring body 8 and stops.

[0067] After the forging is completed, the upper die 1 is separated from the lower die 2, and then all the insertion rods 20 inserted in the lower die 2 are taken out in turn, so that the four modules 17 of the lower die 2 are separated, and the forged blank is taken out.

[0068] The present invention is conceived to:

[0069] In order to make the flash on the blank after forging more balanced, the round bar-shaped raw material is determined to be at the center of the lower die 2 before forging, and four correction plates 4 arranged equidistantly around the circumference can be used to synchronously approach or move away from the center to push and control the round bar-shaped raw material to be at the center;

[0070] During forging, the upper die 1 presses down on the lower die 2, and the round rod-shaped raw material therein begins to plastically deform, while the four correction plates 4 that conflict with it always conflict with each other, and the residues are easily accumulated on the first circular plate 15. When an external force is applied to actively move the correction plate 4, that is, the correction plate 4 approaches the center position, the first circular plate 15 rotates, and the residues attached thereto can be scraped off, so that the lengths of the four correction plates 4 are kept the same;

[0071] When the round rod-shaped raw material begins to plastically deform, it will push the four correction plates 4 closer to the ring body 8. The correction plates 4 are passively moved by the push of the deformed raw material. The one-way structure allows the second circular plate 22 to rotate while the first circular plate 15 does not rotate, thereby avoiding wear caused by friction between the first circular plate 15 and the raw material due to rotation during the deformation process, thereby increasing the service life of the correction plates 4 and the structures thereon.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging die, characterized in that: include: An upper mold (1) and a lower mold (2); Four slide grooves (3) are equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the lower die (2); Four correction plates (4) are slidably connected to the slide grooves (3); When the round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower die (2), thrust is applied to the four correction plates (4) at the same time, so that the four correction plates (4) are synchronously moved closer to the round rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located at the center of the lower die (2).

2. A forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove (5) is provided on the correction plate (4), a limiting block (6) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (5), and the limiting block (6) is fixedly connected to the lower die (2).

3. A forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (7) is provided on the top surface of the lower die (2), the annular groove (7) and the slide groove (3) are connected, a ring body (8) is slidably arranged in the annular groove (7), the inner ring of the ring body (8) is fixedly connected to four guide plates (9) arranged equidistantly around the circumference, the guide plate (9) has a straight surface (12) and a concave arc surface (13), both sides of the correction plate (4) are rounded to form a first rounded end (10) close to the raw material and a second rounded end (11) away from the raw material, and the concave arc surface (13) is in contact with the second rounded end (11).

4. A forging die according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first circular groove (14) is provided at the first rounded end (10), a first circular plate (15) is slidably arranged in the first circular groove (14), the first circular groove (14) and the first circular plate (15) have the same diameter, a first rotating shaft (16) is coaxially fixedly connected to the first circular plate (15), the first rotating shaft (16) and the first circular groove (14) are rotatably connected, wherein a portion of the first circular plate (15) extends out of the first rounded end (10) to contact the round rod-shaped raw material.

5. A forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mold (2) is divided into four modules (17), each module (17) is provided with a transverse groove (18) and a longitudinal groove (19), the transverse groove (18) and the longitudinal groove (19) are vertically arranged and are not connected to each other. When assembled, an adapted insertion rod (20) is inserted into the transverse groove (18) and the longitudinal groove (19) so that the four modules (17) are tightly assembled to form the lower mold (2).

6. A forging die according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second circular groove (21) is provided at the second rounded end (11), a second circular plate (22) is slidably arranged in the second circular groove (21), a rubber ring (23) is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the second circular plate (22), a second rotating shaft (33) is coaxially fixedly connected to the second circular plate (22), the second rotating shaft (33) is rotationally connected to the second circular groove (21), and the second rotating shaft (33) is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft (16).

7. A forging die according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transfer chamber (24) is provided inside the correction plate (4), and a first rotating shaft (16) and a second rotating shaft (33) both extend into the transfer chamber (24). The first rotating shaft (16) located in the transfer chamber (24) is fixedly connected to a first transfer wheel (25), and the second rotating shaft (33) located in the transfer chamber (24) is connected to a second transfer wheel (26). The first transfer wheel (25) and the second transfer wheel (26) are connected via a conveyor belt (27).

8. A forging die according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second rotating shaft (33) is slidably connected to a one-way wheel (28), a retaining groove (29) is provided on the one-way wheel (28), a retaining groove (29) is slidably connected to a baffle (30), the baffle (30) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (33), the inner ring of the second transmission wheel (26) is rotatably and slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (33), and a one-way structure is arranged between the one-way wheel (28) and the second transmission wheel (26).

9. A forging die according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-way structure includes: The guide block (31) is in the shape of a right triangle and is fixed on the side of the one-way wheel (28) facing the second transmission wheel (26); The guide groove (32) is in the shape of a right triangle and is arranged on the side of the second transmission wheel (26) facing the one-way wheel (28) and is matched with the guide block (31).

10. A forging method, using the forging die according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to determine the position of a round rod-shaped raw material in the forging die, characterized in that: The steps include: A round rod-shaped raw material is placed in a lower die (2) in a forging die; Apply an external force to push the straight surface (12) of any one of the guide plates (9), so that the ring bodies (8) of the four guide plates (9) begin to rotate; The rotating guide plate (9) guides the correction plate (4) to move toward the round rod-shaped raw material through its concave arc surface (13), thereby pushing the round rod-shaped raw material to move in the lower die (2); Until the correction plate (4) cannot move, it is determined that the round rod-shaped raw material is located at the center of the forging die.

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