Multi-station forging clamp for pressure vessel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging, and discloses a multi-station forging clamp for a pressure vessel, which comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a worktable through a support frame, four shaping grooves are formed in the top of the worktable and are distributed in an annular array, and by arranging the shaping grooves, a plurality of forging materials can be processed at the same time; the shapes of the shaping grooves are sequentially arranged according to the shape change of the forge piece in the forging and pressing process, so that the forging material can be shaped in the shaping grooves in sequence, and the forging efficiency can be effectively improved; and the radial rotation of the supporting ring is limited through the limiting plate, so that when the rotating rod rotates, the limiting block can abut against the inner wall of the guide groove, the rotating cylinder is forced to do upward linear motion on the outer wall of the rotating rod, the ejector rod on the supporting ring connected with the connecting rod is driven to eject upwards, the forge piece is conveniently ejected out, and the forge piece is prevented from being damaged. And deformation generated in the forging and pressing process is clamped in the shaping groove, so that the taking-out of the forge piece is influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging, and in particular to a multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel. Background Art

[0002] Pressure vessels refer to closed surfaces that contain gas or liquid and bear a certain pressure. Pressure vessels are widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical, energy, pharmaceutical, and food, and are important production equipment in these industries. In the manufacturing process of pressure vessels, forging fixtures play a vital role. They are mainly used to fix and position workpieces during the forging process, ensure accurate transfer and processing of workpieces between different stations, and improve production efficiency and product quality.

[0003] Prior art, such as publication number CN105772618A, discloses a multi-station forging fixture, including a carrier, a station slot, each of which is provided with a clamping positioning pin and a slide slot, each of which is slidably installed with a clamping plate, each of which is hinged with a transmission connecting rod, each of which is hinged with a hinge seat, each of which is welded with a transfer rack, each of which is meshed with a planetary gear, each of which has a sub-gear below, each of which is meshed with a central gear, a central shaft is rotatably installed at the center of the carrier, the central shaft is connected with a transmission gear, the transmission gear is meshed with a driving rack, and the driving rack is connected with a clamping cylinder. The present invention can automatically clamp and fix the blank in the multi-station slot at one time based on the positioning function of the blank, which is not only convenient to operate but also indirectly improves the forging quality.

[0004] Although multiple stations are used for processing in this case, the clamps for fixing the forging materials can only fix forging materials of the same shape. However, the shape of the forging materials is constantly changing during the actual processing. The use of a single clamp will cause the range of deformation of the forging materials to become smaller. In addition, in the prior art, when forging billets, the heated billets are generally placed in the processing area of ​​the forging hammer or punch press by manual clamping for roughing and final forging. This single clamp still requires traditional manual clamping and transportation for the next forging process. Not only are workers easily injured by the machine, which is very dangerous, but the processing dimensions are not accurate and often require secondary processing. Therefore, it is necessary to use a mold for forging and shaping through the cooperation of the mold, but the billet filling steps and forging removal steps are cumbersome and still require manual assistance, resulting in low work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and overcome the defects of the prior art, as described in detail below.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel, comprising a base, the top of the base being fixedly connected to a workbench through a support frame, the top of the workbench being provided with four shaping grooves arranged in a ring array, by providing multiple shaping grooves, multiple pieces of forging material can be processed simultaneously, and the shapes of the shaping grooves are sequentially arranged according to the shape changes of the forgings during the forging process, so that the forging material can be shaped in the shaping grooves in sequence, which can effectively improve the forging efficiency;

[0008] The workbench is provided with a lifting mechanism at the position of the shaping groove for lifting the forging;

[0009] A switching mechanism is provided above the workbench to cooperate with the jacking mechanism to switch the forgings;

[0010] An ash removal mechanism is provided below the workbench to remove the oxidized surface during forging;

[0011] A driving mechanism is provided on the top of the workbench to drive the lifting mechanism to operate;

[0012] The lifting mechanism includes a rotating rod, which rotates at the top center of the base. A rotating drum is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod. The bottom of the outer wall of the rotating drum is connected to a supporting ring through a connecting rod. A push rod is placed on the top of the supporting ring corresponding to each shaping groove, and the top of the push rod is flush with the bottom of the shaping groove. The push rod is a part of the shaping part at the bottom of the shaping groove. When the rotating drum slides upward on the outer wall of the rotating rod, it can drive the push rod to eject the forging to avoid the forging being stuck in the shaping groove and being inconvenient to remove.

[0013] Preferably, guide grooves are respectively provided on both sides of the rotating drum, and a limit block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod corresponding to the position of each guide groove, and the limit block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove, so that when the rotating rod rotates, the limit block will resist the inner wall of the guide groove, thereby forcing the rotating drum to make an upward linear motion on the outer wall of the rotating rod, thereby driving the push rod on the connecting rod connecting support ring to lift upward to facilitate the ejection of the forging and avoid the problem of the forging being stuck in the shaping groove due to deformation generated during the forging process, thereby affecting the removal of the forging.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the base at a position inside the supporting ring corresponding to the push rod, so as to limit the radial rotation of the supporting ring.

[0015] Preferably, the guide groove is spiral and has a rotation angle of 180 degrees, and when the limit block is at the highest point of the inner wall of the guide groove, the top of the rotating rod is flush with the top of the workbench.

[0016] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a first gear, which is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod, and the outer wall of the first gear is meshingly connected to the second gear. The top of the workbench is connected to a servo motor for driving the second gear to rotate. The second gear is driven to rotate by starting the servo motor. When the second gear rotates, the rotating rod is driven to move and rotate through the meshing second gear.

[0017] Preferably, the switching mechanism comprises a swivel, which is rotatably connected to the top of the workbench, and a positioning ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the swivel corresponding to the position of each shaping groove.

[0018] Preferably, the switching mechanism also includes a connecting frame, which is radially slidably connected to the outer wall of the swivel through the notch of the swivel, and one end of the bottom of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the support ring. By arranging the connecting frame to connect the support ring and the swivel, the rotating rod can continue to rotate when the ejector rod completely ejects the forging material. Since the ejector rod is inside the shaping groove, the ejector rod will not rotate with the support ring and stay in place. The swivel connected to the support ring by the connecting frame rotates with it and drives the ejected forging material to the position of the shaping groove of the next forging process. The forging can be quickly moved to the next process for processing, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0019] Preferably, the ash discharge mechanism includes four arcuate through grooves, which are opened at the top of the workbench and are staggered between the shaping grooves. The arcuate through grooves are arranged so that when the rotating ring rotates, the positioning ring will push out the ash in the shaping groove caused by surface oxidation after the forging material is heated, thereby avoiding the accumulation of excessive ash inside the shaping groove during continuous forging, which leads to the problem of rough surface filtration of the forging after forging.

[0020] Preferably, an ash collecting box is fixed at the position of each arc-shaped through groove at the bottom of the workbench, and the bottom of the ash collecting box is inclined, and an ash discharge port is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface of the ash collecting box.

[0021] The beneficial effects are:

[0022] 1. The present invention can process multiple pieces of forging materials at the same time by setting multiple shaping grooves, and the shapes of the shaping grooves are set in sequence according to the shape changes of the forgings during the forging process, so that the forgings can be shaped in the shaping grooves in sequence, which can effectively improve the forging efficiency, and the radial rotation of the support ring is limited by the limit plate, so that when the rotating rod rotates, the limit block will abut against the inner wall of the guide groove, thereby forcing the rotating cylinder to make an upward linear motion on the outer wall of the rotating rod, thereby driving the push rod on the connecting rod connecting the support ring to lift upward to facilitate the ejection of the forging, and avoid the problem that the forgings are stuck in the shaping groove due to the deformation generated during the forging process, which affects the removal of the forgings. In addition, the shaping groove processing method can avoid the use of a single clamp, which cannot adapt to the changes in the shape of the forgings during the processing and easily causes the forgings to detach from the clamp.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a connecting frame to connect the support ring and the swivel ring, so that the swivel rod can continue to rotate when the ejector rod completely ejects the forging material. Since the ejector rod is inside the shaping groove, the ejector rod will not rotate with the support ring and stay in place. The swivel ring connected to the support ring through the connecting frame rotates along with the support ring and drives the ejected forging material to the position of the shaping groove of the next forging process. The forging can be quickly moved to the next process for processing, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0024] 3. The present invention provides an arc-shaped through groove so that when the rotating ring rotates again, the positioning ring will push out the ash and slag in the shaping groove caused by surface oxidation after the forging material is heated, so as to avoid excessive ash and slag accumulation inside the shaping groove during continuous forging, which leads to the problem of rough surface filtration of the forging after forging. By providing an ash collecting box under the arc-shaped through groove, the ash and slag can be collected, and the ash and slag can be scattered to prevent it from affecting the surrounding environment. The ash discharge port under the inclined surface of the ash collecting box can be opened to discharge the collected dust for centralized treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the jacking mechanism in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the transfer rod and the rotating drum in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the switching mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating ring in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ash discharge mechanism in the present invention.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Base; 2. Support frame; 3. Workbench; 4. Shaping groove; 5. Lifting mechanism; 51. Turning rod; 511. Limiting block; 52. Rotating drum; 521. Guide groove; 53. Connecting rod; 54. Support ring; 55. Push rod; 56. Limiting plate; 6. Switching mechanism; 61. Rotating ring; 62. Connecting frame; 63. Positioning ring; 7. Ash discharge mechanism; 71. Arc-shaped through groove; 72. Ash collecting box; 73. Ash discharge port; 8. Driving mechanism; 81. First gear; 82. Second gear; 83. Servo motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1 - Figure 7As shown, the present invention provides a multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel, comprising a base 1, the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected to a workbench 3 through a support frame 2, and four shaping grooves 4 are provided on the top of the workbench 3, which are arranged in a circular array. By providing multiple shaping grooves 4, multiple pieces of forging materials can be processed at the same time, and the shapes of the shaping grooves 4 are arranged in sequence according to the shape changes of the forgings during the forging process, so that the forging materials can be shaped in the shaping grooves 4 in sequence, which can effectively improve the forging efficiency. Taking the forging of cylindrical forgings as an example, the first shaping groove 4 is used for compacting the forging material, the second shaping groove 4 is used for the outer contour plasticity of the forging material, the third shaping groove 4 is used for drilling, and the fourth shaping groove 4 is used for the inner contour plasticity of the forging material. The specific shaping grooves 4 can be arranged according to the actual shape of the forgings. The number required is adjusted to meet the process requirements. A lifting mechanism 5 is provided at the position of the shaping groove 4 on the workbench 3 for lifting the forging. A switching mechanism 6 is provided above the workbench 3 for cooperating with the lifting mechanism 5 to switch the forging. An ash removal mechanism 7 is provided below the workbench 3 for removing the oxidized surface during forging. A driving mechanism 8 is provided on the top of the workbench 3 for driving the lifting mechanism 5 to operate. The lifting mechanism 5 includes a rotating rod 51, which rotates at the top center of the base 1. A rotating cylinder 52 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 51. The bottom of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 52 is connected to a supporting ring 54 through a connecting rod 53. A push rod 55 is placed on the top of the supporting ring 54 corresponding to each shaping groove 4, and the top of the push rod 55 is flush with the bottom of the shaping groove 4. The push rod 55 is a part of the shaping part at the bottom of the shaping groove 4. When the rotating cylinder 52 slides upward on the outer wall of the rotating rod 51, it can drive the push rod 55 to push the forging out to avoid the forging being stuck in the shaping groove 4 and being inconvenient to take out. Guide grooves 521 are respectively opened on both sides of the rotating cylinder 52. The outer wall of the rotating rod 51 is fixedly connected with a limiting block 511 corresponding to the position of each guide groove 521, and the limiting block 511 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove 521. The top of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a limiting plate 56 at a position corresponding to the push rod 55 inside the supporting ring 54, which is used to limit the radial rotation of the supporting ring 54. The radial rotation of the supporting ring 54 is limited by the limiting plate 56, so that when the rotating rod 51 rotates, the limiting block 511 will abut against the inner wall of the guide groove 521, thereby forcing the rotating cylinder 52 to rotate on the outer wall of the rotating rod 51 The guide groove 521 is spiral and rotates at an angle of 180 degrees. When the limit block 511 is at the highest point of the inner wall of the guide groove 521, the top of the rotating rod 51 is flush with the top of the workbench 3. The driving mechanism 8 includes a first gear 81, which is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod 51. The outer wall of the first gear 81 is meshed with the second gear 82. The top of the workbench 3 is connected to a servo motor 83 for driving the second gear 82 to rotate. The second gear 82 is driven to rotate by starting the servo motor 83.When the second gear 82 rotates, the rotating rod 51 is driven to move and rotate through the meshing second gear 82.

[0036] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The switching mechanism 6 includes a rotating ring 61, which is rotatably connected to the top of the workbench 3. The inner wall of the rotating ring 61 is fixedly connected with a positioning ring 63 corresponding to the position of each shaping groove 4. The positioning ring 63 is arranged to facilitate the positioning ring 63 to rotate together with the rotating ring 61 when the ejector rod 55 is ejected, so that the positioning ring 63 will drive the ejected forging material to move to the position of the shaping groove 4 in the next forging process. The switching mechanism 6 also includes a connecting frame 62, which is radially slidably connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring 61 through the notch of the rotating ring 61, and one end of the bottom of the connecting frame 62 is connected to the supporting ring 5 4 is fixedly connected, so that the rotating ring 61 can keep in contact with the workbench 3 when the connecting frame 62 moves up and down. By setting the connecting frame 62 to connect the supporting ring 54 and the rotating ring 61, the rotating rod 51 can continue to rotate when the ejector 55 completely ejects the forging material. Since the ejector 55 is inside the shaping groove 4, the ejector 55 will not rotate with the supporting ring 54 and stay in place. The rotating ring 61 connected to the supporting ring 54 through the connecting frame 62 rotates with it, and drives the ejected forging material to the position of the shaping groove 4 in the next forging process through the positioning ring 63.

[0037] For further information, see Figure 1 , Figure 7 The ash discharge mechanism 7 includes four arcuate through grooves 71, which are opened on the top of the workbench 3, and the arcuate through grooves 71 are staggered at the positions between the shaping grooves 4. By setting the arcuate through grooves 71, when the rotating ring 61 rotates again, the positioning ring 63 will push out the ash slag produced by surface oxidation after the forging material is heated in the shaping groove 4, so as to avoid excessive ash slag accumulation in the shaping groove 4 during continuous forging, resulting in the problem of rough surface filtration of the forging after forging. A ash collecting box 72 is fixed at the position of each arcuate through groove 71 at the bottom of the workbench 3, and the bottom of the ash collecting box 72 is inclined. The ash collecting box 72 is provided with an ash discharge port 73 at the bottom of the inclined surface. By setting the ash collecting box 72 below the arcuate through grooves 71, the ash slag can be collected, and the ash slag flying affects the surrounding environment. The ash discharge port 73 below the inclined surface of the ash collecting box 72 can be opened to discharge the collected dust for centralized treatment.

[0038] How it works

[0039] When in use, the servo motor 83 is started to drive the second gear 82 to rotate. When the second gear 82 rotates, the rotating rod 51 is driven to move and rotate through the meshing second gear 82, and the radial rotation of the supporting ring 54 is limited by the limiting plate 56, so that when the rotating rod 51 rotates, the limiting block 511 will abut against the inner wall of the guide groove 521, thereby forcing the rotating cylinder 52 to make an upward linear motion on the outer wall of the rotating rod 51, thereby driving the connecting rod 53 to connect the ejector rod 55 on the supporting ring 54 to lift upward, so as to facilitate the ejection of the forging and avoid the problem that the forging is stuck in the shaping groove 4 due to the deformation generated during the forging process, which affects the removal of the forging. In addition, by setting a connecting frame 62 to connect the supporting ring 54 and the rotating ring 61, the rotating rod 51 can continue to rotate when the ejector rod 55 completely ejects the forging material. Since the ejector rod 55 is in Inside the shaping groove 4, the ejector rod 55 will not rotate with the support ring 54, but will stay in place. The swivel ring 61 connected to the support ring 54 through the connecting frame 62 will rotate with it, and drive the ejected forging material to the position of the shaping groove 4 in the next forging process. By setting the arc-shaped through groove 71, the swivel ring 61 can rotate again while the positioning ring 63 can push out the ash produced by surface oxidation of the forging material after heating in the shaping groove 4, so as to avoid excessive ash accumulation inside the shaping groove 4 during continuous forging, resulting in the problem of rough surface filtration of the forging after forging. By setting an ash collecting box 72 below the arc-shaped through groove 71, the ash can be collected, and the ash scattering will not affect the surrounding environment. The ash discharge port 73 below the inclined surface of the ash collecting box 72 can be opened to discharge the collected dust for centralized treatment.

[0040] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), the top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a workbench (3) via a support frame (2), and the top of the workbench (3) is provided with four shaping grooves (4) arranged in a ring array; The workbench (3) is provided with a lifting mechanism (5) at the position of the shaping groove (4) for lifting the forging; A switching mechanism (6) is provided above the workbench (3) for cooperating with the lifting mechanism (5) to switch the forgings; An ash removal mechanism (7) is provided below the workbench (3) for removing the oxidized surface during forging. A driving mechanism (8) is provided on the top of the workbench (3) to drive the lifting mechanism (5) to operate; The lifting mechanism (5) comprises a rotating rod (51), the rotating rod (51) rotates at the top center of the base (1), the outer wall of the rotating rod (51) is movably sleeved with a rotating cylinder (52), the bottom of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (52) is connected to a supporting ring (54) through a connecting rod (53), and a push rod (55) is placed at the top of the supporting ring (54) corresponding to each shaping groove (4), and the top of the push rod (55) is flush with the bottom of the shaping groove (4).

2. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide grooves (521) are respectively provided on both sides of the rotating cylinder (52); a limiting block (511) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (51) at a position corresponding to each guide groove (521); and the limiting block (511) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove (521).

3. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is located inside the support ring (54) at a position corresponding to the push rod (55) and is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (56) for limiting the radial rotation of the support ring (54).

4. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide groove (521) is spiral-shaped and has a rotation angle of 180 degrees. When the limit block (511) is at the highest point of the inner wall of the guide groove (521), the top of the rotating rod (51) is flush with the top of the workbench (3).

5. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (8) comprises a first gear (81), the first gear (81) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod (51), the outer wall of the first gear (81) is meshingly connected to a second gear (82), and the top of the workbench (3) is connected to a servo motor (83) for driving the second gear (82) to rotate.

6. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching mechanism (6) comprises a rotating ring (61), the rotating ring (61) is rotatably connected to the top of the workbench (3), and a positioning ring (63) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring (61) corresponding to the position of each shaping groove (4).

7. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switching mechanism (6) further comprises a connecting frame (62), wherein the connecting frame (62) is radially slidably connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring (61) through a notch of the rotating ring (61), and one end of the bottom of the connecting frame (62) is fixedly connected to the supporting ring (54).

8. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash discharge mechanism (7) comprises four arc-shaped through grooves (71), the four arc-shaped through grooves (71) are opened on the top of the workbench (3), and the arc-shaped through grooves (71) are staggeredly arranged at positions between the shaping grooves (4).

9. The multi-station forging fixture for a pressure vessel according to claim 8, characterized in that: An ash collecting box (72) is fixed at the position of each arc-shaped through groove (71) at the bottom of the workbench (3), and the bottom of the ash collecting box (72) is arranged in an inclined manner. An ash discharge port (73) is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface of the ash collecting box (72).

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