Two-dimensional nano material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional nano material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of two-dimensional nano materials. The two-dimensional nano material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of a basic two-dimensional material; 5-35 parts of a modified inorganic substance; the preparation method comprises the following steps: surface treatment: firstly, carrying out surface treatment on graphene and rGO to remove impurities and defects on the surface and improve the reaction activity of the graphene and rGO; dispersing the treated graphene and rGO in a solvent, then adding a chemical group precursor, and reacting the precursor with functional groups on the surfaces of the graphene and rGO under a stirring condition to form chemical bonds so as to graft the chemical groups; and performing protonation or deprotonation treatment. Through functional modification, the material has stimulation response behaviors and electronic properties controlled by morphological conformation. The two-dimensional nano material has wide application prospects in the fields of electronic devices, sensors, energy storage materials and the like.

Description

Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of two-dimensional nanomaterials, and in particular to a two-dimensional nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. Background Art Two-dimensional materials refer to materials that are not nanoscale (1-100nm) and in which electrons can only move in two dimensions.

[0001] Two-dimensional materials are materials that can move freely in the plane (plane motion), such as nanofilms, superlattices, and quantum wells. The concept of two-dimensional materials was proposed in 2004 when the Geim team at the University of Manchester successfully separated a single atomic layer of graphite material, graphene. Nanomaterials refer to materials whose dimensions reach the nanometer scale in one, two or three dimensions. Nanomaterials can be divided into zero-dimensional materials, one-dimensional materials, two-dimensional materials and three-dimensional materials. Zero-dimensional materials refer to materials in which electrons cannot move freely, such as quantum dots, nanoparticles and powders. However, two-dimensional materials in existing technologies often lack sufficient stimulus responsiveness and morphological controllability, which limits their application in specific fields. To this end, the present invention provides a two-dimensional nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a two-dimensional nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A two-dimensional nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof, comprising: Basic two-dimensional materials, 50-90 parts; Modified inorganic substance, 5-35 parts; Chemical group precursor, 0.1 parts to 10 parts. Preferably: including: Basic 2D materials, 70 copies; modified inorganic substance, 20 parts; Chemical group precursor, 5 parts. Preferably: the basic two-dimensional material is graphene and reduced graphene oxide rGO. Preferably, the modified inorganic substance is any one of transition metal dichalcogenide and hexagonal boron nitride. Preferably, the chemical group precursor is an oxygen-containing group, a nitrogen-containing group or a halogen group. Preferably, the oxygen-containing group is any one of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, and an ether bond. Preferably, the nitrogen-containing group is an amino group or a nitro group. Preferably, the nitrogen-containing group is an amino group or a nitro group. A method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial comprises the following steps: S1: Surface treatment. First, graphene and rGO are surface treated to remove surface impurities and defects and improve their reactivity. S2: dispersing the treated graphene and rGO in a solvent, then adding a chemical group precursor, and allowing the precursor to react with the functional groups on the surface of graphene and rGO under stirring conditions to form chemical bonds, thereby grafting the chemical groups; S3: Protonation or deprotonation treatment, by adjusting the pH value of the solution or adding protonation / deprotonation reagents, the chemical groups undergo protonation or deprotonation processes and become positive ions 2D cations or negative ions 2D anions; S4: preparation of two-dimensional nanomaterials, preparing the above materials into two-dimensional nanomaterials; S5: Preparation of two-dimensional electrolytes, dispersing the functionalized two-dimensional nanosheets in a suitable electrolyte solution, so that the nanosheets are stably dispersed in the solution; S6: Post-treatment, washing the prepared two-dimensional electrolyte to remove unreacted chemical group precursors and impurities, and then obtaining the final two-dimensional nanomaterial through drying. Preferably: in the step S4, the two-dimensional nanomaterial is prepared by: Mechanical exfoliation: For bulk graphene and rGO, mechanical exfoliation, specifically tape method or laser thermal cutting method, is used to exfoliate single or multi-layer nanosheets from bulk materials; Liquid phase exfoliation method: The treated graphene and rGO are dispersed in a solvent, and the bulk materials are exfoliated into single-layer or multi-layer nanosheets by ultrasonic, electrochemical or chemical exfoliation methods; Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method: directly synthesize single-layer or multi-layer graphene and rGO on the substrate by chemical vapor deposition; Any one of . The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention has stimulus-responsive behavior and electronic properties controlled by morphological conformation through functional modification. This two-dimensional nanomaterial has broad application prospects in the fields of electronic devices, sensors, energy storage materials, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial proposed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected or set, or detachably connected or set, or integrally connected or set. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Embodiment 1: A two-dimensional nanomaterial comprising: Basic two-dimensional materials, 50-90 parts; Modified inorganic substance, 5-35 parts; Chemical group precursor, 0.1 parts to 10 parts. Embodiment 2: A two-dimensional nanomaterial comprising: Basic 2D materials, 70 copies; modified inorganic substance, 20 parts; Chemical group precursor, 5 parts. Embodiment 3: A two-dimensional nanomaterial comprising: Basic 2D materials, 70 copies; modified inorganic substance, 20 parts; Chemical group precursor, 5 parts. The basic two-dimensional material is graphene and reduced graphene oxide rGO. The modified inorganic substance is a transition metal disulfide compound. The chemical group precursor is an oxygen-containing group. The oxygen-containing group is any one of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, and an ether bond. Embodiment 4: A two-dimensional nanomaterial comprising: Basic 2D materials, 70 copies; modified inorganic substance, 20 parts; Chemical group precursor, 5 parts. The basic two-dimensional material is graphene and reduced graphene oxide rGO. The modified inorganic substance is hexagonal boron nitride. The chemical group precursor is a nitrogen-containing group. The nitrogen-containing group is an amino group or a nitro group. Embodiment 5: A two-dimensional nanomaterial comprising: Basic 2D materials, 70 copies; modified inorganic substance, 20 parts; Chemical group precursor, 5 parts. The basic two-dimensional materials are graphene and reduced graphene oxide rGO. The modified inorganic substance is hexagonal boron nitride. The chemical group precursor is a halogen group. The halogen group is any one of chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms. Embodiment 6: A method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial comprises the following steps: S1: Surface treatment. First, graphene and rGO are surface treated to remove surface impurities and defects and improve their reactivity. S2: dispersing the treated graphene and rGO in a solvent, then adding a chemical group precursor, and allowing the precursor to react with the functional groups on the surface of graphene and rGO under stirring conditions to form chemical bonds, thereby grafting the chemical groups; S3: Protonation or deprotonation treatment, by adjusting the pH value of the solution or adding protonation / deprotonation reagents, the chemical groups undergo protonation or deprotonation processes and become positive ions 2D cations or negative ions 2D anions; S4: preparation of two-dimensional nanomaterials, preparing the above materials into two-dimensional nanomaterials; S5: Preparation of two-dimensional electrolytes, dispersing the functionalized two-dimensional nanosheets in a suitable electrolyte solution, so that the nanosheets are stably dispersed in the solution; S6: Post-treatment, washing the prepared two-dimensional electrolyte to remove unreacted chemical group precursors and impurities, and then obtaining the final two-dimensional nanomaterial through drying. In step S4, the two-dimensional nanomaterial is prepared by: Mechanical exfoliation: For bulk graphene and rGO, mechanical exfoliation, specifically tape method or laser thermal cutting method, is used to exfoliate single or multi-layer nanosheets from bulk materials. Embodiment 7: A method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial comprises the following steps: S1: Surface treatment. First, graphene and rGO are surface treated to remove surface impurities and defects and improve their reactivity. S2: dispersing the treated graphene and rGO in a solvent, then adding a chemical group precursor, and allowing the precursor to react with the functional groups on the surface of graphene and rGO under stirring conditions to form chemical bonds, thereby grafting the chemical groups; S3: Protonation or deprotonation treatment, by adjusting the pH value of the solution or adding protonation / deprotonation reagents, the chemical groups undergo protonation or deprotonation processes and become positive ions 2D cations or negative ions 2D anions; S4: preparation of two-dimensional nanomaterials, preparing the above materials into two-dimensional nanomaterials; S5: Preparation of two-dimensional electrolytes, dispersing the functionalized two-dimensional nanosheets in a suitable electrolyte solution, so that the nanosheets are stably dispersed in the solution; S6: Post-treatment, washing the prepared two-dimensional electrolyte to remove unreacted chemical group precursors and impurities, and then obtaining the final two-dimensional nanomaterial through drying. In step S4, the two-dimensional nanomaterial is prepared by: Liquid phase exfoliation method: The treated graphene and rGO are dispersed in a solvent, and the bulk materials are exfoliated into single-layer or multi-layer nanosheets by ultrasonic, electrochemical or chemical exfoliation methods. Embodiment 8: A method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial comprises the following steps: S1: Surface treatment. First, graphene and rGO are surface treated to remove surface impurities and defects and improve their reactivity. S2: dispersing the treated graphene and rGO in a solvent, then adding a chemical group precursor, and allowing the precursor to react with the functional groups on the surface of graphene and rGO under stirring conditions to form chemical bonds, thereby grafting the chemical groups; S3: Protonation or deprotonation treatment, by adjusting the pH value of the solution or adding protonation / deprotonation reagents, the chemical groups undergo protonation or deprotonation processes and become positive ions 2D cations or negative ions 2D anions; S4: preparation of two-dimensional nanomaterials, preparing the above materials into two-dimensional nanomaterials; S5: Preparation of two-dimensional electrolytes, dispersing the functionalized two-dimensional nanosheets in a suitable electrolyte solution, so that the nanosheets are stably dispersed in the solution; S6: Post-treatment, washing the prepared two-dimensional electrolyte to remove unreacted chemical group precursors and impurities, and then obtaining the final two-dimensional nanomaterial through drying. In step S4, the two-dimensional nanomaterial is prepared by: Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method: Single-layer or multi-layer graphene and rGO are directly synthesized on the substrate by chemical vapor deposition. The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional nanomaterial, characterized in that: include: Basic two-dimensional materials, 50-90 parts; Modified inorganic substance, 5-35 parts; Chemical group precursor, 0.1 parts to 10 parts.

2. A two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Basic 2D materials, 70 copies; modified inorganic substance, 20 parts; Chemical group precursor, 5 parts.

3. A two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The basic two-dimensional materials are graphene and reduced graphene oxide rGO.

4. A two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The modified inorganic substance is any one of transition metal disulfide and hexagonal boron nitride.

5. A two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The chemical group precursor is an oxygen-containing group, a nitrogen-containing group or a halogen group.

6. A two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oxygen-containing group is any one of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, and an ether bond.

7. The two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nitrogen-containing group is an amino group or a nitro group.

8. The two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nitrogen-containing group is an amino group or a nitro group.

9. A method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial, which is the method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Surface treatment. First, graphene and rGO are surface treated to remove surface impurities and defects and improve their reactivity. S2: dispersing the treated graphene and rGO in a solvent, then adding a chemical group precursor, and allowing the precursor to react with the functional groups on the surface of graphene and rGO under stirring conditions to form chemical bonds, thereby grafting the chemical groups; S3: Protonation or deprotonation treatment, by adjusting the pH value of the solution or adding protonation / deprotonation reagents, the chemical groups undergo protonation or deprotonation processes and become positive ions 2D cations or negative ions 2D anions; S4: preparation of two-dimensional nanomaterials, preparing the above materials into two-dimensional nanomaterials; S5: Preparation of two-dimensional electrolytes, dispersing the functionalized two-dimensional nanosheets in a suitable electrolyte solution, so that the nanosheets are stably dispersed in the solution; S6: Post-treatment, washing the prepared two-dimensional electrolyte to remove unreacted chemical group precursors and impurities, and then obtaining the final two-dimensional nanomaterial through drying.

10. The method for preparing a two-dimensional nanomaterial according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S4, the two-dimensional nanomaterial is prepared by: Mechanical exfoliation: For bulk graphene and rGO, mechanical exfoliation, specifically tape method or laser thermal cutting method, is used to exfoliate single or multi-layer nanosheets from bulk materials; Liquid phase exfoliation method: The treated graphene and rGO are dispersed in a solvent, and the bulk material is exfoliated into single-layer or multi-layer nanosheets by ultrasonic, electrochemical or chemical exfoliation methods; Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method: directly synthesize single-layer or multi-layer graphene and rGO on the substrate by chemical vapor deposition; Any one of .

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