Camouflage material, hyperspectral camouflage coating and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a camouflage material, a hyperspectral camouflage coating and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of camouflage materials, and the molecular formula of the camouflage material is Co2Cr3TiLiNiO10. The camouflage material has the performance of simulating spectral characteristics of natural yellow and green plants and has a good bionic function, crystals of the camouflage material are of a spinel structure, and the camouflage material has the characteristics that the lightness value L is relatively low, the hue is relatively dark, a green camouflage coating is easier to prepare, the camouflage material has the characteristics of good aging resistance, good thermal stability and the like, and the camouflage material can be used as a green camouflage coating. The reflectivity of the infrared plateau area is higher, the camouflage performance is easier to realize, and the spectral characteristics of green vegetation can be better simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of camouflage materials, and in particular to a camouflage material, a hyperspectral camouflage coating, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At the beginning of the 21st century, hyperspectral technology was not widely used in many fields, but it has developed rapidly in the past decade. The camouflage performance of coatings includes visible light camouflage (0.38-0.76μm) and near-infrared camouflage (0.76-1.2μm). The camouflage performance is achieved by relying on the main camouflage material. The functional pigments that simulate the background environment of green plants are used to design new camouflage coatings, which can effectively simulate the spectral reflection curve and optical characteristics of vegetation and effectively counter hyperspectral detection technology. By reasonably controlling the surface roughness of the coating, reducing the gloss of the coating and the mirror reflection effect of the target, the coating surface is well scattered, which can reduce the probability of being discovered.

[0003] Patent CN111559152A discloses a hyperspectral camouflage material and a preparation method thereof, which includes a substrate, a hyperspectral material and a packaging film material stacked in sequence from bottom to top, and the hyperspectral performance of the modified material is achieved by three layers of materials. Patent CN112662254A discloses a visible light-near infrared hyperspectral camouflage coating, its preparation method and application, which is prepared from water-based resin, water-absorbing and water-retaining agent, network skeleton, color paste (including silica, chromium trioxide, nickel oxide, sodium copper chlorophyllin, titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide and other color pastes), water-based coating additives, etc. The sodium copper chlorophyllin used in the patent has poor aging resistance, is easy to age and discolor, cannot meet practical applications, and does not provide spectral reflection effect. Patent CN111978846A discloses a bionic visible light and near-infrared detection camouflage coating composition and a preparation method thereof, whose spectral absorption rate at 580-780nm obviously does not meet the requirements of GJB7928 and cannot meet the requirements of hyperspectral. Patent CN112143362A discloses a water-based chemical-resistant and weather-resistant visible-light near-infrared camouflage coating and its preparation method, which is composed of water-based resin, polyisocyanate, functional filler, water, dispersant, defoamer, pigment, potassium titanate whisker, and metal filler. The material is compounded by conventional pigments, and no data on hyperspectral camouflage performance is given. Patent CN104928801A discloses a method for preparing rare earth-doped chromium-cobalt composite oxide nanofibers, but the material has been fixed in the fiber during the preparation stage and cannot be toned to prepare the color of the corresponding background environment, and it is not shown that the material can be used to prepare hyperspectral camouflage materials. At present, pigments that can simulate yellow-green vegetation are not mature, and their spectral curves have a low degree of fit with the spectral characteristics of green vegetation, and cannot meet the spectral reflection channel requirements of typical backgrounds 100%. This patent uses lithium element to modify the cobalt / chromium system material, and then prepares a new type of camouflage material with narrow particle size distribution and nanometer-level high purity through a high-pressure synthesis reactor. The material is dark green and has a low lightness value L value. After being compounded with other yellow, black, red and other pigments, it can prepare a yellow-green camouflage coating, and its spectral curve can 100% meet the spectral reflection channel requirements of typical backgrounds.

[0004] In view of this, this application is filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a camouflage material, a hyperspectral camouflage coating, and a preparation method and application thereof. The camouflage material has the performance of simulating the spectral characteristics of yellow-green plants in nature and has good bionic functions. The crystal of the camouflage material is a spinel structure, which is characterized by a low lightness value L value, a darker hue, and is easier to modulate green camouflage coatings. It has good aging resistance and good thermal stability. Its reflectivity in the infrared plateau area is stronger, it is easier to achieve camouflage performance, and can better simulate the spectral characteristics of green vegetation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A camouflage material, molecular formula: Co2Cr3TiLiNiO 10 .

[0008] The camouflage material described in the present invention has the performance of simulating the spectral characteristics of yellow-green plants in nature and has good bionic functions. The crystal of the camouflage material is a spinel structure, which is characterized by a low lightness value L value, a darker hue, and is easier to modulate green camouflage paint. It has the characteristics of good aging resistance and good thermal stability. Its reflectivity in the infrared plateau area is stronger, and it has similarity with the spectral curve prepared by green, which makes it easier to achieve camouflage performance and can better simulate the spectral characteristics of green vegetation. In particular, the yellow-green camouflage paint with a spectral reflectance curve similar to that of yellow-green vegetation has practical significance.

[0009] The camouflage material of the present invention has a single structure, a narrow particle size distribution, and a fineness of only nanometer level.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the camouflage material is dark green in the visible light band, and the camouflage material has the characteristics of a simulated vegetation spectrum curve in the wavelength range of 380 to 1200 nm.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 740 to 1100 nm is 0.57 to 0.67; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 1100 to 1200 nm is 0.32 to 0.59; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 440 to 530 nm is 0.30 to 0.44; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 710 to 730 nm is 0.15 to 0.46; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 540 to 560 nm is 0.11 to 0.27.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a camouflage material, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Weigh chromium chloride solution, titanium tetrachloride solution, nickel chloride solution, lithium chloride solution and cobalt nitrate solution according to the stoichiometric ratio of the camouflage material;

[0014] Add chromium chloride solution, titanium tetrachloride solution and nickel chloride solution to acetone, stir evenly, then add lithium chloride solution and cobalt nitrate solution, stir evenly, then add ammonia solution to adjust the pH to 7-8, react and precipitate, filter, wash, dry, calcine, wash, and dry to obtain a camouflage material.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the chromium chloride solution is 0.01 to 2 mol / L;

[0016] The concentration of the titanium tetrachloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L;

[0017] The concentration of the nickel chloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L;

[0018] The concentration of the lithium chloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L;

[0019] The concentration of the cobalt nitrate solution is 0.01-2 mol / L.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass fraction of the ammonia water is 1 to 20%.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calcination temperature is 850-1100° C., and the calcination time is 2-10 hours.

[0022] The volume of acetone is 4 to 20 times the total volume of the chromium chloride solution, the titanium tetrachloride solution and the nickel chloride solution.

[0023] The present invention uses propanol as a solvent to replace conventional water as a solvent for the synthesis of the precursor, which can effectively prevent the hard agglomeration of the precipitate, obtain a precursor with a single molecular structure, and the optical stability of the material prepared later is better. The organic amine is used to adjust the pH value, the reaction activity is moderate, and it is milder than the sodium hydroxide precipitation precursor, which prevents the formed precipitate from agglomerating and makes it easier to control the particle size distribution.

[0024] The present invention can obtain a dark green new camouflage material by adjusting the calcination temperature. The crystal of the dark green new camouflage material is a spinel structure, which has the characteristics of low lightness L value, dark hue, easier preparation of green camouflage paint, good aging resistance, good thermal stability and the like.

[0025] More specifically, the method for preparing the camouflage material comprises the following steps:

[0026] Weigh chromium chloride solution, titanium tetrachloride solution, nickel chloride solution, lithium chloride solution and cobalt nitrate solution according to the stoichiometric ratio of the camouflage material;

[0027] Add chromium chloride solution, titanium tetrachloride solution and nickel chloride solution to acetone, stir evenly, then add lithium chloride solution and cobalt nitrate solution, stir evenly, then add ammonia solution to adjust the pH to 7-8, react at 1-1.5 MPa and 80-95°C to precipitate, filter, wash with a mixture of ethanol and water, dry at 90-120°C, crush, heat at a heating rate of 10-50°C / min, calcine, wash with 3-5% dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and dry at 90-120°C to obtain a camouflage material.

[0028] The present invention also provides an application of a camouflage material in preparing a camouflage tent, a parachute, a camouflage net, a power station and a radar.

[0029] The present invention also provides a hyperspectral camouflage coating, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of resin, 1 to 5 parts of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.6 parts of defoamer, 0.2 to 0.8 parts of anti-sagging aid, 0.2 to 0.6 parts of leveling agent, 10 to 20 parts of solvent, 4 to 8 parts of yellow pigment, 1 to 4 parts of black pigment, 0.2 to 0.6 parts of red pigment, 15 to 25 parts of camouflage material, and 4 to 6 parts of matting agent;

[0030] The camouflage material is the camouflage material described above.

[0031] The resin described in the present invention comprises at least one of acrylic resin, fluorocarbon resin, polyurethane resin, alkyd resin, polyester resin and epoxy resin.

[0032] Wherein, the solvent includes at least one of dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, acetone, N,N-dimethylformamide, xylene, trimethylbenzene, butyl acetate, isopropanol, ethanol, and n-propyl acetate.

[0033] Wherein, the defoaming agent includes at least one of a mineral oil modified copolymer, a silicone defoaming agent, and a polyether modified silicone defoaming agent.

[0034] The camouflage coating composed of the hyperspectral camouflage material of the present invention solves the problem that the spectral reflectance curve of the current yellow-green camouflage patch is difficult to meet the spectral reflectance channel requirements 100%. It is used to simulate the vegetation spectral characteristics of the yellow-green background environment, and the spectral reflectance slope of the coating at 720nm is 6.75, which is significantly better than the requirement of not less than 4.5 of GJB798A-2021. The slope at 720nm is similar to the slope of green vegetation, which can better simulate the spectral characteristics of green vegetation; the spectral reflectance factor at a wavelength of 680nm is 7.2%, which is better than the requirement of not more than 10%; the KG value of the rainbow outer characteristic is 5.6, which is better than the requirement of not less than 5 of the national military standard 798A-2021. Its spectral characteristics and rainbow outer characteristics are very similar to the spectral characteristics and rainbow outer characteristics of yellow-green vegetation, indicating that the camouflage coating can have good compatibility with the yellow-green vegetation background environment.

[0035] The present invention also provides an application of a hyperspectral camouflage coating in the preparation of camouflage tents, parachutes, camouflage nets, power stations, and radars.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The camouflage material of the present invention has the performance of simulating the spectral characteristics of yellow-green plants in nature and has good bionic functions. The crystal of the camouflage material is a spinel structure, which is characterized by a low lightness value L value, a darker hue, and is easier to modulate green camouflage paint. It has good aging resistance and good thermal stability. Its reflectivity in the infrared plateau area is stronger, and its spectral curve is similar to that prepared by green, which makes it easier to achieve camouflage performance and can better simulate the spectral characteristics of green vegetation. In particular, the yellow-green camouflage paint with a spectral reflectance curve similar to that of yellow-green vegetation has practical significance. (2) The camouflage paint composed of the hyperspectral camouflage material of the present invention solves the problem that the spectral reflectance curve of the current yellow-green camouflage patch is difficult to 100% meet the spectral reflectance channel requirements. It is used to simulate the spectral characteristics of vegetation in a yellow-green background environment, and the spectral reflectance slope of the coating at 720nm is 6.75, which is significantly better than the requirement of not less than 4.5 in GJB798A-2021. The slope at 720nm is similar to the slope of green vegetation, which can better simulate the spectral characteristics of green vegetation; the spectral reflectance factor at a wavelength of 680nm is 7.2%, which is better than the requirement of not more than 10%; the KG value of the rainbow extra-characteristic is 5.6, which is better than the requirement of not less than 5 in the national military standard 798A-2021. Its spectral characteristics and extra-rainbow characteristics are very similar to the spectral characteristics and extra-rainbow characteristics of yellow-green vegetation, indicating that the camouflage coating can be well integrated with the yellow-green vegetation background environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a spectral reflection curve diagram of the camouflage material of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2It is a spectral reflection curve diagram of the camouflage coating of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] In the present application, the technical features described in an open manner include closed technical solutions composed of the listed features, and also include open technical solutions containing the listed features.

[0041] In this application, when it comes to numerical ranges, unless otherwise specified, the above numerical ranges are deemed to be continuous and include the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as each value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range is included. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein.

[0042] In the present application, there is no particular limitation on the specific dispersion and stirring treatment methods.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, the components, raw materials or instruments used in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are all commercially available raw materials or instruments, and the components and raw materials used in each parallel experiment are all of the same kind.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0045] The following examples are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention. These examples are not provided to limit the scope of the claims.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A camouflage material with the molecular formula Co2Cr3TiLiNiO 10 The preparation process is as follows:

[0048] (1) According to the disguised material Co2Cr3TiLiNiO10 Weigh chromium chloride solution, titanium tetrachloride solution, nickel chloride solution, lithium chloride solution and cobalt nitrate solution in a stoichiometric ratio;

[0049] (2) Add 0.1mol / L chromium chloride solution, 0.1mol / L titanium tetrachloride solution, and 0.1mol / L nickel chloride solution to the propanol solution, heat to 90°C, start stirring at a speed of 500r / min, and simultaneously drop 0.1mol / L lithium chloride solution and 0.1mol / L cobalt nitrate solution, drop for 20min, and continue to keep warm and stir for 50min after the addition is completed to obtain a mixed solution; transfer the mixed solution to a high-pressure reactor. Control the temperature at 90°C and the pressure at 1.2MPa, slowly drop 5% ammonia solution, stir while dropping, adjust the speed to 500r / min, adjust the pH value to 7-8, slowly precipitate, and after the addition of ammonia, keep warm and react for 4h to obtain a precursor, perform reduced pressure distillation on the precursor, and the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa, then cool to room temperature to precipitate the material, and pour the precipitated material onto a filter cloth for suction filtration. Then, the filter cake was washed with a mixture of ethanol and water (ethanol: water = 1:1), and the washed filter cake was placed in a fluidized bed for drying at a baking temperature of 100° C. and a drying time of 10 h.

[0050] (2) The dried filter cake is put into a ball mill and crushed into powder, and then the powder is put into a muffle furnace for high-temperature calcination. The heating rate of the muffle furnace is set to 30℃ / min, and the sintering temperature is 935℃. Then the set temperature is maintained for 3.5h. The calcined dark green camouflage material is naturally cooled to room temperature, and then the sintered camouflage material is washed again with 0.05mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid. The impurities are washed three times, and then rinsed three times with a mixture of ethanol and water (ethanol: water = 1:1). The washed material is placed on a filter cloth for vacuum filtration, and the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa; the washed filter cake is placed in a fluidized bed again for drying, and the baking temperature is 120℃, and the drying time is 2h, to obtain a high-purity dark green camouflage material with a fineness of 35-50nm and a single molecular structure.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A method for preparing a hyperspectral camouflage coating comprises the following steps:

[0053] Add 50 parts of water-based acrylic resin, 3 parts of dispersant 4010, 0.3 parts of defoamer BYK066N, 0.5 parts of anti-sagging agent Benton52, 0.5 parts of leveling agent BYK331, 5 parts of xylene, 3.5 parts of trimethylbenzene, and 4.87 parts of butyl acetate to the dispersion tank in order, turn on the disperser, adjust the speed to 500r / min, and slowly add 5.21 parts of medium chrome yellow pigment, 2.33 parts of blackL0086 black, 0.52 parts of 254 red pigment, and 19.67 parts of new dark green camouflage material under stirring. After all materials are added, increase the speed to 1000r / min for high-speed dispersion, stir at high speed for 25 minutes, heat to 50℃ to activate the anti-sagging agent Benton52, so that it can form a network structure, thicken the paint, and prevent the paint from sagging during construction, and then keep it warm and disperse for 20 minutes to form a pre-dispersion liquid. Then the dispersed pre-dispersed liquid is input into a sand mill for sand grinding. The flow rate of the sand mill is controlled to be 30 L / h, the temperature is controlled not higher than 60° C., and the fineness of the ground material is 20 μm.

[0054] Then put the ground slurry into a dispersion tank, and then add 4.6 parts of C805 matting powder for matting. The matting powder must be added slowly and added while stirring at a speed of 500-600r / min. After the matting powder is added, the speed is adjusted to 800r / min to disperse the matting powder. High-speed dispersion and stirring for 25 minutes until the paint fineness is 32μm and the gloss is 4.6°, and a yellow-green high-spectrum camouflage coating is obtained.

[0055] The yellow-green camouflage coating was sprayed on the sample, and the basic mechanical and physical properties and spectral characteristics of the sample were tested. The performance test results are shown in Table 1. Among them, the parameters such as the rainbow out-of-rainbow characteristics, spectral reflection curve, spectral reflection factor R680 at 680nm wavelength, and spectral reflection slope K720 at 720nm are all spectral characteristics of green vegetation. If the prepared camouflage coating is to play a bionic role, its spectral characteristics should be similar to those of green vegetation.

[0056] The performance test data of the camouflage coating prepared by this patent are shown in Table 1. The spectral reflectance curves of the camouflage material and camouflage coating meet the spectral channel conditions. Figure 1 , 2 ; The spectral reflectance data are shown in Table 2 and Table 3. The spectral reflectance factor R680 and the spectral reflectance slope K720 can be calculated according to the corresponding formula through the spectral reflectance, and the spectral reflectance curve can be drawn.

[0057] Table 1

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Table 2

[0061]

[0062] Table 3

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] It can be seen from this that the camouflage material described in the present invention has the performance of simulating the spectral characteristics of yellow-green plants in nature and has good bionic functions. The crystal of the camouflage material is a spinel structure, which is characterized by a low lightness value L value and a darker hue. It is easier to modulate green camouflage coatings, has good aging resistance, good thermal stability, etc. Its reflectivity in the infrared plateau area is stronger, and its spectral curve is similar to that prepared with green, which makes it easier to achieve camouflage performance and can better simulate the spectral characteristics of green vegetation, especially the yellow-green camouflage coating with a similar spectral reflectance curve to yellow-green vegetation. It has practical significance.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A camouflage material, characterized in that: Molecular formula: Co2Cr3TiLiNiO 10 .

2. The camouflage material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camouflage material is dark green in the visible light band, and has the characteristics of a simulated vegetation spectrum curve in the wavelength range of 380 to 1200 nm.

3. The camouflage material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 740 to 1100 nm is 0.57 to 0.67; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 1100 to 1200 nm is 0.32 to 0.59; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 440 to 530 nm is 0.30 to 0.44; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 710 to 730 nm is 0.15 to 0.46; the reflectance of the camouflage material in the wavelength range of 540 to 560 nm is 0.11 to 0.

27.

4. The method for preparing the camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Weigh chromium chloride solution, titanium tetrachloride solution, nickel chloride solution, lithium chloride solution and cobalt nitrate solution according to the stoichiometric ratio of the camouflage material; Add chromium chloride solution, titanium tetrachloride solution and nickel chloride solution to acetone, stir evenly, then add lithium chloride solution and cobalt nitrate solution, stir evenly, then add ammonia solution to adjust the pH to 7-8, react and precipitate, filter, wash, dry, calcine, wash, and dry to obtain a camouflage material.

5. The method for preparing the camouflage material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the chromium chloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L; The concentration of the titanium tetrachloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L; The concentration of the nickel chloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L; The concentration of the lithium chloride solution is 0.01-2 mol / L; The concentration of the cobalt nitrate solution is 0.01-2 mol / L.

6. The method for preparing the camouflage material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the ammonia water is 1-20%.

7. The method for preparing the camouflage material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calcination temperature is 850-1100° C., and the calcination time is 2-10 hours.

8. Use of the camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of camouflage tents, parachutes, camouflage nets, power stations, and radars.

9. A hyperspectral camouflage coating, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of resin, 1 to 5 parts of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.6 parts of defoamer, 0.2 to 0.8 parts of anti-sagging agent, 0.2 to 0.6 parts of leveling agent, 10 to 20 parts of solvent, 4 to 8 parts of yellow pigment, 1 to 4 parts of black pigment, 0.2 to 0.6 parts of red pigment, 15 to 25 parts of camouflage material, and 4 to 6 parts of matting agent; The camouflage material is the camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. Use of the hyperspectral camouflage coating according to claim 9 in the preparation of camouflage tents, parachutes, camouflage nets, power stations, and radars.

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