Rapid and efficient low-temperature dyeing process for wool and cashmere
By using low-temperature dyeing technology and special dyeing additives in the wool/cashmere dyeing process, the energy consumption and fiber damage caused by high temperature and long-term in the traditional dyeing process are solved, and efficient and uniform dyeing effect and high color fastness are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411894117.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
The traditional wool/cashmere dyeing process requires high temperature and long time, resulting in large energy consumption, serious fiber damage, uneven dyeing effect and poor color fastness.
A fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process is adopted. By preparing dyeing additives and dyes in the secondary cylinder and fully mixing them with wool or cashmere in the main cylinder, the dyeing temperature is controlled between 85℃-90℃, shortening the dyeing time.
It significantly shortens the dyeing time, improves dyeing efficiency and color fastness, reduces energy consumption and fiber damage, and ensures uniform dyeing effect and bright colors.
Smart Images
Figure CN119640599A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dyeing, and in particular relates to a fast, efficient and low-temperature dyeing process for wool and cashmere. Background Art
[0002] Wool and cashmere fibers have excellent natural properties and are widely used in high-end clothing, home textiles and other fields. However, the traditional wool / cashmere dyeing process usually requires a higher dyeing temperature and a longer dyeing time, which not only increases energy consumption, but also easily causes damage to the wool / cashmere fibers, such as shrinkage, deformation, and decreased color fastness. With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the textile industry is required to reduce resource consumption and pollution emissions, and the development of an energy-saving, high-efficiency, and low-temperature dyeing process has become an important trend in the development of the industry. At present, although low-temperature dyeing technology has been studied and applied to a certain extent, there are still some problems in the existing technology, such as insufficient color yield of the dye, poor color fastness, uneven dyeing, unsaturated color, poor covering of the hair root and hair tip, and serious color difference. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new low-temperature dyeing process suitable for wool / cashmere to improve the dyeing effect and reduce the negative impact on the environment. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process suitable for wool and cashmere, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption, uneven dyeing, poor color fastness, and great fiber damage in the prior art. The problem of dyeing through and evenly at the hair root and hair tip is significantly improved, and the color yield and fastness are high, especially the color yield of the dye is significantly improved and the use cost of the dye is reduced.
[0004] The specific technical solutions are as follows: A fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process for wool and cashmere, comprising the following steps: 1) Prepare dyeing auxiliaries in the auxiliary vat, including dyeing auxiliaries E, dyeing auxiliaries F and formic acid, and introduce them into the main vat containing wool or cashmere. The main vat starts to operate in a cycle to fully mix the auxiliaries and wool or cashmere; 2) Prepare dye in the auxiliary vat, the amount of dye is 2-10% of the weight of the wool or cashmere to be dyed, and introduce it into the main vat containing wool or cashmere; 3) Complete the dyeing steps according to the dyeing process curve; 4) Add ammonia water and cleaning aid G to remove unfixed dyes and impurities; 5) Add cleaning aid H to remove floating color and improve fastness 6) Drying.
[0005] Preferably, the dye is a reactive dye for wool, an acid dye or a mordant dye.
[0006] Preferably, the dyeing auxiliary E comprises polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether and maleic acid di-secondary octyl ester sulfonate. The weight content of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether in the dyeing auxiliary E is 15%, which has excellent penetration, swelling, emulsification and dispersion functions, the weight content of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether is 12%, which has the functions of leveling and promoting dyeing, maleic acid di-secondary octyl ester sulfonate is preferably maleic acid di-secondary octyl ester sulfonate sodium, and its weight content is 10%, which has the functions of penetration, leveling, protecting fibers and dispersion, and the remaining components are water.
[0007] Preferably, the dyeing auxiliary agent F includes tetradecyl dimethyl amine oxide, betaine and diethylene glycol butyl ether, wherein the weight percentage of tetradecyl dimethyl amine oxide in the dyeing auxiliary agent F is 10%, which is beneficial to the adsorption, dyeing and fixation of the dye, the weight percentage of betaine in the dyeing auxiliary agent F is 20%, which has the effect of increasing the dye seat, promoting the dyeing and fixation of the dye, the weight percentage of diethylene glycol butyl ether in the dyeing auxiliary agent F is 8%, which has the functions of solubilization, penetration, emulsification and dispersion, and the remaining components are water.
[0008] Preferably, the cleaning aid G includes methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate and sodium maleic acrylate. The methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate is preferably sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, which has the functions of dispersing, soaping and anti-staining, and accounts for 80% by weight of the cleaning aid G. The sodium maleic acrylate is preferably sodium maleic acrylate, which has the functions of dispersing, soaping and anti-staining, and accounts for 20% by weight of the cleaning aid G.
[0009] Preferably, the cleaning aid H includes percarbonate and sodium acrylate. The percarbonate is sodium percarbonate, which has the functions of removing floating color, improving fastness and reducing the number of water washing times, accounting for 76% by weight of the cleaning aid F. The sodium acrylate is sodium acrylate, which has the functions of dispersing and soaping, accounting for 24% by weight of the cleaning aid F.
[0010] Preferably, the dyeing temperature in the dyeing process step is 85°C-90°C, and the dyeing time is 60-90 minutes. The present invention reduces the dyeing temperature to a range of 85°C-90°C by controlling the temperature during the dyeing process, which is much lower than the temperature required by the traditional dyeing process (generally above 98°C), thereby reducing energy consumption, protecting the fiber structure, and reducing damage to wool / cashmere. Within this temperature range, the dye can better penetrate into the wool / cashmere fiber to achieve a good dyeing effect.
[0011] Technical effects of the present invention: The wool and cashmere fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process of the present invention significantly shortens the dyeing time compared with the traditional high-temperature dyeing process. By optimizing the fluidity of the dyeing solution and the contact effect between the dyeing solution and the fiber, the present invention saves nearly half the time compared with the traditional process. For example, dyeing black loose fiber cashmere can save nearly 4 hours. This not only improves the dyeing efficiency, but also reduces the energy consumption in the dyeing process.
[0012] The fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process for wool and cashmere of the present invention can also protect the fiber structure, reduce the thermal damage of wool / cashmere, maintain its natural softness and comfort, and avoid shrinkage and deformation that may occur during high-temperature dyeing.
[0013] Due to the use of low-temperature dyeing and the combination of special dyeing auxiliaries, the process can significantly improve color fastness, especially washing fastness and rubbing fastness, thereby improving the quality and durability of the final product. In the dyeing process, no other auxiliaries need to be added to complete the dyeing. The dye of the present invention has a wide range of applications and is suitable for all dyes for dyeing wool and cashmere, such as acid dyes, reactive dyes, neutral dyes, and mordant dyes.
[0014] The dyeing auxiliaries E and F used have dye-carrying effects, which can enhance the penetration of dyes into the fiber and help the rapid absorption of dyes, so that no ring spots will appear during dyeing; they have dispersing and penetrating effects, preventing dyes from agglomerating. The dyeing auxiliaries have active groups, which can increase the dyeing base of the fiber, and fully color the dye at low temperatures; they have a leveling effect, which reduces the risk of color spots caused by rapid heating, reduces the uneven dyeing of wool due to different origins, reduces the uneven coloring of hair roots and hair tips, and makes the dyed fabric full and even; they can promote dye absorption, make the dye completely absorbed, improve the color yield, improve the color reproducibility, make the foot water almost completely clean, reduce the amount of dyes, and reduce the pressure of sewage treatment; they can make the dye enter the fiber at low temperatures, greatly reduce the damage or hydrolysis of the fiber at high temperatures, improve the spinnability of the fiber, and also reduce energy consumption. The dye can be fully fixed and the color yield can be increased by 10~20%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is the process curve diagram of Example 1.
[0016] Figure 2 It is the process curve diagram of Example 2.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a dyeing process diagram of Example 3.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a post-processing process diagram of Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.
[0020] Terra Black CE (Jiangsu Yuanqi New Material Technology Co., Ltd., reactive dyes for wool) Terrasol Red 6G (Jiangsu Yuanqi New Material Technology Co., Ltd., reactive dye for wool) Terrasol Red 2G (Jiangsu Yuanqi New Material Technology Co., Ltd., reactive dye for wool) Active Leveling Agent B for Wool (Archroma Chemicals (China) Co., Ltd.) Defoaming penetrant FFA (Archroma Chemicals (China) Co., Ltd.) Soap detergent (BASF, Degu SNS) Example 1: Rapid and efficient low-temperature dyeing repair process for wool
[0021] Raw materials and equipment: 1. Made of 100% pure wool bulk fiber, weight is 50Kg.
[0022] 2. Technology Figure 1 Dyes, dye auxiliaries and dosage in: A. Additive E: 1Kg Additive F: 1Kg Formic acid: 1.75Kg B. Terra Black CE: 4Kg C1: Ammonia: 2Kg C2: Ammonia: 1Kg Additive G: 1Kg D: Additive H: 1Kg 3. Dyeing equipment: Use 50KG loose fiber dyeing machine with a dyeing liquid capacity of 500KG.
[0023] Steps:
[0024] 1. Adding auxiliaries: According to the weight of wool, prepare dyeing solution at a dye concentration of 8% (that is, the weight of dye is 8% of the weight of wool). Add auxiliaries E, F and formic acid into the auxiliary tank respectively, dissolve them, and then put them into the main tank and run for 10 minutes.
[0025] 2. Add dye: After the dye is dissolved in 50-degree warm water in the auxiliary tank, add it into the main tank and run it for 10 minutes.
[0026] 3. Dyeing process: Dyeing is completed according to the dyeing process curve.
[0027] 4. Post-dyeing treatment: After dyeing is completed, the process set by the process flow is carried out to remove unfixed dyes and impurities. Then, the wool is placed in a radio frequency dryer for drying.
[0028] Note: After the insulation is finished, the temperature is circulated to 70℃ (water replenishment cycle temperature is 70℃), ammonia water is dissolved in the auxiliary tank, low temperature is introduced, the pH is adjusted to 8.0, and it runs at 70℃ for 15 minutes, and the water is drained.
[0029] Process curve such as Figure 1 shown.
[0030] result:
[0031] Dyeing effect: After 90 minutes of fast, efficient and low-temperature dyeing and repair process, the wool fibers evenly absorb and fix the dye. The dyeing effect is full and uniform, the colors are bright, the roots and tips of the hair are evenly colored, and the dyeing depth meets the expected requirements.
[0032] Color fastness: The dyed wool has good color fastness after washing and friction tests, with washing fastness of 4-5 and friction fastness of 3-4, meeting the requirements for commercial use.
[0033] Fiber state: Wool fiber is soft and maintains its natural structure, with no obvious shrinkage or deformation, and feels comfortable Example 2: Rapid and efficient low-temperature dyeing and repair process for cashmere
[0034] Raw materials and equipment:
[0035] 1. Made of 100% pure cashmere bulk fiber, weight is 75Kg.
[0036] 2. Technology Figure 2 Dyes, dye auxiliaries and dosage in: A. Additive E: 1.5Kg Additive F: 1.5Kg Formic acid: 2.625Kg B. Terrasol Red 6G: 2.25Kg Terrasol Red 2G: 1.875Kg C1: Ammonia: 3Kg C2: Ammonia: 1.5Kg Additive G: 1.5Kg D: Additive H: 1.5Kg 4. Dyeing equipment: Use loose fiber dyeing machine with a dyeing liquid capacity of 750KG.
[0037] Steps:
[0038] 1. Adding auxiliaries: Prepare dyeing solution according to the weight of cashmere and the required dye concentration. Add auxiliaries E, F and formic acid into the auxiliary tank respectively, dissolve them, and then put them into the main tank and run for 10 minutes.
[0039] 2. Add dye: After the dye is dissolved in 50-degree warm water in the auxiliary tank, add it into the main tank and run it for 10 minutes.
[0040] 3. Dyeing process: Dyeing is completed according to the dyeing process curve.
[0041] 4. Post-dyeing treatment: After dyeing is completed, the process set by the process flow is carried out to remove unfixed dyes and impurities. Then, the cashmere is placed in a radio frequency dryer for drying.
[0042] Note: After the insulation is finished, the temperature is circulated to 70℃ (water replenishment cycle temperature is 70℃), ammonia water is dissolved in the auxiliary tank, low temperature is introduced, the pH is adjusted to 8.0, and it runs at 70℃ for 15 minutes, and the water is drained.
[0043] Process curve such as Figure 2 shown.
[0044] result:
[0045] Dyeing effect: The cashmere after dyeing has bright color and uniform depth, meeting the color requirements of high-end cashmere fabrics.
[0046] Color fastness: Washing fastness is level 4-5, rubbing fastness is level 3-4, meeting the use standards of high-quality cashmere fabrics.
[0047] Fiber state: Cashmere fibers retain their natural softness and luster, and do not shrink or harden after dyeing using this process. Example 3: Comparative Experiment
[0048] In order to further verify the superiority of the dyeing process of the present invention, this embodiment conducted a comparative experiment with the traditional high-temperature dyeing process.
[0049] The experimental setup is as follows: wool dyeing is carried out using the traditional high temperature 98°C dyeing process, using 100% pure wool bulk fiber with a weight of 50Kg.
[0050] Dyeing process such as Figure 3 As shown, the dyes and auxiliaries and their dosage are as follows: A. Active leveling agent B for wool: 1Kg Defoaming penetrant FFA: 1Kg Formic acid: 1.75Kg B. Terra Black CE: 4Kg Post-processing steps such as Figure 4 As shown, the dosage of additives is as follows: C: Ammonia: 1.5Kg D: Soap detergent: 1Kg E: Soap detergent: 1Kg The experimental results show that when comparing Example 1 and Example 3: 1. Dyeing effect: The fast, efficient and low-temperature dyeing process has a dyeing depth that is 10% deeper than the traditional process, with better dyeing uniformity, brighter colors and better saturation.
[0051] 2. Energy efficiency comparison: The fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process takes 4 hours and 5 minutes, while the traditional process takes 6 hours and 58 minutes. The fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process saves about 40% of time, reduces energy consumption, and improves production efficiency.
[0052] 3. Color fastness: The color fastness test results of the fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process are the same as those of the traditional process. The washing fastness reaches level 4-5, and the dry rubbing fastness and wet rubbing fastness are half a level higher than those of the traditional process.
[0053] 4. Fiber state: The wool fibers dyed with fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process do not suffer from shrinkage and fiber damage commonly seen in high-temperature dyeing process, and maintain good softness and elasticity.
[0054] in conclusion:
[0055] Through the actual operation and comparative tests of the above embodiments, the rapid, efficient and low-temperature dyeing process for wool and cashmere provided by the present invention improves the dyeing quality of wool and cashmere while ensuring high dyeing effect and color fastness, improves production efficiency, significantly saves energy and reduces damage to fibers, and has broad application prospects and excellent commercial value.
[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fast and efficient low-temperature dyeing process for wool and cashmere, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Prepare dyeing auxiliaries in the auxiliary vat, including dyeing auxiliaries E, dyeing auxiliaries F and formic acid, and introduce them into the main vat containing wool or cashmere. The main vat starts to operate in a cycle to fully mix the auxiliaries and wool or cashmere; 2) Prepare dye in the auxiliary vat, the amount of dye is 2-10% of the weight of the wool or cashmere to be dyed, and introduce it into the main vat containing wool or cashmere; 3) Complete the dyeing steps according to the dyeing process curve; 4) Add ammonia water and cleaning aid G to remove unfixed dyes and impurities; 5) Add cleaning aid H to remove floating color and improve fastness; 6) Drying.
2. The dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dye is a reactive dye for wool, an acid dye or a mordant dye.
3. The dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dyeing auxiliary agent E comprises polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether and di-sec-octyl maleate sulfonate.
4. The dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dyeing auxiliary agent F comprises tetradecyl dimethyl amine oxide, betaine and diethylene glycol butyl ether.
5. The dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning aid G comprises methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate and sodium maleate of acrylic acid.
6. The dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning aid H includes percarbonate and sodium acrylate.
7. The dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the dyeing process, the dyeing temperature is 85° C.-90° C., and the dyeing time is 60-90 minutes.
8. The dyeing process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dyeing auxiliary agent E contains 15% polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, 12% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, and 10% maleic acid di-sec-octyl ester sulfonate.
9. The dyeing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The weight content of tetradecyl dimethyl amine oxide in the dyeing auxiliary agent F is 10%, the weight content of betaine is 20%, and the weight content of diethylene glycol butyl ether is 8%.
10. The dyeing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The weight content of methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate in the cleaning aid is 80%, and the weight content of maleic acid acrylate is 20%.