Groove excavation protection alarm device and protection method

Abstract

The trench excavation protection alarm device comprises a frame arranged in a trench, protection plates are arranged on the two sides, close to the trench wall, of the frame, stress monitoring sensors are arranged on the protection plates, and the induction ends of the stress monitoring sensors are in induction fit with the trench wall on the corresponding side; a warning assembly extending out of the groove is arranged at the top of the frame, a controller is arranged in the frame, and the warning assembly is electrically connected with the stress monitoring sensor through the controller to form linkage fit; a plurality of top supporting rods are arranged at the top of the frame at equal intervals, a top sealing assembly is arranged at the bottoms of the top supporting rods, an instant intercepting assembly is arranged at the position, located below the top sealing assembly, of the middle of the top of the frame, and when soil on the two sides changes and the change amplitude exceeds the set range, the instant intercepting assembly is stopped. And the controller changes the state of the warning assembly and starts the top sealing assembly and the instantaneous intercepting assembly according to the change condition, so that the construction safety is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of trench excavation protection, in particular to a trench excavation protection alarm device and a protection method. Background Art

[0002] The monitoring equipment in the prior art is often unable to monitor the pressure changes of the surrounding soil in real time, resulting in a slow response speed when dangerous situations occur and an inability to effectively warn of impending soil collapse.

[0003] When the risk of soil collapse is detected, the response mechanism of existing protective facilities is not sensitive enough to take immediate measures to protect construction workers, increasing the risk of accidents.

[0004] Most protective measures are limited to physical barriers, such as fixed fences or baffles, which are of limited effectiveness in the face of sudden, large-scale soil collapse.

[0005] Existing technologies generally lack effective warning measures at night or in low visibility conditions, putting construction workers and passers-by working at night at risk. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a trench excavation protection alarm device and a protection method, aiming to solve the problems of slow response, failure to respond in time, lack of safety and risk of working at night in existing trench excavation protection devices.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A trench excavation protection alarm device comprises a frame placed in the trench, wherein both sides of the frame close to the trench wall are provided with protection plates, and stress monitoring sensors are provided on the protection plates, and the sensing ends of the stress monitoring sensors form a sensing match with the corresponding side trench walls; The top of the frame is provided with a warning component extending out of the groove, and a controller is provided inside the frame. The warning component is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor through the controller to form a linkage cooperation; The top of the frame is provided with a plurality of top support rods arranged at equal intervals, the bottom of the top support rods is provided with a top closing assembly, and the top closing assembly is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor through a controller to form a linkage match, and the top closing assembly includes a drivable folding plate, which forms a closed match with the top of the frame after being fully unfolded; An instantaneous interception component is provided in the middle position of the top of the frame below the top closing component. The instantaneous interception component is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor through a controller to form a linkage. The instantaneous interception component includes an airbag that can be detonated and filled, and the airbag is located below the folding plate.

[0008] Preferably, the warning component includes a vertical support rod vertically arranged on the top of the frame, and a sound and light alarm is provided on the top of the vertical support rod. The sound and light alarm is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor through a controller to form a linkage cooperation, and a night warning light strip arranged along the axial direction is provided on the outside of the vertical support rod.

[0009] As a more preferred embodiment, side wall baffles are provided on the tops of both sides of the vertical groove wall of the frame, and the bottoms of the side wall baffles cooperate with the frame to form a pedestrian passage.

[0010] Furthermore, a sliding plate is connected to the outer side of the side wall baffle in a damping sliding manner, and ladders are provided on the sliding plate and the side wall baffle.

[0011] Furthermore, the top closing assembly includes a folding plate which is arranged at the top of the frame and moves synchronously and oppositely, and a driving motor and a driving box are provided in the side wall baffle. The output shaft of the driving motor forms a linkage with the folding plate through the driving box, and the driving motor is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor through the controller to form a linkage.

[0012] Specifically, the top closing assembly also includes a wire drawing rod arranged in the middle position of the top of the frame, both ends of the wire drawing rod form a rotational fit with the inner side of the corresponding side wall baffle through the bearing seat, the end of the wire drawing rod forms a transmission fit with the output end of the drive box, and the input end of the drive box forms a transmission fit with the input shaft of the drive motor, threads in opposite directions are provided on both sides of the middle position of the wire drawing rod, and a reinforced slide rail parallel to the wire drawing rod is provided above the wire drawing rod, and sliders are provided on both sides of the wire drawing rod, and the sliders form a screw linkage fit with the wire drawing rod through a screw nut, and the two sliders move synchronously and oppositely, the tops of the sliders form a limited sliding fit with the reinforced slide rails, and a folding plate is provided between the slider and the inner wall of the adjacent side wall baffle, one end of the folding plate is hingedly matched with the corresponding inner wall of the side wall baffle, and the other end of the folding plate is hingedly matched with the corresponding bottom of the slider.

[0013] More specifically, the instantaneous interception component includes a fixed box, on both sides of which inclined end support rods are symmetrically arranged, and the two sides of the fixed box are fixedly matched with the protective plate through the end support rods, an explosive filling material is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixed box, an electronically controlled detonating part is provided on the fixed box, and the detonating part is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor through a controller to form a linkage cooperation, the output end of the detonating part is connected to the explosive filling material, and an airbag is provided on the top of the fixed box, and the airbag is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed box through an airway.

[0014] In detail, the airbag has a flat structure after deployment, and a reinforced edge is provided on the side of the airbag. A clamping beam is provided in the frame at the corresponding position of the reinforced edge. After the airbag is fully deployed, the reinforced edge is located directly above the corresponding clamping beam, and as the airbag moves downward, the reinforced edge and the corresponding clamping beam form a clamping limit fit.

[0015] In more detail, one end of the end support rod forms a fixed fit with the protective plate, and the other end of the end support rod forms a hinged fit with the fixed box. Conductive contacts are provided on both the hinge and the hinge groove, and the conductive contacts are located on the same rotating track. In the initial position, the two conductive contacts are arranged alternately and do not form an electrical connection. The conductive contacts are electrically connected to the drive motor and the detonation part through the controller to form a linkage fit.

[0016] The trench excavation protection method uses the trench excavation protection alarm device to provide protection and early warning for trench excavation, and includes the following steps: When the stress monitoring sensor detects that the soil on both sides is slowly changing and the change amplitude exceeds the set normal range, the top closing component is activated through the controller to drive the folding plate to the top of the closed frame to complete the protection; When the stress monitoring sensor detects that the soil on both sides changes rapidly and abnormally, and the change amplitude exceeds the set normal range, or the conductive contact forms an electrical connection, the top closing component and the instantaneous interception component are activated through the controller, and the airbag pops out quickly to form primary protection and provide buffer time for the driving of the folding plate. The folding plate is driven to the top of the closed frame to complete the protection; When the stress monitoring sensor detects that the soil change on both sides exceeds the set normal range or the conductive contact pieces form an electrical connection, the alarm component is activated through the controller.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention integrates stress monitoring sensors into the side monitoring position of the equipment, which can not only monitor the pressure changes of the surrounding soil in real time, but also predict potential collapse risks through intelligent data analysis, thereby improving the intelligent effect of the device. Compared with the traditional technology that only relies on manual observation and regular testing, it is more efficient and safer; 2. The instantaneous interception components include airbags and explosive fillers, which are used to expand rapidly when signs of collapse are detected to form a strong protective barrier. It can intercept falling soil and rocks in a very short time, greatly reducing the impact on the construction area and the workers' activity area. This is a protection speed that traditional protective facilities cannot achieve; 3. The top closure component is designed to automatically respond to monitored data, such as automatically closing the top when abnormal pressure is detected. As an automated high-intensity protection component, the high-intensity protection function greatly improves the reliability of protection measures and significantly improves safety compared to traditional manual or semi-automatic operation methods; 4. The warning component has specially added a night warning light strip to enhance the warning capability at night or in low visibility conditions. This is often overlooked in traditional equipment and is an important supplement to existing technologies, ensuring full-time safety warning coverage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional appearance schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an internal stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a left side schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the warning component of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic plan cross-sectional view of the instantaneous interception assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the reinforced edge and the clamping beam of the present invention; Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the conductive contact sheet of the present invention; In the figure: 1. frame; 2. protective plate; 3. stress monitoring sensor; 4. top support rod; 5. Warning component; 51. Vertical support rod; 52. Sound and light alarm; 53. Night warning light strip; 6. Top closing assembly; 61. Driving motor; 62. Driving box; 63. Drawing rod; 64. Folding plate; 65. Sliding block; 66. Strengthening slide rail; 7. Instantaneous interception assembly; 71. Fixed box; 72. Explosive filling material; 73. Airway; 74. End support rod; 75. Detonation part; 76. Airbag; 77. Reinforced edge; 78. Snap-on beam; 79. Conductive contact piece; 8. Pedestrian walkway; 9. Side wall baffle; 10. Ladder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] As follows, embodiments are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, as a preferred embodiment 1, a trench excavation protection alarm device comprises a frame 1 placed in the trench, and both sides of the frame 1 close to the trench wall are provided with protection plates 2, and both protection plates 2 are provided with stress monitoring sensors 3, and the sensing end of the stress monitoring sensor 3 forms a sensing match with the corresponding side trench wall; The top of the frame 1 is provided with a warning component 5 extending out of the groove, and a controller is provided inside the frame 1. The warning component 5 is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor 3 through the controller to form a linkage cooperation; The top of the frame 1 is provided with a plurality of top support rods 4 arranged at equal intervals, and the bottom of the top support rods 4 is provided with a top closing component 6, and the top closing component 6 is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor 3 through a controller to form a linkage match, and the top closing component 6 includes a drivable folding plate 64, and the folding plate 64 forms a closed match with the top of the frame 1 after being fully unfolded; An instantaneous interception component 7 is provided at the middle position of the top of the frame 1 below the top closing component 6. The instantaneous interception component 7 is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor 3 through a controller to form a linkage. The instantaneous interception component 7 includes an airbag 76 that can be detonated and filled, and the airbag 76 is located below the folding plate 64.

[0021] When in use, the device is placed as a whole in the trench, and the protective plate 2 is arranged close to the trench wall to facilitate the stress monitoring sensor 3 to monitor the soil stress on both sides. When the soil on both sides changes and the change amplitude exceeds the set range, the controller changes the state of the warning component 5, and starts the top closing component 6 alone or starts the top closing component 6 and the instantaneous interception component 7 at the same time according to the change situation to ensure construction safety.

[0022] Preferably, the controller can be an existing PLC controller, and the stress monitoring sensor 3 can be an earth pressure sensor SCYG315.

[0023] The warning component 5 includes a vertical support rod 51 vertically arranged on the top of the frame 1, and a sound and light alarm 52 is provided on the top of the vertical support rod 51. The sound and light alarm 52 is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor 3 through a controller to form a linkage cooperation, and a night warning light strip 53 arranged along the axial direction is provided on the outer side of the vertical support rod 51.

[0024] The tops of both sides of the vertical groove wall of the frame 1 are provided with side wall baffles 9, and the bottoms of the side wall baffles 9 cooperate with the frame 1 to form a pedestrian passage 8, which flows out in the groove direction for manual passage.

[0025] The side wall baffle plate 9 is connected to a sliding plate with damping sliding on the outside. A ladder 10 is provided on the sliding plate and the side wall baffle plate 9. The sliding plate is lowered when climbing is required. Workers can go up and down through the ladder 10. When passage is required, the sliding plate can be lifted up. The sliding plate will be temporarily fixed in the lifted position to expose the pedestrian passage 8.

[0026] The top closing assembly 6 includes a folding plate 64 which is arranged at the top of the frame 1 and moves synchronously and oppositely. A driving motor 61 and a driving box 62 are arranged in the side wall baffle 9. The output shaft of the driving motor 61 forms a linkage with the folding plate 64 through the driving box 62, and the driving motor 61 is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor 3 through the controller to form a linkage, thereby ensuring automatic closing and opening.

[0027] Preferably, the drive box 62 is a transmission structure, and a transmission component is arranged inside the box. In this embodiment, a gear drive box structure can be adopted, and a gear transmission member is arranged inside.

[0028] The top closing assembly 6 also includes a drawing rod 63 arranged in the middle position of the top of the frame 1, and both ends of the drawing rod 63 form a rotational fit with the inner side of the corresponding side wall baffle 9 through the bearing seat, the end of the drawing rod 63 forms a transmission fit with the output end of the drive box 62, and the input end of the drive box 62 forms a transmission fit with the input shaft of the drive motor 61, and threads in opposite directions are provided on both sides of the middle position of the drawing rod 63, and a reinforced slide rail 66 parallel to the drawing rod 63 is provided above the drawing rod 63, and sliders 65 are provided on both sides of the drawing rod 63, and the sliders 65 form a screw linkage fit with the drawing rod 63 through a screw nut, and the two sliders 65 move synchronously and oppositely, and the top of the slider 65 forms a limited sliding fit with the reinforced slide rail 66, and a folding plate 64 is provided between the slider 65 and the inner wall of the adjacent side wall baffle 9, one end of the folding plate 64 is hinged to the corresponding inner wall of the side wall baffle 9, and the other end of the folding plate 64 is hinged to the bottom of the corresponding slider 65.

[0029] When the top closing component 6 is started to perform the closing operation, the drive motor 61 is started, and the drive motor 61 drives the drawing rod 63 to rotate through the transmission of the drive box 62, and the slider 65 moves in the opposite direction through the screw. During the process, the slider 65 slides along the reinforced slide rail 66, and the folding plate 64 gradually unfolds until the slider 65 is attached to each other, and the folding plates 64 on both sides are fully unfolded to form a blockage on the top of the device.

[0030] Preferably, the folding plate 64 is formed by hingedly connecting a plurality of plates end to end.

[0031] The instantaneous interception component 7 includes a fixed box 71, and inclined end support rods 74 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed box 71, and the two sides of the fixed box 71 form a fixed fit with the protective plate 2 through the end support rods 74. An explosive filling material 72 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixed box 71, and an electronically controlled detonating part 75 is provided on the fixed box 71, and the detonating part 75 is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor 3 through a controller to form a linkage fit, and the output end of the detonating part 75 is connected to the explosive filling material 72, and an airbag 76 is provided on the top of the fixed box 71, and the airbag 76 is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed box 71 through an airway 73.

[0032] When the instantaneous interception component 7 is activated, the detonating part 75 detonates the explosive filling material 72 after receiving the signal, and generates a large amount of gas which is transmitted to the airbag 76 through the air passage 73, so that the airbag 76 pops out and deploys rapidly.

[0033] Preferably, the explosive filler 72 may be ammonium nitrate.

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, as a preferred embodiment 2, the airbag 76 has a flat structure after being deployed, and a reinforced edge 77 is provided on the side of the airbag 76. A clamping beam 78 is provided in the frame 1 at a position corresponding to the reinforced edge 77. After the airbag 76 is fully deployed, the reinforced edge 77 is located directly above the corresponding clamping beam 78, and as the airbag 76 moves downward, the reinforced edge 77 forms a clamping limit fit with the corresponding clamping beam 78.

[0035] When the airbag 76 pops out, the reinforced edge 77 on the outer wall of the airbag 76 is just above the clamping beam 78. If soil and rocks fall from the top of the device, they may fall onto the airbag 76, and the airbag 76 will drop slightly. Then the reinforced edge 77 on the outer wall of the airbag 76 will enter the clamping beam 78 to ensure the fixing effect of the airbag 76 after it is propped up. Even if soil and rocks fall, the airbag 76 can still have a good interception and protection effect without any position avoidance.

[0036] like Fig. 9 As shown, as a preferred embodiment 3, one end of the end support rod 74 forms a fixed fit with the protective plate 2, and the other end of the end support rod 74 forms a hinged fit with the fixed box 71, and conductive contacts 79 are provided on the hinge and the hinge groove, and the conductive contacts 79 are located on the same rotating track. In the initial position, the two conductive contacts 79 are staggered and do not form an electrical connection. The conductive contacts 79 are electrically connected to the drive motor 61 and the detonating part 75 through the controller to form a linkage fit.

[0037] Another triggering method of the instantaneous interception component 7 is to automatically trigger it through a mechanical structure after sensing the deformation of the device frame 1 or the protective plate 2. When the device frame 1 or the protective plate 2 is deformed, the end support rod 74 will be squeezed. The end support rod 74 is hinged to the two sides of the fixed box 71 at an inclined angle by default. After the above-mentioned deformation occurs, the angle between the fixed box 71 and the end support rod 74 will change, and the position of the conductive contact 79 on the hinge and the hinge groove at the connection between the end support rod 74 and the fixed box 71 will change, which will change the position of the staggered conductive contact 7 until they are connected to form conductivity. After the conductive contact 7 is connected, the signal is transmitted to the controller, and the detonating part 75 is started by the controller. After detonation, the airbag 76 pops out.

[0038] Preferably, the conductive contact piece 79 on the hinge is located above the conductive contact piece 79 on the hinge groove, because when extrusion occurs, the hinge will have a tendency to rotate downward, ensuring that the conductive contact piece 79 can contact and be energized after extrusion.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment 4, a trench excavation protection method, using the trench excavation protection alarm device to provide protection and early warning for trench excavation, comprises the following steps: When the stress monitoring sensor 3 detects that the soil on both sides is changing slowly and the change amplitude exceeds the set normal range, the top closing component 6 is activated by the controller to drive the folding plate 64 to the top of the closed frame 1 to complete the protection. When the change is slow and the situation is not so urgent, only the top closing component 6 is activated to prevent the soil from falling on both sides and protect the staff; When the stress monitoring sensor 3 detects that the soil on both sides changes rapidly and abnormally, and the change amplitude exceeds the set normal range, or the conductive contact piece 79 forms an electrical connection, the top closing component 6 and the instantaneous interception component 7 are activated by the controller, and the airbag 76 pops out quickly to form primary protection and provide buffer time for the driving of the folding plate 64. The folding plate 64 is driven to the top of the closed frame 1 to complete the protection. When the change is fast or has caused the deformation of the protective plates 2 on both sides, the top closing component 6 and the instantaneous interception component 7 are immediately started at the same time. The instantaneous interception component 7 prevents heavy objects from falling through the airbag 76 and buys time for the top closing component 6 to close. When the top closing component 6 is completely closed, the protection is completed. When the stress monitoring sensor 3 detects that the soil change on both sides exceeds the set normal range or the conductive contact piece 79 forms an electrical connection, the alarm component 5 is activated through the controller.

[0040] Preferably, the set value of the stress monitoring sensor 3 is a preset value generated through experimental simulation, that is, a value that is likely to occur when an accident occurs, which plays a certain proactive and preventive role. When an accident really occurs, the device needs time to respond and start, leaving a certain buffer time. If the situation is too urgent, the instantaneous interception component 7 will play a primary protection role, and buy time to complete the secondary protection after the top closing component 6 is closed.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment 5, the warning component 5 has a variety of combinations, which is convenient for identifying the accident site and facilitating rescue, and can quickly identify the accident situation through the combination. The device often needs additional protective equipment at night to prevent people walking around from accidentally falling, so the device is also equipped with a night warning light strip 53 on the support rod, wherein the night warning light strip 53 can be a warning light strip that can match the ambient light intensity. When the ambient light environment is weak, the light strip is automatically turned on to give a reminder to people around to be careful of the ditch.

Claims

1. A trench excavation protection alarm device, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1) placed in a groove, wherein both sides of the frame (1) close to the groove wall are provided with protective plates (2), and stress monitoring sensors (3) are provided on the protective plates (2), and the sensing ends of the stress monitoring sensors (3) form a sensing match with the corresponding side groove walls; The top of the frame (1) is provided with a warning component (5) extending out of the groove, and a controller is provided inside the frame (1). The warning component (5) is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor (3) through the controller to form a linkage. The top of the frame (1) is provided with a plurality of top support rods (4) arranged at equal intervals, the bottom of the top support rods (4) is provided with a top closing component (6), and the top closing component (6) is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor (3) through a controller to form a linkage, and the top closing component (6) includes a drivable folding plate (64), and the folding plate (64) forms a closed fit with the top of the frame (1) when fully unfolded; An instantaneous interception component (7) is provided at the middle position of the top of the frame (1) below the top closing component (6). The instantaneous interception component (7) is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor (3) via a controller to form a linkage. The instantaneous interception component (7) includes an airbag (76) that can be detonated and filled. The airbag (76) is located below the folding plate (64).

2. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning component (5) comprises a vertical support rod (51) vertically arranged on the top of the frame (1); a sound and light alarm (52) is arranged on the top of the vertical support rod (51); the sound and light alarm (52) is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor (3) through a controller to form a linkage; and a night warning light strip (53) arranged along the axial direction is arranged on the outer side of the vertical support rod (51).

3. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Side wall baffles (9) are provided on the tops of both sides of the vertical groove wall of the frame (1), and the bottoms of the side wall baffles (9) cooperate with the frame (1) to form a pedestrian passage (8).

4. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer side of the side wall baffle (9) is connected to a sliding plate in a damping sliding manner, and a ladder (10) is provided on the sliding plate and the side wall baffle (9).

5. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top closing component (6) comprises a folding plate (64) arranged at the top of the frame (1) and moving synchronously and oppositely, a driving motor (61) and a driving box (62) are arranged in the side wall baffle (9), the output shaft of the driving motor (61) forms a linkage with the folding plate (64) through the driving box (62), and the driving motor (61) is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor (3) through a controller to form a linkage.

6. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top closure assembly (6) further comprises a drawing rod (63) disposed at a middle position at the top of the frame (1), both ends of the drawing rod (63) being rotationally matched with the inner side of the corresponding side wall baffle (9) via a bearing seat, the end of the drawing rod (63) being transmission matched with the output end of the drive box (62), the input end of the drive box (62) being transmission matched with the input shaft of the drive motor (61), threads in opposite directions being provided on both sides of the middle position of the drawing rod (63), and a reinforcing sliding member parallel to the drawing rod (63) being provided above the drawing rod (63). The guide rail (66) is provided with a slider (65) on both sides of the drawing rod (63). The sliders (65) are linked with the drawing rod (63) through the screw nut, and the two sliders (65) move synchronously and in opposite directions. The tops of the sliders (65) are limited and slidably matched with the reinforced slide rail (66). A folding plate (64) is provided between the slider (65) and the inner wall of the adjacent side wall baffle (9). One end of the folding plate (64) is hingedly matched with the inner wall of the corresponding side wall baffle (9), and the other end of the folding plate (64) is hingedly matched with the bottom of the corresponding slider (65).

7. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The instantaneous interception assembly (7) comprises a fixed box (71), with inclined end support rods (74) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed box (71), and the two sides of the fixed box (71) are fixedly matched with the protective plate (2) through the end support rods (74), an explosive filling material (72) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixed box (71), an electronically controlled detonating part (75) is provided on the fixed box (71), and the detonating part (75) is electrically connected to the stress monitoring sensor (3) through a controller to form a linkage, the output end of the detonating part (75) is connected to the explosive filling material (72), and an air bag (76) is provided on the top of the fixed box (71), and the air bag (76) is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed box (71) through an air channel (73).

8. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The airbag (76) has a flat structure after being deployed. A reinforcement edge (77) is provided on the side of the airbag (76). A clamping beam (78) is provided in the frame (1) at a position corresponding to the reinforcement edge (77). After the airbag (76) is fully deployed, the reinforcement edge (77) is located directly above the corresponding clamping beam (78). As the airbag (76) moves downward, the reinforcement edge (77) and the corresponding clamping beam (78) form a clamping limit fit.

9. The trench excavation protection alarm device according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the end support rod (74) is fixedly matched with the protective plate (2), and the other end of the end support rod (74) is hingedly matched with the fixed box (71). Both the hinge and the hinge groove are provided with conductive contact pieces (79), and the conductive contact pieces (79) are located on the same rotating track. In the initial position, the two conductive contact pieces (79) are arranged in an interlaced manner and are not electrically connected. The conductive contact pieces (79) are electrically connected to the driving motor (61) and the detonating part (75) through the controller to form a linkage match.

10. A trench excavation protection method, characterized in that: Using the trench excavation protection alarm device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 to provide protection and early warning for trench excavation comprises the following steps: When the stress monitoring sensor (3) detects that the soil on both sides is slowly changing and the change amplitude exceeds the set normal range, the top closing component (6) is activated by the controller so that the folding plate (64) is driven to the top of the closing frame (1) to complete the protection; When the stress monitoring sensor (3) detects that the soil on both sides changes rapidly and abnormally, and the change amplitude exceeds the set normal range, or the conductive contact piece (79) forms an electrical connection, the top sealing component (6) and the instantaneous interception component (7) are activated by the controller, and the airbag (76) pops out quickly to form primary protection, and provides a buffer time for the driving of the folding plate (64). The folding plate (64) is driven to the top of the closed frame (1), completing the protection; When the stress monitoring sensor (3) detects that the change in the soil on both sides exceeds a set normal range or the conductive contact piece (79) forms an electrical connection, the warning component (5) is activated through the controller.

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