Roof rock stratum two-zone monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof rock stratum two-zone monitoring method, which comprises the following steps that according to basic data of a roof rock stratum, the preset height of a monitoring zone is determined, and the monitoring zone is a caving zone or a fissure zone; determining drilling parameters for the roof rock stratum according to the preset height, and drilling the roof rock stratum based on the drilling parameters to form a monitoring hole; mounting the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole by using an auxiliary pipe; cement mortar is injected into the monitoring hole, so that the optical fiber sensor is connected with the hole wall of the monitoring hole, and monitoring data of the monitoring belt is obtained through the optical fiber sensor; a strain curve for the monitoring band is generated from the monitoring data. According to the roof rock stratum two-zone monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, high-precision monitoring of the height of the caving zone and the height of the fissure zone can be realized through the optical fiber sensor, the method is not easily influenced by electromagnetic interference, temperature change and other environmental factors, and the reliability and the stability of data acquisition can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine roof safety monitoring methods, and in particular to a roof rock stratum two-zone monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] The monitoring of two zones of coal mine roof rock strata includes monitoring of collapse zone and fissure zone. Through monitoring, the collapse situation of roof rock strata can be grasped in time to prevent roof accidents. In terms of resource exploitation efficiency, monitoring of the two zones can provide a basis for optimizing the mining plan, accurately grasp the migration law of roof rock strata, and reasonably determine the advancement speed and mining scale of the working face, avoid excessive damage to the roof rock strata during mining, and improve the coal recovery rate.

[0003] In the related technology, the borehole peep method is used to monitor the two zones of the coal mine roof rock layer. First, a borehole is constructed at a suitable position of the working face or tunnel, and the peep instrument probe is placed in the borehole and connected to the display screen through a transmission line; during the working face mining process, the inside of the borehole is observed regularly, and the changes in the rock layer in the boreholes of different depths are recorded to determine the height range of the collapse zone and the crack zone.

[0004] However, the borehole peep method is obviously subject to environmental constraints. Under complex surrounding rock conditions such as broken roof, soft rock and water-rich, the borehole is prone to collapse, which causes the peep lens to be easily sticky with mud and debris, affecting the monitoring efficiency and accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0006] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a two-zone monitoring method for the roof rock strata. The two-zone monitoring method for the roof rock strata of the embodiment of the present invention can achieve high-precision monitoring of the height of the collapse zone and the fracture zone through optical fiber sensors, and is not easily affected by electromagnetic interference, temperature changes and other environmental factors, and can improve the reliability and stability of data acquisition.

[0007] The two-zone monitoring method of the roof rock layer of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] Determine the preset height of the monitoring zone according to the basic data of the roof rock layer, and the monitoring zone is a collapse zone or a fracture zone;

[0009] Determining drilling parameters for the roof rock formation according to the preset height, and drilling the roof rock formation based on the drilling parameters to form a monitoring hole;

[0010] Using an auxiliary tube to install the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole;

[0011] Inject cement mortar into the monitoring hole to connect the optical fiber sensor to the hole wall of the monitoring hole, so as to obtain monitoring data of the monitoring belt through the optical fiber sensor;

[0012] A strain curve for the monitoring belt is generated according to the monitoring data.

[0013] In some embodiments, the step of installing the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole using an auxiliary tube comprises the following steps:

[0014] bonding the optical fiber sensor to the auxiliary tube;

[0015] Using a cable tie to tie the auxiliary tube and the optical fiber sensor;

[0016] Install the auxiliary tube and the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole.

[0017] In some embodiments, there are multiple optical fiber sensors, at least one of which is arranged on the upper side of the auxiliary tube, and at least one of which is arranged on the lower side of the auxiliary tube.

[0018] In some embodiments, bonding the optical fiber sensor to the auxiliary tube comprises the following steps:

[0019] Apply glue to two opposite sides of the auxiliary pipe respectively;

[0020] Attach the two optical fiber sensors to the glue on both sides of the auxiliary tube respectively;

[0021] Apply glue again on the joint between the optical fiber sensor and the auxiliary tube.

[0022] In some embodiments, the auxiliary pipe includes a plurality of pipe segments connected in sequence, and two adjacent pipe segments are connected by screws.

[0023] In some embodiments, there are multiple cable ties, and the multiple cable ties are evenly distributed along the length direction of the auxiliary tube.

[0024] In some embodiments, the optical fiber sensor includes a plurality of optical fiber detection units arranged sequentially along the length direction of the optical fiber;

[0025] After injecting cement mortar into the monitoring hole, the roof rock layer two-zone monitoring method further includes the following steps:

[0026] A condensing agent is sprayed on the surface of the optical fiber sensor to form a condensation section on the optical fiber sensor. The condensation section is located outside the monitoring hole, and one end of the condensation section extends to the opening of the monitoring hole.

[0027] In some embodiments, the basic information includes a first preset formula:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, H1 is the preset height of the collapse zone, and M is the height of the mining working face.

[0030] In some embodiments, the basic data further includes a second preset formula and a third preset formula, and the second preset formula is:

[0031]

[0032] Wherein, H2 is the first preset height, and M is the height of the mining working face;

[0033] The third preset formula is:

[0034]

[0035] Wherein, H3 is the second preset height, and M is the height of the mining working face;

[0036] The average value of the first preset height H2 and the second preset height H3 is the preset height of the fracture zone.

[0037] In some embodiments, the roof rock layer has a roof surface arranged toward the mining working face, the monitoring hole includes an inclined section and a horizontal section connected in sequence, the inclined section extends obliquely from bottom to top, the height difference between the two ends of the inclined section is the preset height, and the horizontal section extends in a horizontal direction.

[0038] The two-zone monitoring method of the roof rock stratum in the embodiment of the present invention utilizes an auxiliary tube to install the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole, and the optical fiber sensor can be arranged at a preset height of the roof rock stratum. By injecting cement mortar into the monitoring hole, it can be ensured that the optical fiber sensor is bonded to the hole wall of the monitoring hole, that is, the optical fiber sensor is bonded to the roof rock stratum. The optical fiber sensor can move with the movement of the roof rock stratum, and then generate a corresponding strain curve through the monitoring data of the optical fiber sensor. When the roof rock stratum breaks and moves, the strain curve can clearly reflect the changes inside the rock stratum. The staff can analyze the strain curve to determine the actual height range of the collapse zone or the fracture zone, thereby accurately grasping the movement law of the roof rock stratum and providing a basis for safe mining of coal mines.

[0039] Compared with the borehole peek method in the related art, the two-zone monitoring method of the roof rock layer in the embodiment of the present invention can achieve high-precision monitoring of the height of the collapse zone and the fracture zone through optical fiber sensors, and is not easily affected by electromagnetic interference, temperature changes and other environmental factors, which can improve the reliability and stability of data acquisition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a two-zone monitoring method for roof rock formations according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 1 is a top view of the roof rock layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the roof rock layer of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the auxiliary tube and the optical fiber sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 The figure is a layout diagram of an optical fiber sensor in a monitoring hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of an auxiliary pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Roof rock layer; 11. Roof surface;

[0048] 21. Collapse zone; 22. Fissure zone;

[0049] 3. Monitoring hole; 31. Collapse monitoring hole; 32. Crack monitoring hole; 33. Inclined section; 34. Horizontal section;

[0050] 4. Auxiliary pipe; 41. Pipe section;

[0051] 5. Fiber optic sensor;

[0052] 6. Cable ties;

[0053] 7. Mining working face; 71. Mining tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the two-zone monitoring method of the roof rock layer according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0056] According to the basic data of the roof rock layer 1, the preset height of the monitoring zone is determined, and the monitoring zone is the collapse zone 21 or the fracture zone 22;

[0057] Determine drilling parameters for the roof rock layer 1 according to a preset height, and drill the roof rock layer 1 based on the drilling parameters to form a monitoring hole 3;

[0058] Install the optical fiber sensor 5 into the monitoring hole 3 using the auxiliary tube 4;

[0059] Inject cement mortar into the monitoring hole 3, connect the optical fiber sensor 5 to the hole wall of the monitoring hole 3, and obtain monitoring data of the monitoring zone through the optical fiber sensor 5;

[0060] A strain curve for the monitoring belt is generated based on the monitoring data.

[0061] The two-zone monitoring method of the roof rock stratum of the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the auxiliary tube 4 to install the optical fiber sensor 5 into the monitoring hole 3, and the optical fiber sensor 5 can be arranged at a preset height of the roof rock stratum 1. By injecting cement mortar into the monitoring hole 3, it can be ensured that the optical fiber sensor 5 is bonded to the hole wall of the monitoring hole 3, that is, the optical fiber sensor 5 is bonded to the roof rock stratum 1. The optical fiber sensor 5 can move with the movement of the roof rock stratum 1, and then generate a corresponding strain curve through the monitoring data of the optical fiber sensor 5. When the roof rock stratum 1 breaks and moves, the strain curve can clearly reflect the changes inside the rock stratum. The staff can analyze the strain curve to determine the actual height range of the collapse zone 21 or the fracture zone 22, thereby accurately grasping the movement law of the roof rock stratum 1 and providing a basis for safe mining of coal mines.

[0062] Compared with the borehole peek method in the related art, the two-zone monitoring method of the roof rock layer in the embodiment of the present invention can achieve high-precision monitoring of the height of the collapse zone 21 and the fracture zone 22 through the optical fiber sensor 5, and is not easily affected by electromagnetic interference, temperature changes and other environmental factors, which can improve the reliability and stability of data acquisition.

[0063] It can be understood that when the monitoring zone is a collapse zone 21, the preset height is the preset height of the collapse zone 21, and the strain curve generated according to the monitoring data of the optical fiber sensor 5 is the collapse strain curve; when the monitoring zone is a fracture zone 22, the preset height is the preset height of the fracture zone 22, and the strain curve generated according to the detection data of the optical fiber sensor 5 is the fracture zone 22 strain curve.

[0064] It is understandable that after the fiber optic sensor 5 is installed in the monitoring hole 3, the fiber optic sensor 5 needs to be hot-melt-spliced ​​with the communication optical cable and protected with a junction box, and then led to the ground to establish a monitoring station to achieve real-time monitoring of the roof rock layer 1 and transmission and collection of monitoring data.

[0065] Alternatively, if Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, there are two monitoring holes 3 , namely a collapse monitoring hole 31 and a crack monitoring hole 32 , and optical fiber sensors 5 are arranged in both the collapse monitoring hole 31 and the crack monitoring hole 32 .

[0066] In this way, the height monitoring of the collapse zone 21 and the fracture zone 22 can be achieved simultaneously, and the monitoring efficiency is higher.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the extension direction of the light sensor is consistent with the extension direction of the monitoring hole 3. The optical fiber sensor 5 includes a plurality of optical fiber monitoring units arranged in sequence along the length direction of the optical fiber. The plurality of optical fiber monitoring units are tightly bonded to the top rock layer 1 through cement mortar. The optical fiber monitoring unit can monitor the strain and transmit the monitoring data to the modem. The monitoring data is analyzed and processed by the modem, and then a strain curve is generated with the position of the optical fiber monitoring unit as the horizontal coordinate and the strain value as the vertical coordinate.

[0068] When the top rock layer 1 breaks and moves, the strain value monitored by the fiber optic monitoring unit at the corresponding position changes significantly. By analyzing the strain curve, the staff can know the position of the fiber optic monitoring unit where the strain value changes, and then know the actual height range of the collapse zone 21 and the fracture zone 22.

[0069] For example, when the top rock layer 1 collapses, cracks are generated in the rock layer, and the optical strain value in the fracture zone 22 is usually greater than 600με. Therefore, the position of the optical fiber monitoring unit corresponding to 600με in the collapse strain curve can be used as the basis for judging the actual height of the fracture zone 22.

[0070] Optionally, before injecting cement mortar into the monitoring hole 3, the following steps are also included: determining parameters of the cement mortar, such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, tensile strength, etc., according to the rock properties of the on-site roof rock layer 1.

[0071] Therefore, cement mortar is injected into the monitoring hole 3, and after the cement mortar solidifies, it can ensure that the optical fiber sensor 5 is firmly bonded to the top rock layer 1, thereby improving the accuracy of the optical fiber sensor 5 in monitoring strain.

[0072] Optionally, after cement mortar is injected into the monitoring hole 3 , the following step is further included: after the cement mortar is solidified, the opening of the monitoring hole 3 is sealed.

[0073] Optionally, the roof rock layer 1 is drilled based on the drilling parameters to form the monitoring hole 3. In this step, a directional drill bit is used to drill the roof rock layer 1 to form the monitoring hole 3.

[0074] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the optical fiber sensor 5 is installed into the monitoring hole 3 using the auxiliary tube 4, including the following steps:

[0075] Bonding the optical fiber sensor 5 to the auxiliary tube 4;

[0076] Use a cable tie 6 to tie the auxiliary tube 4 and the optical fiber sensor 5;

[0077] Install the auxiliary tube 4 and the optical fiber sensor 5 into the monitoring hole 3.

[0078] The optical fiber sensor 5 and the auxiliary tube 4 are connected to each other by bonding, which is convenient to operate and has low construction difficulty. Afterwards, the optical fiber sensor 5 and the auxiliary tube 4 are tied together by a cable tie 6, so that the optical fiber sensor 5 and the auxiliary tube 4 are firmly connected to each other, preventing the optical fiber sensor 5 from being detached during the process of inserting the auxiliary tube 4 and the optical fiber sensor 5 into the monitoring hole 3, thereby ensuring the installation quality of the light sensor.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple cable ties 6 , and the multiple cable ties 6 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the auxiliary tube 4 .

[0080] A plurality of tie ties 6 are used to tie the optical fiber sensor 5 and the auxiliary tube 4 at a fixed interval, so that the connection between the optical fiber sensor 5 and the auxiliary tube 4 is more stable.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the auxiliary pipe 4 includes a plurality of pipe segments 41 connected in sequence, and two adjacent pipe segments 41 are connected by screws.

[0082] The auxiliary pipe 4 is spliced ​​by multiple pipe sections 41, which is more convenient for transportation and installation of the auxiliary pipe 4; in the process of installing the optical fiber sensor 5 into the monitoring hole 3, the auxiliary pipe 4 can be spliced ​​at the construction site. For example, a section of the optical fiber sensor 5 is first inserted into the monitoring hole 3, and then the remaining pipe sections 41 are spliced, thereby saving construction space and making the installation of the optical fiber sensor 5 more convenient.

[0083] Optionally, the auxiliary pipe 4 is a PVC pipe.

[0084] The PVC tube has a certain hardness, and the optical fiber sensor 5 can be inserted into the monitoring hole 3 . Meanwhile, the PVC tube also has a certain elasticity, and can adapt to the turning of the monitoring hole 3 , so as to facilitate the installation of the optical fiber sensor 5 .

[0085] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, there are multiple optical fiber sensors 5 , at least one optical fiber sensor 5 is arranged on the upper side of the auxiliary tube 4 , and at least one optical fiber sensor 5 is arranged on the lower side of the auxiliary tube 4 .

[0086] The compressive strain can be monitored by the optical fiber sensor 5 on the upper side of the auxiliary tube 4, and the tensile strain can be monitored by the optical fiber sensor 5 on the lower side of the auxiliary tube 4. In other words, the tensile and compressive strains of the rock formation can be detected simultaneously, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring the collapse zone 21 and the fracture zone 22 of the roof rock formation 1, and further accurately determining the actual heights of the collapse zone 21 and the fracture zone 22.

[0087] Alternatively, if Figure 4 As shown, two optical fiber sensors 5 are arranged in each monitoring hole 3 , and the two optical fiber sensors 5 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the auxiliary pipe 4 respectively.

[0088] In some embodiments, bonding the optical fiber sensor 5 to the auxiliary tube 4 comprises the following steps:

[0089] Apply glue to two opposite sides of the auxiliary pipe 4;

[0090] Attach two optical fiber sensors 5 to the glue on both sides of the auxiliary tube 4 respectively;

[0091] Apply glue again on the joint between the optical fiber sensor 5 and the auxiliary tube 4.

[0092] Through the above steps, the two optical fiber sensors 5 can be connected to the auxiliary tube 4 at the same time, which is highly efficient; in addition, by applying glue twice, the connection between the optical fiber sensor 5 and the auxiliary tube 4 is more stable.

[0093] In some embodiments, after cement mortar is injected into the monitoring hole 3, the roof rock layer two-zone monitoring method further includes the following steps:

[0094] A condensing agent is sprayed on the surface of the optical fiber sensor 5 to form a condensation section on the optical fiber sensor 5 . The condensation section is located outside the monitoring hole 3 , and one end of the condensation section extends to the opening of the monitoring hole 3 .

[0095] It is known that the optical fiber sensor 5 can also monitor temperature. By spraying a condensing agent on the surface of the optical fiber sensor 5 and forming a condensation section, the temperature of this section of the optical fiber sensor 5 can be quickly reduced, and a low-temperature section is formed on the optical fiber sensor 5. By monitoring the position of the optical fiber monitoring unit corresponding to the low-temperature section on the entire optical fiber sensor 5, the length of the optical fiber sensor 5 from the hole mouth to the bottom of the monitoring hole 3, that is, the monitoring distance of the optical fiber sensor 5, can be determined.

[0096] Optionally, the length of the condensation section is 80 to 120 cm, preferably 100 cm.

[0097] In some embodiments, the basic information includes a first preset formula:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, H1 is the preset height of the collapse zone 21, and M is the height of the mining working face 7.

[0100] The preset height of the collapse zone 21 can be calculated by the first preset formula, and the drilling parameters of the collapse zone 21 can be determined according to the preset height of the collapse zone 21. Based on the drilling parameters of the collapse zone 21, the roof rock layer 1 is drilled to form a collapse monitoring hole 31. The collapse monitoring hole 31 can cover the entire monitoring area of ​​the collapse zone 21. The optical fiber sensor 5 is installed in the collapse monitoring hole 31 by using the auxiliary tube 4, so that the optical fiber sensor 5 can completely cover the entire monitoring area of ​​the collapse zone 21; and then when the roof rock layer 1 breaks and migrates, the monitoring data of the collapse zone 21 can be obtained by the optical fiber sensor 5, and the collapse strain curve for the collapse zone 21 is generated according to the monitoring data, so that the actual height range of the collapse zone 21 can be accurately judged according to the collapse strain curve.

[0101] The above-mentioned first preset formula is an empirical formula, which is determined by the calculation experience of the historical preset heights. In other embodiments, the data in the formula can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0102] Optionally, the basic data also includes drill hole histograms, historical mine pressure data, etc.

[0103] Therefore, the preset height of the collapse zone 21 is calculated according to the above-mentioned first preset formula. By analyzing the drilling column chart and the historical data of mine pressure, summarizing the physical parameters, rock layer structure, fracture distribution, etc. of the roof rock layer 1, the drilling parameters of the collapse zone 21, such as drilling depth, drilling height, drilling inclination and azimuth, etc., can be finally determined. Drilling is carried out according to the drilling parameters of the collapse zone 21 to form a collapse monitoring hole 31.

[0104] Optionally, the drilling depth is greater than 100 m and the drilling diameter is greater than 75 mm.

[0105] Among them, the drilling inclination and azimuth are determined on-site according to the construction conditions, as long as it is ensured that the collapse monitoring hole 31 can completely cover the entire collapse zone 21 and the fracture zone 22 monitoring hole 3 can completely cover the entire fracture zone 22.

[0106] In some embodiments, the basic data further includes a second preset formula and a third preset formula, and the second preset formula is:

[0107]

[0108] Wherein, H2 is the first preset height, and M is the height of the mining working face 7;

[0109] The third preset formula is:

[0110]

[0111] Wherein, H3 is the second preset height, and M is the height of the mining working face;

[0112] The average value of the first preset height H2 and the second preset height H3 is the preset height of the fracture zone 22 .

[0113] The first preset height is calculated by the second preset formula, the second preset height is calculated by the third preset formula, and the preset height of the fracture zone 22 can be obtained by calculating the average of the first preset height and the second preset height; the drilling parameters of the fracture zone 22 can be determined according to the preset height of the fracture zone 22, and a fracture monitoring hole 32 is drilled based on the drilling parameters of the fracture zone 22. The fracture monitoring hole 32 can cover the entire monitoring area of ​​the fracture zone 22, and the optical fiber sensor 5 is installed in the fracture monitoring hole 32 by using the auxiliary tube 4, so that the optical fiber sensor 5 can completely cover the entire monitoring area of ​​the fracture zone 22; then, when the top rock layer 1 collapses, cracks are generated inside the rock layer, and the monitoring data of the fracture zone 22 can be obtained by the optical fiber sensor 5, and a fracture strain curve for the fracture zone 22 is generated according to the monitoring data, so that the height range of the fracture zone 22 can be accurately judged according to the fracture strain curve.

[0114] The above-mentioned second preset formula and third preset formula are both empirical formulas, which are determined by the calculation experience of historical preset heights. In other embodiments, the data in the formula can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0115] When determining the drilling parameters of the fracture zone 22, the physical parameters, stratum structure, fracture distribution, etc. of the fracture zone 1 can be summarized by combining the drilling column chart of the roof rock layer 1, the historical data of mine pressure, and other information, so as to finally determine the drilling parameters of the fracture zone 22, and implement drilling according to the drilling parameters of the fracture zone 22 to form a fracture monitoring hole 32.

[0116] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring hole 3 includes an inclined section 33 and a horizontal section 34 connected in sequence, the inclined section 33 extends obliquely from bottom to top, the height difference between the two ends of the inclined section 33 is a preset height, and the horizontal section 34 extends in the horizontal direction.

[0117] It is known that both the collapse monitoring hole 31 and the crack monitoring hole 32 have the above-mentioned inclined section 33 and horizontal section 34 .

[0118] Through the above settings, the optical fiber sensor 5 is installed in the monitoring hole 3, and the extension direction of the optical fiber sensor 5 is consistent with the extension direction of the monitoring hole 3; the strain curves of the inclined section 33 of the collapse monitoring hole 31 and the inclined section 33 of the crack monitoring hole 32 can be used to judge the actual height ranges of the collapse zone 21 and the crack zone 22 respectively, and the strain curves of the horizontal section 34 of the collapse monitoring hole 31 and the horizontal section 34 of the crack monitoring hole 32 can be used to judge the influence range of the collapse zone 21 and the crack zone 22; thereby, the actual height range of the collapse zone 21 and the crack zone 22 can be judged more accurately.

[0119] As an example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the roof rock layer 1 has a roof surface 11 arranged toward the mining face 7, the roof surface 11 coincides with the upper side surface of the mining face 7, and there are mining tunnels 71 on both sides of the mining face 7. The collapse monitoring holes 31 and the fracture monitoring holes 32 are drilled in the mining tunnels 71 on both sides of the mining face 7 respectively; wherein, the inclined section 33 of the collapse monitoring hole 31 extends from bottom to top toward the upper side of the mining face 7, and the horizontal section 34 of the collapse monitoring hole 31 is located at a preset height of the collapse zone 21 and extends along the advancing direction of the mining face 7; the inclined section 33 of the fracture monitoring hole 32 extends from bottom to top toward the upper side of the mining face 7, and the horizontal section 34 of the fracture monitoring hole 32 is located at a preset height of the fracture zone 22 and extends along the advancing direction of the mining face 7.

[0120] like Figure 2 As shown, the first preset formula, the second preset formula and the third preset formula are the height of the mining face 7, that is, the distance between the upper side and the lower side of the mining face 7; the preset height of the collapse zone 21 is the distance between the horizontal section 34 of the collapse monitoring hole 31 and the roof surface 11, and the preset height of the fracture zone 22 is the distance between the horizontal section 34 of the fracture monitoring hole 32 and the roof surface 11.

[0121] Of course, in other embodiments, the horizontal section 34 of the collapse monitoring hole 31 and the horizontal section 34 of the fissure monitoring hole 32 may also extend along the width direction of the mining face 7 (the width direction of the mining face 7 extends horizontally and perpendicular to the advancement direction of the mining face 7), as long as the collapse monitoring hole 31 and the fissure monitoring hole 32 can completely cover the monitoring area.

[0122] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0123] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0124] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0125] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0126] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0127] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring two zones of roof rock formations, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the preset height of the monitoring zone according to the basic data of the roof rock layer, and the monitoring zone is a collapse zone or a fracture zone; Determining drilling parameters for the roof rock formation according to the preset height, and drilling the roof rock formation based on the drilling parameters to form a monitoring hole; Using an auxiliary tube to install the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole; Inject cement mortar into the monitoring hole to connect the optical fiber sensor to the hole wall of the monitoring hole, so as to obtain monitoring data of the monitoring belt through the optical fiber sensor; A strain curve for the monitoring belt is generated according to the monitoring data.

2. The roof rock layer two-zone monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of installing the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole by using an auxiliary tube comprises the following steps: bonding the optical fiber sensor to the auxiliary tube; Using a cable tie to tie the auxiliary tube and the optical fiber sensor; Install the auxiliary tube and the optical fiber sensor into the monitoring hole.

3. The method for monitoring two zones of roof rock strata according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple optical fiber sensors, at least one of which is arranged on the upper side of the auxiliary tube, and at least one of which is arranged on the lower side of the auxiliary tube.

4. The method for monitoring two zones of roof rock strata according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of bonding the optical fiber sensor to the auxiliary tube comprises the following steps: Apply glue to two opposite sides of the auxiliary pipe respectively; Attach the two optical fiber sensors to the glue on both sides of the auxiliary tube respectively; Apply glue again on the joint between the optical fiber sensor and the auxiliary tube.

5. The roof rock layer two-zone monitoring method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The auxiliary pipe includes a plurality of pipe sections connected in sequence, and two adjacent pipe sections are connected by screws.

6. The method for monitoring two zones of roof rock strata according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple cable ties, and the multiple cable ties are evenly distributed along the length direction of the auxiliary tube.

7. The method for monitoring two zones of roof rock strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensor comprises a plurality of optical fiber detection units arranged in sequence along the length direction of the optical fiber; After injecting cement mortar into the monitoring hole, the roof rock layer two-zone monitoring method further includes the following steps: A condensing agent is sprayed on the surface of the optical fiber sensor to form a condensation section on the optical fiber sensor. The condensation section is located outside the monitoring hole, and one end of the condensation section extends to the opening of the monitoring hole.

8. The method for monitoring two zones of roof rock strata according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The basic data includes a first preset formula: Among them, H1 is the preset height of the collapse zone, and M is the height of the mining working face.

9. The method for monitoring two zones of roof rock strata according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The basic data also includes a second preset formula and a third preset formula, and the second preset formula is: Wherein, H2 is the first preset height, and M is the height of the mining working face; The third preset formula is: Wherein, H3 is the second preset height, and M is the height of the mining working face; The average value of the first preset height H2 and the second preset height H3 is the preset height of the fracture zone.

10. The method for monitoring two zones of roof rock strata according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The roof rock layer has a roof surface arranged toward the mining working face, the monitoring hole includes an inclined section and a horizontal section connected in sequence, the inclined section extends obliquely from bottom to top, the height difference between the two ends of the inclined section is the preset height, and the horizontal section extends in a horizontal direction.

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