Self-adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature test

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of test clamping parts, and discloses a self-adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests, the self-adaptive tensile fixture comprises an upper chuck and a lower chuck which are symmetrically arranged, the upper chuck and the lower chuck are both fixedly provided with clamping parts, the clamping parts are provided with clamping assemblies, and the clamping assemblies are arranged on the upper chuck and the lower chuck. The clamping assembly comprises a cylindrical clamping block for clamping the two sides of the sample and an elastic piece for pressing the upper end and the lower end of the sample. The clamping device has the following advantages and effects that samples with different sizes can be stably and effectively clamped in different environments, and a rapid batch tensile test is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of test clamping parts, and in particular to an adaptive stretching clamp for high and low temperature tests. Background Art

[0002] Tensile properties are one of the important mechanical properties of materials, and are usually evaluated through tensile tests. Tensile tests at different temperatures can help us understand the performance of materials under different temperature conditions. Temperature changes may affect the tensile properties of materials. For example, low temperatures can make materials brittle, while high temperatures can cause materials to soften.

[0003] By analyzing the effect of ambient temperature on the tensile properties of materials, we can better select suitable materials for specific environmental conditions, and more accurately control the molding process conditions of materials to improve the performance and reliability of materials. By optimizing material design and R&D processes, we can achieve the goal of improving material properties and increase the service life and performance of materials. Therefore, research and analysis of the tensile properties of materials under different temperature conditions is of great significance to the field of materials engineering.

[0004] In tensile tests, the importance of fixture design is self-evident. The design of room temperature tensile fixtures is relatively mature, and active clamping methods are often used to clamp samples. Brittle materials or samples that have been subjected to low or high temperature environments will deform, resulting in slippage at the clamping end or excessive clamping force, which causes damage or slippage at the clamping end during sample deformation, thus causing the experiment to fail. Therefore, when dealing with brittle materials or samples that have been subjected to low or high temperature treatment, high and low temperature fixtures need to be installed in high and low temperature boxes. Since the tensile fixture is limited by the travel of the testing machine, this requires the tensile fixture to be small in size, meet the test force, and be resistant to high and low temperatures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests, which has the effect of firmly and effectively clamping samples of different sizes under different environments.

[0006] The above technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: an adaptive tensile clamp for high and low temperature tests, comprising an upper chuck and a lower chuck symmetrically arranged, both the upper chuck and the lower chuck are fixed with a clamping part, and a clamping assembly is arranged on the clamping part, and the clamping assembly includes a cylindrical clamping block for clamping both sides of the sample and an elastic member for pressing the upper and lower ends of the sample.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, both ends of the sample are clamped by a pair of cylindrical sliders, the elastic part gives a pre-tightening fixing force to the sample in the thickness direction, the curvature of the cylinder matches the curvature of the transition section of the sample, and different sizes of samples can be clamped by installing cylindrical sliders of different diameters and thicknesses, so that the clamping part can firmly and effectively clamp samples of different sizes in different environments, and realize rapid batch tensile testing.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the cylindrical clamping blocks are configured as two groups that slide relatively on the clamping portion, the two groups of cylindrical clamping blocks are respectively located on both sides of the elastic member, and the clamping portion is provided with a driving component that drives the two groups of cylindrical clamping blocks to move relative to each other.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving component drives the cylindrical clamping block to move relatively to adjust the position of the cylindrical clamping block, so that it can adapt to samples of different sizes, increasing the versatility and flexibility of the equipment. At the same time, quickly adjusting the position of the clamping block can shorten the time for changing samples and improve test efficiency.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: a cavity is provided in the clamping part, the driving assembly includes a horizontal screw rod rotatably connected to the clamping part and having opposite threads at both ends located in the cavity, a moving block respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the horizontal screw rod, and a driving device for driving the two horizontal screw rods to rotate synchronously, the clamping part is provided with a through hole connected to the cavity, and the moving block is fixedly connected to the cylindrical clamping block after passing through the through hole.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the driving device drives the horizontal screw to rotate, and then when the horizontal screw rotates, the two cylindrical clamping blocks located on the same clamping part are driven by the moving block to move relative to adjust the position of the cylindrical clamping block. Through the driving component, the position of the clamping block can be automatically adjusted, thereby reducing the error of manual operation and improving the clamping accuracy and consistency. At the same time, the horizontal screw is located inside the clamping part, which can reduce the external dimensions of the clamping part, making the overall equipment more compact and suitable for working environments with limited space.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the driving device includes a driving motor fixed to one of the clamping parts for driving the horizontal screw to rotate, the horizontal screw extending out of the clamping part has a first bevel gear fixed at one end thereof, the clamping part is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, and a telescopic rod is fixed between the upper and lower second bevel gears.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a driving motor drives a horizontal screw to rotate, and then the first bevel gear at the end of the horizontal screw rotates, driving the second bevel gear meshing therewith to rotate, and the other second bevel gear and the first bevel gear are driven to rotate through the telescopic rod, and then the two horizontal screws rotate synchronously to drive the cylindrical clamping blocks of the upper and lower clamping parts to move synchronously to clamp the sample. The synchronous movement ensures that the upper and lower groups of clamping blocks can apply clamping force evenly, avoiding deformation or damage of the sample due to uneven clamping, thereby improving processing accuracy and making the operation easier. In addition, only one driving device needs to be controlled to achieve simultaneous adjustment of the upper and lower clamping blocks, reducing the complexity of operation.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: the telescopic rod comprises an inner rod and an outer rod sleeved outside the inner rod, the inner rod is configured as a rectangular bar, and a rectangular groove is provided in the outer rod for the inner rod to slide.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when conducting a tensile test, the testing machine stretches the sample through the upper chuck and the lower chuck, the distance between the upper and lower clamping parts is lengthened, the inner rod and the outer rod slide relatively, the overall length of the telescopic rod is extended, and the upper and lower second bevel gears are always connected to each other through the telescopic rod, so that the upper and lower horizontal screws can always rotate synchronously, thereby evenly applying clamping force to the sample.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: a pressure sensor is provided on the cylindrical clamping block, and the pressure sensor is connected to the driving motor via a controller.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the pre-tightening clamping force between the sample and the cylindrical slider is set before the experiment. When the pre-tightening clamping force change is detected during the test, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the drive motor to start adjusting the position of the cylindrical clamping block, thereby ensuring the stability of the pre-tightening clamping force, thereby always keeping the sample at an appropriate clamping force and preventing unnecessary deformation of the sample during the clamping process.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: the elastic member is configured as a spring sheet, an adjustment block is slidably arranged on the clamping portion, and an end portion of the spring sheet is mounted on the adjustment block via a fastening bolt of an external sleeve spring.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the cylindrical clamping block clamps the sample. After determining the clamping position of the sample, the sample is elastically fixed by the spring sheet, and a pre-tightening force is given to the sample in the thickness direction. The batch of samples for testing can be quickly replaced by sliding the spring sheet upward and left and right. At the same time, after the sample breaks, the fracture surface is prevented from being damaged due to the sample falling, which affects the microscopic analysis of other fracture surfaces of the sample in the later stage.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: a slide groove is provided on the clamping portion, the adjustment block slides in the slide groove, and the adjustment block is threadedly connected with an adjustment bolt extending into the slide groove.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjustment block can be slid up and down to adjust the position of the spring piece according to the length and thickness of the sample, so as to facilitate the fixation of different sample lengths in the thickness direction.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: both the upper chuck and the lower chuck are provided with engraved lines.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the sample is adjusted to be consistent with the tensile force direction of the tensile testing machine, thereby further solving the problem of sample centering.

[0024] The present invention is further configured as follows: the clamp is made of zirconium oxide material.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the entire fixture is made of high-strength, low-thermal-conductivity, high-temperature-resistant zirconia material, which has high mechanical strength and toughness, can withstand mechanical stress under high temperature, ensure the stability and reliability of the fixture during the test, and meet various test environment requirements.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. Clamp both ends of the sample through a pair of cylindrical sliders. The elastic part gives a pre-tightening force to the sample in the thickness direction. The curvature of the cylinder matches the curvature of the transition section of the sample. By installing cylindrical sliders of different diameters and thicknesses, samples of different sizes can be clamped. This allows the clamping part to clamp samples of different sizes stably and effectively in different environments, and can achieve rapid batch tensile testing.

[0028] 2. The drive assembly drives the cylindrical clamping block to move relatively and adjust the position of the cylindrical clamping block, so that it can adapt to samples of different sizes, increasing the versatility and flexibility of the equipment. At the same time, quickly adjusting the position of the clamping block can shorten the time for changing samples and improve the test efficiency;

[0029] 3. The cylindrical clamping block clamps the sample. After determining the clamping position of the sample, the sample is elastically fixed by the spring sheet, and a pre-tightening force is given to the sample in the thickness direction. The batch of samples can be quickly replaced by sliding the spring sheet upward and left and right. At the same time, it can prevent the sample from breaking and damaging the fracture due to the sample falling, which will affect the microscopic analysis of other fractures of the sample in the later stage.

[0030] 4. It adopts high-strength, low-thermal-conductivity, high-temperature-resistant zirconium oxide material, which has high mechanical strength and toughness, can withstand mechanical stress under high temperature, ensure the stability and reliability of the fixture during the test, and meet various test environment requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0035] In the figure, 1, upper chuck; 2, lower chuck; 3, clamping part; 4, clamping assembly; 41, cylindrical clamping block; 5, spring sheet; 6, driving assembly; 61, horizontal screw rod; 62, driving device; 621, driving motor; 622, first bevel gear; 623, second bevel gear; 624, telescopic rod; 624a, inner rod; 624b, outer rod; 7, cavity; 8, adjusting block; 9, fastening bolt; 10, slide groove; 11, adjusting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1, an adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes an upper chuck 1 and a lower chuck 2 that are symmetrically arranged, and both the upper chuck 1 and the lower chuck 2 are fixed with a clamping part 3, and a clamping assembly 4 is arranged on the clamping part 3. The clamping assembly 4 includes a cylindrical clamping block 41 for clamping both sides of the sample and an elastic member for pressing the upper and lower ends of the sample, and both ends of the sample are clamped by a pair of cylindrical sliders. The elastic member gives a pre-tightening force to the sample in the thickness direction, and the curvature of the cylinder matches the curvature of the transition section of the sample. By installing cylindrical sliders of different diameters and thicknesses to clamp samples of different sizes, the clamping part 3 can clamp samples of different sizes stably and effectively in different environments, and can realize rapid batch tensile testing.

[0038] Furthermore, the cylindrical clamping blocks 41 are arranged as two groups that slide relatively on the clamping portion 3, and the two groups of cylindrical clamping blocks 41 are respectively located on both sides of the elastic member. The clamping portion 3 is provided with a driving component 6 that drives the two groups of cylindrical clamping blocks 41 to move relative to each other. The driving component 6 drives the cylindrical clamping blocks 41 to move relative to each other to adjust the positions of the cylindrical clamping blocks 41 so that they can adapt to samples of different sizes.

[0039] Furthermore, a cavity 7 is provided in the clamping part 3, and the driving component 6 includes a horizontal screw rod 61 with opposite threads at both ends located in the cavity 7 and rotatably connected to the clamping part 3, a moving block respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the horizontal screw rod 61, and a driving device 62 for driving the two horizontal screw rods 61 to rotate synchronously. The clamping part 3 is provided with a through hole connecting the cavity 7. The moving block is fixedly connected to the cylindrical clamping block 41 after passing through the through hole. The driving device 62 drives the horizontal screw rod 61 to rotate, and then when the horizontal screw rod 61 rotates, the two cylindrical clamping blocks 41 located on the same clamping part 3 are driven by the moving block to move relative to adjust the position of the cylindrical clamping block 41. The driving component 6 can realize automatic adjustment of the position of the clamping block.

[0040] Furthermore, the driving device 62 includes a driving motor 621 fixed to one of the clamping parts 3 for driving the horizontal screw rod 61 to rotate. The horizontal screw rod 61 extends out of the clamping part 3 and is fixed with a first bevel gear 622 at one end. The clamping part 3 is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear 623 meshing with the first bevel gear 622. A telescopic rod 624 is fixed between the upper and lower second bevel gears 623. The driving motor 621 drives one horizontal screw rod 61 to rotate, and then the first bevel gear 622 at the end of the horizontal screw rod 61 rotates, driving the second bevel gear 623 meshing with it to rotate, and driving the other second bevel gear 623 and the first bevel gear 622 to rotate through the telescopic rod 624, and then the two horizontal screw rods 61 rotate synchronously, driving the cylindrical clamping blocks 41 of the upper and lower clamping parts 3 to move synchronously to clamp the sample. The synchronous movement ensures that the upper and lower groups of clamping blocks can evenly apply clamping force.

[0041] Furthermore, the telescopic rod 624 includes an inner rod 624a and an outer rod 624b sleeved outside the inner rod 624a, the inner rod 624a is set as a rectangular bar, and the outer rod 624b is provided with a rectangular groove for the inner rod 624a to slide. When performing a tensile test, the testing machine stretches the sample through the upper chuck 1 and the lower chuck 2, the distance between the upper and lower clamping parts 3 is lengthened, the inner rod 624a and the outer rod 624b slide relatively, the overall length of the telescopic rod 624 is extended, and the upper and lower second bevel gears 623 are always connected to each other through the telescopic rod 624, so that the upper and lower horizontal screw rods 61 can always rotate synchronously when rotating.

[0042] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided on the cylindrical clamping block 41, and the pressure sensor is connected to the driving motor 621 through a controller. Before the experiment, the pre-tightening clamping force between the sample and the cylindrical slider is set. When the pre-tightening clamping force change is detected during the test, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the driving motor 621 to start adjusting the position of the cylindrical clamping block 41, thereby ensuring the stability of the pre-tightening clamping force, thereby always keeping the sample at an appropriate clamping force.

[0043] Furthermore, the elastic member is configured as a spring sheet 5, an adjusting block 8 is slidably arranged on the clamping portion 3, the end of the spring sheet 5 is mounted on the adjusting block 8 through a fastening bolt 9 of an external sleeve spring, a slide groove 10 is provided on the clamping portion 3, the adjusting block 8 slides in the slide groove 10, the adjusting block 8 is threadedly connected with an adjusting bolt 11 extending into the slide groove 10, and the adjusting block 8 can be slid up and down to adjust the position of the spring sheet 5 according to the length and thickness of the sample, so as to facilitate the fixation of different sample lengths in the thickness direction.

[0044] Furthermore, both the upper chuck 1 and the lower chuck 2 are provided with engraved lines to adjust the sample to be consistent with the tensile direction of the tensile testing machine, further solving the problem of sample centering.

[0045] Furthermore, the fixture is made of zirconium oxide material, which has high mechanical strength and toughness, and can withstand mechanical stress at high temperatures, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the fixture during the test.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests, comprising an upper clamp (1) and a lower clamp (2) symmetrically arranged, characterized in that: The upper chuck (1) and the lower chuck (2) are both fixed with a clamping portion (3), and the clamping portion (3) is provided with a clamping assembly (4), and the clamping assembly (4) comprises a cylindrical clamping block (41) for clamping two sides of the sample and an elastic member for pressing the upper and lower ends of the sample.

2. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical clamping blocks (41) are arranged in two groups that slide relative to the clamping portion (3), the two groups of cylindrical clamping blocks (41) are respectively located on both sides of the elastic member, and the clamping portion (3) is provided with a driving assembly (6) that drives the two groups of cylindrical clamping blocks (41) to move relative to each other.

3. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping portion (3) is provided with a cavity (7), and the driving assembly (6) comprises a horizontal screw rod (61) rotatably connected to the clamping portion (3) and located in the cavity (7), with both ends being arranged with opposite threads, a moving block respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the horizontal screw rod (61), and a driving device (62) for driving the two horizontal screw rods (61) to rotate synchronously, and the clamping portion (3) is provided with a through hole connected to the cavity (7), and the moving block is fixedly connected to the cylindrical clamping block (41) after passing through the through hole.

4. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving device (62) comprises a driving motor (621) fixed to one of the clamping parts (3) for driving the horizontal screw rod (61) to rotate; one end of the horizontal screw rod (61) extending out of the clamping part (3) is fixed with a first bevel gear (622); the clamping part (3) is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear (623) meshing with the first bevel gear (622); a telescopic rod (624) is fixed between the upper and lower second bevel gears (623).

5. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (624) comprises an inner rod (624a) and an outer rod (624b) sleeved outside the inner rod (624a); the inner rod (624a) is configured as a rectangular bar, and the outer rod (624b) is provided with a rectangular groove for the inner rod (624a) to slide.

6. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cylindrical clamping block (41) is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the driving motor (621) via a controller.

7. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is a spring sheet (5), an adjustment block (8) is slidably mounted on the clamping portion (3), and an end of the spring sheet (5) is mounted on the adjustment block (8) via a fastening bolt (9) of an external sleeve spring.

8. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping portion (3) is provided with a slide groove (10), the adjustment block (8) slides in the slide groove (10), and the adjustment block (8) is threadedly connected with an adjustment bolt (11) extending into the slide groove (10).

9. The adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamp (1) and the lower clamp (2) are both provided with engraved lines.

10. An adaptive tensile fixture for high and low temperature tests according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The clamp is made of zirconium oxide material.

Images