Comprehensive measurement device and method for wheel-rail adhesion-creep sliding behavior and rail corrugation

Abstract

The invention relates to a wheel rail adhesion-creep sliding behavior and steel rail corrugation comprehensive measurement device and method. The wheel rail adhesion-creep sliding behavior and steel rail corrugation comprehensive measuring device comprises a left fixing frame, a right fixing frame, a linear driving motor, a lead screw transmission assembly, a lead screw sliding block, a mounting plate, a vertical loading platform, a configuration block, a rotary driving motor, a measuring wheel, a first rotary encoder, a torque sensor, a second rotary encoder and a laser displacement sensor. The creep rate can be calculated according to the moving speed of the vertical loading platform and the rotating linear speed of the measuring wheel, the adhesion coefficient can be calculated according to the pressure loaded to the steel rail and the torque generated when the measuring wheel rotates, and steel rail wavy abrasion (steel rail corrugation) data can be measured through the laser displacement sensor. The method has the beneficial effects that the corrugation data of the steel rail can be obtained while the adhesion-creep sliding curve of the wheel rail is detected, so that the collaborative analysis of the relation between the adhesion-creep sliding curve and the corrugation state of the steel rail is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field, and in particular to a comprehensive measurement device and method for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation. Background Art

[0002] The basic principle of train operation is to achieve traction and braking by means of the rolling contact of the EMU / locomotive wheels on the rails, and this process is completely dependent on the adhesion characteristics between the wheel and rail interface. Wheel-rail contact adhesion is a special rolling friction problem, which is not only related to factors such as contact spot pressure, contact object material, wheel-rail relative motion state, contact surface roughness, environmental conditions, but also affected by wheel-rail creep, wheel rolling speed and transmission system vibration. Many researchers have carried out a lot of research on the adhesion characteristics between wheels and rails in theory and experiments with the help of adhesion-creep curves.

[0003] Rail corrugation refers to the longitudinal unevenness of the rail, which refers to the unevenness of the rail surface in the longitudinal vertical direction after the wheel-rail contact due to wear, which will cause vibration, noise and safety problems during driving.

[0004] At present, most of the experimental research on wheel-rail adhesion is simulated experiments carried out in the laboratory. However, the surface conditions of the actual track vary greatly in dry state, lubricated state, water, oil, sand and other states. It is very difficult to simulate the surface conditions equivalent to the field track in the laboratory. At the same time, the existing field test equipment either cannot monitor the creep rate or the test cost is too high. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a field test device that is both convenient and fast and can detect the adhesion-creep curve to study the wheel-rail adhesion behavior. In addition, when detecting the wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior, the existing measurement equipment cannot simultaneously obtain the corrugation data of the rail, and thus cannot perform a coordinated analysis of the relationship between the adhesion-creep curve and the rail corrugation state. In this regard, creating a comprehensive measurement device and method for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation has important theoretical and practical significance and deserves further research. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a comprehensive measurement device and method for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation, which can obtain rail corrugation data while detecting wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior, thereby realizing coordinated analysis of the relationship between adhesion-creep curve and rail corrugation state.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measurement device comprises a left fixed frame, a right fixed frame, a linear drive motor, a screw transmission assembly, a screw slider, a mounting plate, a vertical loading platform, a configuration block, a rotary drive motor, a measuring wheel, a first rotary encoder, a torque sensor, a second rotary encoder, and a laser displacement sensor. The left fixed frame and the right fixed frame are respectively mounted on both ends of a rail (31). The linear drive motor is arranged on the left fixed frame. The linear drive motor drives the screw slider to move linearly back and forth between the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame along the rail through the screw transmission assembly. The mounting plate is vertically arranged at the bottom of the screw slider. The vertical loading platform is arranged on one side of the mounting plate and can slide up and down. The laser displacement sensor is arranged on the other side of the mounting plate. The rotary drive motor and the configuration block are arranged at the top of the vertical loading platform. The measuring wheel is arranged at the bottom of the vertical loading platform through the rotation of the wheel shaft. The output end of the linear drive motor is provided with a first rotary encoder. The torque sensor and the second rotary encoder are respectively arranged at both ends of the wheel shaft. The output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to the second rotary encoder.

[0007] Furthermore, the screw transmission assembly includes a ball screw and a cylindrical guide rail. The two ends of the ball screw are rotatably arranged on the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame respectively through the first support seat. The output end of the linear drive motor is connected to the ball screw through a coupling. The cylindrical guide rail is arranged on both sides of the ball screw. The two ends of the cylindrical guide rail are respectively fixed on the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame through the second support seat. The screw slider is threadedly sleeved on the ball screw. Connecting plates are provided on both sides of the screw slider. The cylindrical guide rail passes through the connecting plate and is slidably connected to the connecting plate through bearings.

[0008] Furthermore, a vertical linear guide rail is provided on one side of the mounting plate, and a linear slider slidably connected to the linear guide rail is provided on the vertical loading platform.

[0009] Furthermore, five laser displacement sensors are provided, and the probes of the five laser displacement sensors respectively correspond vertically to the midpoints of five circular arc segments located at the rail top in the cross section of the rail.

[0010] Furthermore, a driving wheel is provided at the output end of the rotary drive motor, a driven wheel is provided on the rotating shaft of the second rotary encoder, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a synchronous belt.

[0011] Furthermore, the wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measurement device also includes a host computer and a data acquisition card. The linear drive motor and the rotary drive motor are electrically connected to the host computer. The first rotary encoder, the torque sensor, the second rotary encoder, and the laser displacement sensor are electrically connected to the input end of the data acquisition card. The output end of the data acquisition card is electrically connected to the host computer.

[0012] Furthermore, the two sides of the bottom of the left fixing frame are connected to the two sides of the bottom of the right fixing frame through a fixing plate, and the bottom of the left fixing frame and the bottom of the right fixing frame are both provided with a support frame, and the bottom of the support frame is provided with a base, which is clamped to the bottom of the rail by fastening bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a comprehensive measurement method for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation, comprising: Configure the initial setting values ​​of the experimental parameters, including the measuring wheel moving speed, measuring wheel moving distance, creep rate control range, creep rate increase, number of reciprocating motions, normal pressure, and experimental simulation conditions; The linear drive motor and the rotary drive motor are started by the host computer to make rolling contact and slip between the measuring wheel and the rail. The moving speed of the vertical loading platform is detected by the first rotary encoder. , the torque sensor detects the torque when the measuring wheel rotates The second rotary encoder detects the rotational speed of the measuring wheel. , through the data acquisition card and Collect data and transmit the collected data to the host computer; The host computer sets the creep rate and the moving speed of the vertical loading platform Calculate the linear speed of the measuring wheel , and according to the measured The value controls the measuring wheel so that To simulate braking conditions, or Thus simulating the traction condition; For different simulation conditions, the host computer changes the creep rate according to the creep rate increase, and then measures the torque of the wheel when rotating under different creep rate conditions. The adhesion coefficient under different creep rates is calculated , and draw the adhesion-creep curves under different simulation conditions based on the calculation results; By adjusting the installation positions of the left and right fixing frames on the rail, the contact position between the measuring wheel and the rail surface is adjusted. For different contact positions, the host computer changes the creep rate according to the creep rate increase, and then measures the torque of the wheel when it rotates under different creep rate conditions. The adhesion coefficient under different creep rates is calculated , and draw the adhesion-creep curves at different contact positions based on the calculation results; The laser displacement sensor detects the distance between the probe of the laser displacement sensor and the corresponding arc segment midpoint. The second rotary encoder measures the mileage by recording the number of pulses generated. The data acquisition card collects the measured distance and mileage data and transmits them to the host computer. The host computer removes abnormal values ​​from the data through digital signal processing, and then calculates the mileage according to the formula Calculate the chord value of the corresponding arc segment midpoint , where is the rail irregularity function, is the horizontal distance from the starting point of the chord to the chord measuring point, is the horizontal distance from the end point of the chord to the chord measuring point, is the rail irregularity function value at the chord starting point, is the rail irregularity function value at the end point of the chord, is the chord length of the corresponding arc segment; The upper computer first decomposes the low-frequency band signal and the high-frequency band signal through empirical wavelet transform for the calculated chord measurement values, and then removes the trend term in the low-frequency band signal through ensemble empirical mode decomposition. Then, based on the least squares method, inverse filters with different amplitude responses are designed to process the chord measurement values, and the corrugation data of the corresponding band of the track are restored. Finally, the corrugation data are filtered in different wavelength segments through bandpass filters to obtain waveform diagrams of different wavelength segments.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention drives a vertical loading platform equipped with a measuring wheel to move by a linear drive motor, and then simulates the train running speed by the moving speed of the vertical loading platform; drives the measuring wheel to rotate by a rotary drive motor, and then simulates the train wheel speed by the measuring wheel speed; by controlling the rotation speed of the linear drive motor and the rotary drive motor, creep is generated between the wheel and rail, and the creep rate is regulated, and the adhesion coefficient between the wheel and rail is measured at the same time, and finally the adhesion coefficient under different creep rates is repeatedly measured by the reciprocating motion of the measuring wheel, and the adhesion-creep curve is drawn.

[0015] 2. The creep rate range that can be controlled by the present invention is 0-100%. The required creep rate can be input through the host computer to ensure that the creep rate during each test is required by the experiment. It has the advantages of large control range and high control accuracy.

[0016] 3. The present invention can control the running speed of the vertical loading platform through the host computer to ensure that the running speed during each test is required by the experiment, and has the advantage of high control accuracy.

[0017] 4. The present invention can carry out adhesion experiments under traction conditions and braking conditions. The upper computer controls the rotational linear speed of the measuring wheel to be greater than the moving speed of the vertical loading platform to simulate the traction condition; and controls the rotational linear speed of the measuring wheel to be less than the moving speed of the vertical loading platform to simulate the braking condition.

[0018] 5. The present invention can adjust the installation positions of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame on the rail, thereby changing the contact position between the measuring wheel and the rail surface, and performing adhesion experiments at different lateral contact positions on the rail surface.

[0019] 6. The present invention can synchronously collect rail surface corrugation data when the vertical loading platform is running by setting five laser displacement sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the comprehensive measurement device for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic front view of the structure of the comprehensive measurement device for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic side view of the structure of the comprehensive measurement device for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the right fixing frame on the rail in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of five laser displacement sensors in the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention is a device test control method and data acquisition flow chart; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the adhesion-creep curve results under traction and braking conditions in the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the adhesion-slip curve results of the test wheel at different lateral contact positions in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the displacement-amplitude curve result of the corrugation data measured by the laser displacement sensor 1 (mm) corresponding to the inner R13 arc segment in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the displacement-amplitude curve result of the corrugation data measured by the laser displacement sensor 2 (mm) corresponding to the inner R80 arc segment in the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the displacement-amplitude curve result of the corrugation data measured by the laser displacement sensor 3 (mm) corresponding to the middle R300 arc segment in the present invention; Fig.12It is a schematic diagram of the displacement-amplitude curve result of the corrugation data measured by the laser displacement sensor 4 (mm) corresponding to the outer R80 arc segment of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the displacement-amplitude curve results of the corrugation data measured by the laser displacement sensor 5 (mm) corresponding to the outer R13 arc segment of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. first support seat; 2. cylindrical guide rail; 3. bearing; 4. connecting plate; 5. lead screw slider; 6. second support seat; 7. left fixed frame; 8. linear drive motor; 9. fixed plate; 10. mounting plate; 11. right fixed frame; 12. linear guide rail; 13. driving wheel; 15. coupling; 17. passive wheel; 18. linear slider; 19. axle; 20. second rotary encoder; 21. synchronous belt; 22. rotary drive motor; 23. configuration block; 24. vertical loading platform; 26. torque sensor; 27. measuring wheel; 28. support frame; 29. ​​fastening bolts; 30. base; 31. rail; 32. ball screw; 33. laser displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a comprehensive measurement device for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation includes a left fixed frame 7, a right fixed frame 11, a linear drive motor 8, a screw transmission assembly, a screw slider 5, a mounting plate 10, a vertical loading platform 24, a configuration block 23, a rotary drive motor 22, a measuring wheel 27, a first rotary encoder, a torque sensor 26, a second rotary encoder 20, and a laser displacement sensor 33. The left fixed frame 7 and the right fixed frame 11 are respectively mounted on the two ends of the rail 31, and the linear drive motor 8 is installed on the left fixed frame 7. The linear drive motor 8 drives the screw slider 5 to make a linear reciprocating movement along the rail 31 between the left fixed frame 7 and the right fixed frame 11 through the screw transmission assembly. The mounting plate 10 is vertically fixed at the bottom of the screw slider 5, and an upright linear guide rail 12 is fixed on one side of the mounting plate 10. A linear slider 18 slidably connected to the linear guide rail 12 is fixed on the vertical loading platform 24, so that the vertical loading platform 24 can slide up and down along the linear guide rail 12. The laser displacement sensor 33 is installed on the other side of the mounting plate 10, the rotary drive motor 22 and the configuration block 23 are installed on the top of the vertical loading platform 24, and the measuring wheel 27 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the vertical loading platform 24 through the wheel shaft 19. The output end of the linear drive motor 8 is connected to the first rotary encoder, the torque sensor 26 and the second rotary encoder 20 are respectively connected to the two ends of the wheel shaft 19, and the output end of the rotary drive motor 22 is connected to the second rotary encoder 20.

[0024] In this embodiment, the torque sensor 26 adopts a TR1055 dynamic torque sensor; the laser displacement sensor 33 adopts a LDK60-882-3Hz laser displacement sensor.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the screw transmission assembly includes a ball screw 32 and a cylindrical guide rail 2. The two ends of the ball screw 32 are rotatably mounted on the left fixing frame 7 and the right fixing frame 11 through the first support seat 1, the output end of the linear drive motor 8 is connected to the ball screw 32 through the coupling 15, the cylindrical guide rail 2 is arranged on both sides of the ball screw 32, and the two ends of the cylindrical guide rail 2 are respectively fixed on the left fixing frame 7 and the right fixing frame 11 through the second support seat 6, the screw slider 5 is threadedly sleeved on the ball screw 32, and the two sides of the screw slider 5 are fixed with connecting plates 4, and the cylindrical guide rail 2 passes through the connecting plate 4 and is slidably connected to the connecting plate 4 through the bearing 3.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a driving wheel 13 is installed at the output end of the rotary drive motor 22, and a passive wheel 17 is installed on the rotating shaft of the second rotary encoder 20. The driving wheel 13 and the passive wheel 17 are connected by a synchronous belt 21, and the rotary drive motor 22 can drive the measuring wheel 27 to rotate.

[0027] By driving the ball screw 32 to rotate through the linear drive motor 8, the vertical loading platform 24 and the measuring wheel 27 can be driven to move synchronously and linearly along the rail 31 through the screw slider 5, and the train speed can be simulated by the linear movement speed of the vertical loading platform 24 and the measuring wheel 27; by driving the measuring wheel 27 to rotate through the rotary drive motor 22, the wheel speed of the train can be simulated by the rotational linear speed of the measuring wheel 27; by the linear drive motor 8 and the rotary drive motor 22 working at the same time, creep can be generated between the measuring wheel 27 and the track, and the creep rate can be adjusted. At the same time, the adhesion coefficient between the measuring wheel 27 and the track can be measured, and then during the reciprocating motion of the measuring wheel 27, the adhesion coefficient under different creep rates can be measured and the adhesion-creep curve can be drawn.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the two sides of the bottom of the left fixing frame 7 and the two sides of the bottom of the right fixing frame 11 are connected by fixing plates 9, and the bottom of the left fixing frame 7 and the bottom of the right fixing frame 11 are fixed with support frames 28, and the bottom of the support frame 28 is fixed with a base 30, and the base 30 is clamped to the bottom of the rail 31 by fastening bolts 29. By changing the installation position of the left fixing frame 7 and the right fixing frame 11 on the rail 31, the contact position of the measuring wheel 27 and the rail surface can be changed, and then the adhesion test of different lateral contact positions on the rail surface can be carried out.

[0029] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, there are five laser displacement sensors 33, which are respectively denoted as laser displacement sensor 1 (mm), laser displacement sensor 2 (mm), laser displacement sensor 3 (mm), laser displacement sensor 4 (mm), and laser displacement sensor 5 (mm). The probes of the five laser displacement sensors 33 correspond vertically to the midpoints of the five arc segments located at the rail top in the cross section of the rail. The five arc segments are divided into an inner R13 arc segment, an inner R80 arc segment, a middle R300 arc segment, an outer R80 arc segment, and an outer R13 arc segment according to the radius. The laser displacement sensor 1 (mm) corresponds to the inner R13 arc segment, the laser displacement sensor 2 (mm) corresponds to the inner R80 arc segment, the laser displacement sensor 3 (mm) corresponds to the middle R300 arc segment, the laser displacement sensor 4 (mm) corresponds to the outer R80 arc segment, and the laser displacement sensor 5 (mm) corresponds to the outer R13 arc segment. During the above-mentioned wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior experiment, the corrugation data of each arc segment on the rail surface can be synchronously collected by the laser displacement sensor 33 .

[0030] In order to facilitate the above-mentioned experiments, the wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measurement device of the present invention also includes a host computer and a data acquisition card. The linear drive motor 8 and the rotary drive motor 22 are electrically connected to the host computer, the first rotary encoder, the torque sensor 26, the second rotary encoder 20, and the laser displacement sensor 33 are electrically connected to the input end of the data acquisition card, and the output end of the data acquisition card is electrically connected to the host computer.

[0031] The moving speed of the vertical loading platform 24 can be measured by the first rotary encoder. The rotational linear velocity of the measuring wheel 27 is detected by the second rotary encoder 20 , through the data acquisition card and Collect data and transmit the collected data to the host computer, which can then Calculate the creep rate The torque sensor 26 can measure the torque when the measuring wheel 27 rotates , through the data acquisition card Collect data and transmit the collected data to the host computer, which can then The adhesion coefficient is calculated as is the radius of the measuring wheel 27, It is the normal pressure applied by the measuring wheel 27 to the rail 31 . The normal pressure is a fixed value, which is converted according to the total weight of the vertical loading platform 24 and all structures installed on the vertical loading platform 24 .

[0032] Before conducting experiments with the above-mentioned wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measurement device, the initial parameters of the equipment are first configured. The initial parameters of the equipment include the number of pulses per motor revolution, the torque sensor range and voltage range, the encoder range and voltage range, the laser displacement sensor range and voltage range, the measuring wheel diameter, and the experimental simulation conditions; among them, the number of pulses per motor revolution, the torque sensor range and voltage range, the encoder range and voltage range, and the measuring wheel diameter are fixed values ​​and can be set according to the specific situation of the equipment; by modifying the experimental simulation conditions, it can be determined whether the experiment simulates traction or braking conditions.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the experimental parameters for the experimental configuration include the measuring wheel moving speed, measuring wheel moving distance, creep rate control range, creep rate increase, number of reciprocating motions, number of experiments, and normal pressure. These parameters are determined according to the experimental requirements; when the host computer starts the program running, the data acquisition card will collect torque, speed, creep rate, and adhesion coefficient; when the experiment is over, the host computer program automatically saves the collected and calculated data.

[0034] The specific experiment conducted by the above-mentioned wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measurement device includes the following experimental process: Configure the initial setting values ​​of the experimental parameters, including the measuring wheel moving speed, measuring wheel moving distance, creep rate control range, creep rate increase, number of reciprocating motions, normal pressure, and experimental simulation conditions.

[0035] The upper computer starts the linear drive motor 8 and the rotary drive motor 22 to make the measuring wheel 27 and the rail 31 roll and slip, and the moving speed of the vertical loading platform 24 is detected by the first rotary encoder. The torque sensor 26 detects the torque when the measuring wheel 27 rotates. The rotational linear velocity of the measuring wheel 27 is detected by the second rotary encoder 20 , through the data acquisition card and Collect data and transmit the collected data to the host computer.

[0036] The host computer sets the creep rate and the moving speed of the vertical loading platform 24 The rotational linear velocity of the measuring wheel 27 is calculated as follows: , and according to the measured The value controls the measuring wheel 27 so that To simulate braking conditions, or This simulates traction conditions.

[0037] For different simulation conditions, the host computer changes the creep rate according to the creep rate increase, and then measures the torque of the wheel 27 when rotating under different creep rate conditions. The adhesion coefficient under different creep rates is calculated , and the adhesion-creep curves under different simulation conditions are drawn according to the calculation results.

[0038] By adjusting the installation positions of the left fixing frame 7 and the right fixing frame 11 on the rail 31, the contact position between the measuring wheel 27 and the surface of the rail 31 is adjusted. For different contact positions, the upper computer changes the creep rate according to the creep rate increase, and then measures the torque of the measuring wheel 27 when it rotates under different creep rate conditions. The adhesion coefficient under different creep rates is calculated , and the adhesion-creep curves at different contact positions are drawn based on the calculation results.

[0039] The laser displacement sensor 33 detects the distance between the probe of the laser displacement sensor 33 and the corresponding arc segment midpoint. The second rotary encoder 20 measures the mileage by recording the number of pulses generated. The data acquisition card collects the measured distance and mileage data and transmits them to the host computer. The host computer removes abnormal values ​​from the data through digital signal processing, and then calculates the mileage according to the formula Calculate the chord value of the corresponding arc segment midpoint , where is the rail irregularity function, is the horizontal distance from the starting point of the chord to the chord measuring point, is the horizontal distance from the end point of the chord to the chord measuring point, is the rail irregularity function value at the chord starting point, is the rail irregularity function value at the end point of the chord, is the chord length of the corresponding arc segment.

[0040] The upper computer first decomposes the low-frequency band signal and the high-frequency band signal through empirical wavelet transform for the calculated chord measurement values, and then removes the trend term in the low-frequency band signal through ensemble empirical mode decomposition. Then, based on the least squares method, inverse filters with different amplitude responses are designed to process the chord measurement values, and the corrugation data of the corresponding band of the track are restored. Finally, the corrugation data are filtered in different wavelength segments through bandpass filters to obtain waveform diagrams of different wavelength segments.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the adhesion-creep curve obtained by the test of the present invention is similar to the previous research results. The adhesion coefficient under both braking and traction conditions increases with the increase of creep rate, and then tends to be stable, and the maximum adhesion coefficient is between 0.3 and 0.6.

[0042] like Figure 8As shown, this embodiment conducts adhesion tests at three contact positions: the rail driving line, the middle of the rail, and the rail non-driving line. The adhesion coefficients at the three contact positions will first increase rapidly with the increase of the creep rate, and then rise slowly. The maximum adhesion coefficients at the three contact positions are between 0.3 and 0.6, but the maximum adhesion coefficients at the three contact positions are different.

[0043] like Figure 9-13 As shown, based on the above five arc segments, each part of the rail surface has varying degrees of corrugation. It can be seen that the severity of the corrugation in the R13 arc segment, the R80 arc segment, and the R300 arc segment gradually increases, and the corrugation amplitude of the R13 segment is concentrated within 0.03mm, the corrugation amplitude of the R80 segment is concentrated within 0.07mm, and the corrugation amplitude of the R300 segment is concentrated within 0.1mm.

[0044] The above test results show that through the measuring device and method of the present invention, a complete adhesion-creep curve and a precise displacement-amplitude curve for rail corrugation can be accurately obtained, and the tester can be used for comprehensive test and measurement of adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation under field lines.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A comprehensive measuring device for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a left fixed frame (7), a right fixed frame (11), a linear drive motor (8), a screw transmission assembly, a screw slider (5), a mounting plate (10), a vertical loading platform (24), a configuration block (23), a rotary drive motor (22), a measuring wheel (27), a first rotary encoder, a torque sensor (26), a second rotary encoder (20), and a laser displacement sensor (33). The left fixed frame (7) and the right fixed frame (11) are respectively mounted at two ends of a steel rail (31). The linear drive motor (8) is arranged on the left fixed frame (7). The linear drive motor (8) drives the screw slider (5) through the screw transmission assembly to move between the left fixed frame (7) and the right fixed frame (11) along the steel rail (31). 1) to make linear reciprocating movement, the mounting plate (10) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the lead screw slider (5), the vertical loading platform (24) is arranged on one side of the mounting plate (10) and can slide up and down, the laser displacement sensor (33) is arranged on the other side of the mounting plate (10), the rotary drive motor (22) and the configuration block (23) are arranged on the top of the vertical loading platform (24), the measuring wheel (27) is rotated through the wheel shaft (19) and is arranged at the bottom of the vertical loading platform (24), the output end of the linear drive motor (8) is provided with a first rotary encoder, the torque sensor (26) and the second rotary encoder (20) are respectively arranged at both ends of the wheel shaft (19), and the output end of the rotary drive motor (22) is connected to the second rotary encoder (20).

2. The wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw transmission assembly comprises a ball screw (32) and a cylindrical guide rail (2). The two ends of the ball screw (32) are rotatably arranged on a left fixing frame (7) and a right fixing frame (11) through a first support seat (1). The output end of the linear drive motor (8) is connected to the ball screw (32) through a coupling (15). The cylindrical guide rail (2) is arranged on both sides of the ball screw (32). The two ends of the cylindrical guide rail (2) are respectively fixed to the left fixing frame (7) and the right fixing frame (11) through a second support seat (6). The screw slider (5) is threadedly sleeved on the ball screw (32). Connecting plates (4) are arranged on both sides of the screw slider (5). The cylindrical guide rail (2) passes through the connecting plate (4) and is slidably connected to the connecting plate (4) through a bearing (3).

3. The wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical linear guide rail (12) is provided on one side of the mounting plate (10), and a linear slide block (18) slidably connected to the linear guide rail (12) is provided on the vertical loading platform (24).

4. The wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Five laser displacement sensors (33) are provided, and the probes of the five laser displacement sensors (33) respectively correspond vertically to the midpoints of five circular arc segments located at the rail top in the cross section of the steel rail (31).

5. The wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving wheel (13) is provided at the output end of the rotary drive motor (22), a driven wheel (17) is provided on the rotating shaft of the second rotary encoder (20), and the driving wheel (13) and the driven wheel (17) are connected via a synchronous belt (21).

6. The wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a host computer and a data acquisition card. The linear drive motor (8) and the rotary drive motor (22) are electrically connected to the host computer. The first rotary encoder, the torque sensor (26), the second rotary encoder (20), and the laser displacement sensor (33) are electrically connected to the input end of the data acquisition card. The output end of the data acquisition card is electrically connected to the host computer.

7. The wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation comprehensive measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the bottom of the left fixing frame (7) and the two sides of the bottom of the right fixing frame (11) are connected through a fixing plate (9), and the bottom of the left fixing frame (7) and the bottom of the right fixing frame (11) are both provided with a support frame (28), and the bottom of the support frame (28) is provided with a base (30), and the base (30) is clamped to the bottom of the rail (31) by a fastening bolt (29).

8. A comprehensive measurement method for wheel-rail adhesion-creep behavior and rail corrugation, characterized in that: include: Configuring initial setting values ​​of experimental parameters, the experimental parameters including the moving speed of the measuring wheel (27), the moving distance of the measuring wheel (27), the creep rate control range, the creep rate increase, the number of reciprocating motions, the normal pressure, and the experimental simulation conditions; The linear drive motor (8) and the rotary drive motor (22) are started by the host computer, so that rolling contact and slippage occur between the measuring wheel (27) and the rail (31), and the moving speed of the vertical loading platform (24) is detected by the first rotary encoder. The torque sensor (26) detects the torque when the measuring wheel (27) rotates. The rotational linear velocity of the measuring wheel (27) is detected by the second rotary encoder (20). , through the data acquisition card and Collect data and transmit the collected data to the host computer; The host computer sets the creep rate and the moving speed of the vertical loading platform (24) The rotational speed of the measuring wheel (27) is calculated , and according to the measured The value controls the measuring wheel (27) so that To simulate braking conditions, or Thus simulating the traction condition; For different simulation conditions, the host computer changes the creep rate according to the creep rate increase, and then measures the torque of the wheel (27) when it rotates under different creep rate conditions. The adhesion coefficient under different creep rates is calculated , and draw the adhesion-creep curves under different working conditions based on the calculation results; By adjusting the installation positions of the left fixing frame (7) and the right fixing frame (11) on the rail (31), the contact position between the measuring wheel (27) and the surface of the rail (31) is adjusted. For different contact positions, the upper computer changes the creep rate according to the creep rate increase, and then measures the torque of the measuring wheel (27) when it rotates under different creep rate conditions. The adhesion coefficient under different creep rates is calculated , and draw the adhesion-creep curves at different contact positions based on the calculation results; The laser displacement sensor (33) detects the distance between the probe of the laser displacement sensor (33) and the corresponding arc segment midpoint. The second rotary encoder (20) measures the mileage by recording the number of pulses generated. The data acquisition card collects the measured distance and mileage data and transmits them to the host computer. The host computer removes abnormal values ​​from the data through digital signal processing, and then calculates the mileage according to the formula Calculate the chord value of the corresponding arc segment midpoint , where is the rail irregularity function, is the horizontal distance from the starting point of the chord to the chord measuring point, is the horizontal distance from the end point of the chord to the chord measuring point, is the rail irregularity function value at the chord starting point, is the rail irregularity function value at the end point of the chord, is the chord length of the corresponding arc segment; The upper computer first decomposes the low-frequency band signal and the high-frequency band signal through empirical wavelet transform for the calculated chord measurement values, and then removes the trend term in the low-frequency band signal through ensemble empirical mode decomposition. Then, based on the least squares method, inverse filters with different amplitude responses are designed to process the chord measurement values, and the corrugation data of the corresponding band of the track are restored. Finally, the corrugation data are filtered in different wavelength segments through bandpass filters to obtain waveform diagrams of different wavelength segments.

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