Dry transformer fault characteristic gas detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to but is not limited to the technical field of gas concentration monitoring, and discloses a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device and method, and the device comprises a sensor module, a power supply module, and a central control module. The sensor module comprises a gas sensor and a circuit module matched with the gas sensor, and is used for collecting gas concentration data in real time by utilizing the gas sensor and transmitting the gas concentration data to the central control module; and the power supply module is composed of a power supply module, a voltage conversion module and a peripheral module and is used for providing stable power supply support for the whole system and managing communication and function integration among the components. The system is suitable for various environment monitoring requirements such as laboratories, industrial places and warehouses, the safety management level can be effectively improved, and it is ensured that the concentration change of harmful gas in the environment can be reflected in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to but is not limited to the technical field of gas concentration monitoring, and in particular relates to a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device and detection method. Background Art

[0002] The detection of gas composition or concentration is of great significance to environmental climate monitoring, industrial and agricultural production, and medical diagnosis.

[0003] The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device is an efficient, reliable and easy-to-operate environmental detection device that can detect carbon monoxide (CO) and formaldehyde (CH 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration for effective real-time monitoring. The device can save the detection data periodically according to the set time, and can save all historical monitoring data to a USB flash drive in the form of a .csv table, which is convenient for users to record and analyze data later.

[0004] The detection device has a built-in charging and discharging circuit for the 18650 lithium battery pack, which supports battery power supply without an external power supply, and charges the battery when connected to an external charger, ensuring the long-term continuous operation of the detection device. All sensors on the device are plug-in designs, and users can easily replace sensors when they fail, without complicated maintenance operations, which greatly improves the maintainability of the equipment.

[0005] In addition, the detection device also provides flexible configuration options. Users can customize the upper and lower limit thresholds of gas concentration alarms, the tolerance time for alarms after abnormalities occur, and the data storage cycle according to actual application scenarios. These functions make it suitable for a variety of environmental monitoring needs, such as laboratories, industrial sites, warehouses, etc. Using this product can effectively improve the level of safety management and ensure that the concentration changes of harmful gases in the environment can be reflected in a timely manner.

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the technical problems that need to be solved urgently in the prior art are:

[0007] Real-time monitoring of carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and carbon dioxide concentrations in the environment to ensure air quality in various places and prevent leakage or exceeding of dangerous gases. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a dry transformer fault characteristic gas detection device and detection method.

[0009] The present invention is implemented as follows: a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device, the device comprising a sensor module, a power supply module, and a central control module;

[0010] The sensor module includes a gas sensor and its supporting circuit module, which is used to collect gas concentration data in real time using the gas sensor and transmit it to the central control module; the power supply module is composed of a power supply module, a voltage conversion module and a peripheral module, which is used to provide stable power support for the entire system and manage the communication and function integration between various components;

[0011] The power module includes capacitors (C3, C4, C5, 22 μF), voltage regulators and switches to manage power distribution and provide stable power to various components in the system;

[0012] The voltage conversion module includes a voltage regulation IC and an adjustable voltage control mechanism (CTRL), which converts the external input voltage (such as 12V to 24V) into a voltage suitable for use by various modules within the system;

[0013] The peripheral module includes a port connected to a sensor or an external device (such as 485A and 485B connection) for connection and communication between the system and the external device (such as a sensor, an actuator, etc.);

[0014] The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device further comprises:

[0015] The sensor base module provides a connection platform for the sensors in the system, including multiple RX and TX ports for serial communication and data transmission. Through the base module, the sensor can transmit data to the system through the serial communication interface (such as RX and TX ports). The RX port is used to receive data and the TX port is used to send data.

[0016] Communication interface module, including communication chips (such as 485A and 485B) and their related circuits, data transmission between various parts of the system, including data exchange between sensors and central controller;

[0017] Battery modules, including batteries, charging ports and related components, ensure seamless system operation in mobile conditions and enable the device to operate independently without external power sources;

[0018] The PCB layout of the dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device shows the connection between the sensor module, the communication interface module and the power module on the top layer, and the connection and configuration of the power system and the sensor interface on the bottom layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the device includes two circuit boards, a sensor sub-board and a battery motherboard. The sensor module is connected to the battery module via the Modbus protocol. The sensor module is mainly used to collect gas concentration data and transmit the data to the battery motherboard via the Modbus protocol, while the battery module is used to provide power support for the device and manage communication functions.

[0020] Furthermore, the device is equipped with three gas sensors on top, each of which is connected to the Modbus communication network inside the device through a TTL to 485 chip. The sockets of the three sensors are of universal design. After the sensor is configured with a unique communication address, it can be inserted into any socket to achieve normal data collection and transmission.

[0021] Furthermore, a MCGS configuration touch screen is installed in the center of the front of the device. The touch screen is connected to the external connection terminal of the battery motherboard inside the equipment, and is used to display gas concentration data, historical data and alarm setting interface, and supports users to realize all operation control through the touch screen.

[0022] Furthermore, the user operation interface of the device is divided into three parts: a gas concentration display interface (main interface), a historical data interface and an alarm setting interface, and the user can perform all operation controls through the touch screen.

[0023] Furthermore, an alarm light and a main switch of the device are installed below the touch screen. The alarm light is connected to the control end of the battery module. When the gas concentration detected by the detection device reaches a preset alarm threshold, the alarm light will flash and emit a continuous sound to remind the user to take corresponding measures.

[0024] Furthermore, the device is equipped with a large-capacity 18650 lithium battery pack, which is mounted on a battery motherboard and connected to a power module via a voltage conversion module, supporting independent operation without an external power supply.

[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas of a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1: The gas concentration data of a specific area is collected through the gas sensor, and the sensor daughter board performs preliminary processing on the data;

[0027] S2: Transmit the data collected by the sensor daughter board to the battery mother board through the Modbus protocol;

[0028] S3: The battery motherboard receives and further processes the gas concentration data transmitted by the sensor daughterboard, and transmits the processed data to the MCGS configuration touch screen for display;

[0029] S4: When the gas concentration data reaches the preset alarm threshold, the battery motherboard controls the alarm light to flash and emit a sound to remind the user to take corresponding measures;

[0030] S5: On the user operation interface of the detection device, the real-time gas concentration, historical data and alarm settings are viewed through the touch screen, and the alarm threshold and other setting parameters are adjusted according to the user operation;

[0031] S6: When the external power supply of the device is disconnected, it switches to the 18650 lithium battery pack to ensure that the device continues to operate without external power supply and continues to detect gas concentration;

[0032] S7: When the gas sensor is damaged or needs to be replaced, insert the new sensor into the universal socket on the device and configure a new unique communication address to join the Modbus communication network and work normally.

[0033] Further, in step S1, the gas concentration data C collected by the gas sensor t The preliminary processing of includes smoothing the original signal, and its calculation formula is:

[0034] C' t =αC t-1 +(1-α)C t

[0035] Among them, C' t is the gas concentration after smoothing, C t is the gas concentration at the current moment, C t-1 is the gas concentration at the previous moment, α is the smoothing factor, and its value range is between 0 and 1.

[0036] Further, in step S3, the processing of the gas concentration data by the battery motherboard includes calculating the change rate R of the characteristic gas, and the calculation formula is:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, C t is the gas concentration at the current moment, C t-1 is the gas concentration at the previous moment, and Δt is the time interval between two moments, which is used to detect the changing trend of gas concentration.

[0039] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0040] First, the present invention can achieve the reduction of carbon monoxide (CO), formaldehyde (CH 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration for effective real-time monitoring. The device can save the detection data periodically according to the set time, and can save all historical monitoring data to a USB flash drive in the form of a .csv table, which is convenient for users to record and analyze data later.

[0041] The present invention has a built-in charging and discharging circuit of a 18650 lithium battery pack, supports battery power supply without an external power supply, and charges the battery when connected to an external charger, ensuring that the detection device can work continuously for a long time. All sensors on the device are plug-in design, and users can easily replace sensors when they fail, without complicated maintenance operations, which greatly improves the maintainability of the device.

[0042] The present invention also provides flexible configuration options. Users can customize the upper and lower thresholds of gas concentration alarms, the tolerance time for alarms after abnormalities occur, and the data storage cycle according to actual application scenarios. These functions make it suitable for a variety of environmental monitoring needs, such as laboratories, industrial sites, warehouses, etc. The use of this product can effectively improve the level of safety management and ensure that the concentration changes of harmful gases in the environment can be reflected in a timely manner.

[0043] Second, the present invention aims at the deficiencies of gas detection in dry-type transformers and industrial environments in the prior art, and proposes a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device integrating multiple gas sensors to solve the limitations of traditional equipment in terms of real-time performance, data accuracy, reliability and safety. Existing detection technologies can usually only collect limited types of gases, and the equipment operation interface is complex, which is not convenient for on-site real-time monitoring and data recording, and it is difficult to meet the needs of modern industry for high-precision and high-real-time fault monitoring.

[0044] The detection device provided by the present invention can collect multiple fault characteristic gas concentration data in real time by integrating three gas sensors, and can perform user-friendly operation and display through the touch screen, which significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of data collection. The structural design of separating the sensor sub-board from the battery motherboard facilitates the interconnection and independent maintenance of each module, further improving the stability of equipment operation and the convenience of operation.

[0045] In terms of technological progress, the present invention uses the standardized Modbus communication protocol to ensure efficient data transmission and information sharing inside and outside the device, and supports remote monitoring and centralized management. This modular and standardized design reduces the installation and maintenance costs of the equipment in different industrial scenarios, allowing the gas monitoring system to be quickly deployed in a variety of environments. At the same time, the personalized setting of the alarm threshold and the real-time response function significantly improve the effectiveness of safety monitoring.

[0046] The present invention has significant technical progress in industrial applications. It not only solves the shortcomings of the existing technology in terms of diversity, real-time and accuracy in environmental gas monitoring, but also achieves a simultaneous improvement in user convenience and safety. Through efficient alarm functions and data recording, the device greatly improves the efficiency of equipment operation and maintenance in the fields of industrial power, chemical industry, environmental protection, etc., and provides a safe, reliable and intelligent gas monitoring solution for the industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 is a front view of a detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 is a top view of a detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 is an internal circuit diagram of a detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a gas concentration display interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing concentration during the preheating process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a historical data interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an alarm setting interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a daughter board circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a motherboard circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.12 (a) a top view of a daughter board PCB and (b) a bottom view of a daughter board PCB provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.13 It is a motherboard PCB diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the configuration main interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device, the device comprising a sensor module, a power supply module, and a central control module;

[0063] The sensor module includes a gas sensor and its supporting circuit module, which is used to collect gas concentration data in real time using the gas sensor and transmit it to the central control module; the power supply module is composed of a power supply module, a voltage conversion module and a peripheral module, which is used to provide stable power support for the entire system and manage the communication and function integration between various components;

[0064] Power Module

[0065] Components: The module includes capacitors (C3, C4, C5, 22μF), voltage regulators, and a switch (Switch) to manage the power distribution.

[0066] Function: The power module is used to manage the input and output voltages to provide the required power to the circuit. The module ensures that the system gets the appropriate voltage from the power supply (VCC) and distributes it to other components such as gas sensors and communication systems. The output voltages include 5V, 12V, and 24V.

[0067] The main task of the power module is to provide stable power to various components in the system. At the input end, the power module receives voltage from an external power source (such as 12V, 24V power supply), filters and stabilizes the voltage through capacitors (C3, C4, C5, 22μF). The voltage regulator adjusts the voltage to a suitable value (such as 5V, 12V, 24V) according to the needs of the system to ensure stable operation of the system. In addition, the power module also contains a switch to enable or disable the power supply to avoid unnecessary power consumption.

[0068] Voltage conversion module

[0069] Components: The module includes a voltage regulator IC and an adjustable voltage control mechanism (CTRL).

[0070] Function: The voltage conversion module is designed to convert the input voltage (such as 12V to 24V) into the operating voltage required by various components in the system. By regulating the input voltage and controlling the trim level, the module ensures that other components in the circuit receive the correct voltage, thereby ensuring stable operation of the system.

[0071] The voltage conversion module is mainly responsible for converting the external input voltage into a voltage suitable for each module in the system. For example, it can convert a 12V input voltage into a 24V or 5V output voltage. By adjusting the voltage control mechanism (CTRL), the module can dynamically adjust the output voltage according to system requirements to ensure that the device obtains the required power. The module achieves stable voltage output through an efficient voltage regulation IC (integrated circuit) to ensure the stability and accuracy of the voltage during system operation.

[0072] Peripheral modules(peripheral modules):

[0073] Components: Include ports for connecting to sensors or external devices (such as 485A and 485B connections). These connections enable communication between sensors and the core system.

[0074] Function: The peripheral module is used to interface the system with external devices (such as sensors or actuators) to ensure the normal input / output communication. It is used for the connection and communication between the system and external devices (such as sensors, actuators, etc.). The module exchanges data with external devices through the 485A and 485B connection ports. Through these connections, external sensors can transmit collected data to the system, and the system can also send control commands to external devices through actuators. The role of the peripheral module is to ensure the accurate transmission of input and output data, thereby ensuring the normal coordination and operation of the system and external devices.

[0075] Sensor Base Module

[0076] Components: Includes multiple RX and TX ports for serial communication and handles data transfer.

[0077] Function: The sensor base is the main interface for the sensor in the system. It includes RX (receive) and TX (transmit) ports for communication, connecting the sensor to the rest of the system.

[0078] The sensor base module provides a connection platform for the sensors in the system. Through the base module, the sensor can transmit data to the system through serial communication interfaces such as RX and TX ports. The RX port is used to receive data and the TX port is used to send data. The working principle of the sensor base module is to ensure stable and reliable data exchange between the sensor and the system, thereby ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of the data.

[0079] Communication interface module

[0080] Components: Includes communication chips (such as 485A and 485B) and their associated circuits to ensure reliable exchange of data.

[0081] Function: The communication interface module is used to manage data transmission between various parts of the system, especially the data exchange between sensors and the central controller.

[0082] The communication interface module is responsible for the data transmission between different modules within the system. In particular, it handles the data exchange between sensors and the central controller. Through the 485A and 485B communication chips and related circuits, data can be transferred between modules in a reliable manner. The working principle of this module is to use serial communication technology to transmit the data collected by the sensor to the central controller for further processing, ensuring the accuracy of the data and the coordination between systems.

[0083] Battery Module

[0084] Components: The battery module includes the battery, charging interface and related components to ensure seamless operation of the system under mobile conditions.

[0085] Function: This module is responsible for providing power to the system, ensuring that the device can operate independently without an external power source. The battery module provides backup power to the system, ensuring that the device can continue to operate without an external power source. The battery module includes battery cells and charging interfaces, which can store the power of the external power source in the battery and provide power when the system needs it. Through intelligent control, the battery module ensures that the battery charging and discharging process is efficient and stable, and can dynamically adjust the battery output voltage according to the actual needs of the system.

[0086] PCB layout is the core of system circuit design, which shows the connection relationship between all electrical components. The power module, communication module and sensor module are all connected together through precise PCB layout to form a collaborative whole. In the top-level design, sensors, communication pins (RX, TX) and power supplies are interconnected through wiring to ensure smooth transmission of signals and power. In the bottom-level design, the layout of the power system and sensor interface ensures the stability and scalability of the system and avoids signal interference and power loss.

[0087] Together, these modules form a system that processes data from sensors, converts power, and manages communications for monitoring or control applications. The system is designed with efficiency, stability, and scalability in mind. These modules work together to ensure that the system can operate efficiently and stably. The working principles of each module work closely together to ensure that data processing, power supply, device control, and communication with external devices can all be seamless, providing users with precise and efficient monitoring and control services.

[0088] The gas sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention is responsible for collecting gas concentration data in a specific area and capturing fault characteristic gases in the air, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. Each sensor sub-board performs preliminary processing on the collected raw gas concentration data through a built-in signal processing circuit. The preliminary processing includes filtering, noise removal and data standardization of the data to ensure that the transmitted data is improved in terms of accuracy and stability, thereby reducing errors in subsequent processing.

[0089] The sensor daughter board transmits the processed gas concentration data to the battery motherboard through the Modbus protocol. The Modbus protocol is a communication protocol widely used in the field of industrial automation. It provides a simple and efficient data transmission method to ensure that the sensor data can be stably transmitted through the main device. At this stage, the battery motherboard is mainly responsible for data reception and temporary storage, encapsulating the data transmitted by the sensor and transmitting it to the next processing module.

[0090] After receiving the gas concentration data, the battery motherboard performs further data processing. This process includes data calibration, compensation, and unit conversion to ensure the accuracy of the gas concentration data. For example, the battery motherboard can convert the raw data of the sensor into standard gas concentration units (such as ppm or mg / m 3 ). After these processes, the data can be used by the display module. At the same time, the battery motherboard transmits the processed data to the MCGS configuration touch screen through a stable communication interface.

[0091] The MCGS configuration touch screen serves as a display and monitoring interface, receiving and displaying processed gas concentration data. The system can set thresholds. When the gas concentration exceeds the predetermined safety range, the touch screen will display a warning message or trigger the alarm system to prompt the operator to take timely measures. The displayed data includes not only real-time gas concentration, but also historical data analysis to help operators make more accurate fault diagnosis and decisions.

[0092] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas of a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0093] S1: The gas concentration data of a specific area is collected through the gas sensor, and the sensor daughter board performs preliminary processing on the data;

[0094] S2: Transmit the data collected by the sensor daughter board to the battery mother board through the Modbus protocol;

[0095] S3: The battery motherboard receives and further processes the gas concentration data transmitted by the sensor daughterboard, and transmits the processed data to the MCGS configuration touch screen for display;

[0096] S4: When the gas concentration data reaches the preset alarm threshold, the battery motherboard controls the alarm light to flash and emit a sound to remind the user to take corresponding measures;

[0097] S5: On the user operation interface of the detection device, the real-time gas concentration, historical data and alarm settings are viewed through the touch screen, and the alarm threshold and other setting parameters are adjusted according to the user operation;

[0098] S6: When the external power supply of the device is disconnected, it switches to the 18650 lithium battery pack to ensure that the device continues to operate without external power supply and continues to detect gas concentration;

[0099] S7: When the gas sensor is damaged or needs to be replaced, insert the new sensor into the universal socket on the device and configure a new unique communication address to join the Modbus communication network and work normally.

[0100] In step S1, the gas concentration data C collected by the gas sensor t The preliminary processing of includes smoothing the original signal, and its calculation formula is:

[0101] C' t =αC t-1 +(1-α)C t

[0102] Among them, C' t is the gas concentration after smoothing, C t is the gas concentration at the current moment, C t-1 is the gas concentration at the previous moment, α is the smoothing factor, and its value range is between 0 and 1.

[0103] In step S3, the processing of the gas concentration data by the battery motherboard includes calculating the change rate R of the characteristic gas, and the calculation formula is:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, C t is the gas concentration at the current moment, C t-1 is the gas concentration at the previous moment, and Δt is the time interval between two moments, which is used to detect the changing trend of gas concentration.

[0106] like Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device, which is 186.5 mm long, 70 mm wide (84.6 mm with a cover), and 248.2 mm high. The front view, top view, and internal circuit diagram are respectively shown in FIG. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device of the present invention realizes the real-time monitoring and alarming functions of gas concentration through the coordinated work of multiple components.

[0107] There is an MCGS configuration touch screen in the center of the front of the device. Users can perform all operations and controls through the touch screen. The touch screen is intuitively designed and easy to operate. Users can easily complete the functions of starting, stopping, parameter setting and data viewing of the equipment. The design of the touch screen is simple and intuitive, and the operation is convenient, ensuring that users can easily complete the equipment control. An alarm light and the main switch of the equipment are installed below the touch screen. When the gas concentration detected by the detection device reaches the preset alarm threshold, the alarm light will flash and emit a continuous sound to remind the user to take corresponding measures.

[0108] There are three gas sensors on the top of the detection device, and each sensor is connected to the Modbus communication network inside the device through a TTL to 485 chip. Due to the use of the Modbus protocol, the three sensor sockets are universal, and the sensors can be flexibly inserted into any socket as needed, which greatly simplifies the installation and replacement process of the sensors and improves the maintainability and flexibility of the equipment. After each sensor is configured with a unique communication address, it can work normally to ensure the stability and reliability of the system.

[0109] The hardware inside the device consists of two circuit boards: the sensor daughter board and the battery motherboard. The sensor daughter board is equipped with three gas sensors and their supporting circuit modules. The daughter board is mainly responsible for using the sensors to collect gas concentration data in real time and transmit it to the motherboard. The motherboard consists of a power module, a voltage conversion module and other peripheral connection terminals. The power module and the voltage conversion module provide stable power support for the entire system and manage the communication and functional integration between various components. The two circuit boards use the Modbus protocol for data transmission and control command interaction. Through the Modbus protocol, efficient data transmission and control command interaction are achieved between the sensor and the main system, ensuring the coordinated work of each module, thereby ensuring efficient communication between each sensor and the main system.

[0110] The device is equipped with a large-capacity 18650 lithium battery pack, which supports independent operation without an external power supply, ensuring that the device can work for a long time outdoors, in the wild, or in other environments where it is inconvenient to access a power source. The design of the battery pack ensures the high efficiency and stability of the device, and the device can work independently even in an environment where it is inconvenient to access a power source.

[0111] The device is operated by the user directly clicking the display screen with his finger. The screen is the operating module of the device and is responsible for controlling and monitoring the entire detection device. The screen is the operating module of the device and controls and monitors the entire detection system. The operation interface includes the gas concentration display interface, historical data interface and alarm setting interface. The design is simple and intuitive, which is convenient for users to monitor gas concentration in real time and manage historical data.

[0112] Through this design, the equipment can effectively realize real-time detection and management of dry-type transformer fault characteristic gases, provide a quick-response alarm function, and ensure environmental safety. Especially in the wild or other situations where it is inconvenient to access the power supply, the equipment can also work stably to meet the needs of various working environments.

[0113] The user interface of the device is divided into three parts: gas concentration display interface (main interface), historical data interface and alarm setting interface. These interfaces are intuitively designed to facilitate users to conduct real-time monitoring and data management. They are respectively Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown:

[0114] Gas concentration display interface (main interface)

[0115] It is divided into four parts: the upper left corner displays the real-time time, the upper right corner displays the device alarm information, the lower left corner displays the sensor gas concentration data read, and the lower right corner is the interface switching button with the other two interfaces.

[0116] The device has two types of alarms: the first is when the device cannot connect to the sensor, the alarm light will light up yellow, and the specific sensor that cannot be connected will be displayed in the alarm information, and the external alarm will not be triggered. The second is when the detected gas concentration is not within the allowable range within the set tolerance time, the alarm light will light up red, the alarm information will indicate which gas concentration is abnormal, and the external alarm will continue to alarm.

[0117] In the gas concentration display area, the detection device will automatically convert the read concentration data according to the sensor's measurement range, resolution and other parameters and then display it. It should be noted that when the device is initially powered on, the sensor will undergo a warm-up process, and the data sent by the sensor to the device at this time is not credible. Therefore, the device sets a 30-second warm-up time, during which the device will not actively read the sensor data, and a horizontal line will be displayed in the concentration display box to indicate that the data is unavailable. The effect diagram is as follows Figure 7 As shown:

[0118] Historical data interface

[0119] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, during the operation of the device, the device will periodically store the read data according to the save time set by the user in the alarm setting interface. The periodically stored data will be saved in the historical data table. You can view all historical data in detail by dragging the horizontal or vertical scroll bar. Among them, each historical data information includes the CO concentration, CH 2 O concentration, CO 2 concentration and the specific time when the corresponding concentration data was read (including year, month, day, hour, minute and second).

[0120] There are four buttons and a display box on the right side of the historical data interface: click the "Export Data" button to realize that when the corresponding U disk is inserted (after the device is opened from the side buckle, the U disk should be inserted into the corresponding interface on the back of the display screen, and the U disk version is preferably USB 2.0), the device will export all historical data to the U disk in the form of a .csv table and name it gas.csv. When the touch screen successfully exports historical data, the display box will display the message "Export Successful", otherwise it will display the message "Export Failed" or "U disk not inserted" to prompt the user; when the "Clear Data" button is clicked, the device will delete all historical information. When clicking this button, the user needs to confirm twice in the pop-up prompt box to prevent the user from touching it by mistake; when the user is in the historical data interface, the historical data will not be updated automatically. Only when the "Refresh" button is clicked, the device will update the historical data display box. The device will refresh once by default every time the user enters the historical data interface; when the "Back" button is clicked, it will return to the main interface.

[0121] Alarm setting interface

[0122] like Figure 7 As shown, in the alarm setting interface, the maximum and minimum concentrations of the three gases can be set; the interval time (save time) for periodic storage of gas concentrations can be set; and the tolerance time of the equipment after the gas concentration exceeds the limit can be set.

[0123] For the setting range of the save time and tolerance time, the device allows it to be set up to 1000s, and for the high and low concentration limits of the three gases, the range that the sensor itself can measure is defined as the limit value. In this way, users can deploy the device in a specific application environment, allowing the device to better adapt to a variety of environments and improve the applicability of the device.

[0124] The hardware design of the dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0125] (I) Circuit design scheme

[0126] This test box uses a customized circuit board, and a total of two circuit boards are designed to complete the function. Their schematic diagrams are as follows: Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown:

[0127] The main function of the daughter board is to provide an installation and data processing platform for three gas sensors (a carbon monoxide sensor, a formaldehyde sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor). The daughter board is equipped with sockets for the three sensors, a communication conversion chip corresponding to each sensor, and related filter capacitors to ensure that the sensor signals can be accurately collected and processed. Each socket is designed for a K-5S gas sensor, and the sensor can be directly plugged into the daughter board to ensure a reliable physical connection.

[0128] Since the original output signal of the K-5S sensor is TTL, this signal level is suitable for short-distance communication, but it is easily interfered in a more complex communication environment. 485 communication has stronger anti-interference ability and longer transmission distance, which is suitable for industrial environments with multiple devices connected. At the same time, since various peripherals on the motherboard communicate through the 485 protocol, in order to ensure the stability and consistency of system communication, a dedicated TTL to 485 communication conversion chip is equipped for each sensor on the daughterboard. This chip is used to convert the sensor's TTL signal into a more reliable 485 signal format, so that it can communicate through the 485 bus on the motherboard.

[0129] In addition, the daughterboard is equipped with necessary filter capacitors, which can effectively filter the noise in the sensor signal, further improve the stability of communication, and reduce the error in data transmission. Through this design, the signals output by all sensors complete the unified protocol conversion on the daughterboard and are connected to the 485 communication bus of the motherboard. This unified communication protocol simplifies the programming and data processing process of the entire system, ensures the reliability and consistency of the communication process, and improves the overall stability and work efficiency of the detection box.

[0130] The design of the motherboard is mainly composed of three core modules: power module, voltage conversion module and peripheral interface module. Each module is responsible for ensuring the normal operation of the various functions of the detection box, and cooperates with each other to achieve the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0131] In the power module, three DC005 sockets are configured on the motherboard, which are used for different power management functions. One of the sockets is specifically responsible for connecting the discharge end of the battery to the power supply circuit of the test box, while the other two sockets are associated with the charging of the battery. This design ensures the safety and reliability of the battery by independently isolating the charging and discharging paths of the battery. External battery charging is carried out through the DC005 socket in the lower right corner of the test box, and users can charge the device through a dedicated battery charger. In order to improve the stability of the power supply system, the motherboard is also equipped with large-capacity capacitors on all key power nodes to ensure that the circuit can maintain stable operation when the load fluctuates and prevent the power supply from dropping or voltage fluctuations from affecting the equipment.

[0132] The normal operation of the test box requires two different voltages, +24VDC and +5VDC. The battery provides +12VDC, so the voltage conversion module is responsible for converting the +12VDC output of the battery into other working voltages. The module uses two widely tested and efficient voltage regulators: URB2424ZP-6WR3 and K7805MT-500R4. URB2424ZP-6WR3 is responsible for converting +12VDC to +24VDC, while K7805MT-500R4 converts it to +5VDC. The output accuracy of these two voltage regulator modules is high, and the power and current handling capabilities fully meet the requirements of the test box, ensuring the reliability of the system power supply and long-term working performance.

[0133] The motherboard is connected to the four main peripherals, including the MCGS configuration touch screen located on the front of the box, the alarm, the main power switch, and the daughterboard connected to the gas sensor. Each peripheral (except the main switch) has two power lines and two 485 communication lines to ensure communication and power supply between devices. The alarm is controlled by the relay on the motherboard. When the configuration screen detects that the gas concentration exceeds the set alarm threshold, the relay is triggered, and the relay will start the alarm to sound and light alarms to alert the user. This design simplifies the implementation process of the alarm system and ensures that the alarm can respond quickly and operate effectively.

[0134] Through such a modular design, the motherboard not only realizes power management and voltage conversion, but also ensures efficient connection and communication of peripherals, making the operation of the entire detection box more stable, reliable and easy to maintain.

[0135] (II) Gas module selection

[0136] This test box is equipped with three K-5S modules, which are used to detect the concentration of carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and carbon dioxide. The K-5S electrochemical module is a high-performance, universal sensor that uses a two-electrode or three-electrode design and combines advanced electrochemical sensing technology with a high-performance microprocessor, enabling it to accurately measure the concentration of different types of gases.

[0137] This detection box is equipped with a carbon monoxide sensor, a formaldehyde sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor. This configuration enables the device to effectively and accurately monitor a variety of gas types to meet diverse application needs.

[0138] The K-5S sensor has two output modes: digital output and analog voltage output. Digital output provides high-precision data information, suitable for direct connection with modern control systems, and facilitates real-time data transmission and processing; while analog voltage output provides users with more intuitive signals, which is convenient for reading and debugging traditional instruments. This flexible output design greatly improves the user's operating convenience and shortens the product design and development cycle.

[0139] In addition, the K-5S sensor is a perfect combination of electrochemical sensors and circuit design, with extremely high reliability and sensitivity, and can quickly respond to changes in gas concentration. Its built-in microprocessor automatically corrects the output of the sensor by real-time monitoring of environmental parameters to ensure data accuracy and consistency. This makes the K-5S sensor not only suitable for industrial safety monitoring and laboratory research, but also widely used in environmental monitoring and public safety, etc., fully meeting users' needs for different gas detection occasions.

[0140] (III) Other module selection

[0141] 1. Configuration screen

[0142] The MCGS configuration screen used in the test box is TPC4013EI, a high-performance intelligent touch display module designed for industrial and environmental monitoring equipment. The configuration screen adopts advanced capacitive touch technology, with extremely high sensitivity and response speed, ensuring a stable and smooth operation experience for users under various environmental conditions.

[0143] TPC4013EI is equipped with a 4.3-inch high-definition display with a resolution of 480×272. This display has the characteristics of high brightness and high contrast, making the screen clearly visible in bright environments, allowing users to easily read monitoring data. At the same time, its wide viewing angle range also ensures the accuracy and consistency of colors when observed from multiple angles, avoiding color distortion and improving the visual experience.

[0144] Users can customize the touch screen interface design according to specific requirements and flexibly adjust the display content and layout. This high degree of customizability allows the test box to be optimized for specific applications, significantly improving the user's interactive experience. In order to facilitate connection and data exchange with other devices, the TPC4013EI can also support a variety of communication protocols, including RS232, RS485 and USB. In addition, the touch screen has a built-in high-performance processor that can quickly perform complex user operations and data processing. This efficient processing capability significantly reduces system latency and improves overall response speed, giving users a smoother experience when querying data and adjusting settings.

[0145] Based on these characteristics, TPC4013EI is regarded as the core control module of the entire detection box. In terms of durability, the TPC4013EI touch screen has excellent wear resistance and dust resistance, and is particularly suitable for use in harsh industrial environments. Its high and low temperature resistance ensures the stable operation of the equipment under different environmental conditions. Whether in a hot factory or in the cold outdoors, TPC4013EI can operate reliably.

[0146] With its excellent display performance, sensitive touch experience and good compatibility, the TPC4013EI touch screen has become an important part of the detection box. It not only provides users with intuitive monitoring data display and convenient operation interface, but also ensures the efficient use of the detection box in various application scenarios, greatly improving the user's work efficiency and safety.

[0147] 2. Voltage regulator module

[0148] In the detection box, the voltage regulator module is responsible for converting the +12VDC voltage output by the battery into two different voltages of +24VDC and +5VDC required by the system. This module uses two high-efficiency voltage regulators, URB2424ZP-6WR3 and K7805MT-500R4. URB2424ZP-6WR3 is a voltage regulator with excellent energy conversion efficiency. Its energy conversion efficiency can usually exceed 85%. This means that its energy loss is small during voltage conversion, which can help extend the service life of the detection box and reduce heat generation on the circuit board. At the same time, the voltage regulator supports a wide input voltage range from +10VDC to +30VDC, and within this voltage input range it can provide a stable +24VDC output, which enables it to work stably under a variety of power supply conditions, has good load and linear adjustment capabilities, increases the flexibility of application, and ensures that the connected equipment can obtain a stable voltage supply under different loads.

[0149] K7805MT-500R4 also has a high conversion efficiency, usually up to 90%, which effectively reduces energy loss and heat generation, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the overall system. The regulator supports an input voltage range from +6.5VDC to +36VDC. Within this voltage input range, it can provide a stable +5VDC output. At the same time, K7805MT-500R4 also adopts a compact package design, saving space for easy integration into various devices.

[0150] Through this efficient voltage conversion design, the detection box can ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply under various working conditions, providing users with continuous monitoring functions.

[0151] 3.TTL to 485 chip

[0152] According to the above content, the K-5S sensor provides two output modes: digital output and analog voltage output. This test box uses the digital output function, which uses the TTL communication protocol. Since the configuration screen is connected to the motherboard via 485 communication, in order to ensure the consistency of the communication protocol of the entire test box and effectively read the sensor data, we chose to convert the TTL signal output by the sensor into a 485 signal. This solution effectively solves the problem of inconsistent communication protocols.

[0153] In order to realize the conversion from TTL signal to 485 signal, the MAX13487EESA+T communication protocol conversion chip was selected. TTL signal needs to switch pins when sending and receiving data, while 485 signal has no such requirement. MAX13487EESA+T can automatically detect the sending and receiving direction of data, simplify the circuit design, and eliminate the need to manually switch the pin direction, thereby improving the reliability and simplicity of the system. At the same time, the chip supports a data transmission rate of up to 500kbps, ensuring good performance in application scenarios of fast data exchange, and is suitable for environmental monitoring with high real-time requirements.

[0154] URB2424ZP-6WR3, MAX13487EESA+T, and K7805MT-500R4 all feature overvoltage and overcurrent protection, which enhances system safety and prevents equipment damage due to abnormal conditions.

[0155] (IV) Development environment and PCB design

[0156] The hardware development environment of this test box is Jialichuang EDA, which provides direct links with PCB manufacturing and component procurement. Using a one-stop platform like Jialichuang can simplify the PCB design process, reduce costs, and quickly turn the design into production after completion, speeding up the project progress. At the same time, it avoids the complexity and high cost of using traditional electronic design software such as Altium Designer. It is very suitable for small and medium-sized project developers and rapid prototyping needs.

[0157] The PCB diagram of the sub-board in the two circuit boards of the test box is as follows: Fig.12 shown.

[0158] The design of the daughterboard PCB is mainly to place each sensor adjacent to its corresponding communication conversion chip and filter capacitor, so as to maximize the effect of the filter capacitor and reduce interference information in signal transmission. The base of each sensor and three filter capacitors are arranged on the front of the daughterboard, and on the back of the daughterboard, the communication conversion chip is placed directly at the bottom of each sensor to shorten the signal transmission distance, thereby further reducing the risk of interference to the device. In addition, the connection terminals connected to the motherboard are arranged on the back of the daughterboard to ensure efficient communication and stable connection between the daughterboard and the motherboard.

[0159] The PCB diagram of the motherboard is as follows Fig.13 shown.

[0160] The design of the motherboard is intended to simplify the external wiring of the circuit board. For example, the rectangular area directly above the motherboard is where the daughterboard is placed, so the terminals on the motherboard that connect to the daughterboard are arranged closest to the wiring terminals on the daughterboard. Similarly, the connection terminals of peripherals such as power supplies, configuration screens, and alarms are also placed close to their respective devices for easy wiring. On the right side of the motherboard is the battery module, which is equipped with two DC plugs. After inserting the two plugs into the DC socket marked "power" or "charging interface", the battery can be charged and discharged normally, and the device can also operate normally.

[0161] At the same time, the device is also equipped with a 22uF tantalum capacitor for each working voltage that appears in the device to prevent all kinds of noise from interfering with the circuit.

[0162] Through such a circuit design scheme, the circuit connection of the entire device is very simple and reliable, further improving the stability of the device.

[0163] The software design is as follows:

[0164] (I) Introduction to the development environment

[0165] The software development program used in this detection device is the configuration design software supporting the touch screen: McgsPro configuration software.

[0166] MCGSPRO configuration software is a programming tool developed specifically for touch screens and human-machine interfaces, and is widely used in industrial control and automation design. This software has a friendly graphical interface and supports the configuration of multiple control objects. Users can easily configure various controls by dragging and dropping, and quickly implement functions; at the same time, this configuration software is compatible with multiple industrial control protocols, such as the Modbus protocol used by detection devices and other TCP / IP, RS232, etc., to ensure connection and data interaction with different devices; in addition, the software also supports custom script programming, and users can write complex logic processing and data analysis methods to improve the flexibility and functional extensibility of the program.

[0167] (II) Programming

[0168] This product has three interfaces designed for users to operate, namely the gas concentration display interface (main interface), the historical data interface and the alarm setting interface. By switching back and forth between these three interfaces, the functions of the device can be realized. Next, we will take the main interface as the basis and gradually introduce the design process of the entire program.

[0169] For the main interface, in the configuration program, the main interface is as follows Fig.14 As shown:

[0170] There is a clock module embedded in the configuration screen, and the real-time time can be displayed by directly reading its register value.

[0171] For the data reading function of the sensor, the device management function of the configuration software is required. This function enables the configuration screen to communicate with peripherals connected using multiple communication protocols (TCP, 485, 233), and associate the registers of the peripherals with the data variables defined by the configuration screen, so that the read and write functions of the peripheral registers can be realized. By reading the internal registers of the sensor in this way, the gas concentration information detected by the sensor can be obtained. Most of the functions of the device are implemented by scripts, and this feature is particularly prominent in the implementation of alarms. The configuration screen can mainly configure two types of scripts. The first is that the script can be embedded in some controls, and this script will be called when the control is used; the other is the strategy. The configuration screen can configure three types of strategies, namely the startup strategy, the loop strategy and the exit strategy. As the name implies, the startup strategy and the exit strategy are called when the touch screen is turned on or off, and the loop strategy is a periodic detection trigger condition. If the condition is met, the script will be called.

[0172] The device uses two different cycle strategies, one is a low-frequency strategy with a cycle of 1s, and the other is a high-frequency strategy with a cycle of 0.1s. The high-frequency strategy is named as a background task. In the high-frequency strategy, the main configured script is the alarm detection script. Here, the gas concentration abnormal alarm process is used as an example. When the alarm condition is met, the system will set the alarm countdown of the corresponding gas to the tolerance time set by the user, and set the corresponding alarm flag. At this time, when the low-frequency strategy detects that the alarm countdown of a certain gas is not zero and there is an alarm flag, it will reduce the alarm countdown by one per second in real time until the alarm countdown is zero. If the alarm flag still exists at this time, the device will implement the alarm operation. Through such high-frequency and low-frequency linkage operations, the alarm response can be more sensitive and the device more reliable.

[0173] The implementation of other functions is also implemented in a similar way, and the configuration screen also configures a power-off save function for all input boxes and historical data in the alarm setting interface. Even if the device is restarted, the alarm settings and historical data will not be lost.

[0174] (III) Communication format

[0175] For all Modbus interfaces used in the program, their configurations are shown in Table 1:

[0176] Table 1

[0177] Baud rate 9600 Data bits 8 Stop bits 1 Check digit none Collection cycle 0.9s

[0178] For all peripherals, their 485 addresses are shown in Table 2:

[0179] Table 2

[0180] Device Name Device Address Relay (external alarm) 02 CO Sensor 03 <![CDATA[CH 2 O Sensor]]> 04 <![CDATA[CO 2 Sensors]]> 05

[0181] The protocol addresses of relays and K-5S sensors and the function codes they use are shown in Table 3:

[0182] Table 3

[0183]

[0184] If you want to configure the sensor address of the K-5S sensor, change it in the following way:

[0185] Table 4

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] Example 1: Fault detection of dry-type transformers in power distribution rooms

[0189] Dry-type transformers in power distribution rooms may fail during long-term operation, and fault characteristic gases (such as carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide) can indicate abnormal conditions of the equipment. Therefore, real-time detection of these gas concentrations can help detect faults in advance and reduce the risk of equipment damage.

[0190] 1. Equipment installation: Install the dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device near the dry-type transformer in the power distribution room to ensure that the gas sensor can effectively collect gas concentration data in the surrounding air.

[0191] 2. Data collection: After the device is started, the three gas sensors on the sensor sub-board collect the concentration information of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and other gases in the air in real time.

[0192] 3. Data processing and display: The sensor daughter board transmits the collected data to the battery motherboard, which further processes the data and transmits the real-time data to the touch screen for display.

[0193] 4. Alarm response: When the detected gas concentration reaches the preset alarm threshold, the alarm light below the touch screen will light up and a sound will be emitted to remind the operator to check the equipment.

[0194] 5. Recording and management: Operators can view historical data, real-time gas concentration, and adjust alarm settings through the touch screen to improve the timeliness and accuracy of maintenance.

[0195] Through real-time monitoring of the operating environment of dry-type transformers, gas anomalies can be discovered and alarmed in a timely manner, improving the safety and reliability of equipment operation in the distribution room.

[0196] Example 2: Used for industrial boiler room environmental monitoring

[0197] In industrial boiler rooms, gas leakage and incomplete combustion can produce toxic gases (such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides), which can threaten the safety of equipment and personnel if not detected in time. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor gas in boiler rooms and promptly warn of excessive concentrations of dangerous gases.

[0198] Specific operation process:

[0199] 1. Equipment layout: Install the dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device around the boiler equipment in the boiler room to ensure that the gas sensor can collect key gas components in the nearby air.

[0200] 2. Real-time monitoring: After the equipment is powered on, the gas sensor on the sensor daughter board begins to collect the concentration of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the boiler room, and transmits the data to the battery motherboard through the Modbus protocol.

[0201] 3. Data transmission and display: After receiving the data from the sensor, the motherboard processes it and transmits the data to the MCGS touch screen to display the gas concentration information of the boiler room in real time.

[0202] 4. Abnormal alarm: When the gas concentration exceeds the set threshold, the system automatically starts the alarm light and sound alarm to prompt the boiler room operator to take emergency measures.

[0203] 5. Maintenance and management: Operators can set alarm thresholds and view historical gas concentration data through the touch screen interface to track changes in gas concentration, arrange regular maintenance, and ensure safe operation of the boiler room.

[0204] The implementation of this equipment effectively monitors the concentration of toxic gases in the boiler room and promptly issues an alarm in case of abnormalities, thus avoiding safety accidents caused by equipment failure or human error and ensuring the safety of the operating environment.

[0205] After the device is turned on in the atmospheric environment for a period of time, some of the exported data are shown in Table 5:

[0206] Table 5

[0207]

[0208] It was observed that the historical data was stored according to the set storage time (1s), and the gas concentration measurement data was accurate. It can be considered that the detection device can complete the gas concentration detection and data storage functions. After that, the alarm function and power-off protection function of the equipment were tested, and the corresponding functions can meet the requirements. It can be considered that the detection box can be put into normal production use.

[0209] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware part can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software part can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. It can be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer executable instructions and / or contained in a processor control code, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. Such code is provided on the carrier medium. The device and its modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, and can also be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0210] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry transformer fault characteristic gas detection device, characterized in that: The device includes a sensor module, a power supply module, and a central control module; The sensor module includes a gas sensor and its supporting circuit module, which is used to collect gas concentration data in real time using the gas sensor and transmit it to the central control module; the power supply module is composed of a power supply module, a voltage conversion module and a peripheral module, which is used to provide stable power support for the entire system and manage the communication and function integration between various components; The power module includes capacitors, voltage regulators and switches for managing power distribution and providing stable power to various components in the system; The voltage conversion module includes a voltage regulation IC and an adjustable voltage control mechanism to convert the external input voltage into a voltage suitable for use by each module within the system; The peripheral module includes a port connected to a sensor or an external device, and is used for connection and communication between the system and the external device; The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device further comprises: The sensor base module provides a connection platform for the sensors in the system, including multiple RX and TX ports for serial communication and data transmission. Through the sensor base module, the sensor can transmit data to the system through the serial communication interface. The RX port is used to receive data and the TX port is used to send data. Communication interface module, including communication chip and its related circuits, data transmission between various parts of the system, including data exchange between sensors and central controller; Battery modules, including batteries, charging ports and related components, ensure seamless system operation in mobile conditions and enable the device to operate independently without external power sources; The PCB layout of the dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device shows the connection between the sensor module, the communication interface module and the power module on the top layer, and the connection and configuration of the power system and the sensor interface on the bottom layer.

2. The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device contains two circuit boards, a sensor sub-board and a battery motherboard. The sensor module is connected to the battery module via the Modbus protocol. The sensor module is used to collect gas concentration data and transmit the data to the battery motherboard via the Modbus protocol, while the battery module is used to provide power support for the device and manage communication functions.

3. The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device is equipped with three gas sensors on top. Each sensor is connected to the Modbus communication network inside the device through a TTL to 485 chip. The sockets of the three sensors are universally designed. After the sensor is configured with a unique communication address, it can be inserted into any socket to achieve normal data collection and transmission.

4. The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A MCGS configuration touch screen is installed in the center of the front of the device. The touch screen is connected to the external connection terminal of the battery motherboard inside the equipment. It is used to display gas concentration data, historical data and alarm setting interface, and supports users to realize all operation controls through the touch screen.

5. The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The user operation interface of the device is divided into three parts: a gas concentration display interface, a historical data interface and an alarm setting interface, and the user performs all operation controls through the touch screen.

6. The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An alarm light and a main switch of the device are installed below the touch screen. The alarm light is connected to the control end of the battery module. When the gas concentration detected by the detection device reaches the preset alarm threshold, the alarm light will flash and emit a continuous sound to remind the user to take corresponding measures.

7. The dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device is equipped with a large-capacity 18650 lithium battery pack, which is mounted on a battery motherboard and connected to a power module via a voltage conversion module, supporting independent operation without an external power supply.

8. A method for detecting dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas of the dry-type transformer fault characteristic gas detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The gas concentration data of a specific area is collected through the gas sensor, and the sensor daughter board performs preliminary processing on the data; S2: Transmit the data collected by the sensor daughter board to the battery mother board through the Modbus protocol; S3: The battery motherboard receives and further processes the gas concentration data transmitted by the sensor daughterboard, and transmits the processed data to the MCGS configuration touch screen for display; S4: When the gas concentration data reaches the preset alarm threshold, the battery motherboard controls the alarm light to flash and emit a sound to remind the user to take corresponding measures; S5: On the user operation interface of the detection device, the real-time gas concentration, historical data and alarm settings are viewed through the touch screen, and the alarm threshold and other setting parameters are adjusted according to the user operation; S6: When the external power supply of the device is disconnected, it switches to the 18650 lithium battery pack to ensure that the device continues to operate without external power supply and continues to detect gas concentration; S7: When the gas sensor is damaged or needs to be replaced, insert the new sensor into the universal socket on the device and configure a new unique communication address to join the Modbus communication network and work normally.

9. The method for detecting variable fault characteristic gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the gas concentration data collected by the gas sensor C t The preliminary processing of includes smoothing the original signal, and its calculation formula is: in, is the gas concentration after smoothing, C t is the gas concentration at the current moment, C t-1 The gas concentration at the previous moment is the smoothing factor, and its value range is between 0 and 1.

10. The method for detecting variable fault characteristic gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the processing of the gas concentration data by the battery motherboard includes calculating the change rate R of the characteristic gas, and the calculation formula is: in, C t is the gas concentration at the current moment, C t-1 is the gas concentration at the previous moment, Δ t It is the time interval between two moments and is used to detect the changing trend of gas concentration.

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