Miniature intelligent automatic meteorological station and meteorological observation system applied to complex terrain environment

Abstract

A miniature intelligent automatic meteorological station and a meteorological observation system applied to a complex terrain environment relate to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and the miniature intelligent automatic meteorological station comprises a base, a power supply assembly, a sensor and an integrated circuit board which are connected into an integrated structure, the base comprises a mounting structure, a connecting structure and an interface for transmitting data and / or supplying power; the power supply assembly comprises a first shell internally provided with a battery bin and a battery arranged in the battery bin, and the bottom of the first shell is connected with the base through a connecting structure. The battery supplies power to the integrated circuit board and a sensor in the sensor assembly; the sensor assembly comprises a second shell and a plurality of sensors arranged in the second shell, and the bottom of the second shell is connected with the top of the first shell; the plurality of sensors comprise multi-element sensors which are integrated into a whole; the integrated circuit board is located in the second shell, fixed to the outer side of the top of the first shell, connected with the sensors and used for interacting with the sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This article relates to the field of meteorological monitoring technology, especially to a micro intelligent automatic weather station and meteorological observation system applied to complex terrain environments. Background Art

[0002] An automatic weather station refers to an observation device that can automatically collect and transmit data on a variety of meteorological elements. It is an important means of observation for ground-based meteorological observations and is of great significance for weather and climate monitoring, weather forecasting, and climate prediction.

[0003] At present, automatic weather stations usually include meteorological element sensors, data collectors, power supply systems, radiation-proof ventilation hoods, all-weather protection boxes, meteorological observation brackets, communication modules and other parts. Some automatic weather stations have low equipment integration, and various meteorological element sensors are independent devices; another type of automatic weather station has a relatively high degree of integration, with some sensors integrated into one, but the sensor and communication host still use a split structure, and the automatic weather station in some scenarios also requires an independent external photovoltaic controller. It can be seen that the current automatic weather stations have defects such as complex structure and large equipment size, which makes transportation inconvenient and installation difficult. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a micro intelligent automatic weather station and a weather observation system for use in complex terrain environments.

[0005] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a miniature intelligent automatic weather station for use in a complex terrain environment, comprising a base, a power supply component, a sensor and an integrated circuit board connected as an integrated structure, wherein the base comprises a mounting structure for fixing the miniature intelligent automatic weather station, a connecting structure for connecting the power supply component and an interface for transmitting data and / or power supply; the power supply component comprises a first shell having a battery compartment formed therein and a battery disposed in the battery compartment, and the bottom of the first shell is connected to the base through a connecting structure; the battery is used to supply power to the integrated circuit board and the sensors in the sensor assembly; the sensor assembly comprises a second shell with an opening at the bottom and a plurality of sensors disposed inside the second shell, and the bottom of the second shell is connected to the top of the first shell; the plurality of sensors comprise a multi-factor sensor integrated into one; the integrated circuit board is located in the second shell, fixed to the outside of the top of the first shell, and connected to the plurality of sensors for interacting with the plurality of sensors.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for observing meteorological information in a target area, wherein the meteorological observation system includes a base station, a server, and the micro-intelligent automatic weather station applied to a complex terrain environment in the above-mentioned embodiment, wherein the target area includes multiple sub-areas, each sub-area is provided with at least one base station and multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations, and multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations located in the same sub-area are communicatively connected to the base station in the sub-area; the base station is communicatively connected to the server so as to transmit the observation data collected by the multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations in the corresponding sub-area to the server, and receive instructions and / or data sent by the server; the server is configured to: receive observation data sent by the base station; send instructions and / or data to the base station; and process the observation data based on a preset algorithm.

[0007] The micro intelligent automatic weather station for use in complex terrain environments in the embodiments of the present application includes a base, a power supply assembly, a sensor assembly and an integrated circuit board. The power supply assembly includes a battery compartment formed by a first shell and a battery disposed in the battery compartment. The sensor assembly includes an integrated multi-factor sensor that can automatically collect a variety of meteorological information. The base, the power supply assembly, the sensor assembly and the integrated circuit board are connected as an integrated structure, which not only simplifies the structure of the automatic weather station and reduces the size of the automatic weather station, but also reduces power consumption, making the micro intelligent automatic weather station easy to carry and install, and suitable for a variety of environments.

[0008] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the schemes described in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a micro intelligent automatic weather station applied to a complex terrain environment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of various components in one embodiment of a micro intelligent automatic weather station applied to a complex terrain environment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated circuit board in one embodiment of a micro intelligent automatic weather station for use in a complex terrain environment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the architecture of an embodiment of a meteorological observation system of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the architecture of another embodiment of the meteorological observation system of the present application; Reference numerals: 110 - base; 111 - mounting structure; 112 - connection structure; 113 - interface 120 - power supply component; 121 - first shell; 122 - battery; 130 - sensor component; 131 - ventilation structure; 132 - multiple other meteorological element sensors 132; 133 - probe; 140 optical rain gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present application describes multiple embodiments, but the description is exemplary rather than restrictive, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that there may be more embodiments and implementations within the scope of the embodiments described in the present application. Although many possible feature combinations are shown in the drawings and discussed in the specific embodiments, many other combinations of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically limited, any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with any other feature or element in any other embodiment, or may replace any other feature or element in any other embodiment.

[0012] The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements disclosed in the present application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique invention scheme. Any features or elements of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other invention schemes to form another unique invention scheme. Therefore, it should be understood that any feature shown and / or discussed in the present application may be implemented individually or in any appropriate combination. Therefore, except for the limitations made according to the attached claims and their equivalents, the embodiments are not subject to other restrictions. In addition, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of protection of the attached claims.

[0013] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0014] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0015] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0016] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0017] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of a micro intelligent automatic weather station applied to a complex terrain environment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, a micro intelligent automatic weather station for use in a complex terrain environment (hereinafter referred to as a micro intelligent automatic weather station) includes a base 110, a power supply component 120, a sensor component 130 and an integrated circuit board (not shown in the figure) connected as an integral structure, wherein the base 110 includes a mounting structure 111 for fixing the micro intelligent automatic weather station, a connecting structure 112 for connecting the power supply component 120, and an interface 113 for transmitting data and / or supplying power; the power supply component 120 includes a first shell 121 with a battery compartment formed therein and a battery ( Figure 1), the bottom of the first shell is connected to the base 110 through the connecting structure 112; the battery is used to supply power to the integrated circuit board and the sensors in the sensor assembly 130; the sensor assembly 130 includes a second shell with an opening at the bottom and a plurality of sensors arranged inside the second shell, and the bottom of the second shell is connected to the top of the first shell 121; the plurality of sensors include a multi-element sensor integrated into one; the integrated circuit board is located in the second shell, fixed to the outside of the top of the first shell 121, and connected to the plurality of sensors for interacting with the plurality of sensors.

[0019] In this embodiment, a mounting structure 111 is provided on one side of the base 110, and a connecting structure 112 is provided on the other side. The interface 113 can penetrate the mounting structure 111 and the connecting structure 112, and the wiring terminal of the interface 113 faces one side of the connecting structure 112 to connect with the sensor and / or the integrated circuit board, and the other end of the interface 113 faces one side of the mounting structure 111 to facilitate the cable docking of the external device. The micro intelligent automatic weather station can be fixed on other equipment (such as a base, a protective box, etc.) through the mounting structure 111. When the micro intelligent automatic weather station is in the installation state, the power supply component 120 is fixed on the base 110 through the bottom of the first shell 121, and the sensor component 130 is located above the power supply component 120, and is fixedly connected to the top of the first shell 121 through the bottom of the second shell. The integrated circuit board is located inside the second shell and fixed to the top outer side of the first shell 121. In this way, the overall structure of the micro intelligent automatic weather station is an integrated structure. Furthermore, the battery is placed in the battery compartment to supply power to the various sensors and integrated circuit boards in the sensor assembly 130. Compared with an external photovoltaic controller, the structure is more compact and the degree of integration is higher.

[0020] The multiple sensors in the sensor assembly 130 are integrated into one, and can collect observation data of multiple meteorological elements at the same time. For example, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air pressure sensor can be integrated together to collect temperature information, humidity information and air pressure information in the working area. In addition, the multiple sensors integrated into one can adopt a centralized power supply method. Compared with the power supply of multiple sensors separately, the centralized power supply has lower energy consumption, which helps to improve the endurance of the micro intelligent automatic weather station. Even in a cloudy and low-light environment, the micro intelligent automatic weather station can continue to work for a long time.

[0021] A wiring structure may be provided inside the first shell 121 and the second shell, for example, a hollow columnar structure, so that the circuit board is connected to the battery and each sensor in the sensor assembly 130 .

[0022] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the base 110 is also provided with an external power supply interface, which is configured to connect to an external power supply so as to power the sensor and the integrated circuit board in the sensor assembly.

[0023] For example, the external power supply can be a DC power supply, an AC power interface or a photovoltaic power supply. The external power interface can convert the output of the external power supply into a voltage that matches the sensor and the integrated circuit board so as to power the sensor and the integrated circuit board in the sensor assembly. In this way, the micro intelligent automatic weather station can flexibly use a variety of power supply methods.

[0024] In this embodiment, the micro intelligent automatic weather station includes a base, a power supply component, a sensor component and an integrated circuit board. The power supply component includes a battery compartment formed by a first shell and a battery arranged in the battery compartment. The sensor component includes an integrated multi-factor sensor that can automatically collect a variety of meteorological information. The base, the power supply component, the sensor component and the integrated circuit board are connected as an integrated structure, which not only simplifies the structure of the automatic weather station, reduces the size of the automatic weather station, but also reduces power consumption, making the micro intelligent automatic weather station easy to carry and install, and suitable for a variety of environments.

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of a micro intelligent automatic weather station applied to a complex terrain environment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the power supply component 120 of the micro intelligent automatic weather station may include a first shell 121 and a battery 122 located inside the first shell 121; the sensor component 130 may include a second shell, a plurality of other meteorological element sensors 132 and a wind speed sensor ( Figure 2 Not shown), wind sensor ( Figure 2 The second shell includes a ventilation structure 131, a wind speed sensor and a wind force sensor are fixed inside the ventilation structure 131, the bottom of the ventilation structure 131 is connected to the top of the first shell 121, and the top of the ventilation structure 131 is connected to multiple other meteorological element sensors 132.

[0026] As an example, other meteorological element sensors may include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an air pressure sensor to collect corresponding types of meteorological information.

[0027] As an example, the ventilation structure 131 may include a plurality of stacked conical cylindrical structures to form a louver-like structure, and the airflow may enter the ventilation structure 131 through the air inlet between two adjacent conical cylindrical structures so that the wind speed sensor and wind force sensor inside the ventilation structure 131 may detect the wind speed and wind force of the airflow.

[0028] In this embodiment, the wind speed sensor and the wind force sensor can be integrated into the sensor assembly, and a corresponding ventilation structure can be set in the second shell, which not only simplifies the structure of the micro intelligent automatic weather station, but also can collect wind speed, wind force and other meteorological information, thereby improving the performance of the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

[0029] Next reference Figure 2 In some optional implementations of the present embodiment, the micro intelligent automatic weather station also includes an optical rain gauge 140 connected to the integrated circuit board, and the optical rain gauge 140 is connected to the top surface of the second shell through a plurality of columnar structures, so that an open space is formed between the optical rain gauge and the second shell; the probes 133 of a plurality of other meteorological element sensors extend upward to the open space.

[0030] When the micro intelligent automatic weather station is in working state, the optical rain gauge 140 is located at the top of the micro intelligent automatic weather station to collect rainfall information in the working area. Below the optical rain gauge 140 are multiple integrated sensors, among which the wind force sensor and the wind speed sensor are located in the ventilation structure 131, and multiple other meteorological element sensors 132 are located above the ventilation structure 131, and the probes 133 of the multiple other meteorological element sensors 132 extend upward to the open space formed between the optical rain gauge 140 and the second shell to collect corresponding meteorological information.

[0031] In this embodiment, the micro intelligent automatic weather station can collect rainfall information in the working area through an optical rain gauge, and collect information on wind force, wind speed and other meteorological elements in the working area through multiple sensors. While ensuring the compact structure of the micro intelligent automatic weather station, the types of information collected by the micro intelligent automatic weather station can be enriched.

[0032] In practice, low mobile signal coverage and poor signals in some areas result in poor mobile communication quality, which greatly limits the site selection of automatic weather stations in these areas and makes it impossible to build an observation network of a certain scale and high density.

[0033] In order to solve the limitation of mobile communication on automatic weather stations, Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the integrated circuit board includes a processor 310 and a communication module 320, the communication module 320 includes multiple wireless communication modules, so that the processor 310 interacts with other devices through multiple wireless communication methods, the multiple wireless communication modules include a mobile communication module and at least one of the following: a long-distance radio communication module, a satellite communication module; the processor 310 is configured to: preferentially interact with other devices through the mobile communication module; when the communication quality of the mobile communication module does not meet the preset conditions, interact with other devices through the long-distance wireless communication module or the satellite communication module.

[0034] As an example, the mobile communication module may include a 4G and / or 5G communication module; the long-range radio communication module may include a LORA (Long Range radio) dual-mode communication module, so that the micro intelligent automatic weather station can interact with other devices (such as base stations or other micro intelligent automatic weather stations) using low-power wireless communication methods. The interaction method may include, for example, networking, data transmission, instruction transmission, etc. The processor 310 may dynamically switch between various wireless communication modules as required.

[0035] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the integrated circuit may further include a wired communication module for performing wired communication with other devices through an interface on the base. For scenarios with shorter communication distances, wired communication can improve the speed and reliability of data interaction.

[0036] The preset conditions in this embodiment may characterize the communication quality of mobile communication, such as the strength of mobile signals, the reception success rate, etc. The processor 310 may preferentially select the mobile communication mode to interact with other devices, and when the communication quality of mobile communication does not meet the preset conditions, it indicates that the communication quality of mobile communication is poor, and at this time, the processor 310 may interact with other devices through a long-distance wireless communication module or a satellite communication module to ensure that the micro intelligent automatic weather station can timely report the collected observation data or receive instructions.

[0037] In this embodiment, the micro intelligent automatic weather station can interact with other devices through a variety of communication methods, can meet the data transmission needs of various scenarios, and can be used in areas with poor mobile signals, which helps to improve the reliability of communication of the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

[0038] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the processor can interact with other devices in the following ways: use a long-distance wireless communication module to form a network with other devices, and realize remote transmission of data through devices with long-distance communication functions in other devices.

[0039] As an example, when the quality of mobile communication is poor, the micro-intelligent automatic weather station can use the processor to adopt long-distance wireless communication to network with other devices (such as base stations and other micro-intelligent automatic weather stations), and then transmit the collected observation data to other devices with long-distance communication functions (such as micro-intelligent automatic weather stations or base stations located in areas with high mobile signal coverage), and then the device will remotely transmit the observation data to a server or other remote receiving terminal.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the quality of mobile communication is poor, the micro intelligent automatic weather station can be networked with other devices through long-distance radio communication, and remote transmission of data can be achieved through devices with long-distance communication functions, which can ensure that the micro intelligent automatic weather station reports the collected observation data in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the timeliness of the observation data.

[0041] Continue to refer Figure 3 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the integrated circuit board may further include a memory 330 in which a sensor processing program is loaded. The processor 310 controls the multiple sensors and processes the data collected by the multiple sensors based on the sensor processing program.

[0042] As an example, the processor 310 may turn on or off the sensor based on the sensor processing program, and may also monitor the sensor for abnormal status.

[0043] In this embodiment, the processor 310 can process the data collected by the sensor according to the sensor processing program in the memory 330, so that the micro intelligent automatic weather station can process the observation data locally, thereby improving the intelligence level of the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

[0044] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the memory 330 may also store other programs so that the processor 310 can implement corresponding functions, such as breakpoint resume and other functions, thereby further improving the intelligence level of the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

[0045] In the related art, after the program or algorithm for processing the sensor is implanted into the automatic weather station, it cannot be modified and updated through remote operation and can only be achieved through on-site operation, which is not convenient for the software maintenance of the automatic weather station.

[0046] To address this phenomenon, in some other optional implementations of this embodiment, the processor 310 is also configured to: receive cloud instructions through the communication module, and execute at least one of the following according to the received instructions: update the program in the memory 330; control the observation mode of any one or more of the multiple sensors; update the parameters of any one or more of the multiple sensors.

[0047] In this embodiment, in addition to the basic computing functions, the processor 310 also needs to have certain task processing capabilities, and a processor with higher performance can be selected, such as a 4-core 64-bit ARM processor or other processors with better performance. Under the premise of meeting the performance requirements, a processor with low power consumption and small size is preferred to take into account the structure and size of the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

[0048] In this embodiment, in addition to controlling sensors and processing sensor data, the processor 310 can also receive remote instructions and execute corresponding functions according to cloud instructions, so as to realize remote operation of the micro intelligent automatic weather station, thereby improving the intelligence level of the micro intelligent automatic weather station and making it more convenient to maintain the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

[0049] In some embodiments, the micro intelligent automatic weather station also includes a positioning component for determining the location of the micro intelligent automatic weather station and reporting the location information of the micro intelligent automatic weather station through an integrated circuit board.

[0050] As an example, the positioning component may be a GPS component (Global Positioning System) or a Beidou positioning component, and the positioning component may be provided on an integrated circuit board or may be provided separately. The integrated circuit may be provided with a location monitoring component for receiving location information generated by the positioning component and reporting it to a designated device (e.g., a server).

[0051] Usually, the management device (such as a server) of the micro intelligent automatic weather station can establish an electronic fence according to the installation location of the micro intelligent automatic weather station. When the location information reported by the micro intelligent automatic weather station exceeds the electronic fence, an alarm message can be generated for timely response. The safety of the micro intelligent automatic weather station can be improved.

[0052] The present application also provides a meteorological observation system for observing meteorological information in a target area, such as Figure 4 As shown, the meteorological observation system includes a base station 410, a server 420 and a micro-intelligent automatic weather station 430 applied to a complex terrain environment in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein the target area includes multiple sub-areas, each sub-area is provided with at least one base station 410 and multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations 430, and multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations 430 located in the same sub-area are communicatively connected with the base station 410 in the sub-area; the base station 410 is communicatively connected with the server 420 so as to transmit the observation data collected by the multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations 430 in the corresponding sub-area to the server 420, and to receive instructions and / or data sent by the server 420; the server 420 is configured to: receive the observation data sent by the base station 410; send instructions and / or data to the base station 410; and process the observation data based on a preset algorithm.

[0053] In this embodiment, the site selection of the micro intelligent automatic weather station 430 and the base station 410 can be determined according to the environment of the target area. For example, the radius of each sub-area in an open environment can be about 5 kilometers, and the radius of each sub-area in an urban and rural environment can be about 2 to 3 kilometers. One or more base stations 410 can be set in each sub-area, and each base station 410 can cover a micro intelligent automatic weather station 430 with a radius of 2 to 5 kilometers. The coverage areas between the base stations 410 can overlap and be separated according to frequency planning. Low-power non-line-of-sight networking can be used between the base station 410 in each sub-area and multiple micro intelligent automatic weather stations 430.

[0054] In this embodiment, thanks to the advantages of the micro intelligent automatic weather station such as compact structure, easy installation, low power consumption, high performance and strong environmental adaptability, base stations and high-density micro intelligent automatic weather stations can be flexibly arranged in the target area, and networking between multiple devices can be more conveniently realized, which helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of meteorological observations.

[0055] Continue to refer Figure 4 In some embodiments, a backup base station 440 is also provided in each sub-area. When the communication function of the base station 410 fails, the backup base station 440 is used to replace the base station 410 for communication.

[0056] As an example, when the communication module of a base station 410 fails, each micro-intelligent automatic weather station 430 in the sub-area where the base station 410 is located can be automatically connected to the backup base station 440, and the backup base station 440 will replace the base station 410 to perform the corresponding communication functions, such as receiving observation data from each micro-intelligent automatic weather station 430 in the sub-area, transmitting the observation data to the server 420, receiving instructions sent by the server 420, and forwarding the instructions sent by the server 420 to the corresponding micro-intelligent automatic weather station 430.

[0057] In this embodiment, by setting a backup base station, normal communication of each device in the sub-area can be guaranteed when a base station fails, thereby improving the communication reliability of the meteorological observation system.

[0058] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the architecture of an embodiment of the meteorological observation system of the present application is shown. Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the server 510 includes a cloud server 511 , and the cloud server 511 is provided with a meteorological service platform 520 for receiving observation data sent by a base station 530 .

[0059] In this embodiment, the base station 530 can directly transmit the observation data collected by the micro intelligent automatic weather station to the meteorological service platform 520 in the cloud, so that the meteorological service platform can implement corresponding services according to the observation data.

[0060] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the server 510 also includes a local server 512, a cloud server 511 or a local server 512 loaded with a device cloud management and control platform 540, and is configured to: receive observation data sent by the base station 530; and maintain and manage the base station 530 and the micro intelligent automatic weather station 550.

[0061] In this embodiment, the server can be deployed locally, for example, at least 3 servers form a small cluster, and an encrypted tunnel can be used for data exchange between the base station 530 and the device cloud management and control platform 540 to receive observation data and maintain and manage the base station and the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

[0062] As an example, the device cloud management and control platform 540 can authenticate and register the connected micro intelligent automatic weather station to achieve plug-and-play of the micro intelligent automatic weather station; it can also centrally manage the software required for the micro intelligent automatic weather station and base station, and perform large-scale OTA (Over-The-Air Technology) upgrades for the micro intelligent automatic weather station and base station; it can also monitor the location and status information of the micro intelligent automatic weather station and base station.

[0063] In this embodiment, the micro intelligent automatic weather station and base station are maintained and managed through the device cloud management and control platform, which can improve the supervision efficiency and reliability of the meteorological observation system.

[0064] In some embodiments, the device cloud management and control platform is also configured to: for non-browser / server structures, adapt the business protocols of multiple meteorological business platforms through a data protocol gateway, so that the device cloud management and control platform can perform data docking with different meteorological business platforms.

[0065] In this embodiment, the device cloud management and control platform can decouple the meteorological business platform through a data protocol gateway, so that the device cloud management and control platform can connect data with different meteorological business platforms and provide services for multiple meteorological business platforms more flexibly.

[0066] In some embodiments, the device cloud management and control platform is further configured to: predict disastrous weather based on the received observation data, and generate and report warning information when disastrous weather is predicted to occur.

[0067] As an example, the warning information may include the type of severe weather, the occurrence of the event, the scope of impact, etc.

[0068] In this embodiment, the device cloud management and control platform can analyze the received observation data and predict whether disastrous weather will occur in the future. If disastrous weather is predicted to occur, early warning information can be generated and reported based on the prediction results for timely response.

[0069] Continue to refer Figure 5 In some embodiments, the cloud server 511 is also provided with a data acquisition business management platform 560, which is configured to: manage the permissions of tenants and sub-areas, base stations, and micro-intelligent automatic weather stations; determine the collection strategy of observation data; and configure the parameters of sensors.

[0070] In this embodiment, the data acquisition business management platform 560 can adopt a multi-tenant mode and bind the management authority of the sub-area, base station and micro intelligent automatic weather station based on the preset tenant strategy to provide services to different tenants. The data acquisition business management platform 540 can also determine the collection strategy of observation data according to the season, month, day, time period and sensor threshold trigger, and configure the parameters of the sensor (such as sampling frequency, collection time, etc.), so as to improve the timeliness and pertinence of the observation data.

[0071] In some embodiments, the device cloud management and control platform may include multiple interfaces for interacting with other devices or platforms. Figure 5 As shown, the device cloud management and control platform 540 also includes a first interface for receiving observation data collected by multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations in the corresponding sub-area sent by the base station 530; and sending instructions and / or data to the base station.

[0072] In other embodiments, the device cloud management and control platform 540 also includes a second interface customized according to the business protocol of the meteorological business platform, which is used to send the observation data corresponding to one or more sub-areas to the meteorological business platform 520.

[0073] In other embodiments, the device cloud management and control platform 540 also includes a third interface, which is configured to perform at least one of the following: receiving the tenant's permission information sent by the data acquisition business management platform, and binding the tenant with the corresponding sub-area, base station, and micro-intelligent automatic weather station based on the permission information; receiving the observation data collection strategy sent by the data acquisition business management platform, and controlling the collection of observation data by the corresponding micro-intelligent automatic weather station based on the collection strategy; receiving the parameters of the sensor sent by the data acquisition business management platform, and configuring the sensor in the micro-intelligent automatic weather station based on the sensor parameters.

[0074] Continue to refer Figure 5In some embodiments, the cloud server 511 is also provided with a data analysis platform 570 for receiving observation data from the device cloud management and control platform 540 and performing statistical analysis and / or visualization processing on the received observation data.

[0075] As an example, the data analysis platform 570 may generate graphs and / or tables based on the observed data, perform statistical analysis on the observed data according to a preset statistical analysis algorithm, and may also process the observed data according to a user-defined algorithm.

[0076] In this embodiment, the collected observation data can be processed at a deeper level through the data analysis platform, which helps to enrich the functions of the meteorological observation system and expand the application scope of the meteorological observation system.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limitations on the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A miniature intelligent automatic weather station applied to complex terrain environments, characterized in that: It includes a base, a power supply component, a sensor component and an integrated circuit board connected as an integral structure, wherein: The base includes a mounting structure for fixing the micro intelligent automatic weather station, a connecting structure for connecting the power supply component, and an interface for transmitting data and / or power supply; The power supply assembly includes a first shell with a battery compartment formed inside and a battery disposed in the battery compartment, and the bottom of the first shell is connected to the base through the connecting structure; the battery is used to supply power to the integrated circuit board and the sensor in the sensor assembly; The sensor assembly includes a second shell with an opening at the bottom and a plurality of sensors arranged inside the second shell, wherein the bottom of the second shell is connected to the top of the first shell; the plurality of sensors include a multi-element sensor integrated into one; The integrated circuit board is located in the second shell, fixed to the top outer side of the first shell, and connected to the multiple sensors for interacting with the multiple sensors.

2. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple sensors include a wind speed sensor, a wind force sensor, and multiple other meteorological element sensors; The second shell includes a ventilation structure, the wind speed sensor and the wind force sensor are fixed inside the ventilation structure, the bottom of the ventilation structure is connected to the top of the first shell, and the top of the ventilation structure is connected to the multiple other meteorological element sensors.

3. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also included is an optical rain gauge connected to the integrated circuit board, the optical rain gauge being connected to the top surface of the second housing through a plurality of columnar structures, so that an open space is formed between the optical rain gauge and the second housing; The probes of the plurality of other meteorological element sensors extend upward to the open space.

4. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated circuit board includes a processor and a communication module, the communication module includes a plurality of wireless communication modules, so that the processor interacts with other devices through a plurality of wireless communication modes, the plurality of wireless communication modules include a mobile communication module and at least one of the following: a long-distance radio communication module, a satellite communication module; The processor is configured to: preferentially interact with other devices through the mobile communication module; and interact with other devices through the long-distance wireless communication module or the satellite communication module when the communication quality of the mobile communication module does not meet a preset condition.

5. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The processor interacts with other devices via a long-distance wireless communication module, including: The long-distance wireless communication module is used to form a network with other devices, and the remote transmission of data is realized through the device with the long-distance communication function among the other devices.

6. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The integrated circuit board also includes a memory in which a sensor processing program is loaded. The processor controls the multiple sensors and processes the data collected by the multiple sensors based on the sensor processing program.

7. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processor is further configured to: receive a cloud instruction through the communication module, and execute at least one of the following according to the received instruction: updating the program in the memory; controlling an observation mode of any one or more sensors among the plurality of sensors; Update parameters of any one or more sensors among the plurality of sensors.

8. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is also provided with an external power supply interface, which is configured to connect to an external power supply so as to supply power to the sensor in the sensor assembly and the integrated circuit board.

9. The micro intelligent automatic weather station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning component for determining the position of the micro intelligent automatic weather station and reporting the position information of the micro intelligent automatic weather station through the integrated circuit board.

10. A meteorological observation system for observing meteorological information in a target area, characterized in that: The meteorological observation system comprises a base station, a server and a micro intelligent automatic weather station for use in a complex terrain environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The target area includes a plurality of sub-areas, each of which is provided with at least one base station and a plurality of micro intelligent automatic weather stations, and the plurality of micro intelligent automatic weather stations located in the same sub-area are communicatively connected with the base station in the sub-area; The base station is communicatively connected with the server so as to transmit the observation data collected by the plurality of the micro intelligent automatic weather stations in the corresponding sub-area to the server, and receive instructions and / or data sent by the server; The server is configured to: receive observation data sent by the base station; send instructions and / or data to the base station; and process the observation data based on a preset algorithm.

11. The meteorological observation system according to claim 10, characterized in that: A backup base station is also arranged in each of the sub-areas. When the communication function of the base station fails, the backup base station is used to replace the base station for communication.

12. The meteorological observation system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The server includes a cloud server, and the cloud server is provided with a meteorological service platform for receiving the observation data sent by the base station.

13. The meteorological observation system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The server also includes a local server, and the cloud server or the local server is loaded with a device cloud management and control platform, which is configured to: receive the observation data sent by the base station; and maintain and manage the base station and the micro intelligent automatic weather station.

14. The meteorological observation system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The device cloud management and control platform is also configured to: predict disastrous weather based on the received observation data, and generate and report warning information when disastrous weather is predicted to occur.

15. The meteorological observation system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The device cloud management and control platform also includes a first interface for receiving observation data collected by multiple micro-intelligent automatic weather stations in the corresponding sub-area sent by the base station; and sending instructions and / or data to the base station.

16. The meteorological observation system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The device cloud management and control platform also includes a second interface customized according to the business agreement of the meteorological business platform, which is used to send the observation data corresponding to one or more of the sub-areas to the meteorological business platform.

17. The meteorological observation system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The device cloud management and control platform is also configured to: for non-browser / server structures, adapt the business protocols of multiple meteorological business platforms through a data protocol gateway, so that the device cloud management and control platform can perform data docking with different meteorological business platforms.

18. The meteorological observation system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The cloud server is also provided with a data acquisition business management platform, which is configured as follows: Managing the rights of tenants and the sub-areas, the base stations, and the micro intelligent automatic weather stations; Determine the collection strategy for observation data; Configure the sensor's parameters.

19. The meteorological observation system according to claim 18, characterized in that: The device cloud management and control platform further includes a third interface configured to perform at least one of the following: Receive the tenant's permission information sent by the data acquisition business management platform, and bind the tenant with the corresponding sub-area, the base station, and the micro intelligent automatic weather station according to the permission information; Receiving the collection strategy of observation data sent by the data collection business management platform, and controlling the collection of observation data by the corresponding micro intelligent automatic weather station according to the collection strategy; Receive the parameters of the sensor sent by the data acquisition business management platform, and configure the sensor in the micro intelligent automatic weather station according to the parameters of the sensor.

20. The meteorological observation system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The cloud server is also provided with a data analysis platform for receiving observation data from the device cloud management and control platform, and performing statistical analysis and / or visualization processing on the received observation data.

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